Solanum - Revision history

Raffi at 17:28, 1 June 2010

2010-06-01T17:28:03Z

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Murali.lalitha at 08:02, 30 May 2010

2010-05-30T08:02:23Z

Raffi at 00:34, 15 July 2009

2009-07-15T00:34:18Z

90.193.194.191 at 17:40, 14 July 2009

2009-07-14T17:40:48Z

Raffi at 13:37, 12 April 2007

2007-04-12T13:37:12Z

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{{Taxobox
| color = lightgreen
| name = ''Solanum''
| image = Solanum sodomeum.JPG
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = Fruit of ''[[Solanum linnaeanum]]''
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[flowering plants|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]]
| subclassis = [[Asteridae]]
| ordo = [[Solanales]]
| familia = [[Solanaceae]]
| genus = '''''Solanum'''''
| genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]], [[1753]]
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
See text.
}}

'''''Solanum''''' is a large, variable [[genus]] of [[annual plant]]s and [[perennial plant]]s, [[forb]]s, [[vine]]s, [[sub-shrub]]s, [[shrub]]s, and small [[tree]]s. They often have attractive fruit and flowers. Most are [[poison]]ous, but many bear edible [[fruit]]s, [[leaf|leaves]], or [[tuber]]s, and the genus includes several cultivated species, including three major food crops:
* [[Tomato]], ''Solanum lycopersicum''
* [[Potato]], ''Solanum tuberosum''
* [[Eggplant]], ''Solanum melongena''
''Solanum'' species are used as food plants by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] species - see [[list of Lepidoptera which feed on Solanum]].

