Envoy at 09:49, 23 July 2007

2007-07-23T09:49:29Z

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{{Taxobox
| color = lightgreen
| name = Leek Orchids
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Monocotyledon|Liliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Asparagales]]
| familia = [[Orchidaceae]]
| subfamilia = [[Orchidoideae]]
| tribus = Diureae
| subtribus = Prasophyllinae
| genus = '''''Prasophyllum'''''
| genus_authority = [[Robert Brown|R.Br.]], 1810
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = See text
}}

'''Prasophyllum''' is a genus in the orchid family ([[Orchidaceae]]). Species of this genus are commonly called "Leek Orchids.' .There is no designated type species. ''Prasophyllum australe'' R.Br. was designated as [[lectotype]] ({{cite journal|author = Clements, M.A. |title= Catalogue of Australian Orchidaceae|journal= Australian Orchid Research|volume= 1|issue= 109|year=1989}})

The botanical name is derived from the Greek words ''prason'' (leek) and ''phyllon'' (leaf), referring the leek-like leaf.

These deciduous terrestrial orchids occur in [[Australia]], [[Tasmania]] and a few species in [[New Zealand]], growing on poor, sandy soils in temperate heaths and grasslands.

All species have prominent subterranean, tuberous, storage organs. They are sometimes called root-stem tuberoids, because their pole incorporates stem tissues.

''Prasophyllum'' species grow in mycorrhizal associations with the fungus [[Ceratobasidium]].

One can recognize the genus easily by the hollow, sheathing [[leaf]] through which the inflorescence, a [[spike]] of small inverted flowers, emerges. But many of the species are not easy to determine. Many species only flower following summer fires.

The whitish [[flower]]s are tinged or streaked with pink or green. Most of these species are fragrant. They are [[pollination|pollinated]] by insects. Interspecific [[hybridization]] is very common. Flowers from the spike can characteristics of different species.

The [[sepal]]s and [[petal]]s are narrow and inconspicuous. This makes them not very popular amongst orchid hunters.

The [[labellum|lip]] on the upper side of the flower is broad and slightly waved at the edge, often bearing an inner plate. This lip can be rigid and sessile or on a short claw. Some species have secretory tissue associated with the base of the labellum. The column is very short.

== Species ==
About 110 species.

The genus is divided in several sections : Bifida, Genoplesium, Integra, Podochilus, Prasophyllum.

''[[Genoplesium]]'' and ''Prasophyllum'' belong to the same lineage in the cladistic tree. ''Genoplesium'' is cladistically close to ''Prasophyllum'', which brings into doubt its status as a segregate genus

