Tabernaemontana - Revision history

Raffi at 16:59, 14 April 2010

2010-04-14T16:59:55Z

Raffi at 16:49, 14 April 2010

2010-04-14T16:49:50Z

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Murali.lalitha at 12:35, 14 April 2010

2010-04-14T12:35:43Z

Murali.lalitha at 12:24, 14 April 2010

2010-04-14T12:24:02Z

Murali.lalitha at 14:22, 5 August 2009

2009-08-05T14:22:38Z

Murali.lalitha at 14:21, 5 August 2009

2009-08-05T14:21:01Z

Envoy at 06:25, 5 November 2007

2007-11-05T06:25:10Z

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{{Taxobox
| color = lightgreen
| name = ''Tabernaemontana''
| image = Planche-Tabernaemontana-persicariaefolia.jpg
| image_width = 220px
| image_caption = ''[[Tabernaemontana persicariaefolia]]''
| regnum = [[Plantae]]
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Gentianales]]
| familia = [[Apocynaceae]]
| genus = '''''Tabernaemontana'''''
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
About 100-110 species; see text
}}

'''Tabernaemontana''' is a genus of 100-110 species of [[flowering plant]]s in the family [[Apocynaceae]], with a pan-tropical distribution. They are [[shrub]]s and small [[tree]]s growing to 1-15 m tall. The [[leaf|leaves]] are [[evergreen]], [[Leaf#Arrangement_on_the_stem|opposite]], 3-25 cm long, with milky sap. The [[flower]]s are fragrant, white, 1-5 cm diameter.

Some members of the genus ''Tabernaemontana'' are used as additives to some versions of the psychedelic drink [[Ayahuasca]].<ref>[http://www.serendipity.li/dmt/hoasca.html#tbl1 Ayahuasca Analogues]</ref>

'''Ervatamia''' is one of the many synonyms for the genus.

;Selected species
*''[[Tabernaemontana africana]]''. [[Africa]].
*''[[Tabernaemontana alba]]'' (White Milkwood). [[Central America]].
*''[[Tabernaemontana amygdalifolia]]''. Southern [[Mexico]], Central America, northern [[South America]].
*''[[Tabernaemontana bovina]]''. Southern [[China]] to [[Thailand]].
*''[[Tabernaemontana bufalina]]''. Southern [[China]] to [[Thailand]].
*''[[Tabernaemontana calcarea]]''. [[Madagascar]].
*''[[Tabernaemontana capuronii]]''. [[Madagascar]].
*''[[Tabernaemontana catharinensis]]''. Western South America.
*''[[Tabernaemontana ciliata]]''. [[Madagascar]].
*''[[Tabernaemontana citrifolia]]'' (Milkwood). [[Caribbean]].
*''[[Tabernaemontana coffeoides]]''. [[Madagascar]].
*''[[Tabernaemontana corymbosa]]''. Southeast [[Asia]].
*''[[Tabernaemontana crassa]]''. [[Madagascar]].
*''[[Tabernaemontana crassifolia]]''. [[Madagascar]].
*''[[Tabernaemontana cymosa]]''. Western South America.
*''[[Tabernaemontana debrayi]]''. [[Madagascar]].
*''[[Tabernaemontana divaricata]]'' (Nero's Crown or Pinwheel Flower). Northern [[India]] to [[Thailand]].
*''[[Tabernaemontana elegans]]'' (Toad Tree). [[South Africa]] north to [[Somalia]].
*''[[Tabernaemontana eusepala]]''. [[Madagascar]].
*''[[Tabernaemontana eusepaloides]]''. [[Madagascar]].
*''[[Tabernaemontana heyneana]]''. [[India]].
*''[[Tabernaemontana humblotii]]''. [[Madagascar]].
*''[[Tabernaemontana mocquerysii]]''. [[Madagascar]].
*''[[Tabernaemontana pachysiphon]]''. Tropical east Africa.
*''[[Tabernaemontana pandacaqui]]''. Southeast Asia, [[Australasia]], western [[Pacific Ocean]] islands.
*''[[Tabernaemontana phymata]]''. [[Madagascar]].
*''[[Tabernaemontana retusa]]''. [[Madagascar]].
*''[[Tabernaemontana rostrata]]''. Southeast Asia.
*''[[Tabernaemontana sambiranensis]]''. [[Madagascar]].
*''[[Tabernaemontana sananho]]''. Northern South America.
*''[[Tabernaemontana sessilifolia]]''. [[Madagascar]].
*''[[Tabernaemontana siphilitica]]''. Northern South America.
*''[[Tabernaemontana stellata]]''. [[Madagascar]].
*''[[Tabernaemontana ventricosa]]'' (Forest Toad Tree). [[Cameroon]], [[South Africa]].

