Aralia - Revision history

Raffi at 18:24, 22 January 2010

2010-01-22T18:24:49Z

Murali.lalitha at 11:15, 22 January 2010

2010-01-22T11:15:13Z

Murali.lalitha at 11:05, 22 January 2010

2010-01-22T11:05:55Z

Envoy at 14:27, 1 October 2007

2007-10-01T14:27:46Z

New page

{{Taxobox
| color = lightgreen
| name = ''Aralia''
| image = Aralia elata en fleur4081.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = ''Aralia elata''
| regnum = [[Plantae]]
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Apiales]]
| familia = [[Araliaceae]]
| subfamilia = [[Aralioideae]]
| genus = '''''Aralia'''''
| genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
| synonyms =
*''Acanthophora'' [[Merr.]]
*''Coemansia'' [[Marchal]]
*''Coudenbergia'' [[Marchal]]
*''Cwangayana'' [[Rauschert]]
*''Dimorphanthus'' [[Miq.]]
*''Neoacanthophora'' [[Bennet]]
*''Parapentapanax'' [[Hutch.]]
*''Pentapanax'' [[Seem.]] (probably)
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
*''[[Aralia apioides]]''
*''[[Aralia armata]]''
*''[[Aralia atropurpurea]]''
*''[[Aralia bicrenata]]''
*''[[Aralia bipinnata]]''
* ''[[Aralia cachemirica]]''
*''[[Aralia caesia]]''
* ''[[Aralia californica]]'' - California Aralia
*''[[Aralia castanopsiscola]]''
*''[[Aralia chapaensis]]''
* ''[[Aralia chinensis]]'' - Chinese angelica tree
* ''[[Aralia continentalis]]''
* ''[[Aralia cordata]]'' - Japanese Spikenard
* ''[[Aralia dasyphylla]]''
*''[[Aralia dasyphylloides]]''
*''[[Aralia debilis]]''
*''[[Aralia decaisneana]]''
*''[[Aralia delavayi]]''
*''[[Aralia echinocaulis]]''
* ''[[Aralia elata]]'' - Japanese Angelica-tree
*''[[Aralia fargesii]]''
*''[[Aralia ferox]]''
*''[[Aralia finlaysoniana]]''
*''[[Aralia foliolosa]]''
*''[[Aralia fragrans]]''
*''[[Aralia frodiniana]]''
*''[[Aralia gigantea]]''
*''[[Aralia gintungensis]]''
*''[[Aralia glabra]]''
*''[[Aralia glabrifoliolata]]''
*''[[Aralia henryi]]''
* ''[[Aralia hispida]]'' - Bristly Spikenard
*''[[Aralia houheensis]]''
*''[[Aralia humilis]]''
*''[[Aralia kansuensis]]''
*''[[Aralia kingdon-wardii]]''
*''[[Aralia laevis]]''
*''[[Aralia malabarica]]''
*''[[Aralia melanocarpa]]''
*''[[Aralia merrillii]]''
*''[[Aralia mexicana]]''
*''[[Aralia montana]]''
*''[[Aralia nguyen-taoi]]''
* ''[[Aralia nudicaulis]]'' - Small Spikenard
*''[[Aralia parasitica]]''
*''[[Aralia plumosa]]''
* ''[[Aralia racemosa]]'' - American Spikenard
*''[[Aralia regeliana]]''
*''[[Aralia rex]]''
*''[[Aralia ryukyuensis]]''
*''[[Aralia scopulorum]]''
*''[[Aralia searelliana]]''
*''[[Aralia soratensis]]''
*''[[Aralia spinifolia]]''
* ''[[Aralia spinosa]]'' - Hercules' Club
*''[[Aralia stellata]]''
* ''[[Aralia stipulata]]''
*''[[Aralia subcordata]]''
*''[[Aralia thomsonii]]''
*''[[Aralia tibetana]]''
* ''[[Aralia tomentella]]''
*''[[Aralia undulata]]''
*''[[Aralia urticifolia]]''
*''[[Aralia verticillata]]''
*''[[Aralia vietnamensis]]''
* ''[[Aralia warmingiana]]''
*''[[Aralia wilsonii]]''
*''[[Aralia yunnanensis]]''
}}

'''''Aralia''''' ('''Spikenard''') is a [[genus]] of the [[plant]] [[family (biology)|family]] [[Araliaceae]], consisting of 68 accepted species of [[deciduous]] and [[evergreen]] [[tree]]s and [[shrub]]s, and some [[rhizomatous]] [[herbaceous]] [[perennial plant|perennial]]s. The genus is native to [[Asia]] and the [[Americas]], with most species occurring in mountain woodlands. The species vary in size, with some herbaceous species only reaching 50 cm tall, while some are trees growing to 20 m tall.

