Passiflora caerulea - Revision history

Raffi at 05:52, 23 June 2009

2009-06-23T05:52:06Z

Kpdhage at 14:38, 22 June 2009

2009-06-22T14:38:58Z

Raffi: sunset

2009-03-14T18:20:06Z

sunset

Raffi: flowers

2009-03-14T15:20:35Z

flowers

Raffi: template

2009-03-14T15:18:57Z

template

Raffi at 15:46, 11 February 2008

2008-02-11T15:46:28Z

New page

{{Taxobox
| color = lightgreen
| name = Blue Passion Flower
| image = South Central Farm 45.jpg
| image_width = 240px
| image_caption = ''Passiflora caerulea'' in flower
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Malpighiales]]
| familia = [[Passifloraceae]]
| genus = ''[[Passiflora]]''
| species = '''''P. caerulea'''''
| binomial = ''Passiflora caerulea''
| binomial_authority = L.
}}

The '''Blue Passion Flower''' (''Passiflora caerulea''), also known as the '''Common Passion Flower''', is a [[vine]] native to southern [[Brazil]] and [[Argentina]] (where it is known as the ''Pasionaria'' or ''Mburucuyá'' in [[Guaraní]]). These names may also be applied to [[Passiflora edulis]] sometimes known as the ''passionfruit'.

It is popular with gardeners because of its intricate, scented [[flower]]s that have an almost plastic-looking appearance. The unusual shape of the flowers has led to the plant being associated in [[Christianity|Christian]] symbolism with the passion of [[Jesus]]; the three stigmas representing the three [[nail (engineering)|nail]]s used to nail Jesus to the [[crucifixion|cross]], the [[ovary (plants)|ovary]] and its stalk represent the chalice of the [[Last Supper]], the five [[anther]]s represent the five [[wound]]s, the corona represents the [[crown of thorns]], the ten 'petals' (actually five petals and five sepals) the [[Twelve apostles|apostles]] (save [[Judas Iscariot|Judas]] the traitor and [[St Peter|Peter]] the denyer); the old leaves also represent the hands of those who persecuted him, the young leaves the point of the lance used to stab him, and the tendrils the whips of those who beat him.

===Description===
A woody vine capable of growing to 15–20 m height where supporting [[tree]]s are available. The [[leaf|leaves]] are alternate, palmately five-lobed like a spread [[hand]] (sometimes three or seven lobes), 10–18 cm long and wide. The base of each leaf has a flagellate twining tendril 5–10 cm long, which twines round supporting vegetation to hold the plant up.

The [[flower]] is complex, about 10 cm diameter, with the five sepals and petals similar in appearance, whitish in colour, surmounted by a corona of blue or violet filaments, then five greenish-yellow [[stamen]]s and three purple [[carpel|stigma]]s. Usually fragrant. The [[fruit]] is an oval orange-yellow [[berry]] 6 cm long by 4 cm diameter, containing numerous [[seed]]s; it is eaten and the seeds spread by [[mammal]]s and [[bird]]s. In tropical climates it will flower all year round.

===[[Cultivars]]===
*''' 'Chinensis' '''. Corona filaments paler blue.
*''' 'Constance Elliott' '''. Was raised by Kucombe and Prince in Exeter, Great Britain. It has pure white, fragrant flowers. Not as free flowering as many other [[Cloning|clones]].
*''' 'Grandiflora' '''. Flowers to 20 cm in diamter.
*''' 'Hartwiesiana' '''. Flowers white.
*''' 'Regnellii' '''. Has very long corona filaments.

The species has been used in numerous [[Hybrid (biology)|hybrids]].

===Cultivation and uses===
It is cultivated worldwide. Even though the fruit is edible, it is rather insipid when eaten raw. It can substitute for blackberries. More palatable is the fruit of the [[Passiflora edulis]] which is sweet and acidic. A [[tea]] can be made of the flower and is said to alleviate stress and [[anxiety]]. However, [[cyanogenic glycoside]] (breaks down into cyanide) has been found in the leaves. It is possible to boil away most of the cyanide.
{{commons}}

<gallery>
Image:Passionfruit flower.JPG|Flower
Image:Passiflora caerulea 'Constance Elliot'.jpg|''P. caerulea'' 'Constance Elliott'
Image:PassifloraCaerulea-bud-100k.jpg|Flower bud
Image:PassifloraCaerulea-overv-100k.jpg|plant growing on a wall
Image:Passiflora caerulea (2005 10 08) - vrucht open (2).jpg|fruit
</gallery>

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOTOC__{{Plantbox
 | name = ''Passiflora ''
@@ Line 48: / Line 29: @@
 | cultivar =
 }}
-{{edit-desc}}<!--- Type GENERAL genus/plant description below this line, then delete this entire line -->
+{{Inc|
 Dies to ground in cold winter areas.

