Eucommia - Revision history

Raffi at 21:24, 27 September 2009

2009-09-27T21:24:10Z

Silparaja at 09:12, 26 September 2009

2009-09-26T09:12:03Z

Envoy at 12:42, 10 October 2007

2007-10-10T12:42:27Z

New page

{{Taxobox
| color = lightgreen
| name = ''Eucommia''
| image = Eucommia-ulmoides.JPG
| image_width = 240px
| image_caption = ''Eucommia ulmoides'' foliage and flowers.
| status = LR/nt
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Garryales]]
| familia = '''Eucommiaceae'''
| familia_authority = [[Adolf Engler|Engler]]
| genus = '''''Eucommia'''''
| genus_authority = [[Daniel Oliver|Oliv.]]
| species = '''''E. ulmoides'''''
| binomial = ''Eucommia ulmoides''
| binomial_authority = Oliv.
}}
'''Eucommia''' (''Eucommia ulmoides'') is a small [[tree]] native to [[China]]. It is [[extinct]] in the wild, but is widely cultivated in China for its [[bark]], highly valued in [[herbology]] such as [[Traditional Chinese medicine]] (TCM).

''Eucommia'' is the sole member of the family Eucommiaceae, and was formerly considered to be a separate order, the Eucommiales. It is one of the 50 fundamental herbs used in [[Chinese herbology]], where it is called dùzhòng ([[wiktionary:杜|杜]][[wiktionary:仲|仲]]).

Eucommia grows to about 15 m tall. The leaves are [[deciduous]], arranged alternately, simple [[ovate]] with an [[acuminate]] tip, 8–16 cm long, and with a serrated margin. If a leaf is torn across, strands of [[latex]] exuded from the leaf veins solidify into [[rubber]] and hold the two parts of the leaf together. The [[flower]]s are inconspicuous, small and greenish; the [[fruit]] is a winged [[Samara (fruit)|samara]] with one [[seed]], very similar to an [[elm]] samara in appearance, 2–3 cm long and 1–2 cm broad.

Eucommia is also occasionally planted in [[botanical garden]]s and other [[garden]]s in [[Europe]], [[North America]] and elsewhere, being of interest as the only cold-tolerant (to at least -30°C) rubber-producing tree.

It is also sometimes known as "Gutta-percha tree" or "Chinese rubber tree", but is not related to either the true [[Gutta-percha]] tree of southeastern Asia, nor to the South American [[Para rubber tree|rubber tree]].

[[Fossil]]s of ''Eucommia'' have been found in 10–35 million year old [[lignite|brown coal]] deposits in central [[Europe]] and widely in [[North America]] (Call & Dilcher 1997), indicating that the genus had a much wider range in the past.

==Ethnomedical Use==
The bark is used in [[traditional Chinese medicine]] to treat lower back pain, aching knees, and to prevent [[miscarriage]]. Also used to "tonify" the [[Yang]].

==References and external links==
* {{IUCN2006|assessors=World Conservation Monitoring Centre|year=1998|id=31280|title=Eucommia ulmoides|downloaded=11 May 2006}}
*Call, V.B. and Dilcher, D.L. 1997. The fossil record of Eucommia (Eucommiaceae) in North America. ''American Journal of Botany'' 84(6): 798-814. Available [http://www.amjbot.org/cgi/reprint/84/6/798.pdf online] (pdf file)