== Species ==
*''[[sodaapple nightshade|S. aculeastrum]]'' - Sodaapple nightshade
*''[[sonoita nightshade|S. adscendens]]'' - Sonoita nightshade
*''[[Solanum aethiopicum|S. aethiopicum]]'' - Ethiopian nightshade or nakati
*''[[Solanum americanum|S. americanum]]'' - Purple or glossy nightshade; American black nightshade; [[Poroporo]]
*''[[Solanum arcanum|S. arcanum]]''
*''[[Poroporo|S. aviculare]]'' - [[Poroporo]]
*''[[Solanum bahamense|S. bahamense]]'' - Bahama nightshade
*''[[Solanum bulbocastanum|S. bulbocastanum]]'' - Ornamental nightshade
*''[[Solanum burbankii|S. burbankii]]'' - Wonderberry
*''[[Solanum campechiense|S. campechiense]]'' - Redberry nightshade
*''[[Solanum capsicastrum|S. capsicastrum]]'' - False Jerusalem cherry
*''[[Solanum capsicoides|S. capsicoides]]'' - Cockroach berry
*''[[Solanum cardiophyllum|S. cardiophyllum]]'' - Heartleaf nightshade
*''[[Carolina horsenettle|S. carolinense]]'' - Apple of Sodom, Horsenettle
*''[[Australian desert raisin|S. centrale]]'' - Australian desert raisin
*''[[Solanum chenopodioides|S. chenopodioides]]'' - Goosefoot nightshade
*''[[Solanum citrullifolium|S. citrullifolium]]'' - Watermelon nightshade
*''[[Solanum clokeyi|S. clokeyi]]'' - Clokey's nightshade
[[Image:Solanum melongena0.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Eggplant (''Solanum melongena'') ]]
*''[[Solanum commersonii|S. commersonii]]'' - Commerson's nightshade
*''[[Solanum conocarpum|S. conocarpum]]'' - Marron bacoba
*''[[Solanum crispum|S. crispum]]'' - Chilean potato vine
*''[[Solanum davisensen|S. davisensen]]'' - Davis horsenettle
*''[[Solanum demissum|S. demissum]]'' - Dwarf wild potato
*''[[Solanum dimidiatum|S. dimidiatum]]'' - Torrey's nightshade
*''[[Solanum diphyllum|S. diphyllum]]'' - Twinleaf nightshade
*''[[Solanum donianum|S. donianum]]'' - Mullein nightshade
*''[[Solanum douglasii|S. douglasii]]'' - Greenspot nightshade
*''[[Solanum drymophilum|S. drymophilum]]'' - Erubia
*''[[Solanum dulcamara|S. dulcamara]]'' - Bittersweet
*''[[Solanum elaeagnifolium|S. elaeagnifolium]]'' - Silverleaf nightshade
*''[[Potato bush|S. ellipticum]]'' - Potato bush
*''[[potato tree|S. erianthum]]'' - Mullein nightshade, Potato tree
*''[[Fendler's horsenettle | S. fendleri]]'' - Fendler's horsenettle
*''[[Hairy-fruited eggplant|S. ferox]]'' - Hairy-fruited eggplant, Thai hairy-fruited eggplant
*''[[forked nightshade|S. furcatum]]'' - Forked nightshade
*''[[Chilean nightshade|S. gayanum]]'' - Chilean nightshade
*''[[Solanum gilo|S. gilo]]'' - Scarlet Eggplant, Gilo (Brazilian ''jiló'')
*''[[Solanum glacum|S. glacum]]'' -
*''[[waxyleaf nightshade|S. glaucophyllum]]'' - Waxyleaf nightshade
*''[[slender nightshade|S. gracilius]]'' - Slender nightshade
[[Image:Solanum-sisymbriifolium3.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Forked Nightshade (''Solanum sisymbriifolium)'']]
*''[[Solanum haleakalense|S. haleakalense]]'' -
*''[[melonleaf nightshade|S. heterodoxum]]'' - Melon-leaf nightshade
*''[[Hinds' nightshade|S. hindsianum]]'' - Hinds' nightshade
*''[[Solanum huaylasense]]''
*''S. hyporhodium'' - synonym of ''[[Solanum sessiliflorum|S. sessiliflorum]]''
*''[[Solanum imcompletum|S. imcompletum]]'' -
*''[[Solanum incanum|S. incanum]]'' -
*''[[Popolo ku mai|S. incompletum]]'' - Popolo ku mai
*''[[Solanum interius|S. interius]]'' -
*''[[Jamaican nightshade|S. jamaicense]]'' - Jamaican nightshade
*''[[Solanum jamesii|S. jamesii]]'' - Wild potato
*''[[jasmine nightshade|S. jasminoides]]'' - Jasmine nightshade
*''[[Indian nightshade|S. khasianum]]'' - Indian nightshade
*''[[lanceleaf nightshade | S. lanceifolium]]'' - Lanceleaf nightshade
