Solanum dulcamara - Revision history

Raffi at 00:53, 15 July 2009

2009-07-15T00:53:37Z

Murali.lalitha at 18:12, 14 July 2009

2009-07-14T18:12:30Z

Raffi at 13:55, 4 April 2007

2007-04-04T13:55:30Z

New page

{{Taxobox
| color = lightgreen
| name = Bittersweet
| image = XN Solanum dulcamara 00.jpg
| image_width = 240px
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Solanales]]
| familia = [[Solanaceae]]
| genus = ''[[Solanum]]''
| species = '''''S. dulcamara'''''
| binomial = ''Solanum dulcamara''
| binomial_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
}}

'''''Solanum dulcamara''''' ('''Bittersweet''', '''Bitter Nightshade''', '''Blue Bindweed''', '''Climbing Nightshade''', '''Fellenwort''', '''Felonwood''', '''Poisonberry''', '''Poisonflower''', '''Scarlet Berry''', '''Snakeberry''', '''Trailing Bittersweet''', '''Trailing Nightshade''', '''Violet Bloom''' or, '''Woody Nightshade''') is a [[species]] of vine in the [[potato]] genus ''[[Solanum]]'', family [[Solanaceae]]. It is native to [[Europe]] and [[Asia]], and widely naturalised elsewhere, including [[North America]], where it is an [[Invasive species|invasive]] problem [[weed]]. It occurs in a very wide range of [[Habitat (ecology)|habitats]], from [[woodland]]s to [[scrubland]], [[hedge (gardening)|hedge]]s and [[marsh]]es.

[[Image:SolanumDulcamara-plant-sm.jpg|left|thumb|Plant]]
Bittersweet is a semi-[[wood]]y [[herbaceous]] [[perennial]] [[vine]], which scrambles over other plants, capable of reaching a height of 4 m where suitable support is available, but more often 1-2 m high. The [[Leaf|leaves]] are 4-12 cm long, roughly arrowhead-shaped, and often lobed at the base. The [[flower]]s are in loose clusters of 3-20, (1-1.5 cm) across, star-shaped, with five purple petals and yellow stamens and style pointing forward. The [[fruit]] is an ovoid red [[berry]] about 1 cm long, soft and juicy, [[poisonous]] to humans and livestock but edible for [[bird]]s, which disperse the seeds widely. As with most ''Solanum'' species, the foliage is also poisonous to humans.

Bittersweet is used in [[homeopathic medicine]] and [[herbalism]]. Its main usage is for conditions that have an impact on the [[skin]], [[mucous membrane]] and the membrane ([[synovial membrane]]) around the joints. Bittersweet is considered to be an important remedy for treating [[herpes]] infections and [[allergies]].

----
The name '''bittersweet''' is also confusingly used in some areas for some species in the genus ''[[Celastrus]]'' (the '''[[Staff vine]]s''', family [[Celastraceae]]), e.g. [[Staff vine|American bittersweet]] (''C. scandens'') and [[Staff vine|Oriental bittersweet]] (''C. orbiculatus'').

Other common names include Trailing Nightshade, Bittersweet, Trailing Bittersweet, Climbing Nightshade, Blue Bindweed, Bitter Nightshade, Fellenwort, Dogwood, Woody Nightshade, Poisonflower, Poisonberry, Snakeberry, and Scarlet Berry.

==References==
* {{cite book | author=[[Neltje Blanchan|Blanchan, Neltje]] | title=[[Wild Flowers Worth Knowing]] | year=[[2005]] | publisher=[[Project Gutenberg|Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation]]}}

<gallery>
Image:SolanumDulcamara-leaf-sm.jpg|Leaves
Image:SolanumDulcamara-flower-sm.jpg|Flowers
Image:Bittersweet3900.JPG|Flowers and unripe berries
Image:XN Solanum dulcamara 01.jpg|Fruits
</gallery>

[[Category:Solanum]]
[[Category:Poisonous plants]]
[[Category:Flora of Europe]]
[[Category:Flora of Estonia]]
[[Category:Flora of the United Kingdom]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:12, 14 July 2009
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		+	{{Inc\|
		+	Solanum dulcamara, Linn. Bitter-sweet. Fig. 3634. A more or less pubescent or sometimes glabrous shrubby climber with st. 4-6 ft. long: lvs. entire or sometimes 3-5-parted, 1-3 in. long, the entire ones cordate, ovate-cordate, or the upper ones hastate: fls. many, drooping, in panicled corymbs opposite the lvs.; corolla white or violet, 1/2 in. diam., the lobes reflexed, each segm. furnished with 2 greenish spots near the base: fr. ovoid, 1/2 in. diam., red or rarely yellowish green. Naturalized from Eu.
		+	}}
		+
	{{Taxobox		{{Taxobox
	\| color = lightgreen		\| color = lightgreen