* ''[[Prasophyllum affine]]'' Lindl. (1840)
* ''[[Prasophyllum album]]'' R.S.Rogers, (1909)
* ''[[Prasophyllum alpestre]]'' D.L.Jones, (1998)
* ''[[Prasophyllum alpinum]]'' R.Br. (1810) : Alpine Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum amoenum]]'' D.L.Jones (1998)
* ''[[Prasophyllum antennatum]]'' M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones (1989)
* ''[[Prasophyllum apoxychilum]]'' D.L.Jones (1998)
* ''[[Prasophyllum australe]]'' R.Br. (1810) : Southern Leek Orchid, Austral Leek orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum bagoense]]'' D.L.Jones (2000)
* ''[[Prasophyllum brevilabre]]'' (Lindl.) Hook.f. (1858)
* ''[[Prasophyllum brownii]]'' Rchb.f. (1871) : Christmas Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum buftonianum]]'' J.H.Willis (1953)
* ''[[Prasophyllum calcicola]]'' R.J.Bates (1989) : Limestone Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum campestre]]'' R.J.Bates & D.L.Jones (1991)
* ''[[Prasophyllum canaliculatum]]'' D.L.Jones (1997)
* ''[[Prasophyllum candidum]]'' R.J.Bates & D.L.Jones (1991)
* ''[[Prasophyllum caricetum]]'' D.L.Jones (2000)
* ''[[Prasophyllum castaneum]]'' D.L.Jones (1998)
* ''[[Prasophyllum caudiculum]]'' D.L.Jones (2000)
* ''[[Prasophyllum chasmogamum]]'' R.J.Bates & D.L.Jones (1991)
* ''[[Prasophyllum colensoi]]'' Hook.f. (1853)
* ''[[Prasophyllum concinnum]]'' Nicholls (1948) : Trim Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum constrictum]]'' R.S.Rogers (1909)
* ''[[Prasophyllum correctum]]'' D.L.Jones, (1994)
* ''[[Prasophyllum crebriflorum]]'' D.L.Jones (2003)
* ''[[Prasophyllum cucullatum]]'' Rchb.f. (1871) : Hooded Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum cyphochilum]]'' Benth. (1873) : Pouched Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum diversiflorum]]'' Nicholls, (1942) : Gorae Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum dossenum]]'' R.J.Bates & D.L.Jones, (1991)
* ''[[Prasophyllum drummondii]]'' Rchb.f. (1871) : Swamp Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum elatum]]'' R.Br.. Tall Leek Orchid, Piano Orchid (one of the largest terrestrial orchids of Australia)
* ''[[Prasophyllum exiguum]]'' Rupp (1948)
* ''[[Prasophyllum exile]]'' D.L.Jones & R.J.Bates (1991)
* ''[[Prasophyllum favonium]]'' D.L.Jones (1998)
* ''[[Prasophyllum fecundum]]'' R.J.Bates (1989)
* ''[[Prasophyllum fimbria]]'' Rchb.f. (1871) : Fringed Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum fitzgeraldii]]'' R.S.Rogers & Maiden (1909)
* ''[[Prasophyllum flavum]]'' R.Br. (1810) : Yellow Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum fosteri]]'' D.L.Jones (2000)
* ''[[Prasophyllum frenchii]]'' F.Muell. (1889) : Maroon Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum fuscum]]'' R.Br. (1810) : Tailed Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum gibbosum]]'' R.Br. (1810) : Humped Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum giganteum]]'' Lindl. (1840) : Bronze Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum goldsackii]]'' J.Z.Weber & R.J.Bates (1978)
* ''[[Prasophyllum gracillimum]]'' Nicholls (1948) : Slender Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum hectori]]'' (Buchanan) Molloy, D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem (2005)
* ''[[Prasophyllum hians]]'' Rchb.f. (1871) : Yawning Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum hygrophilum]]'' D.L.Jones & D.T.Rouse (2003)
* ''[[Prasophyllum incompositum]]'' D.L.Jones (1991)
* ''[[Prasophyllum incorrectum]]'' D.L.Jones (2003)
* ''[[Prasophyllum incurvum]]'' D.L.Jones (1998)
* ''[[Prasophyllum lanceolatum]]'' R.S.Rogers (1920)
* ''[[Prasophyllum lindleyanum]]'' Rchb.f. (1871) : Green Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum litorale]]'' R.J.Bates (1990)
* ''[[Prasophyllum macrotys]]'' Lindl. (1840) : Inland Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum milfordense]]'' D.L.Jones (1998)
* ''[[Prasophyllum mimulum]]'' D.L.Jones (2004)
* ''[[Prasophyllum mollissimum]]'' Rupp (1948)
