https://gardenology.mywikis.net/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Greater_burdock 2026-04-12T09:51:26Z Revision history for this page on the wiki MediaWiki 1.35.3 https://gardenology.mywikis.net/w/index.php?title=Greater_burdock&diff=9981&oldid=prev 2007-10-14T17:40:06Z

<p></p> <p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Taxobox<br /> | color = lightgreen<br /> | name = Burdock<br /> | image = Arctium lappa 03 bgiu.jpg<br /> | image_width = 250px<br /> | image_caption = Greater Burdock<br /> | regnum = [[Plant]]ae<br /> | divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]<br /> | classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]<br /> | ordo = [[Asterales]]<br /> | familia = [[Asteraceae]]<br /> | genus = ''[[Arctium]]''<br /> | species = '''''A. lappa'''''<br /> | binomial = ''Arctium lappa''<br /> | binomial_authority = [[L.]]<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Greater burdock''', '''Edible burdock''', or '''Lappa Burdock''' is a [[biennial]] of the ''Arctium'' ([[burdock]]) [[genus]] in the [[Asteraceae]] family, cultivated in gardens for its root used as a [[vegetable]].<br /> <br /> ==Description==<br /> Greater Burdock is rather tall, reaching as much as 2 metres. It has large, alternating, cordiform leaves that have a long [[petiole]] and are pubescent on the underside. <br /> <br /> The flowers are purple and grouped in globular [[capitulum|capitula]], united in clusters. They appear in mid-summer.<br /> The capitula are surrounded by an [[involucre]] made out of many [[bract]]s, each curving to form a hook, allowing them to be carried long distances on the fur of animals. The fruits are [[achene]]s; they are long, comprimated, with short [[pappus]]es.<br /> <br /> The root is pivotant, fleshy, reaching a length of 50 cm.<br /> <br /> ==Origin and distribution==<br /> This species is native to the temperate regions of the old world, from [[Scandinavia]] to the [[Mediterranean]], and from the [[British Isles]] through [[Russia]], and the [[Middle East]] to [[China]] and [[Japan]], including [[India]]. It is naturalized almost everywhere and is usually found in disturbed areas, especially in soil rich in nitrogen.<br /> <br /> ==Cultivation==<br /> It prefers a fresh, worked soil, rich in humus, and should be positioned in full sunlight. Burdock is very reactive to nitrogen fertilizer. Propagation is achieved through [[direct sow|direct sowing]] the seeds midsummer. The harvest occurs three to four months after the seeding until late autumn, when the roots become too fibrous.<br /> <br /> ==Usage==<br /> Greater burdock was used during the [[Middle Ages]] as a vegetable, but now it is rarely used, with the exception of [[Japanese cuisine|Japan]] where is called ''gobo'' (牛蒡 or ゴボウ) as well as in [[Italy]] and [[Portugal]], where it is known as ''bardana''. Plants are cultivated for their slender roots, which can grow about 1 meter long and 2 cm across. <br /> <br /> Folk herbalists consider dried burdock to be a [[diuretic]], [[diaphoretic]], and a [[blood]] purifying agent. The seeds of Greater Burdock are used in [[traditional Chinese medicine]], under the name ''niupangzi'' ({{zh-cp|c=牛蒡子|p=niúpángzi}}; Some dictionaries list the Chinese as just 牛蒡 niúbàng.)<br /> <br /> Immature flower stalks may also be harvested in late spring, before flowers appear; the taste resembles that of [[artichoke]], to which the burdock is related. <br /> <br /> In the second half of the 20th century, burdock achieved international recognition for its culinary use due to the increasing popularity of the [[macrobiotic diet]], which advocates its consumption. The root contains a fair amount of gobo [[dietary fiber]] (GDF, 6g per 100g), calcium, potassium, amino acids,[http://www.nikkeibp.co.jp/wcs/leaf/CID/onair/kenkou/plus/419412] and is also low calorie. It also contains [[polyphenol]]s that causes darkened surface and muddy harshness by formation of [[tannin]]-iron complexes. <br /> <br /> The root is very crisp and has a sweet, mild, and pungent flavor with a little muddy harshness that can be reduced by soaking julienned/shredded roots in water for five to ten minutes. However, the harshness shows excellent harmonization with pork in miso soup ([[tonjiru]]) and Japanese-style [[pilaf]] ([[takikomi gohan]]). <br /> <br /> A popular Japanese dish is ''[[kinpira]] gobo'', julienned or shredded burdock root and carrot, braised with soy sauce, sugar, mirin and/or sake, and sesame oil; another is burdock [[sushi|makizushi]] (sushi filled with pickled burdock root rather than fish; the burdock root is often artificially colored orange to resemble a carrot). In [[Kyoto]], gobo can also be found as a snack food similar to [[potato chips]]. The root is eaten cooked and the young sprout can be eaten just like [[asparagus]].<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> [[Image:Arctium_lappa02.jpg|thumb|left|300px|Inflorescence]]<br /> {{commons|Arctium lappa}}<br /> {{wikiversity-bc|Arctium lappa}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Root vegetables]]<br /> [[Category:Asteraceae]]<br /> [[Category:Japanese ingredients]]</div>

Envoy