Raffi: Promenaea moved to Prosthechea: information was wrong

2009-02-05T06:17:25Z

Promenaea moved to Prosthechea: information was wrong

Envoy at 09:48, 23 July 2007

2007-07-23T09:48:24Z

New page

{{Taxobox
| color = lightgreen
| name = ''Prosthechea''
| image = Prosthechea-cochleata.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = ''Prosthechea cochleata''
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Monocotyledon|Liliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Asparagales]]
| familia = [[Orchidaceae]]
| subfamilia = [[Epidendroideae]]
| tribus = [[Epidendreae]]
| subtribus = [[Laeliinae]]
| alliance = Epidendrum
| genus = '''''Prosthechea'''''
| genus_authority = Knowles & Westc., 1838
| type_species = ''Prosthechea glauca''
| type_species_authority = Knowles & Westc. - Floral Cabinet 2: 111-112. 1838.
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
About 100 species - See text
}}

'''''Prosthechea''''' is a genus in the orchid family ([[Orchidaceae]]). The name is derived from the Greek word ''prostheke'' (appendix), referring to the appendage on the back of the [[column (botany)|column]].

The genus ''Prosthechea'' has only recently (1997; published in 1998) been reestablished by W. E. Higgins as a distinct genus (see references), but some species were later transferred to ''[[Euchile]]'' (e.g., ''Euchile mariae'' and ''Euchile citrina'') by Withner (1998). Previously, the species had been included in different genera : ''[[Anacheilium]]'', ''[[Encyclia]]'', ''[[Epidendrum]]'', ''[[Euchile]]'', ''[[Hormidium]]'' and ''[[Pollardia]]''. The status as genus was confirmed by recent data, based on molecular evidence (nuclear (nrITS) and plastid (matK and trnL-F) DNA sequence data) (C. van den Berg et al. 2000)

This a neotropical [[epiphyte|epiphytic]] genus, occurring from Florida and Mexico to tropical America.

The [[root]]s of all ''Prosthechea'' species possess a [[velamen]] (a thick sponge-like covering) differentiated into epivelamen and endovelamen. [[Flavonoid]] crystals were observed in both the roots and leaves. The erect [[Plant stem|stem]]s form flattened or thickened [[pseudobulb]]s. There are 1 to 3 terminal, sessile [[Leaf|leaves]]. The leathery blade is ovate to lanceolate.

The [[flower]]s form an apical, paniculate [[raceme]] with a [[spathe]] at the base of the inflorescence . There is a great variety in the flowers of this genus. They may be attached to the stem by a peduncle or may be sessile. They can flower on the raceme at the same time or successively. They can be resupinate (i.e. turned upside down) or not.

The [[sepal]]s are almost equal in length, while the [[petal]]s can be much slender. The [[labellum|lip]] is pressed closely (adnate to proximal) to half of the [[column (botany)|column]] and shows a [[callus]] (a stiff protuberance). The column is 3- to 5-toothed at its top.

The are four, almost equal [[pollinium|pollinia]] with an inverted egg shape. There are four stalks (or [[caudicle]]s) in two pairs. The [[rostellum|beak]] is entire, curved into a half circle and covered with viscous [[glycoside]] crystals.

The [[fruit]]s consists of ellipse-shaped to egg-shaped , 1-locular, 3-winged capsules.

