Forsythia - Revision history

Raffi at 03:29, 30 July 2010

2010-07-30T03:29:11Z

Rajgopal at 03:37, 22 July 2010

2010-07-22T03:37:24Z

Raffi at 19:07, 17 August 2009

2009-08-17T19:07:52Z

Christi at 08:32, 14 August 2009

2009-08-14T08:32:09Z

Christi at 08:26, 14 August 2009

2009-08-14T08:26:19Z

Envoy at 20:11, 9 November 2007

2007-11-09T20:11:53Z

New page

{{otheruses}}
{{Taxobox
| color = lightgreen
| name = Forsythia
| image = Forsythia close-up 2 cropped.jpg
| image_width = 240px
| image_caption = ''Forsythia x intermedia''
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Lamiales]]
| familia = [[Oleaceae]]
| genus = '''''Forsythia'''''
| genus_authority = [[Martin Vahl|Vahl]]
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
See text.
}}

'''Forsythia''' is both the common name and botanical name of a [[plant]] genus belonging to the [[Oleaceae]] (Olive family). It is named after [[William Forsyth]], and comprises six species of [[deciduous]] [[shrub]]s to 3-6 m tall, mostly native to [[Asia]], but one native to southeastern [[Europe]].

The [[leaf|leaves]] are opposite, usually simple but sometimes trifoliate with a basal pair of small leaflets, and range from 4-12 cm long; the margin is serrated. The [[flower]]s are produced in the early spring before the leaves, bright yellow with four petals. The [[fruit]] is a dry capsule, containing several winged [[seed]]s.

Forsythias are used as food plants by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] species including [[Brown-tail]] and [[Gothic (moth)|The Gothic]].

The species are:
*''[[Forsythia europaea]]'', from the [[Balkans]]
*''[[Forsythia giraldiana]]'', from northwest [[China]]
*''[[Forsythia japonica]]'' from [[Japan]]
*''[[Forsythia ovata]]'', from [[Korea]]
*''[[Forsythia suspensa]]'', from [[China]]
*''[[Forsythia viridissima]]'', from [[China]]

The [[hybrid]]s ''Forsythia × intermedia'' (''F. suspensa'' × ''F. viridissima'') and ''Forsythia × variabilis'' (''F. ovata'' × ''F. suspensa'') have been produced in cultivation.

===Cultivation and uses===
Forsythias are popular early spring flowering shrubs in [[garden]]s and [[park]]s. Two are commonly cultivated for ornament, ''Forsythia × intermedia'' and ''Forsythia suspensa''. They are both spring flowering shrubs, with yellow flowers. They are grown and prized for being tough, reliable garden plants. ''Forsythia × intermedia'' is the more commonly grown, is smaller, has an upright habit, and produces strongly coloured flowers. ''Forsythia suspensa'' is a large to very large shrub, can be grown as a weeping shrub on banks, and has paler flowers. Many named garden [[cultivar]]s can also be found.

Commercial [[plant propagation|propagation]] is usually by [[cuttings]], taken from green wood after flowering in late spring to early summer; alternatively, cuttings may be taken between November and February.

''F. suspensa'' (Chinese: [[wikt:连|连]][[wikt:翘|翘]]; pinyin: liánqiào) is considered one of the 50 fundamental herbs in [[Chinese herbology]]. Forsythia sticks are used to bow a Korean string instrument called ''[[ajaeng]]''.

Forsythia sometimes planted in the [[median strip]]s of divided highways to block headlamp glare and to beautify the highways while in bloom. The plant requires little attention and can grow to sizable proportions capable of stopping small vehicles which run off the road.

===Gallery===

<gallery>
Image:Tree dsc00856.jpg|A Forsythia shrub
Image:Forsythia.x.intermedia03.jpg|''Forsythia × intermedia'' flowers and young leaves
Image:forsythia001.jpg|Forsythia flowers
Image:ForsythiaFlower.png|A Forsythia flower
Image:Forsythia 50years.jpg|A 50-year old Forsythia shrub in [[Maryland]]
</gallery>

==External links==
{{Commons|Forsythia}}
*[http://www.bbc.co.uk/gardening/basics/techniques/propagation_takesummercuttings.shtml BBC - summer cuttings]
*[http://www.bbc.co.uk/gardening/plants/plant_finder/plant_pages/3306.shtml BBC - Forsythia page]
*[http://www.rhs.org.uk/WhatsOn/gardens/wisley/archive/wisleypom03mar.asp Royal Horticultural Society]
*[http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/species/frame/fovi.htm ''Forsythia viridissima'' images at bioimages.vanderbilt.edu]
*[http://landscaping.about.com/cs/shrubsbushes/p/forsythia.htm Forsythia Shrubs]

[[Category:Medicinal plants]]
[[Category:Oleaceae]]