* ''[[Prasophyllum montanum]]'' R.J.Bates & D.L.Jones (1991)
* ''[[Prasophyllum morganii]]'' Nicholls (1930) : Cobungra Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum mucronatum]]'' Rupp (1948)
* ''[[Prasophyllum murfetii]]'' D.L.Jones, (2000)
* ''[[Prasophyllum nichollsianum]]'' Rupp (1942)
* ''[[Prasophyllum niphopedium]]'' D.L.Jones (2000)
* ''[[Prasophyllum nublingii]]'' R.S.Rogers (1927)
* ''[[Prasophyllum obovatum]]'' Rupp (1948)
* ''[[Prasophyllum occidentale]]'' R.S.Rogers (1908)
* ''[[Prasophyllum occultans]]'' R.J.Bates (1989)
* ''[[Prasophyllum odoratissimum]]'' D.L.Jones (1996)
* ''[[Prasophyllum odoratum]]'' R.S.Rogers (1909) : Scented Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum olidum]]'' D.L.Jones (1998)
* ''[[Prasophyllum ovale]]'' Lindl. (1840) : Little Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum pallens]]'' D.L.Jones (2000)
* ''[[Prasophyllum pallidum]]'' Nicholls (1933) : Pale Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum parviflorum]]'' (R.S.Rogers) Nicholls (1941)
* ''[[Prasophyllum parvifolium]]'' Lindl. (1840) : Autumn Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum patens]]'' R.Br. (1810) : Broad-lip Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum paulinae]]'' D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. (1996)
* ''[[Prasophyllum perangustum]]'' D.L.Jones (1998)
* ''[[Prasophyllum petilum]]'' D.L.Jones & R.J.Bates (1991)
* ''[[Prasophyllum plumiforme]]'' Fitzg. (1882)
* ''[[Prasophyllum pruinosum]]'' R.S.Rogers (1909)
* ''[[Prasophyllum pulchellum]]'' D.L.Jones (1998)
* ''[[Prasophyllum pyriforme]]'' E.Coleman (1932)
* ''[[Prasophyllum reflexum]]'' Fitzg. (1885)
* ''[[Prasophyllum regium]]'' R.S.Rogers (1918) : King Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum retroflexum]]'' D.L.Jones (2000)
* ''[[Prasophyllum robustum]]'' (Nicholls) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones (1989)
* ''[[Prasophyllum rogersii]]'' Rupp (1928) : Marsh Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum rostratum]]'' Lindl. (1840) : Slaty Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum sargentii]]'' (Nicholls) A.S.George (1971) : Frilled Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum secutum]]'' D.L.Jones (1998)
* ''[[Prasophyllum solstitium]]'' D.L.Jones (2000)
* ''[[Prasophyllum sphacelatum]]'' D.L.Jones (1996)
* ''[[Prasophyllum spicatum]]'' R.J.Bates & D.L.Jones (1991)
* ''[[Prasophyllum stellatum]]'' D.L.Jones (1998)
* ''[[Prasophyllum striatum]]'' R.Br. (1810) : Streaked Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum suaveolens]]'' D.L.Jones & R.J.Bates (1994)
* ''[[Prasophyllum subbisectum]]'' Nicholls (1936)
* ''[[Prasophyllum suttonii]]'' Ewart & B.Rees (1912) : Mauve Leek orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum sylvestre]]'' R.J.Bates & D.L.Jones (1991)
* ''[[Prasophyllum taphanyx]]'' D.L.Jones (2004)
* ''[[Prasophyllum transversum]]'' Fitzg. (1891)
* ''[[Prasophyllum triangulare]]'' Fitzg. (1882) : Dark Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum trifidum]]'' Rupp (1941)
* ''[[Prasophyllum truncatum]]'' Lindl. (1840)
* ''[[Prasophyllum tunbridgense]]'' D.L.Jones (1998)
* ''[[Prasophyllum unicum]]'' Rupp (1942)
* ''[[Prasophyllum validum]]'' R.S.Rogers (1927) : Green Leek Orchid
* ''[[Prasophyllum wallum]]'' R.J.Bates & D.L.Jones, (1991)
* ''[[Prasophyllum wilkinsoniorum]]'' D.L.Jones, (2000)

==References==
*{{cite journal|author=Jones, D.L. |title= A taxonomic review of Prasophyllum in Tasmania|journal= Australian Orchid Research|volume= 3|issue= 95 |year = 1998}}
*{{cite journal | author =Jones, D.L. & Clements, M.A. |title= Miscellaneous nomenclature notes and changes in Australian, New Guinea and New Zealand Orchidaceae|journal = The Orchadian|volume = 15| issue = 1|page = 41|year = 2005}}

== External links ==
*[http://gutenberg.net.au/ebooks04/0400681h.html#page25 West Australian orchids]
*{{APNI | name = Prasophyllum R.Br. | id = 31251}}

[[Category: Orchid genera]]

Prasophyllum - Revision history

Envoy at 09:49, 23 July 2007