Cucurbitaceae - Revision history

Raffi at 18:06, 19 May 2009

2009-05-19T18:06:04Z

Irenet at 10:58, 18 May 2009

2009-05-18T10:58:15Z

Envoy at 18:03, 18 October 2007

2007-10-18T18:03:56Z

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{{Taxobox
| color = lightgreen
| name = Cucurbitaceae
| image = Hodgsonia heteroclita male.jpg
| image_width = 200px
| image_caption = ''[[Hodgsonia]]'' male plant
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Cucurbitales]]
| familia = '''Cucurbitaceae'''
| familia_authority = [[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu|Juss.]]
}}

'''Cucurbitaceae''' is a [[plant]] [[family (biology)|family]] commonly known as '''gourds''' or '''cucurbits''' and includes crops like [[cucumber]]s, [[squash (vegetable)|squashes]] (including [[pumpkins]]), [[luffa]]s, [[melon]]s and [[watermelons]]. The family is predominately distributed around the tropics, where those with edible fruits were amongst the earliest cultivated plants in both the Old and New Worlds.

Most of the plants in this family are [[Annual plant|annual]] [[vine]]s with large [[blossom|showy-blossoms]], usually white or various shades of bright yellow to orange-yellow. The plants produce male and female flowers separately on the same plant, and the female flowers have [[Ovary (plants)#Inferior ovary|inferior ovaries]]. The fruit is a kind of [[berry]] called a [[Epigynous_berry|pepo]].

Most of the plants in this family are readily susceptible to the [[larva]] of a particular [[moth]], the [[squash borer|Squash Borer]].

==Classification==
There are about 118 extant genera in Cucurbitaceae, including 825 species. The following is the classification as given by Charles Jeffrey as of [[1990]].

'''Subfamily Zanonioideae''' (small striate pollen grains)
*Tribe Zanonieae
**Subtribe Fevilleinae: ''[[Fevillea]]''
**Subtribe Zanoniinae: ''[[Alsomitra]] [[Zanonia]] [[Siolmatra]] [[Gerrardanthus]] [[Zygosicyos]] [[Xerosicyos]] [[Neoalsomitra]]''
**Subtribe Gomphogyninae: ''[[Hemsleya]] [[Gomphogyne]] [[Gynostemma]]''
**Subtribe Actinostemmatinae: ''[[Bolbostemma]] [[Actinostemma]]''
**Subtribe Sicydiinae: ''[[Sicydium]] [[Chalema]] [[Pteropepon]] [[Pseudosicydium]] [[Cyclantheropsis]]''

