Sorghum - Revision history

Raffi at 00:07, 8 June 2010

2010-06-08T00:07:47Z

Murali.lalitha at 18:15, 4 June 2010

2010-06-04T18:15:55Z

Envoy at 12:22, 15 July 2007

2007-07-15T12:22:03Z

New page

{{Taxobox
| color = lightgreen
| name = ''Sorghum''
| image = Sorghum.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| regnum = [[Plantae]]
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Liliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Poales]]
| familia = [[Poaceae]]
| genus = '''''Sorghum'''''
| genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
About 30 species, see text
}}

'''Sorghum''' is a genus of numerous species of [[Poaceae|grasses]], some of which are raised for grain and many of which are utilised as [[fodder]] plants either cultivated or as part of pasture. The plants are cultivated in warmer climates worldwide. Species are native to tropical and subtropical regions of all continents in addition to [[Oceania]] and [[Australasia]].

For more specific details on commercially exploited Sorghum see [[commercial sorghum]].

==Cultivation and uses==
[[Image:2005sorghum.PNG|thumb|right|Sorghum output in 2005]]
Numerous ''Sorghum'' species are used for [[food]] (as grain and in [[Sweet sorghum | sorghum syrup or "sorghum molasses"]]), [[fodder]], and the production of [[alcoholic beverage]]s. Most species are [[xerophyte|drought tolerant]] and heat tolerant and are especially important in [[arid]] regions. They form an important component of pastures in many tropical regions. ''Sorghum'' species are an important [[food crop]] in [[Africa]], [[Central America]], and [[South Asia]], and is the "fifth most important [[cereal]] crop grown in the world" [http://www.grains.org/index.ww]. [[Africa|African]] [[Slavery|slaves]] introduced sorghum into the [[United States|U.S.]] in the early 17th century.

Some ''Sorghum'' species such as [[Johnson_grass|Johnson Grass]] are important economic and environmental weeds.

The reclaimed stalks of the sorghum plant are use to make a decorative millwork material known as [[Kirei board]].

Some species of Sorghum can contain levels of cyanide and nitrates lethal to grazing animals in the early stages of the plant's growth. Stressed plants, even at later stages of growth, can also contain toxic levels of cyanide.

== Species ==
* ''[[Sorghum almum]]''
* ''[[Sorghum amplum]]''
* ''[[Sorghum angustum]]''
* ''[[Sorghum arundinaceum]]''
* ''[[Sorghum bicolor]]''
* ''[[Sorghum brachypodum]]''
* ''[[Sorghum bulbosum]]''
* ''[[Sorghum burmahicum]]''
* ''[[Sorghum controversum]]''
* ''[[Sorghum drummondii]]''
* ''[[Sorghum ecarinatum]]''
* ''[[Sorghum exstans]]''
* ''[[Sorghum grande]]''
* ''[[Johnson grass|Sorghum halepense]]''
* ''[[Sorghum interjectum]]''
* ''[[Sorghum intrans]]''
* ''[[Sorghum laxiflorum]]''
* ''[[Sorghum leiocladum]]''
* ''[[Sorghum macrospermum]]''
* ''[[Sorghum matarankense]]''
* ''[[Sorghum miliaceum]]''
* ''[[Sorghum nitidum]]''
* ''[[Sorghum plumosum]]''
* ''[[Sorghum propinquum]]''
* ''[[Sorghum purpureosericeum]]''
* ''[[Sorghum stipoideum]]''
* ''[[Sorghum timorense]]''
* ''[[Sorghum trichocladum]]''
* ''[[Sorghum versicolor]]''
* ''[[Sorghum virgatum]]''
* ''[[Sorghum vulgare]]''

== Hybrids ==
*''Sorghum × almum''
*''Sorghum × drummondii''

==External links==
* [http://www.fao.org/docrep/T0818e/T0818E00.HTM FAO Report (1995) "Sorghum and millets in human nutrition"]
* [http://www.fao.org/inpho/content/compend/toc_main.htm#TopOfPage FAO "Compendium on post-harvest operations" — Contains discussion on origin, processing and uses of sorghum]
* [http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/afcm/sorghum.html Alternative Field Crops]
* [http://www.itis.usda.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=42106 ITIS 42106] 2002-09-22
* [http://www.grains.org/grains/sorghum.html US Grains Council]
* [http://www.icrisat.org/text/research/grep/homepage/sorghum/sorghumhomepage.htm ICRISAT]
* [http://amarillo.tamu.edu/programs/irrigtce/publications/Grain%20Sorghum%20Irrigation%20B-6152.pdf Grain Sorghum Irrigation]
*[http://www.grains.org/grains/sorghum.html Sorghum on US Grains Web Site]
*[http://www.sorghumgrowers.com National Grain Sorghum Producers]
*[http://www.ca.uky.edu/nssppa/production.html National Sweet Sorghum Producers and Processors Association]
*[http://www.grains.org/pdf/Sorghum%20Handbook.pdf Sorghum Handbook]
*[http://weedsoft.unl.edu/documents/GrowthStagesModule/Sorghum/Sorg.htm Sorghum Growth Stages]
* [http://biology.plosjournals.org/perlserv/?request=get-document&doi=10.1371/journal.pbio.0030013 Sequencing of the Sorghum Genome by Methylation Filtration]
*[http://www2.dpi.qld.gov.au/health/11762.html Risk management of cyanide (prussic acid) and nitrates in sorghum crops]
{{Cereals}}