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 |Temp Metric=°F
 |jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
-|image=Upload.png
+|image=Forsythia flower.JPG
 |image_width=240
 }}
-__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
+'''''Forsythia''''' ({{pron-en|fɔrˈsɪθiə}})<ref>''Sunset Western Garden Book,'' 1995:606–607</ref> is a genus of [[flowering plant]]s in the family [[Oleaceae]] (olive family). There are about 11 species, mostly native to eastern [[Asia]], but one native to southeastern [[Europe]]. The common name is also '''Forsythia'''; the genus is named after [[William Forsyth (botanist)|William Forsyth]].<ref name=foc>Flora of China: [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=112951 ''Forsythia'']</ref><ref name=fe>Flora Europaea: [http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Forsythia&SPECIES_XREF=&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK= ''Forsythia'']</ref><ref name=stabg>St Andrews Botanic Garden: [http://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/~gdk/stabotanic/aprilpom.htm Plant of the Month: ''Forsythia'']</ref>
-| name = ''LATINNAME''   <!--- replace LATINNAME with the actual latin name -->
-| common_names =     <!--- if multiple, list all, if none, leave blank -->
+They are [[deciduous]] [[shrub]]s typically growing to a height of {{nowrap|1&ndash;3 m}} {{nowrap|(3&ndash;9 ft.)}} and, rarely, up to {{nowrap|6 m (18 ft.),}} with rough grey-brown [[bark]]. The [[leaf|leaves]] are opposite, usually simple but sometimes trifoliate with a basal pair of small leaflets, and range from {{nowrap|2&ndash;10 cm (1&ndash;4 in.)}} in length and, rarely, up to {{nowrap|15 cm (6 in.)}} long; the margin is serrated or entire. The [[flower]]s are produced in the early spring before the leaves, bright yellow with a deeply four-lobed [[Corolla (flower)|corolla]], the petals joined only at the base. These become pendant in rainy weather thus shielding the reproductive parts. The Forsythia's flowers are impressive with the fact that they are able to produce [[lactose]] (the [[milk]] sugar). Lactose is very rarely established in other natural sources except [[milk]]. The actual [[fruit]] is a dry capsule, containing several winged [[seed]]s.<ref name=foc/><ref name=rhs>Huxley, A., ed. (1992). ''New RHS Dictionary of Gardening''. Macmillan ISBN 0-333-47494-5.</ref>
-| growth_habit = ?   <!--- tree, shrub, herbaceous, vine, etc -->
 {{Inc|
 Forsythia (after William Forsyth, prominent English horticulturist, director of the Royal Garden at Kensington, 1737-1804). Oleaceae. Golden- Bell. Shrubs grown for their wealth of bright yellow flowers appearing early in spring, also for their handsome dark green foliage.
@@ Line 56: / Line 34: @@
 ==Species==
 The 6 species are{{wp}}:
-*''[[Forsythia europaea]]'', from the [[Balkans]]
+*''[[Forsythia europaea]]'' Degen & Bald. [[Balkans]] in [[Albania]] and [[Serbia]].
-*''[[Forsythia giraldiana]]'', from northwest [[China]]
+*''[[Forsythia giraldiana]]'' Lingelsh. Northwest [[China]].
-*''[[Forsythia japonica]]'' from [[Japan]]
+*''[[Forsythia japonica]]'' Makino. [[Japan]].
 *''[[Forsythia ovata]]'', from [[Korea]]
 *''[[Forsythia suspensa]]'', from [[China]]
 *''[[Forsythia viridissima]]'', from [[China]]
-The [[hybrid]]s ''Forsythia × intermedia'' (''F. suspensa'' × ''F. viridissima'') and ''Forsythia × variabilis'' (''F. ovata'' × ''F. suspensa'') have been produced in cultivation.
+Hybrids:
 ==Gallery==
@@ Line 85: / Line 70: @@
 *{{wplink}}
-{{stub}}
+__NOTOC__

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:37, 22 July 2010
Line 1:		Line 1:
		+	{{SPlantbox
		+	\|familia=Oleaceae
		+	\|genus=Forsythia
		+	\|Temp Metric=°F
		+	\|jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
		+	\|image=Upload.png
		+	\|image_width=240
		+	}}
	__NOTOC__{{Plantbox		__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
	\| name = ''LATINNAME'' <!--- replace LATINNAME with the actual latin name -->		\| name = ''LATINNAME'' <!--- replace LATINNAME with the actual latin name -->

@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 The golden-bells are highly ornamental, free-flowering shrubs, with simple or ternate leaves and showy yellow flowers, borne in great profusion along the slender branches in early spring before the leaves. They belong to the showiest early - flowering shrubs, and showy yellow flowers, borne in great profusion along the slender branches in early spring before the leaves. They belong to the showiest early-flowering shrubs, and have handsome, clean foliage, remarkably free from insects or fungi, remaining unchanged until late in fall. The upright forms are well adapted for the borders of shrubberies and the pendulous form for covering walls, fences, arbors or porches. They grow in almost any kind of garden soil, and are hardy North except F. viridissima, which is somewhat tenderer. Propagation is readily by greenwood and hardwood cuttings; also by seeds. The branches of the pendulous form often take root at the tips when touching the ground, and send forth vigorous shoots, like some brambles or the walking-fern.
 }}
 {{otheruses}}