'''Subfamily Cucurbitoideae''' (styles united into a single column)
*Tribe Melothrieae
**Subtribe Dendrosicyinae: ''[[Kedrostis]] [[Dendrosicyos]] [[Corallocarpus]] [[Ibervillea]] [[Tumamoca]] [[Halosicyos]] [[Ceratosanthes]] [[Doyerea]] [[Trochomeriopsis]] [[Seyrigia]] [[Dieterlea]] [[Cucurbitella]] [[Apodanthera]] [[Guraniopsis]] [[Melothrianthus]] [[Wilbrandia]]''
**Subtribe Guraniinae: ''[[Helmontia]] [[Psiguria]] [[Gurania]]''
**Subtribe Cucumerinae: ''[[Melancium]] [[Cucumeropsis]] [[Posadaea]] [[Melothria]] [[Muellarargia]] [[Zehneria]] [[Cucumis]]'' (with [[synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]]s: '' [[Mukia]]'' and ''[[Dicaelospermum]]'' according to Ghebretinsae ''et al.'', is likely that ''[[Cucumella]], [[Oreosyce]]'' and ''[[Myrmecosicyos]]'' are too <ref> Ghebretinsae, A. G., Thulin, M. & Barber, J. C. (2007). Relationships of cucumbers and melons unraveled: molecular phylogenetics of ''Cucumis'' and related genera (Benincaseae, Cucurbitaceae). ''American Journal of Botany'' 94(7): 1256–1266. </ref> <ref>{{cite journal| last = Renner, S. S.| first = Schaefer, H. & Kocyan, A.| title = Phylogenetics of Cucumis (Cucurbitaceae): Cucumber (C. sativus) belongs in an Asian/Australian clade far from melon (C. melo)| journal = BMC Evolutionary Biology| volume = 7| year = 2007| pages = 58-69| doi =
10.1186/1471-2148-7-58}} </ref>).
**Subtribe Trochomeriinae: ''[[Solena]] [[Trochomeria]] [[Dactyliandra]] [[Ctenolepsis]]''
*Tribe Schizopeponeae: ''[[Schizopepon]]''
*Tribe Joliffieae
**Subtribe Thladianthinae: ''[[Indofevillea]] [[Siraitia]] [[Thladiantha]] [[Momordica]]''
**Subtribe Telfairiinae: ''[[Telfaria]]''
*Tribe Trichosantheae
**Subtribe Hodgsoniinae: ''[[Hodgsonia]]''
**Subtribe Ampelosicyinae: ''[[Ampelosicyos]] [[Peponium]]''
**Subtribe Trichosanthinae: ''[[Gymnopetalum]] [[Trichosanthes]] [[Tricyclandra]]''
**Subtribe Herpetosperminae: ''[[Cephalopentandra]] [[Biswarea]] [[Herpetospermum]] [[Edgaria]]''
*Tribe Benincaseae
**Subtribe Benincasinae: ''[[Cogniauxia]] [[Ruthalicia]] [[Lagenaria]] [[Benincasa]] [[Praecitrullus]] [[Citrullus]] [[Acanthosicyos]] [[Eureiandra]] [[Bambekea]] [[Nothoalsomitra]] [[Coccinia]] [[Diplocyclos]] [[Raphidiocystis]] [[Lemurosicyos]] [[Zombitsia]] [[Ecballium]] [[Bryonia]]''
**Subtribe Luffinae: ''[[Luffa]]''
*Tribe Cucurbiteae (pantoporate, spiny pollen): ''[[Cucurbita]] [[Sicana]] [[Tecunumania]] [[Calycophysum]] [[Peponopsis]] [[Anacaona]] [[Polyclathra]] [[Schizocarpum]] [[Penelopeia (plant)|Penelopeia]] [[Cionosicyos]] [[Cayaponia]] [[Selysia]] [[Abobra]]
*Tribe Sicyeae (trichomatous nectary, 4- to 10-colporate pollen grains)
**Subtribe Cyclantherinae: ''[[Hanburia]] [[Echinopepon]] [[Marah (plant)|Marah]] [[Echinocystis]] [[Vaseyanthus]] [[Brandegea]] [[Apatzingania]] [[Cremastopus]] [[Elateriopsis]] [[Pseudocyclanthera]] [[Cyclanthera]] [[Rytidostylis]]
**Subtribe Sicyinae: ''[[Sicyos]] [[Sicyosperma]] [[Parasicyos]] [[Microsechium]] [[Sechium]] [[Sechiopsis]] [[Pterosicyos]]''
*[[incertae sedis]]: ''[[Odosicyos]]''

'''Alphabetical list of genera''':
''[[Abobra]] [[Acanthosicyos]] [[Actinostemma]] [[Alsomitra]] [[Ampelosycios]] [[Anacaona]] [[Apatzingania]] [[Apodanthera]] [[Bambekea]] [[Benincasa]] [[Biswarea]] [[Bolbostemma]] [[Brandegea]] [[Bryonia]] [[Calycophysum]] [[Cayaponia]] [[Cephalopentandra]] [[Ceratosanthes]] [[Chalema]] [[Cionosicyos]] [[Citrullus]] [[Coccinia]] [[Cogniauxia]] [[Corallocarpus]] [[Cremastopus]] [[Ctenolepis]] [[Cucumella]] [[Cucumeropsis]] [[Cucumis]] [[Cucurbita]] [[Cucurbitella]] [[Cyclanthera]] [[Dactyliandra]] [[Dendrosicyos]] [[Dicaelospermum]] [[Dieterlea]] [[Diplocyclos]] [[Doyerea]] [[Ecballium]] [[Echinocystis]] [[Echinopepon]] [[Edgaria]] [[Elateriopsis]] [[Eureiandra]] [[Fevillea]] [[Gerrardanthus]] [[Gomphogyne]] [[Gurania]] [[Guraniopsis]] [[Gymnopetalum]] [[Gynostemma]] [[Halosicyos]] [[Hanburia]] [[Helmontia]] [[Hemsleya]] [[Herpetospermum]] [[Hodgsonia]] [[Ibervillea]] [[Indofevillea]] [[Kedrostis]] [[Lagenaria]] [[Lemurosicyos]] [[Luffa]] [[Marah (plant)|Marah]] [[Melancium]] [[Melothria]] [[Melothrianthus]] [[Microsechium]] [[Momordica]] [[Muellerargia]] [[Mukia]] [[Myrmecosicyos]] [[Neoalsomitra]] [[Nothoalsomitra]] [[Odosicyos]] [[Oreosyce]] [[Parasicyos]] [[Penelopeia (plant)|Penelopeia]] [[Peponium]] [[Peponopsis]] [[Polyclathra]] [[Posadaea]] [[Praecitrullus]] [[Pseudocyclanthera]] [[Pseudosicydium]] [[Psiguria]] [[Pteropepon]] [[Pterosicyos]] [[Raphidiocystis]] [[Ruthalicia]] [[Rytidostylis]] [[Schizocarpum]] [[Schizopepon]] [[Sechiopsis]] [[Sechium]] [[Selysia]] [[Seyrigia]] [[Sicana]] [[Sicydium]] [[Sicyos]] [[Sicyosperma]] [[Siolmatra]] [[Siraitia]] [[Solena]] [[Tecunumania]] [[Telfairia]] [[Thladiantha]] [[Trichosanthes]] [[Tricyclandra]] [[Trochomeria]] [[Trochomeriopsis]] [[Tumacoca]] [[Vaseyanthus]] [[Wilbrandia]] [[Xerosicyos]] [[Zanonia]] [[Zehneria]] [[Zombitsia]] [[Zygosicyos]]''
Ref: [http://delta-intkey.com/angio/www/cucurbit.htm Watson and Dallwitz] [[3 September]] [[2002]]