== Species ==
* ''[[Prosthechea abbreviata]]'' (Schltr.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea aemula]]'' (Lindl.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea alagoensis]]'' (Pabst) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea allemanii]]'' (Barb.Rodr.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea allemanoides]]'' (Hoehne) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea aloisii]]'' (Schltr.) Dodson & Hágsater (1999).
* ''[[Prosthechea apuahuensis]]'' (Mansf.) Van den Berg (2001).
* ''[[Prosthechea arminii]]'' (Rchb.f.) Withner & P.A.Harding (2004).
* ''[[Prosthechea baculus]]'' (Rchb.f.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea barbozae]]'' Pupulin (2004).
* ''[[Prosthechea bennettii]]'' (Christenson) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea bicamerata]]'' (Rchb.f.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea boothiana]]'' (Lindl.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea brachiata]]'' (A.Rich. & Galeotti) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea brachychila]]'' (Lindl.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea brassavolae]]'' (Rchb.f.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea bulbosa]]'' (Vell.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea caetensis]]'' (Bicalho) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea calamaria]]'' (Lindl.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea campos-portoi]]'' (Pabst) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea campylostalix]]'' (Rchb.f.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea carrii]]'' V.P.Castro & Campacci (2001).
* ''[[Prosthechea chacaoensis]]'' (Rchb.f.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea chondylobulbon]]'' (A.Rich. & Galeotti) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea christyana]]'' (Rchb.f.) Garay & Withner (2001).
* ''[[Prosthechea cochleata]]'' (L.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
** ''Prosthechea cochleata'' var. cochleata.
** ''Prosthechea cochleata'' var. ''triandra'' (Ames) Hágsater (2002).
* ''[[Prosthechea concolor]]'' (Lex.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea cretacea]]'' (Dressler & G.E.Pollard) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea elisae]]'' Chiron & V.P.Castro (2003).
* ''[[Prosthechea faresiana]]'' (Bicalho) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea farfanii]]'' Christenson (2002).
* ''[[Prosthechea fausta]]'' (Rchb.f. ex [[Cogn.]]) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea favoris]]'' (Rchb.f.) Salazar & Soto Arenas (2001).
* ''[[Prosthechea fortunae]]'' (Dressler) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea fragrans]]'' (Sw.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
[[Image:Prosthechea-garciana.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Prostechea garciana]]
* ''[[Prosthechea garciana]]'' (Garay & Dunst.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea ghiesbreghtiana]]'' (A.Rich. & Galeotti) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea gilbertoi]]'' (Garay) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea glauca]]'' Knowles & Westc. (1838).
* ''[[Prosthechea glumacea]]'' (Lindl.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea grammatoglossa]]'' (Rchb.f.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea greenwoodiana]]'' (Aguirre-Olav.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea hajekii]]'' D.E.Benn. & Christenson (2001).
* ''[[Prosthechea hartwegii]]'' (Lindl.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea hastata]]'' (Lindl.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea ionocentra]]'' (Rchb.f.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea ionophlebia]]'' (Rchb.f.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea jauana]]'' (Carnevali & I.Ramírez) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea joaquingarciana]]'' Pupulin (2001).
* ''[[Prosthechea kautzkii]]'' (Pabst) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea lambda]]'' (Linden ex Rchb.f.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea latro]]'' (Rchb.f. ex Cogn.) V.P.Castro & Chiron (2003).
* ''[[Prosthechea leopardina]]'' (Rchb.f.) Dodson & Hágsater (1999).
* ''[[Prosthechea lindenii]]'' (Lindl.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea linkiana]]'' (Klotzsch) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea livida]]'' (Lindl.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998)
* ''[[Prosthechea longipes]]'' (Rchb.f.) Chiron (2005)
* ''[[Prosthechea maculosa]]'' (Ames, F.T.Hubb. & C.Schweinf.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea magnispatha]]'' (Ames, F.T.Hubb. & C.Schweinf.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea megahybos]]'' (Schltr.) Dodson & Hágsater (1999).
* ''[[Prosthechea michuacana]]'' (Lex.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998)
* ''[[Prosthechea micropus]]'' (Rchb.f.) W.E.Higgins (2005)
* ''[[Prosthechea moojenii]]'' (Pabst) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea mulasii]]'' Soto Arenas & L.Cerv. (2002 publ. 2003).
* ''[[Prosthechea neglecta]]'' Pupulin (2001).
* ''[[Prosthechea neurosa]]'' (Ames) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea obpiribulbon]]'' (Hágsater) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea ochracea]]'' (Lindl.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea ochrantha]]'' (A.Rich.) (ined.)
* ''[[Prosthechea ortizii]]'' (Dressler) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea pamplonensis]]'' (Rchb.f.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea panthera]]'' (Rchb.f.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea papilio]]'' (Vell.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea pastoris]]'' (Lex.) Espejo & López-Ferr. (2000).
* ''[[Prosthechea pringlei]]'' (Rolfe) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea prismatocarpa]]'' (Rchb.f.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea pterocarpa]]'' (Lindl.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea pulcherrima]]'' (Klotzsch) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea pulchra]]'' Dodson & W.E.Higgins (2001).
* ''[[Prosthechea punctifera]]'' (Rchb.f.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea pygmaea]]'' (Hook.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea racemifera]]'' (Dressler) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea radiata]]'' (Lindl.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea regnelliana]]'' (Hoehne & Schltr.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea rhombilabia]]'' (S.Rosillo) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea rhynchophora]]'' (A.Rich. & Galeotti) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea sceptra]]'' (Lindl.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea semiaptera]]'' (Hágsater) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea serrulata]]'' (Sw.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea sessiliflora]]'' (Edwall) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea silvana]]'' Cath. & V.P.Castro (2003).
* ''[[Prosthechea sima]]'' (Dressler) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea spondiada]]'' (Rchb.f.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea suzanensis]]'' (Hoehne) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea tardiflora]]'' Mora-Ret. ex Pupulin (2001).
* ''[[Prosthechea tigrina]]'' (Linden ex Lindl.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea tripunctata]]'' (Lindl.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea trulla]]'' (Rchb.f.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea vagans]]'' (Ames) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea varicosa]]'' (Bateman ex Lindl.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea vasquezii]]'' Christenson (2003).
* ''[[Prosthechea venezuelana]]'' (Schltr.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea vespa]]'' (Vell.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea vinacea]]'' Christenson (2003).
* ''[[Prosthechea vitellina]]'' (Lindl.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).
* ''[[Prosthechea widgrenii]]'' (Lindl.) W.E.Higgins (1997 publ. 1998).