===Cultivation===
The [[cultivar]] ''T. divaricata'' 'Plena', with doubled-petaled flowers, is a popular houseplant.

==See also==
*[[Psychedelic plants]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Apocynaceae]]
[[Category:Ayahuasca]]

@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 |min_zone=11
 |max_zone=12
 |image=Planche-Tabernaemontana-persicariaefolia.jpg
-|image_width=240
+|image_width=180
 |image_caption=Tabernaemontana persicariaefolia
 }}
@@ Line 48: / Line 47: @@
 Selected species:
 * ''[[Tabernaemontana africana]]''. [[Africa]].
-* ''[[Tabernaemontana alba]]'' &ndash; [[White Milkwood]]. [[Central America]].
+* ''[[Tabernaemontana alba]]'' – [[White Milkwood]]. [[Central America]].
 * ''[[Tabernaemontana amygdalifolia]]''. Southern [[Mexico]], Central America, northern [[South America]].
 * ''[[Tabernaemontana antheonycta]]''
@@ Line 59: / Line 58: @@
 * ''[[Tabernaemontana cerifera]]'' New Caledonia
 * ''[[Tabernaemontana ciliata]]''. [[Madagascar]].
-* ''[[Tabernaemontana citrifolia]]'' &ndash; [[Common Milkwood]]. [[Caribbean]].
+* ''[[Tabernaemontana citrifolia]]'' – [[Common Milkwood]]. [[Caribbean]].
 * ''[[Tabernaemontana coffeoides]]''. [[Madagascar]].
 * ''[[Tabernaemontana cordata]]''
-* ''[[Tabernaemontana coronaria]]'' &ndash; [[Crape Jasmine]] syn. ''Tabernaemontana divaricata''
+* ''[[Tabernaemontana coronaria]]'' – [[Crape Jasmine]] syn. ''Tabernaemontana divaricata''
 * ''[[Tabernaemontana corymbosa]]''
 * ''[[Tabernaemontana crassa]]''. [[Madagascar]].
@@ Line 69: / Line 68: @@
 * ''[[Tabernaemontana cymosa]]''. Western South America.
 * ''[[Tabernaemontana debrayi]]''. [[Madagascar]].
-* ''[[Tabernaemontana divaricata]]'' &ndash; [[Pinwheel Flower]], [[Nero's Crown]]. Northern [[India]] to [[Thailand]].
+* ''[[Tabernaemontana divaricata]]'' – [[Pinwheel Flower]], [[Nero's Crown]]. Northern [[India]] to [[Thailand]].
-* ''[[Tabernaemontana elegans]]'' <small>Stapf</small> &ndash; [[Toad Tree]]. [[South Africa]] north to [[Somalia]].
+* ''[[Tabernaemontana elegans]]'' <small>Stapf</small> – [[Toad Tree]]. [[South Africa]] north to [[Somalia]].
 * ''[[Tabernaemontana eusepala]]''. [[Madagascar]].
 * ''[[Tabernaemontana eusepaloides]]''. [[Madagascar]].
@@ Line 86: / Line 85: @@
 * ''[[Tabernaemontana ovalifolia]]''
 * ''[[Tabernaemontana pachysiphon]]''. Tropical East Africa.
-* ''[[Tabernaemontana pandacaqui]]'' &ndash; [[Banana Bush]]. Southeast Asia, [[Australasia]], western [[Pacific Ocean]] islands.
+* ''[[Tabernaemontana pandacaqui]]'' – [[Banana Bush]]. Southeast Asia, [[Australasia]], western [[Pacific Ocean]] islands.
 * ''[[Tabernaemontana panamensis]]''
 * ''[[Tabernaemontana phymata]]''. [[Madagascar]].
@@ Line 101: / Line 100: @@
 * ''[[Tabernaemontana stenosiphon]]''
 * ''[[Tabernaemontana thurstonii]]''
-* ''[[Tabernaemontana undulata]]'' &ndash; [[Bëcchëte]]
+* ''[[Tabernaemontana undulata]]'' – [[Bëcchëte]]
-* ''[[Tabernaemontana ventricosa]]'' <small>Hochst. ex A.DC.</small> &ndash; [[Forest Toad Tree]]. [[Cameroon]], [[South Africa]].
+* ''[[Tabernaemontana ventricosa]]'' <small>Hochst. ex A.DC.</small> – [[Forest Toad Tree]]. [[Cameroon]], [[South Africa]].
 * ''[[Tabernaemontana wullschlaegelii]]''