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Inc|
-Solanum dulcamara, Linn. Bitter-sweet. Fig. 3634. A more or less pubescent or sometimes glabrous shrubby climber with st. 4-6 ft. long: lvs. entire or sometimes 3-5-parted, 1-3 in. long, the entire ones cordate, ovate-cordate, or the upper ones hastate: fls. many, drooping, in panicled corymbs opposite the lvs.; corolla white or violet, 1/2 in. diam., the lobes reflexed, each segm. furnished with 2 greenish spots near the base: fr. ovoid, 1/2 in. diam., red or rarely yellowish green. Naturalized from Eu.
+Solanum dulcamara, Linn. Bitter-sweet (also known as: Bittersweet, Bitter Nightshade, Bindweed, Climbing Nightshade, Fellenwort, Felonwood, Poisonberry, Poisonflower, Scarlet Berry, Snakeberry, Trailing Bittersweet, Trailing Nightshade, Violet Bloom, Woody Nightshade{{wp}}). A more or less pubescent or sometimes glabrous shrubby climber with st. 4-6 ft. long: lvs. entire or sometimes 3-5-parted, 1-3 in. long, the entire ones cordate, ovate-cordate, or the upper ones hastate: fls. many, drooping, in panicled corymbs opposite the lvs.; corolla white or violet, 1/2 in. diam., the lobes reflexed, each segm. furnished with 2 greenish spots near the base: fr. ovoid, 1/2 in. diam., red or rarely yellowish green. Naturalized from Eu.
-}}
+{{SCH}}
 }}
-'''''Solanum dulcamara''''' ('''Bittersweet''', '''Bitter Nightshade''', '''Blue Bindweed''', '''Climbing Nightshade''', '''Fellenwort''', '''Felonwood''', '''Poisonberry''', '''Poisonflower''', '''Scarlet Berry''', '''Snakeberry''', '''Trailing Bittersweet''', '''Trailing Nightshade''', '''Violet Bloom''' or, '''Woody Nightshade''') is a [[species]] of vine in the [[potato]] genus ''[[Solanum]]'', family [[Solanaceae]]. It is native to [[Europe]] and [[Asia]], and widely naturalised elsewhere, including [[North America]], where it is an [[Invasive species|invasive]] problem [[weed]]. It occurs in a very wide range of [[Habitat (ecology)|habitats]], from [[woodland]]s to [[scrubland]], [[hedge (gardening)|hedge]]s and [[marsh]]es.
+==Cultivation==
-[[Image:SolanumDulcamara-plant-sm.jpg|left|thumb|Plant]]
+===Propagation===
-Bittersweet is a semi-[[wood]]y [[herbaceous]] [[perennial]] [[vine]], which scrambles over other plants, capable of reaching a height of 4 m where suitable support is available, but more often 1-2 m high. The [[Leaf|leaves]] are 4-12 cm long, roughly arrowhead-shaped, and often lobed at the base. The [[flower]]s are in loose clusters of 3-20, (1-1.5 cm) across, star-shaped, with five purple petals and yellow stamens and style pointing forward. The [[fruit]] is an ovoid red [[berry]] about 1 cm long, soft and juicy, [[poisonous]] to humans and livestock but edible for [[bird]]s, which disperse the seeds widely. As with most ''Solanum'' species, the foliage is also poisonous to humans.
+{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
-Bittersweet is used in [[homeopathic medicine]] and [[herbalism]].  Its main usage is for conditions that have an impact on the [[skin]], [[mucous membrane]] and the membrane ([[synovial membrane]]) around the joints. Bittersweet is considered to be an important remedy for treating [[herpes]] infections and [[allergies]].
+===Pests and diseases===
-----
+==Species==
-The name '''bittersweet''' is also confusingly used in some areas for some species in the genus ''[[Celastrus]]'' (the '''[[Staff vine]]s''', family [[Celastraceae]]), e.g. [[Staff vine|American bittersweet]] (''C. scandens'') and [[Staff vine|Oriental bittersweet]] (''C. orbiculatus'').
+<!--  This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc    -->
-Other common names include Trailing Nightshade, Bittersweet, Trailing Bittersweet, Climbing Nightshade, Blue Bindweed, Bitter Nightshade, Fellenwort, Dogwood, Woody Nightshade, Poisonflower, Poisonberry, Snakeberry, and Scarlet Berry.
+==Gallery==
+{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->
 <gallery>
@@ Line 39: / Line 52: @@
 Image:Bittersweet3900.JPG|Flowers and unripe berries
 Image:XN Solanum dulcamara 01.jpg|Fruits
 </gallery>
 [[Category:Solanum]]
-[[Category:Poisonous plants]]
-[[Category:Flora of Europe]]
+<!--  in order to add all the proper categories, go to http://www.plants.am/wiki/Plant_Categories and copy/paste the contents of the page here, and then follow the easy instructions!    -->