Mulberry - Revision history

Raffi: /* Propagation */

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Propagation

Murali.lalitha at 19:10, 7 January 2010

2010-01-07T19:10:02Z

Raffi at 02:10, 27 October 2009

2009-10-27T02:10:54Z

Raffi at 02:09, 27 October 2009

2009-10-27T02:09:20Z

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2009-03-13T19:52:54Z

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Envoy at 05:23, 27 April 2007

2007-04-27T05:23:12Z

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{{otheruses}}
{{Taxobox
| color = lightgreen
| name = Mulberry
| image = Mulberry larger.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = Ripe mulberry on tree
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| phylum = [[flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Rosales]]
| familia = [[Moraceae]]
| genus = '''''Morus'''''
| genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = See text.
}}

'''Mulberry''' ('''''Morus''''') is a genus of 10–16 species of [[deciduous]] [[tree]]s native to warm temperate and subtropical regions of [[Asia]], [[Africa]] and [[North America]], with the majority of the species native to [[Asia]].

The closely related genus ''[[Broussonetia]]'' is also commonly known as mulberry, notably the [[Paper Mulberry]] ''Broussonetia papyrifera''.

Mulberries are fast-growing when young, but soon become slow-growing and rarely exceed 10-15 m tall. The [[leaf|leaves]] are alternately arranged, simple, often lobed, more often lobed on juvenile shoots than on mature trees, and serrated on the margin. The [[fruit]] is a [[Fruit#Multiple fruit|multiple fruit]], 2-3 cm long, red ripening to dark purple, edible, and sweet with a good flavour in several species.

==Species==
The taxonomy of ''Morus'' is complex and disputed. Over 150 species names have been published, but only 10-16 are generally cited as being accepted, though different sources cite ''different'' selections of accepted names. The classification is also complicated by widespread [[hybrid]]isation, with the hybrids being fertile.

The following species are generally accepted:
*''Morus alba'' ([[White Mulberry]]; eastern Asia)
*''Morus australis'' ([[Morus australis|Chinese Mulberry]]; southeastern Asia)
*''Morus mesozygia'' ([[African Mulberry]]; southern and central Africa)
*''Morus microphylla'' ([[Texas Mulberry]]; south central North America: Texas, Mexico)
*''Morus nigra'' ([[Black Mulberry]]; southwest Asia)
*''Morus rubra'' ([[Red Mulberry]]; eastern North America)

The following, all from eastern and southern Asia, are additionally accepted by one or more taxonomic lists or studies; [[synonymy]] as given by other lists or studies is indicated in brackets:
*''Morus atropurpurea''
*''Morus bombycis'' (''M. australis'')
*''Morus cathayana''
*''Morus indica'' (''M. alba'')
*''Morus japonica'' (''M. alba'')
*''Morus kagayamae'' (''M. australis'')
*''Morus laevigata'' (''M. alba'' var. ''laevigata, M. macroura'')
*''Morus latifolia'' (''M. alba'')
*''Morus liboensis''
*''Morus macroura'' (''M. alba'' var. ''laevigata'')
*''Morus mongolica'' (''M. alba'' var. ''mongolica'')
*''Morus multicaulis'' (''M. alba'')
*''Morus notabilis''
*''Morus rotundiloba''
*''Morus serrata'' ([[Himalayan Mulberry]]; ''M. alba'' var. ''serrata'')
*''Morus tillaefolia''
*''Morus trilobata'' (''M. australis'' var. trilobata'')
*''Morus wittiorum''

==Uses and cultivation==
The fruit is edible and is widely used in pies, tarts, wines and cordials. The fruit of the Black Mulberry, native to southwest Asia, and the Red Mulberry, native to eastern North America, have the strongest flavour. The fruit of the White Mulberry, an east Asian species which is extensively naturalised in urban regions of eastern North America has a different flavour, sometimes characterised as insipid. The mature fruit contains significant amounts of [[resveratrol]].

Black, red and white Mulberry are widespread in Northern [[India]] and [[Pakistan]], where the tree and the fruit are known by the [[Persian]]-derived names ''Toot'' (Mulberry) or ''Shehtoot'' (Royal or "Superior" Mulberry). [[Jam]]s and [[sherbet]]s are often made from the fruit in this region.