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 |familia=Apocynaceae
 |genus=Tabernaemontana
 |features=flowers, foliage
 |Temp Metric=°F
 |jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
 |image=Upload.png

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:24, 14 April 2010
Line 1:		Line 1:
		+	{{SPlantbox
		+	\|familia=Apocynaceae
		+	\|genus=Tabernaemontana
		+	\|features=flowers, foliage
		+	\|Temp Metric=°F
		+	\|jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
		+	\|image=Upload.png
		+	\|image_width=240
		+	}}
	{{Inc\|		{{Inc\|
	Tabernaemontana (named for J. T. Tabernaemontanus of Heidelberg, physician and botanist; died 1590). Apocynaceae. Evergreen usually glabrous trees or shrubs, grown in the warmhouse.		Tabernaemontana (named for J. T. Tabernaemontanus of Heidelberg, physician and botanist; died 1590). Apocynaceae. Evergreen usually glabrous trees or shrubs, grown in the warmhouse.

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:22, 5 August 2009
Line 5:		Line 5:

	The East Indian rosebay, T. coronaria, is one of the best ornamental shrubs for subtropical gardens. This species and T. Camassi, referred in this work to Gonioma, nourish everywhere in Florida from Jacksonville southward. If they receive proper attention, tiny cuttings soon develop into dense, bushy plants 3 to 5 feet high, covered with deliciously scented flowers throughout the summer. Indeed the plants are so densely covered with buds and flowers that it is often difficult to find a sufficient supply of cuttings for propagation. T. coronaria has larger leaves than T. Camassi and the flowers are much like those of the double white oleander, while T. Camassi has solider and smaller blossoms. Both do well under the same treatment. In order to enjoy the beauty of the East Indian rosebay to its fullest extent, it must be planted in rich, sandy soil, not too wet and not too dry, and in places fully exposed to the sun. Only very strong pot-grown plants should be set out in the garden. This should be done during the rainy season. Avoid breaking the ball in transplanting. It is useless to transplant in November, the time when most evergreens and other plants are most successfully set out. The plants at this season have no time to become established before the first sharp frost comes, and a weakened tabernaemontana is usually killed outright by even a slight frost. Just before Christmas all the plants of this nature (bauhinias, cestrums; Poinciana regia, Tristania conferta, grevilleas, eucalypti, and so on) are banked about 18 inches to 2 feet high with dry sand, and they always come through without much damage. In April or even earlier, the banking is taken away and the plants cut back to sound wood. The tabernaemontanas look best in groups by themselves or in front of other glossy leaved evergreens.		The East Indian rosebay, T. coronaria, is one of the best ornamental shrubs for subtropical gardens. This species and T. Camassi, referred in this work to Gonioma, nourish everywhere in Florida from Jacksonville southward. If they receive proper attention, tiny cuttings soon develop into dense, bushy plants 3 to 5 feet high, covered with deliciously scented flowers throughout the summer. Indeed the plants are so densely covered with buds and flowers that it is often difficult to find a sufficient supply of cuttings for propagation. T. coronaria has larger leaves than T. Camassi and the flowers are much like those of the double white oleander, while T. Camassi has solider and smaller blossoms. Both do well under the same treatment. In order to enjoy the beauty of the East Indian rosebay to its fullest extent, it must be planted in rich, sandy soil, not too wet and not too dry, and in places fully exposed to the sun. Only very strong pot-grown plants should be set out in the garden. This should be done during the rainy season. Avoid breaking the ball in transplanting. It is useless to transplant in November, the time when most evergreens and other plants are most successfully set out. The plants at this season have no time to become established before the first sharp frost comes, and a weakened tabernaemontana is usually killed outright by even a slight frost. Just before Christmas all the plants of this nature (bauhinias, cestrums; Poinciana regia, Tristania conferta, grevilleas, eucalypti, and so on) are banked about 18 inches to 2 feet high with dry sand, and they always come through without much damage. In April or even earlier, the banking is taken away and the plants cut back to sound wood. The tabernaemontanas look best in groups by themselves or in front of other glossy leaved evergreens.
		+
		+	T. Camassi, Regel. See Gonioma Kamassi.—T. dichotoma, Roxbg. (Cerbera dichotoma, Lodd.). About 6 ft. high: lvs. oblong, acute at base, obtuse at apex, 2 1/2 - 5 in. long: cymes terminal, dichotomously branched, many-fld.; fls. slightly odorous, 1 in. long. India. B.R. 27:53. L.B.C.16:1516. H.W. 3, p. 259.—T. grandifolia, Hort., is listed in the American trade, presumably an error for T. grandiflora.
	}}		}}