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:26, 14 August 2009
Line 1:		Line 1:
		+	{{Inc\|
		+	Forsythia (after William Forsyth, prominent English horticulturist, director of the Royal Garden at Kensington, 1737-1804). Oleaceae. Golden- Bell. Shrubs grown for their wealth of bright yellow flowers appearing early in spring, also for their handsome dark green foliage.
		+
		+	Deciduous: lvs. opposite, petioled, serrate or entire, simple or partly 3-parted to 3-foliolate: fls. 1-6, axillary, pedicelled, heterostylous; calyx and corolla deeply 4-lobed, lobes of the corolla oblong, longer than the campanulate tube; stamens 2, included, inserted at the base of the corolla; ovary superior; style slender with 2-lobed stigma: fr. a 2- celled, dehiscent caps, with many winged seeds.— Four species in China, Japan and S. E. Eu.
		+
		+	The golden-bells are highly ornamental, free-flowering shrubs, with simple or ternate leaves and showy yellow flowers, borne in great profusion along the slender branches in early spring before the leaves. They belong to the showiest early - flowering shrubs, and showy yellow flowers, borne in great profusion along the slender branches in early spring before the leaves. They belong to the showiest early-flowering shrubs, and have handsome, clean foliage, remarkably free from insects or fungi, remaining unchanged until late in fall. The upright forms are well adapted for the borders of shrubberies and the pendulous form for covering walls, fences, arbors or porches. They grow in almost any kind of garden soil, and are hardy North except F. viridissima, which is somewhat tenderer. Propagation is readily by greenwood and hardwood cuttings; also by seeds. The branches of the pendulous form often take root at the tips when touching the ground, and send forth vigorous shoots, like some brambles or the walking-fern.
		+	}}
	{{otheruses}}		{{otheruses}}
	{{Taxobox		{{Taxobox

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Inc|
 Forsythia (after William Forsyth, prominent English horticulturist, director of the Royal Garden at Kensington, 1737-1804). Oleaceae. Golden- Bell. Shrubs grown for their wealth of bright yellow flowers appearing early in spring, also for their handsome dark green foliage.
@@ Line 7: / Line 34: @@
 F. giraldiana, Lingelah. Upright shrub: lvs. elliptic to oblong, long-acuminate, broadly cuneate at the base, entire or serrulate, glabrous or hairy on the veins beneath, 2-5 in. long: fls. short-stalked: caps, ovoid with a long and slender beak. N. W. China.
+{{SCH}}
 }}
-'''Forsythia''' is both the common name and botanical name of a [[plant]] genus belonging to the [[Oleaceae]] (Olive family). It is named after [[William Forsyth]], and comprises six species of [[deciduous]] [[shrub]]s to 3-6 m tall, mostly native to [[Asia]], but one native to southeastern [[Europe]].
+==Cultivation==
+{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
-Forsythias are used as food plants by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] species including [[Brown-tail]] and [[Gothic (moth)|The Gothic]].
+===Propagation===
-The species are:
+==Species==
 *''[[Forsythia europaea]]'', from the [[Balkans]]
 *''[[Forsythia giraldiana]]'', from northwest [[China]]
@@ Line 46: / Line 57: @@
 The [[hybrid]]s ''Forsythia × intermedia'' (''F. suspensa'' × ''F. viridissima'') and ''Forsythia × variabilis'' (''F. ovata'' × ''F. suspensa'') have been produced in cultivation.
-===Cultivation and uses===
+==Gallery==
-Forsythias are popular early spring flowering shrubs in [[garden]]s and [[park]]s. Two are commonly cultivated for ornament, ''Forsythia × intermedia'' and ''Forsythia suspensa''. They are both spring flowering shrubs, with yellow flowers. They are grown and prized for being tough, reliable garden plants. ''Forsythia × intermedia'' is the more commonly grown, is smaller, has an upright habit, and produces strongly coloured flowers. ''Forsythia suspensa'' is a large to very large shrub, can be grown as a weeping shrub on banks, and has paler flowers. Many named garden [[cultivar]]s can also be found.
+{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->
 <gallery>
@@ Line 64: / Line 67: @@
 Image:Forsythia 50years.jpg|A 50-year old Forsythia shrub in [[Maryland]]<!--attribution required: see image description page at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/image:Forsythia 50years.jpg-->
 </gallery>
 ==External links==
-{{Commons|Forsythia}}
+*{{wplink}}
-*[http://www.bbc.co.uk/gardening/basics/techniques/propagation_takesummercuttings.shtml BBC - summer cuttings]
-*[http://www.bbc.co.uk/gardening/plants/plant_finder/plant_pages/3306.shtml BBC - Forsythia page]
+{{stub}}
-*[http://www.rhs.org.uk/WhatsOn/gardens/wisley/archive/wisleypom03mar.asp Royal Horticultural Society]
+[[Category:Categorize]]
-[[Category:Medicinal plants]]
+<!--  in order to add all the proper categories, go to http://www.plants.am/wiki/Plant_Categories and copy/paste the contents of the page here, and then follow the easy instructions!    -->