*''[[orangeberry nightshade | S. lanceolatum]]'' - Orangeberry nightshade
*''[[tigna potato|S. leptosepalum]]'' - Tigna potato
*''[[Solanum linnaeanum|S. linnaeanum]]'' - Apple of Sodom (Hawaii)
*''[[Sonoran nightshade|S. lumholtzianum]]'' - Sonoran nightshade
*''[[Wolf Apple|S. lycocarpum]]'' - Wolf Apple
*''[[tomato|S. lycopersicum]]'' - Tomato
*''[[Solanum macrocarpon|S. macrocarpon]]'' -
[[Image:Solanum mammosum.jpg|thumb|250px|''[[Solanum mammosum]]'']]
*''[[Solanum mammosum|S. mammosum]]'' - Nipplefruit
*''[[white-margined nightshade|S. marginatum]]'' - White-margined nightshade
*''[[Solanum mauritianum|S. mauritianum]]'' - Earleaf nightshade
*''[[garden huckleberry|S. melanocerasum]]'' - Garden huckleberry
*''[[eggplant|S. melongena]]'' - Eggplant
*''[[Solanum mucronatum|S. mucronatum]]'' - Pepino
*''[[Solanum muricatum|S. muricatum]]'' - Pepino
*''[[Nelson's horsenettle|S. nelsonii]]'' - Nelson's horsenettle
*''[[divine nightshade|S. nigrescens]]'' - Divine nightshade
*''[[Solanum nigrum|S. nigrum]]'' - Black or blackberry nightshade
*''[[forest nightshade|S. nudum]]'' - Forest nightshade
*''[[Parish's nightshade|S. parishii]]'' - Parish's nightshade
*''[[Solanum pericifolium|S. pericifolium]]''
*''[[berengena de playa|S. persicifolium]]'' - Berengena de playa
*''[[Peruvian nightshade|S. peruvianum]]'' - Peruvian nightshade
*''[[Solanum phureja|S. phureja]]'' -
*''[[hairy nightshade|S. physalifolium]]'' - Hairy nightshade
*''[[currant tomato|S. pimpinellifolium]]'' - Currant tomato
*''[[tansyleaf nightshade|S. pinnatisectum]]'' - Tansyleaf nightshade
*''[[cakalaka berry|S. polygamum]]'' - Cakalaka berry
[[Image:Solanum pseudocapsicum.jpg|thumb|250px|Solanum pseudocapsicum fruit]]
*''[[Jerusalem cherry|S. pseudocapsicum]]'' - Jerusalem cherry
*''[[glowing nightshade|S. pseudogracile]]'' - Glowing nightshade
*''[[eastern black nightshade|S. ptycanthum]]'' - Eastern black nightshade
*''[[Solanum pyrifolium|S. pyrifolium]]'' -
*''[[naranjilla|S. quitoense]]'' - Naranjilla
*''[[canker berry|S. racemosum]]'' - Canker berry
*''[[Riedle's nightshade|S. riedlei]]'' - Riedle's nightshade
*''[[shrubby nightshade|S. robustum]]'' - Shrubby nightshade
*''[[Texas thistle|S. rostratum]]'' - Texas thistle
*''[[tabacon aspero|S. rugosum]]'' - Tabacon aspero
*''[[Hawaii horsenettle|S. sandwicense]]'' - Hawaii horsenettle
*''[[Green nightshade|S. sarrachoides]]'' - Green nightshade
*''[[Brazilian nightshade|S. seaforthianum]]'' - Brazilian nightshade
*''[[Solanum sessiliflorum|S. sessiliflorum]]'' - Cocona
*''[[sticky nightshade|S. sisymbriifolium]]'' - Sticky nightshade
*''[[Solanum surattense|S. surattense]]'' -
*''[[wetland nightshade|S. tampicense]]'' - Wetland nightshade
*''[[San Diego nightshade|S. tenuilobatum]]'' - San Diego nightshade
*''[[fancy nightshade|S. tenuipes]]'' - Fancy nightshade
*''[[Solanum torvum|S. torvum]]'' - Devil's fig
*''[[cutleaf nightshade|S. triflorum Nutt.]]'' - Cutleaf nightshade
*''[[Solanum triqetrum|S. triquetrum]]'' - [[Texas nightshade]]
*''[[Potato|S. tuberosum]]'' - Potato
*''[[Solanum umbelliferum|S. umbelliferum]]'' - Bluewitch nightshade
*''[[Solanum viarum|S. viarum]]'' - Tropical soda apple
*''[[Hairy nightshade|S. villosum]]'' - Hairy nightshade
*''[[green nightshade|S. viride]]'' - Green nightshade cv. form from Fiji: <u>S. anthropophagorum</u>
*''[[Solanum wallacei|S. wallacei]]'' - Wallace's nightshade, Catalina Nightshade
*''[[Solanum wendlandi|S. wendlandii]]'' - Giant potatocreeper
*''[[Solanum woodburyi|S. woodburyi]]'' - Woodbury's nightshade
*''[[Solanum xanthi|S. xanthi]]''
*''[[purple nightshade|S. xanti]]'' - Purple nightshade