Mulberry [[leaf|leaves]], particularly those of the White Mulberry[Check: maybe the black ones instead?], are also economically important as the sole food source of the [[silkworm]], the [[Pupa#Cocoon|cocoon]] of which is used to make [[silk]]. Other [[Lepidoptera]] [[larva]]e also sometimes feed on the plant including [[Common Emerald]], [[Mimas tiliae|Lime Hawk-moth]] and [[Sycamore (mot
h)|The Sycamore]].

Mulberries can be grown from seed, and this is often advised as seedling-grown trees are generally of better shape and health. However, they are most often planted from large cuttings, which take root readily.

==Mythology==
A Greek myth about [[Pyramus and Thisbe]] explains the color of the plants.

==References and external links==
*[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=121220 Flora of China: ''Morus'']
*[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=121220 Flora of North America: ''Morus'']
*[http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Morus.html University of Melbourne: Sorting ''Morus'' names]
*[http://www.museums.org.za/bio/plants/moraceae/ Museum of Cape Town: Moraceae]
*Zhao Weiguo, Pan Yile, Zhang Zhifang Jia Shihai, Miao Xuexia & Huang Yongping. 2005. Phylogeny of the genus Morus. ''African Journal of Biotechnology'' 4 (6): 563-569 [http://www.academicjournals.org/AJB/PDF/Pdf2005/Jun/Weiguo%20et%20al.pdf Online (pdf file)]

[[Category:Moraceae]]
[[Category:Fruit]]

@@ Line 48: / Line 48: @@
 ===Propagation===
-{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
+*http://homeguides.sfgate.com/start-growing-mulberry-tree-another-tree-54908.html
 ===Pests and diseases===

@@ Line 19: / Line 19: @@
 |image_caption=Ripe mulberry on tree
 }}
 '''''Morus''''' or '''Mulberry''' is a [[genus]] of 10–16 species of [[deciduous]] [[tree]]s native to warm temperate and [[subtropical]] regions of [[Asia]], [[Africa]], [[Europe]], and the [[Americas]], with the majority of the species native to [[Asia]].

@@ Line 19: / Line 19: @@
 |image_caption=Ripe mulberry on tree
 }}
-{{edit-desc}}<!--- Type GENERAL genus/plant description below this line, then delete this entire line -->
+The closely related genus ''[[Broussonetia]]'' is also commonly known as mulberry, notably the [[Paper Mulberry]], ''Broussonetia papyrifera''.
 ==Cultivation==

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
+{{SPlantbox
-| name = ''Morus''
+|familia=Moraceae
-| common_names = Mulberry
+|genus=Morus
-| growth_habit = tree
+|common_name=Mulberry
-| high =     <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
+|habit=tree
-| wide =     <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
+|Min ht box=30
-| origin =     <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
+|Min ht metric=ft
-| poisonous =     <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
+|Max ht box=40
-| lifespan = perennial
+|Max ht metric=ft
-| exposure = full sun
+|lifespan=perennial
-| water =     <!--- frequent, regular, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
+|exposure=sun
-| features =     <!--- flowers, fragrance, naturalizes, invasive -->
+|water=moderate
-| hardiness =     <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5[[Celsius|°C]], etc -->
+|features=edible, fruit
-| bloom =     <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
+|Temp Metric=°F
-| usda_zones =     <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
+|min_zone=5
-| sunset_zones = vary by species
+|max_zone=9
-| color = IndianRed
+|image=Mulberry larger.jpg
-| image = Mulberry larger.jpg
+|image_width=240
-| image_width = 250px
+|image_caption=Ripe mulberry on tree
 }}
 {{edit-desc}}<!--- Type GENERAL genus/plant description below this line, then delete this entire line -->
 ==Cultivation==
 {{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
@@ Line 114: / Line 91: @@
 {{stub}}
-[[Category:Categorize]]
+__NOTOC__

@@ Line 100: / Line 100: @@
 <gallery>
-Image:Upload.png| photo 1
+Image:Morus-alba.jpg| White mulberry
-Image:Upload.png| photo 2
+Image:Morus alba fruits.jpg|Ripening fruit of a wild color-like variety
-Image:Upload.png| photo 3
+Image:Red Mulberry Leaf Topside 600.jpg| Red Mulberry leaf
 </gallery>