== References ==
*{{cite journal|author=Higgins, W. E.|title= A reconsideration of the genus Prosthechea (Orchidaceae)|journal= Phytologia|volume= 82|pages= 370–383|year=1997[1998]}}
* {{cite journal|author=Van der Berg, C.|title= Nomenclatural notes on Laeliinae--III. Notes on Cattleya and Quisqueya, and a new combination in Prosthechea|journal= Lindleyana|volume= 16|issue=3:|pages=142, 143|year=2001}}
* {{cite journal|author = PIRES M.D.F.D.O.; SEMIR J.; PINNA G.F.D.A.M.D.; FELIX L.P.|title=Taxonomic separation of the genera Prosthechea and Encyclia (Laeliinae: Orchidaceae) using leaf and root anatomical features |journal = Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society| Volume= 143|issue= 3|month= November|year= 2003|pages=. 293-303}}
*{{cite journal|author = Chiron, G.R.| title = An Introduction to the Genus Prosthechea|journal = The orchid Review| volume=111|issue=1250|year = 2003}}
* {{cite journal | author=Chiron, G. R. |title= Contribution a l'etude de Prosthechea section Parviloba (Orchidaceae)|journal= Richardiana| volume= 5|issue=3|pages= 129-153|year=2005}} (in French)
*{{cite journal|author = Pabst, G. F., J. L. Moutinho, and A. V. Pinto|title= An attempt to establish the correct statement for genus Anacheilium Hoffmanns. and revision of the genus Hormidium Lindl. ex Heynh.|journal= Bradea|volume= 3|pages= 173–186|year=1981}}
[[Category:Orchid genera]]

← Older revision	Revision as of 06:17, 5 February 2009
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Prosthechea - Revision history

Raffi: Promenaea moved to Prosthechea: information was wrong

Envoy at 09:48, 23 July 2007