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:21, 5 August 2009
Line 1:		Line 1:
		+	{{Inc\|
		+	Tabernaemontana (named for J. T. Tabernaemontanus of Heidelberg, physician and botanist; died 1590). Apocynaceae. Evergreen usually glabrous trees or shrubs, grown in the warmhouse.
		+
		+	Leaves opposite, thin or leathery: cymes rather branched, terminal or dichotomously arranged: fls. white or yellowish, small or rather large; calyx usually short, deeply or to the middle 5-lobed or -parted; corolla salver-shaped, tube cylindrical, lobes twisted; disk various; ovary with 2 distinct carpels: berries or follicles 2, globose, oblong, ovoid or recurved-reniform, smooth or 3-ribbed. —About 160 species, widely distributed throughout the tropics. See Gonioma for distinctions from that genus.
		+
		+	The East Indian rosebay, T. coronaria, is one of the best ornamental shrubs for subtropical gardens. This species and T. Camassi, referred in this work to Gonioma, nourish everywhere in Florida from Jacksonville southward. If they receive proper attention, tiny cuttings soon develop into dense, bushy plants 3 to 5 feet high, covered with deliciously scented flowers throughout the summer. Indeed the plants are so densely covered with buds and flowers that it is often difficult to find a sufficient supply of cuttings for propagation. T. coronaria has larger leaves than T. Camassi and the flowers are much like those of the double white oleander, while T. Camassi has solider and smaller blossoms. Both do well under the same treatment. In order to enjoy the beauty of the East Indian rosebay to its fullest extent, it must be planted in rich, sandy soil, not too wet and not too dry, and in places fully exposed to the sun. Only very strong pot-grown plants should be set out in the garden. This should be done during the rainy season. Avoid breaking the ball in transplanting. It is useless to transplant in November, the time when most evergreens and other plants are most successfully set out. The plants at this season have no time to become established before the first sharp frost comes, and a weakened tabernaemontana is usually killed outright by even a slight frost. Just before Christmas all the plants of this nature (bauhinias, cestrums; Poinciana regia, Tristania conferta, grevilleas, eucalypti, and so on) are banked about 18 inches to 2 feet high with dry sand, and they always come through without much damage. In April or even earlier, the banking is taken away and the plants cut back to sound wood. The tabernaemontanas look best in groups by themselves or in front of other glossy leaved evergreens.
		+	}}
		+
	{{Taxobox		{{Taxobox
	\| color = lightgreen		\| color = lightgreen