[[Category:Grasses]]
[[Category:Cereals]]
[[Category:Forages]]
[[Category:Tropical agriculture]]
[[Category:Underutilized crops]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{SPlantbox
 |familia=Poaceae
 |genus=Sorghum
 |common_name=Millet, Sorghum
 |name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
 |habit=grass
 |habit_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
 |lifespan=perennial, annual
 |life_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
 |Temp Metric=°F
 |jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
-|image=Upload.png
+|image=Sorghum.jpg
 |image_width=240
 }}
-{{Taxobox
+'''''Sorghum''''' is a genus of numerous species of [[Poaceae|grasses]], some of which are raised for grain and many of which are used as [[fodder]] plants either cultivated or as part of pasture. The plants are cultivated in warmer climates worldwide. Species are native to tropical and subtropical regions of all continents in addition to the South West Pacific and [[Australasia]]. Sorghum is in the subfamily [[Panicoideae]] and the tribe [[Andropogoneae]] (the tribe of [[big bluestem]] and [[sugar cane]]).
-| color = lightgreen
-| name = ''Sorghum''
+For more specific details on commercially exploited Sorghum see [[commercial sorghum]].
-| image = Sorghum.jpg
-| image_width = 250px
+Numerous ''Sorghum'' species are used for [[food]] (as grain and in [[Sweet sorghum|sorghum syrup or "sorghum molasses"]]), [[fodder]], the production of [[alcoholic beverage]]s, as well as biofuels.  Most species are [[xerophyte|drought tolerant]] and heat tolerant and are especially important in [[arid]] regions where the grain is staple or one of the staples for poor and rural people. They form an important component of pastures in many tropical regions. ''Sorghum'' species are an important [[food crop]] in [[Africa]], [[Central America]], and [[South Asia]] and is the "fifth most important [[cereal]] crop grown in the world".<ref>[http://www.grains.org/sorghum Sorghum], U.S. Grains Council.</ref>
-| regnum = [[Plantae]]
-| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
+A ''Sorghum'' species, [[Johnson grass]], is classified as an [[Invasive Species|invasive species]] in the US by the [[United States Department of Agriculture|Department of Agriculture]].<ref>[http://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/plants/johnsongrass.shtml Johnson Grass], U.S. Department of Agriculture, Accessed 2257 UDT, 12 March, 2009.</ref>
-'''Sorghum''' is a genus of numerous species of [[Poaceae|grasses]], some of which are raised for grain and many of which are utilised as [[fodder]] plants either cultivated or as part of pasture. The plants are cultivated in warmer climates worldwide. Species are native to tropical and subtropical regions of all continents in addition to [[Oceania]] and [[Australasia]].
+Some species of sorghum can contain levels of [[hydrogen cyanide]], [[hordenine]] and nitrates lethal to grazing animals in the early stages of the plant's growth. Stressed plants, even at later stages of growth, can also contain toxic levels of cyanide.{{Citation needed|date=October 2009}}
-For more specific details on commercially exploited Sorghum see [[commercial sorghum]].
+==Cultivation==
-==Cultivation and uses==
+===Propagation===
-The reclaimed stalks of the sorghum plant are use to make a decorative millwork material known as [[Kirei board]].
+===Pests and diseases===
-== Species ==
+==Species==
 * ''[[Sorghum almum]]''
 * ''[[Sorghum amplum]]''
 * ''[[Sorghum angustum]]''
 * ''[[Sorghum arundinaceum]]''
-* ''[[Sorghum bicolor]]''
+* ''[[Sorghum bicolor]]'' (primary cultivated species)
 * ''[[Sorghum brachypodum]]''
 * ''[[Sorghum bulbosum]]''
@@ Line 67: / Line 58: @@
 * ''[[Sorghum matarankense]]''
 * ''[[Sorghum miliaceum]]''
 * ''[[Sorghum nitidum]]''
 * ''[[Sorghum plumosum]]''
@@ Line 78: / Line 70: @@
 * ''[[Sorghum vulgare]]''
-== Hybrids ==
+Hybrids:
 *''Sorghum × almum''
 *''Sorghum × drummondii''
 ==External links==
-* [http://www.fao.org/docrep/T0818e/T0818E00.HTM FAO Report (1995) "Sorghum and millets in human nutrition"]
+*{{wplink}}
-[[Category:Grasses]]
+{{stub}}
-[[Category:Cereals]]
+__NOTOC__

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:15, 4 June 2010
Line 1:		Line 1:
		+	{{SPlantbox
		+	\|familia=Poaceae
		+	\|genus=Sorghum
		+	\|common_name=Millet, Sorghum
		+	\|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
		+	\|habit=grass
		+	\|habit_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
		+	\|lifespan=perennial, annual
		+	\|life_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
		+	\|Temp Metric=°F
		+	\|jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
		+	\|image=Upload.png
		+	\|image_width=240
		+	}}
	{{Taxobox		{{Taxobox
	\| color = lightgreen		\| color = lightgreen