''Aralia'' species have large [[pinnate|bipinnate]] leaves clustered at the ends of branches, sometimes covered with bristles. The [[flower]]s are whitish or greenish occurring in terminal [[panicle]]s, and the spherical dark purple berry-like [[fruit]] are popular with [[bird]]s.

''Aralia'' species are used as food plants by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] species including [[Common Emerald]].

===Taxonomic note===
The circumscription of ''Aralia'' has varied greatly. Species formerly included in a wider circumscription of the genus are now included in ''[[Fatsia]]'', ''[[Macropanax]]'', ''[[Oreopanax]]'', ''[[Panax]]'', ''[[Polyscias]]'', ''[[Pseudopanax]]'', ''[[Schefflera]]'', and ''[[Tetrapanax]]'', among others.

The genus ''Dimorphanthus'' Miq. is now considered a synonym of ''Aralia'' but is recognized as a section within that genus.

[[Image:Sumac bush clump summertime georgia.jpg|left|thumb|''Aralia spinosa'']]
{{commons}}

==References and external links==
*Frodin, D. G. and R. Govaerts. 2003. World Checklist and Bibliography of Araliaceae. Kew, UK: The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
*Wen, J. 2004. Systematics and biogeography of ''Aralia'' L. sect. ''Dimorphanthus'' (Miq.) Miq. (Araliaceae). ''Cathaya'' 15-16: 1-187.
*[http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=ARALI ''Aralia'']
*[http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Aralia.html Sorting ''Aralia'' names]

[[Category:Araliaceae]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:15, 22 January 2010
Line 16:		Line 16:

	There are also a number of tender shrubby plants cultivated as ornamental greenhouse or stove plants, which have been provisionally referred to the genus Aralia, as their flowers and fruits are not yet known; therefore it haw not been possible to determine their true botanical affinity. In the present work they are referred to other genera. They should be looked for under Polyscias, Pseudopanax, Schefflera, Oreopanax, Panax, Sciadophyllum, Dizygotheca. Other related genera, perhaps not including any horticulturally important forms, are Heptapleurum and Monopanax.		There are also a number of tender shrubby plants cultivated as ornamental greenhouse or stove plants, which have been provisionally referred to the genus Aralia, as their flowers and fruits are not yet known; therefore it haw not been possible to determine their true botanical affinity. In the present work they are referred to other genera. They should be looked for under Polyscias, Pseudopanax, Schefflera, Oreopanax, Panax, Sciadophyllum, Dizygotheca. Other related genera, perhaps not including any horticulturally important forms, are Heptapleurum and Monopanax.
		+
		+	A. japónica, Thunb.-Fatsia japónica.—A. papyrifera, Hook.- Tetrapanax papyriferum.—A. pentaphylla, Thunb.-Acanthopanax pentaphyllum.—A. qùinquefolia, Demo. & Planch.-Panax quinquefolium.—A. Sieboldii, Hort.-Fatsia japónica.—A. trifolio, Decne. & Planch.-Panax trifolium. (See also Ginseng.)
	}}		}}