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:38, 22 June 2009
Line 1:		Line 1:
		+	{{Inc\|
		+	Passiflora caerulea, Linn. Fig. 2772. Slender, but a strong
		+	grower, glabrous and somewhat glaucous: lvs. divided nearly to the
		+	petiole into 5 lanceolate or lance-elliptic entire sharp-pointed
		+	segms. of which the 2 lower ones are sometimes again lobed: fl. 3-4
		+	in. across, slightly fragrant, greenish white, the sepals tipped with
		+	a short point, the rays of the corona in 2 series, blue at the tip,
		+	white in the middle and purple at the base, the styles light purple.
		+	Brazil. B.M. 28. Gn. 31, p. 421; 34, p. 114; 46, p. 369. G. 3:611.
		+	J.H. III. 47:57.— The commonest of passion-flowers in American
		+	greenhouses, and now represented by several named forms and hybrids.
		+	It can be grown in the open in the S. and in Calif, as far north as
		+	San Francisco. Var. grandiflora, Hort., is only a somewhat
		+	larger-fld. form. Constance Elliott (P. caerulea var. alba}, is a
		+	white-fld. fragrant form. G.C. III. 43:186. Gn. 31:420. There are
		+	hybrids with P. Raddiana, P. racemosa, P. alata, and others. P.
		+	caerulea grows readily from seeds.
		+	}}
		+
	__NOTOC__{{Plantbox		__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
	\| name = ''Passiflora ''		\| name = ''Passiflora ''

@@ Line 14: / Line 14: @@
 | bloom =     <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
 | usda_zones =     <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
-| sunset_zones =     <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
+| sunset_zones = 5-9, 12-29
 | color = IndianRed
 | image = South Central Farm 45.jpg
@@ Line 31: / Line 31: @@
 {{edit-desc}}<!--- Type GENERAL genus/plant description below this line, then delete this entire line -->
 :''More information about this species can be found on the [[Passiflora|genus page]].''

@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 | exposure = full sun
 | water = regular to moderate
-| features =     <!--- flowers, fragrance, naturalizes, invasive -->
+| features = flowers
 | hardiness =     <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5[[Celsius|°C]], etc -->
 | bloom =     <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Taxobox
+__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
-| color = lightgreen
+| name = ''Passiflora ''
-| name = Blue Passion Flower
+| common_names = Blue Passion Flower, Common Passion Flower
 | image = South Central Farm 45.jpg
 | image_width = 240px
 | image_caption = ''Passiflora caerulea'' in flower
-| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
+| regnum = Plantae
-| divisio = [[Magnoliophyta]]
+| divisio = Magnoliophyta
-| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
+| classis = Magnoliopsida
-| ordo = [[Malpighiales]]
+| ordo = Malpighiales
-| familia = [[Passifloraceae]]
+| familia = Passifloraceae
-| genus = ''[[Passiflora]]''
+| genus = Passiflora
-| species = '''''P. caerulea'''''
+| species =
-| binomial = ''Passiflora caerulea''
+| subspecies =
-| binomial_authority = L.
+| cultivar =
 }}
-It is popular with gardeners because of its intricate, scented [[flower]]s that have an almost plastic-looking appearance. The unusual shape of the flowers has led to the plant being associated in [[Christianity|Christian]] symbolism with the passion of [[Jesus]]; the three stigmas representing the three [[nail (engineering)|nail]]s used to nail Jesus to the [[crucifixion|cross]], the [[ovary (plants)|ovary]] and its stalk represent the chalice of the [[Last Supper]], the five [[anther]]s represent the five [[wound]]s, the corona represents the [[crown of thorns]], the ten 'petals' (actually five petals and five sepals) the [[Twelve apostles|apostles]] (save [[Judas Iscariot|Judas]] the traitor and [[St Peter|Peter]] the denyer); the old leaves also represent the hands of those who persecuted him, the young leaves the point of the lance used to stab him, and the tendrils the whips of those who beat him.
+:''More information about this species can be found on the [[Passiflora|genus page]].''
-===Description===
+==Cultivation==
-A woody vine capable of growing to 15&ndash;20&nbsp;m height where supporting [[tree]]s are available. The [[leaf|leaves]] are alternate, palmately five-lobed like a spread [[hand]] (sometimes three or seven lobes), 10&ndash;18&nbsp;cm long and wide. The base of each leaf has a flagellate twining tendril 5&ndash;10&nbsp;cm long, which twines round supporting vegetation to hold the plant up.
+{{monthbox
-The [[flower]] is complex, about 10 cm diameter, with the five sepals and petals similar in appearance, whitish in colour, surmounted by a corona of blue or violet filaments, then five greenish-yellow [[stamen]]s and three purple [[carpel|stigma]]s. Usually fragrant. The [[fruit]] is an oval orange-yellow [[berry]] 6 cm long by 4 cm diameter, containing numerous [[seed]]s; it is eaten and the seeds spread by [[mammal]]s and [[bird]]s. In tropical climates it will flower all year round.
+===Propagation===
-===[[Cultivars]]===
+===Pests and diseases===
 *''' 'Chinensis' '''. Corona filaments paler blue.
 *''' 'Constance Elliott' '''. Was raised by Kucombe and Prince in Exeter, Great Britain. It has pure white, fragrant flowers. Not as free flowering as many other [[Cloning|clones]].
@@ Line 34: / Line 69: @@
 The species has been used in numerous [[Hybrid (biology)|hybrids]].
-===Cultivation and uses===
+==Gallery==
 <gallery>
 Image:Passionfruit flower.JPG|Flower
 Image:Passiflora caerulea 'Constance Elliot'.jpg|''P. caerulea'' 'Constance Elliott'
 Image:PassifloraCaerulea-bud-100k.jpg|Flower bud
@@ Line 45: / Line 79: @@
 Image:Passiflora caerulea (2005 10 08) - vrucht open (2).jpg|fruit
 </gallery>