==References==
{{reflist}}
*{{cite book|author=David Bates, Richard Robinson, Charles Jeffrey, eds.|year=1990|title=Biology and Utilization of the Cucurbitaceae|publisher=Cornell UP|id=ISBN 0-8014-1670-1}}
* Jeffrey, C. 2005. A new system of Cucurbitaceae. ''Bot. Zhurn'' 90: 332–335. [latest classification of Cucurbitaceae]

==External links==
* [http://www.cucurbit.org/family.html Cucurbitaceae] in [http://www.cucurbit.org/family.html T.C. Andres (1995 onwards)].
* [http://delta-intkey.com/angio/www/cucurbit.htm Cucurbitaceae] in [http://delta-intkey.com/angio/ L. Watson and M.J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards). The families of flowering plants: descriptions, illustrations, identification, information retrieval.] http://delta-intkey.com
* [http://nt.ars-grin.gov/sbmlweb/OnlineResources/Cucumis/ J.H. Kirkbride Jr and M.J. Dallwitz (2000 onwards). Cucumis and Cucumella (Cucurbitaceae): cucumbers and melons.]
*[http://www.echotech.org/technical/technotes/Cucurbit.PDF Cucurbit seed as possible oil & protein sources]

[[Category:Cucurbitaceae| ]]
[[Category:Plant families]]
[[Category:Cucurbitales]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Inc|
-Cucurbitaceae (from the genus Cucurbita, the classical name for the gourd). Gourd Family. Fig. 56. Herbs, rarely shrubs, climbing, usually with branched tendrils: leaves alternate, more or less rounded; veins palmate: flowers usually unisexual, perigynous, regular; stamens 5, rarely separate, usually connate in 2 pairs and 1 free stamen (thus apparently, stamens 3), or monadelphous, inserted at the summit of the ovary; anthers 2-celled, the cells often queerly curved and contorted; carpels usually 3, rarely more or fewer; ovary inferior, mostly 3-celled, many-ovuled: fruit a dry berry with thick rind and spongy center (Pepo), or juicy with hard rind, very exceptionally dehiscent.
+Cucurbitaceae (from the genus Cucurbita, the classical name for the gourd). Gourd Family. Herbs, rarely shrubs, climbing, usually with branched tendrils: leaves alternate, more or less rounded; veins palmate: flowers usually unisexual, perigynous, regular; stamens 5, rarely separate, usually connate in 2 pairs and 1 free stamen (thus apparently, stamens 3), or monadelphous, inserted at the summit of the ovary; anthers 2-celled, the cells often queerly curved and contorted; carpels usually 3, rarely more or fewer; ovary inferior, mostly 3-celled, many-ovuled: fruit a dry berry with thick rind and spongy center (Pepo), or juicy with hard rind, very exceptionally dehiscent.
 There are 87 genera and about 650 species, widely distributed over the earth but most abundant in the tropics; they are wanting in the cold regions. Several are wild in the eastern United States. The family is related to the Campanulaceae, possibly also to the Passifloraceae. The tendrils are usually borne singly at the nodes and are thought to be modified axillary branches. The fruits are exceedingly diverse and odd. Some are the largest fruits of the vegetable kingdom, others are very tiny. The gourds are very diverse in shape and color,—club-shaped, globular, or flattened from above, or curiously curved.
@@ Line 8: / Line 21: @@
 The most remarkable fruit is the squirting cucumber (Ecballium Elaterium) of the Mediterranean region. The prickly fruit, about 2 inches long, becomes very turgid and finally explodes with a considerable report. The basal end is blown out like a cork from a bottle, and the pulpy interior, containing the seeds, is projected to a considerable distance.