[[Category:Garryales]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Inc|
 Eucommia (Greek, eu, well, and kommi, gum; alluding to the fact that the plant contains rubber). Eucommiaceae. Deciduous tree grown for its handsome foliage and also for its possibility as a hardy rubber- producing tree.
@@ Line 5: / Line 29: @@
 Eucommia is an upright-growing vigorous tree with rather large elliptic dark green foliage, inconspicuous precocious flowers and winged fruits; in habit and foliage it resembles somewhat an elm tree. In China the bark is a most valued medicine. The tree contains rubber in all its parts, particularly in the young growth and in the bark. Though the rubber has proved to be of good quality, it is apparently difficult of extraction and not present in sufficient quantity to make the commercial exploitation of the tree pay; therefore the Lopes which have been set in this "hardy rubber tree" will probably never realize. The tree has proved perfectly hardy as far north as Massachusetts and grows well in a loamy humid soil. Propagation is by seeds and by greenwood cuttings under glass.
-}}
+==Cultivation==
-{{Taxobox
+{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
-| color = lightgreen
-| name = ''Eucommia''
+===Propagation===
-| image = Eucommia-ulmoides.JPG
+{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
-''Eucommia'' is the sole member of the family Eucommiaceae, and was formerly considered to be a separate order, the Eucommiales. It is one of the 50 fundamental herbs used in [[Chinese herbology]], where it is called dùzhòng ([[wiktionary:杜|杜]][[wiktionary:仲|仲]]).
+===Pests and diseases===
-Eucommia grows to about 15 m tall. The leaves are [[deciduous]], arranged alternately, simple [[ovate]] with an [[acuminate]] tip, 8–16 cm long, and with a serrated margin. If a leaf is torn across, strands of [[latex]] exuded from the leaf veins solidify into [[rubber]] and hold the two parts of the leaf together. The [[flower]]s are inconspicuous, small and greenish; the [[fruit]] is a winged [[Samara (fruit)|samara]] with one [[seed]], very similar to an [[elm]] samara in appearance, 2–3 cm long and 1–2 cm broad.
+==Species==
-Eucommia is also occasionally planted in [[botanical garden]]s and other [[garden]]s in [[Europe]], [[North America]] and elsewhere, being of interest as the only cold-tolerant (to at least -30°C) rubber-producing tree.
+==Gallery==
-It is also sometimes known as "Gutta-percha tree" or "Chinese rubber tree", but is not related to either the true [[Gutta-percha]] tree of southeastern Asia, nor to the South American [[Para rubber tree|rubber tree]].
+<gallery>
-[[Fossil]]s of ''Eucommia'' have been found in 10–35 million year old [[lignite|brown coal]] deposits in central [[Europe]] and widely in [[North America]] (Call & Dilcher 1997), indicating that the genus had a much wider range in the past.
+==References==
-==Ethnomedical Use==
+==External links==
-The bark is used in [[traditional Chinese medicine]] to treat lower back pain, aching knees, and to prevent [[miscarriage]]. Also used to "tonify" the [[Yang]].
+*{{wplink}}
-==References and external links==
+{{stub}}
-* {{IUCN2006|assessors=World Conservation Monitoring Centre|year=1998|id=31280|title=Eucommia ulmoides|downloaded=11 May 2006}}
+[[Category:Categorize]]
-[[Category:Garryales]]
+<!--  in order to add all the proper categories, go to http://www.plants.am/wiki/Plant_Categories and copy/paste the contents of the page here, and then follow the easy instructions!    -->

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:12, 26 September 2009
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		+	{{Inc\|
		+	Eucommia (Greek, eu, well, and kommi, gum; alluding to the fact that the plant contains rubber). Eucommiaceae. Deciduous tree grown for its handsome foliage and also for its possibility as a hardy rubber- producing tree.
		+
		+	Branches with laminate pith: winter-buds conspicuous, with imbricate scales: Lvs. alternate, petioled, serrate, without stipules: fls. dioecious, without perianth, solitary in the axils of bracts at the base of the young shoots and precocious; staminate fls. pedicelled; stamens 6-10 with very short filaments and elongated linear anthers; pistillate fls. short-pedicelled with a 1-celled, 2-ovuled stipitate ovary, bifid at the apex, the lobes stigmatic on the inside: fr. a compressed winged nutlet.—-One species in Cent. China, not closely related to any other genus; it was first placed with the Trochodendraceae or Magnoliaceae and afterward with the Hamamelidaceae, but is now generally considered as representing a distinct family allied to the last named.
		+
		+	Eucommia is an upright-growing vigorous tree with rather large elliptic dark green foliage, inconspicuous precocious flowers and winged fruits; in habit and foliage it resembles somewhat an elm tree. In China the bark is a most valued medicine. The tree contains rubber in all its parts, particularly in the young growth and in the bark. Though the rubber has proved to be of good quality, it is apparently difficult of extraction and not present in sufficient quantity to make the commercial exploitation of the tree pay; therefore the Lopes which have been set in this "hardy rubber tree" will probably never realize. The tree has proved perfectly hardy as far north as Massachusetts and grows well in a loamy humid soil. Propagation is by seeds and by greenwood cuttings under glass.
		+
		+	}}
	{{Taxobox		{{Taxobox
	\| color = lightgreen		\| color = lightgreen