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:05, 22 January 2010
Line 1:		Line 1:
		+	{{SPlantbox
		+	\|genus=Aralia
		+	\|Temp Metric=°F
		+	\|jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
		+	\|image=Upload.png
		+	\|image_width=240
		+	}}
		+	{{Inc\|
		+	Aralia (derivation obscure). Araliaceae. Ornamental herbs, shrubs or trees grown chiefly for their bold foliage.
		+
		+	Stems often spiny : Lvs. alternate, deciduous, pinnate to 3-pinnate: fls. small, whitish, in umbels usually forming panicles; pedicels articulate; calyx-lobes minute; petals imbricate in bud; stamens 5; ovary 5-, rarely 2-celled, with-the styles free or connate only at the base: fr. a berry-like drupe with 2-5 compressed stones.—About 20 species in N. Amer., Asia, Malay Archipelago and Austral.
		+
		+	The aralias are large herbs, shrubs or small trees, often spiny, with large decompound foliage, small whitish flowers in umbels forming large terminal panicles and followed by small usually black berry-like fruits.
		+
		+	The species are hardy or nearly hardy North. They prefer rich or heavy soil. They are often planted as single specimens on the lawn for the bold subtropical effect of their foliage. Propagation is by seeds sown in spring, which do best with slight bottom-heat, or by root-cuttings, also with bottom-heat.
		+
		+	There are also a number of tender shrubby plants cultivated as ornamental greenhouse or stove plants, which have been provisionally referred to the genus Aralia, as their flowers and fruits are not yet known; therefore it haw not been possible to determine their true botanical affinity. In the present work they are referred to other genera. They should be looked for under Polyscias, Pseudopanax, Schefflera, Oreopanax, Panax, Sciadophyllum, Dizygotheca. Other related genera, perhaps not including any horticulturally important forms, are Heptapleurum and Monopanax.
		+	}}
		+
	{{Taxobox		{{Taxobox
	\| color = lightgreen		\| color = lightgreen

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{SPlantbox
 |genus=Aralia
 |Temp Metric=°F
 |jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
-|image=Upload.png
+|image=Aralia elata en fleur4081.jpg
 |image_width=240
 }}
 {{Inc|
 Aralia (derivation obscure). Araliaceae. Ornamental herbs, shrubs or trees grown chiefly for their bold foliage.
@@ Line 20: / Line 28: @@
 }}
-{{Taxobox
+==Cultivation==
-| color = lightgreen
-| name = ''Aralia''
-| image = Aralia elata en fleur4081.jpg
+===Propagation===
-| image_width = 250px
-| image_caption = ''Aralia elata''
-| regnum = [[Plantae]]
+===Pests and diseases===
-| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
-| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
-| ordo = [[Apiales]]
+==Species==
-| familia = [[Araliaceae]]
+The circumscription of ''Aralia'' has varied greatly.  Species formerly included in a wider circumscription of the genus are now included in ''[[Fatsia]]'', ''[[Macropanax]]'', ''[[Oreopanax]]'', ''[[Panax]]'', ''[[Polyscias]]'', ''[[Pseudopanax]]'', ''[[Schefflera]]'', and ''[[Tetrapanax]]'', among others.
-| subfamilia = [[Aralioideae]]
-| genus = '''''Aralia'''''
+The genus ''Dimorphanthus'' Miq. is now considered a synonym of ''Aralia'' but is recognized as a section within that genus.
-| genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
-| synonyms =
+[[Image:Sumac bush clump summertime georgia.jpg|left|thumb|''Aralia spinosa'']]
 *''Acanthophora'' <small>[[Merr.]]</small>
 *''Coemansia'' <small>[[Marchal]]</small>
@@ Line 43: / Line 53: @@
 *''Parapentapanax'' <small>[[Hutch.]]</small>
 *''Pentapanax'' <small>[[Seem.]]</small> (probably)
-| subdivision_ranks = Species
-| subdivision =
+;Species
 *''[[Aralia apioides]]''
 *''[[Aralia armata]]''
@@ Line 113: / Line 123: @@
 *''[[Aralia wilsonii]]''
 *''[[Aralia yunnanensis]]''
-''Aralia'' species are used as food plants by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] species including [[Common Emerald]].
+==Gallery==
-===Taxonomic note===
+<gallery perrow=5>
-The circumscription of ''Aralia'' has varied greatly.  Species formerly included in a wider circumscription of the genus are now included in ''[[Fatsia]]'', ''[[Macropanax]]'', ''[[Oreopanax]]'', ''[[Panax]]'', ''[[Polyscias]]'', ''[[Pseudopanax]]'', ''[[Schefflera]]'', and ''[[Tetrapanax]]'', among others.
+Image:Upload.png| photo 1
-The genus ''Dimorphanthus'' Miq. is now considered a synonym of ''Aralia'' but is recognized as a section within that genus.
+==References==
+<references/>
-[[Image:Sumac bush clump summertime georgia.jpg|left|thumb|''Aralia spinosa'']]
+*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
-{{commons}}
+<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
-==References and external links==
+==External links==
-*Frodin, D. G. and R. Govaerts. 2003. World Checklist and Bibliography of Araliaceae. Kew, UK: The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
+*{{wplink}}
-[[Category:Araliaceae]]
+{{stub}}