==External links==
*[http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/projects/solanaceaesource/index.jsp Solanaceae Source]

[[Category:Solanum| ]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:02, 30 May 2010
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		+	{{SPlantbox
		+	\|familia=Solanaceae
		+	\|genus=Solanum
		+	\|lifespan=perennial, annual
		+	\|life_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
		+	\|features=evergreen, deciduous
		+	\|Temp Metric=°F
		+	\|jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
		+	\|image=Upload.png
		+	\|image_width=240
		+	}}
	__NOTOC__{{Plantbox		__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
	\| name = ''Solanum''		\| name = ''Solanum''

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Inc|
 Solanum (Latin, solamen, solace or quieting). Solanaceae. Nightshade. A vast group of temperate and tropical herbs, shrubs and even trees, comparatively poorly represented in temperate North America, of various horticultural adaptabilities, comprising ornamental subjects and also the potato, tomato, eggplant, ground cherry or physalis, red pepper or capsicum; also medicinal plants.
-Leaves alternate: infl. mostly sympodial and therefore superaxillary or opposite the lvs.: corolla gamopetalous and rotate or shallow-campanulate, plaited in the bud, the limb angled or shallow-lobed; stamens usually 5, inserted on the throat of the corolla, the anthers narrower or elongated and connivent and mostly opening by an apical pore or slit; ovary usually 2-loculed, ripening into a berry which is sometimes inclosed in the persistent calyx; fls. white, purple or yellow.—Dunal, the latest monographer (DC. Prodr. 13, pt. 1). in 1852, recognized 901 species, and many species have been discovered since that time, the number now being estimated at about 1,200. Many new species have recently been described by Bitter in various volumes of Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. Reg. Veget. The genus finds its greatest extension in Trop. Amer. Of the vast number of species, barely 25 are of much account horticulturally, and half that number will comprise all the species that are popularly well known. One of these is the potato, Solanum tuberosum, one of the leading food plants of the human race. The genus seems to abound in plants with toxic properties, although its bad reputation in this respect is probably exaggerated. The species are herbs in temperate climates, but in warm countries many of them are shrubby and some are small trees. Many of them are climbers. It is impracticable to distribute the few cult. species into the various botanical groups of a great genus, and the following species are therefore assembled mainly on a horticultural plan. See Baker, Journ. Linn. Soc. 21, for account of the tuberiferous solanums. Other important papers on the tuberous species are Berthault, Recherches botaniques sur les varietes cultivees du Solanum tuberosum et les especes suavages de Solanum tuberiferes voisins, Ann. Sci. Agron. Ser. III. 6th annee 1911; Sutton, in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 38:1909; Wittmack, Berichti Deutsch. Bot. Gesellschaft 27:28, 1909, and Landwirtschaftliche Jahrbucher Zeitschrift 38: suppl. 5, 1909; Heckel, sur les Origines de la Pomme de Terre Cultivee, etc. Ann. de la Faculte des Sci. de Marseille 16:1906; Ballivian & Tovar, Noticia Historica y Classificacion de la Papa de Bolivia. 1914.
+Leaves alternate: infl. mostly sympodial and therefore superaxillary or opposite the lvs.: corolla gamopetalous and rotate or shallow-campanulate, plaited in the bud, the limb angled or shallow-lobed; stamens usually 5, inserted on the throat of the corolla, the anthers narrower or elongated and connivent and mostly opening by an apical pore or slit; ovary usually 2-loculed, ripening into a berry which is sometimes inclosed in the persistent calyx; fls. white, purple or yellow.— The genus finds its greatest extension in Trop. Amer. Of the vast number of species, barely 25 are of much account horticulturally, and half that number will comprise all the species that are popularly well known. One of these is the potato, [[Solanum tuberosum]], one of the leading food plants of the human race. The genus seems to abound in plants with toxic properties, although its bad reputation in this respect is probably exaggerated. The species are herbs in temperate climates, but in warm countries many of them are shrubby and some are small trees. Many of them are climbers. It is impracticable to distribute the few cult. species into the various botanical groups of a great genus, and the following species are therefore assembled mainly on a horticultural plan.