-Twenty to 30 genera are in cultivation in N. America. Among these are the various melons, squashes, gourds, and the like, mentioned above; also Bryony, Wax Gourd, Balsam Pear or Balsam Apple (Momordica), Dish-cloth Gourd, Squirting Cucumber, Curuba (Sicana), and Snake Gourd (Trichosanthes).
+Twenty to 30 genera are in cultivation in N. America. Among these are the various melons, squashes, gourds, and the like, mentioned above; also Bryony, Wax Gourd, Balsam Pear or Balsam Apple (Momordica), Dish-cloth Gourd, Squirting Cucumber, Curuba (Sicana), and Snake Gourd (Trichosanthes).{{SCH}}
 }}
-'''Cucurbitaceae''' is a [[plant]] [[family (biology)|family]] commonly known as '''gourds''' or '''cucurbits''' and includes crops like [[cucumber]]s, [[squash (vegetable)|squashes]] (including [[pumpkins]]), [[luffa]]s, [[melon]]s and [[watermelons]]. The family is predominately distributed around the tropics, where those with edible fruits were amongst the earliest cultivated plants in both the Old and New Worlds.
+==Genera==
+There are about 118 extant genera in Cucurbitaceae, including 825 species. The following is the classification as given by Charles Jeffrey as of [[1990]]{{wp}}.
 '''Subfamily Zanonioideae''' (small striate pollen grains)
@@ Line 71: / Line 63: @@
 ''[[Abobra]] [[Acanthosicyos]] [[Actinostemma]] [[Alsomitra]] [[Ampelosycios]] [[Anacaona]] [[Apatzingania]] [[Apodanthera]] [[Bambekea]] [[Benincasa]] [[Biswarea]] [[Bolbostemma]] [[Brandegea]] [[Bryonia]] [[Calycophysum]] [[Cayaponia]] [[Cephalopentandra]] [[Ceratosanthes]] [[Chalema]] [[Cionosicyos]] [[Citrullus]] [[Coccinia]] [[Cogniauxia]] [[Corallocarpus]] [[Cremastopus]] [[Ctenolepis]] [[Cucumella]] [[Cucumeropsis]] [[Cucumis]] [[Cucurbita]] [[Cucurbitella]] [[Cyclanthera]] [[Dactyliandra]] [[Dendrosicyos]] [[Dicaelospermum]] [[Dieterlea]] [[Diplocyclos]] [[Doyerea]] [[Ecballium]] [[Echinocystis]] [[Echinopepon]] [[Edgaria]] [[Elateriopsis]] [[Eureiandra]] [[Fevillea]] [[Gerrardanthus]] [[Gomphogyne]] [[Gurania]] [[Guraniopsis]] [[Gymnopetalum]] [[Gynostemma]] [[Halosicyos]] [[Hanburia]] [[Helmontia]] [[Hemsleya]] [[Herpetospermum]] [[Hodgsonia]] [[Ibervillea]] [[Indofevillea]] [[Kedrostis]] [[Lagenaria]] [[Lemurosicyos]] [[Luffa]] [[Marah (plant)|Marah]] [[Melancium]] [[Melothria]] [[Melothrianthus]] [[Microsechium]] [[Momordica]] [[Muellerargia]] [[Mukia]] [[Myrmecosicyos]] [[Neoalsomitra]] [[Nothoalsomitra]] [[Odosicyos]] [[Oreosyce]] [[Parasicyos]] [[Penelopeia (plant)|Penelopeia]] [[Peponium]] [[Peponopsis]] [[Polyclathra]] [[Posadaea]] [[Praecitrullus]] [[Pseudocyclanthera]] [[Pseudosicydium]] [[Psiguria]] [[Pteropepon]] [[Pterosicyos]] [[Raphidiocystis]] [[Ruthalicia]] [[Rytidostylis]] [[Schizocarpum]] [[Schizopepon]] [[Sechiopsis]] [[Sechium]] [[Selysia]] [[Seyrigia]] [[Sicana]] [[Sicydium]] [[Sicyos]] [[Sicyosperma]] [[Siolmatra]] [[Siraitia]] [[Solena]] [[Tecunumania]] [[Telfairia]] [[Thladiantha]] [[Trichosanthes]] [[Tricyclandra]] [[Trochomeria]] [[Trochomeriopsis]] [[Tumacoca]] [[Vaseyanthus]] [[Wilbrandia]] [[Xerosicyos]] [[Zanonia]] [[Zehneria]] [[Zombitsia]] [[Zygosicyos]]''
 Ref: [http://delta-intkey.com/angio/www/cucurbit.htm Watson and Dallwitz] [[3 September]] [[2002]]
 ==References==
-{{reflist}}
+*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
 ==External links==
-* [http://www.cucurbit.org/family.html Cucurbitaceae] in [http://www.cucurbit.org/family.html T.C. Andres (1995 onwards)].
+*{{wplink}}
-[[Category:Cucurbitaceae| ]]
+{{stub}}
 [[Category:Plant families]]
 [[Category:Cucurbitales]]
-'''Bold text'''
+[[Category:Cucurbitaceae| ]]