-S. auriculatum, Ait., is allied to S. verbascifolium, and is sometimes mistaken for it. Lvs. 6-7 in. long, ovate-oblong, acuminate, entire, velvety-tomentose above with branched hairs, more densely so and paler below, axils furnished with small lvs.: corymbs sub- terminal, many-fld.; corolla violet, about 1/2 in. across: berry globose. Afr.—S. betaceum, Cav., is Cyphomandra, for which see Vol. II.—S. cernuum, Velloz. Shrub or small tree, with cyphomandra-like lvs. and the young parts clothed with chaffy hairs: fls. white: fr. globose, hairy, inclosed in the calyx. S. Brazil. B.M. 7491.—S. Commersonii, "Violet," which attracted much attention a few years ago, is S. tuberosum, being similar to, if not identical with the variety known as "Blue Giant."—S. corymbosum, Jacq. A fetid rather weak, unarmed, branched half-shrub: lvs. 2-5 in. long, glabrous except for the ciliate margins, ovate or lanceolate, entire or slightly lobed: fls. about 1/2 in. diam., blue or violet: fr. reddish orange, 1/4 – 2/3 in. diam. Native of Peru.—S. erectum is Cyphomandra betaceum.—S. Pierreanum, Paill. & Bois, has fr. the size of a walnut and shaped like a tomato, scarlet.—S. stoloniferum, Schlecht. & Bouche. Tuber-bearing: lvs. with 3-4 pairs of pinnae, the interposed ones very numerous; lfts. mostly subcordate at the base and acuminate at the apex, sparingly pubescent with scattered flattened hairs on the upper surface, usually only along the veins on the lower surface, but puberulent on both surfaces: calyx glabrous, the lobes about the length of the tube; corolla white.—S. tubingense and S. Darwinianum said to be graft hybrids of Lycopersicum esculentum and S. nigrum produced by Prof. Winkler of Tubingen. G.C. III. 50:161.—S. verbascifolium, Linn. Lvs. lanceolate-ovate, or ovate-oblong, entire, tomentose, without smaller lvs. in the axils: fls. rather small, white: fr. the size of a small cherry. Widely distributed in the tropics.
+S. auriculatum, Ait., is allied to S. verbascifolium, and is sometimes mistaken for it. Lvs. 6-7 in. long, ovate-oblong, acuminate, entire, velvety-tomentose above with branched hairs, more densely so and paler below, axils furnished with small lvs.: corymbs sub- terminal, many-fld.; corolla violet, about 1/2 in. across: berry globose. Afr.—S. betaceum, Cav., is Cyphomandra.—S. cernuum, Velloz. Shrub or small tree, with cyphomandra-like lvs. and the young parts clothed with chaffy hairs: fls. white: fr. globose, hairy, inclosed in the calyx. S. Brazil. B.M. 7491.—S. Commersonii, "Violet," which attracted much attention a few years ago, is S. tuberosum, being similar to, if not identical with the variety known as "Blue Giant."—S. corymbosum, Jacq. A fetid rather weak, unarmed, branched half-shrub: lvs. 2-5 in. long, glabrous except for the ciliate margins, ovate or lanceolate, entire or slightly lobed: fls. about 1/2 in. diam., blue or violet: fr. reddish orange, 1/4 – 2/3 in. diam. Native of Peru.—S. erectum is Cyphomandra betaceum.—S. Pierreanum, Paill. & Bois, has fr. the size of a walnut and shaped like a tomato, scarlet.—S. stoloniferum, Schlecht. & Bouche. Tuber-bearing: lvs. with 3-4 pairs of pinnae, the interposed ones very numerous; lfts. mostly subcordate at the base and acuminate at the apex, sparingly pubescent with scattered flattened hairs on the upper surface, usually only along the veins on the lower surface, but puberulent on both surfaces: calyx glabrous, the lobes about the length of the tube; corolla white.—S. tubingense and S. Darwinianum said to be graft hybrids of Lycopersicum esculentum and S. nigrum produced by Prof. Winkler of Tubingen.—S. verbascifolium, Linn. Lvs. lanceolate-ovate, or ovate-oblong, entire, tomentose, without smaller lvs. in the axils: fls. rather small, white: fr. the size of a small cherry. Widely distributed in the tropics.
 }}
-{{Taxobox
+==Cultivation==
-| color = lightgreen
+{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
-| name = ''Solanum''
-| image = Solanum sodomeum.JPG
+===Propagation===
-| image_width = 250px
+{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
-'''''Solanum''''' is a large, variable [[genus]] of [[annual plant]]s and [[perennial plant]]s, [[forb]]s, [[vine]]s, [[sub-shrub]]s, [[shrub]]s, and small [[tree]]s.  They often have attractive fruit and flowers. Most are [[poison]]ous, but many bear edible [[fruit]]s, [[leaf|leaves]], or [[tuber]]s, and the genus includes several cultivated species, including three major food crops:
+===Pests and diseases===
-* [[Tomato]], ''Solanum lycopersicum''
+{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
-== Species ==
+==Species==
 *''[[sodaapple nightshade|S. aculeastrum]]'' - Sodaapple nightshade
 *''[[sonoita nightshade|S. adscendens]]'' - Sonoita nightshade
@@ Line 150: / Line 164: @@
 *''[[Solanum xanthi|S. xanthi]]''
 *''[[purple nightshade|S. xanti]]'' - Purple nightshade
 ==External links==
-*[http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/projects/solanaceaesource/index.jsp  Solanaceae Source]
+*{{wplink}}
-[[Category:Solanum| ]]
+<!--  in order to add all the proper categories, go to http://www.plants.am/wiki/Plant_Categories and copy/paste the contents of the page here, and then follow the easy instructions!    -->

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:40, 14 July 2009
Line 1:		Line 1:
		+	{{Inc\|
		+	Solanum (Latin, solamen, solace or quieting). Solanaceae. Nightshade. A vast group of temperate and tropical herbs, shrubs and even trees, comparatively poorly represented in temperate North America, of various horticultural adaptabilities, comprising ornamental subjects and also the potato, tomato, eggplant, ground cherry or physalis, red pepper or capsicum; also medicinal plants.
		+
		+	Leaves alternate: infl. mostly sympodial and therefore superaxillary or opposite the lvs.: corolla gamopetalous and rotate or shallow-campanulate, plaited in the bud, the limb angled or shallow-lobed; stamens usually 5, inserted on the throat of the corolla, the anthers narrower or elongated and connivent and mostly opening by an apical pore or slit; ovary usually 2-loculed, ripening into a berry which is sometimes inclosed in the persistent calyx; fls. white, purple or yellow.—Dunal, the latest monographer (DC. Prodr. 13, pt. 1). in 1852, recognized 901 species, and many species have been discovered since that time, the number now being estimated at about 1,200. Many new species have recently been described by Bitter in various volumes of Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. Reg. Veget. The genus finds its greatest extension in Trop. Amer. Of the vast number of species, barely 25 are of much account horticulturally, and half that number will comprise all the species that are popularly well known. One of these is the potato, Solanum tuberosum, one of the leading food plants of the human race. The genus seems to abound in plants with toxic properties, although its bad reputation in this respect is probably exaggerated. The species are herbs in temperate climates, but in warm countries many of them are shrubby and some are small trees. Many of them are climbers. It is impracticable to distribute the few cult. species into the various botanical groups of a great genus, and the following species are therefore assembled mainly on a horticultural plan. See Baker, Journ. Linn. Soc. 21, for account of the tuberiferous solanums. Other important papers on the tuberous species are Berthault, Recherches botaniques sur les varietes cultivees du Solanum tuberosum et les especes suavages de Solanum tuberiferes voisins, Ann. Sci. Agron. Ser. III. 6th annee 1911; Sutton, in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 38:1909; Wittmack, Berichti Deutsch. Bot. Gesellschaft 27:28, 1909, and Landwirtschaftliche Jahrbucher Zeitschrift 38: suppl. 5, 1909; Heckel, sur les Origines de la Pomme de Terre Cultivee, etc. Ann. de la Faculte des Sci. de Marseille 16:1906; Ballivian & Tovar, Noticia Historica y Classificacion de la Papa de Bolivia. 1914.
		+
		+	S. auriculatum, Ait., is allied to S. verbascifolium, and is sometimes mistaken for it. Lvs. 6-7 in. long, ovate-oblong, acuminate, entire, velvety-tomentose above with branched hairs, more densely so and paler below, axils furnished with small lvs.: corymbs sub- terminal, many-fld.; corolla violet, about 1/2 in. across: berry globose. Afr.—S. betaceum, Cav., is Cyphomandra, for which see Vol. II.—S. cernuum, Velloz. Shrub or small tree, with cyphomandra-like lvs. and the young parts clothed with chaffy hairs: fls. white: fr. globose, hairy, inclosed in the calyx. S. Brazil. B.M. 7491.—S. Commersonii, "Violet," which attracted much attention a few years ago, is S. tuberosum, being similar to, if not identical with the variety known as "Blue Giant."—S. corymbosum, Jacq. A fetid rather weak, unarmed, branched half-shrub: lvs. 2-5 in. long, glabrous except for the ciliate margins, ovate or lanceolate, entire or slightly lobed: fls. about 1/2 in. diam., blue or violet: fr. reddish orange, 1/4 – 2/3 in. diam. Native of Peru.—S. erectum is Cyphomandra betaceum.—S. Pierreanum, Paill. & Bois, has fr. the size of a walnut and shaped like a tomato, scarlet.—S. stoloniferum, Schlecht. & Bouche. Tuber-bearing: lvs. with 3-4 pairs of pinnae, the interposed ones very numerous; lfts. mostly subcordate at the base and acuminate at the apex, sparingly pubescent with scattered flattened hairs on the upper surface, usually only along the veins on the lower surface, but puberulent on both surfaces: calyx glabrous, the lobes about the length of the tube; corolla white.—S. tubingense and S. Darwinianum said to be graft hybrids of Lycopersicum esculentum and S. nigrum produced by Prof. Winkler of Tubingen. G.C. III. 50:161.—S. verbascifolium, Linn. Lvs. lanceolate-ovate, or ovate-oblong, entire, tomentose, without smaller lvs. in the axils: fls. rather small, white: fr. the size of a small cherry. Widely distributed in the tropics.
		+	}}
		+
	{{Taxobox		{{Taxobox
	\| color = lightgreen		\| color = lightgreen