Tomato - Revision history

Raffi at 04:16, 26 August 2009

2009-08-26T04:16:04Z

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Murali.lalitha at 17:34, 24 August 2009

2009-08-24T17:34:59Z

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Raffi: Reverted edits by 202.70.77.35 (Talk) to last version by Raffi

2009-05-10T00:05:57Z

Reverted edits by 202.70.77.35 (Talk) to last version by Raffi

202.70.77.35 at 20:52, 9 May 2009

2009-05-09T20:52:08Z

Raffi: simplified language

2009-03-21T14:58:32Z

simplified language

Raffi: moved plant photo up to cultivation section

2009-03-21T14:43:06Z

moved plant photo up to cultivation section

Raffi: /* Cultivars */ rearranged a bit

2009-03-21T14:40:15Z

Cultivars: rearranged a bit

Raffi: Rewrote Varieties section, combined and rewrote Sunset and WP texts

2009-03-21T14:36:38Z

Rewrote Varieties section, combined and rewrote Sunset and WP texts

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Raffi: cultivation information

2009-03-21T13:40:25Z

cultivation information

Raffi: rewrote text

2009-03-21T05:17:39Z

rewrote text

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 ==External links==
 *{{wplink}}
 {{stub}}

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 ==External links==
 *{{wplink}}
 {{stub}}

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 | cultivar =
 }}
-Tomatoes are technically fruits (berries to be exact) that are treated like vegetables.  Tomatoes are one of the most common garden plants in the United States and have a reputation for being easy to grow, and producing a prolific crop{{SSN}}. Plants usually grow 1–3 m high, on a weak, woody stem that often needs support. [[leaf|Leaves]] are 10–25 cm long, pinnate, with 5–9 leaflets, each leaflet up to 8 cm long, with a serrated margin; both the stem and leaves are densely glandular-hairy. The small, 1-2cm yellow [[flower]]s have five pointed lobes on the [[corolla]], and come on a [[cyme]] of 3–12 together.
+Tomatoes are technically fruits (berries to be exact) that are treated like vegetables.  Tomatoes are one of the most common garden plants in the United States and have a reputation for being easy to grow, and producing a prolific crop{{SSN}}. Plants usually grow 1–3 m high, on a weak, woody stem that often needs support. [[leaf|Leaves]] are 10–25 cm long, with hairy leaflets. The small, 1-2cm yellow [[flower]]s come in groups of 3–12.
 Tomatoes are grown around the world for their edible fruit, and thousands of [[cultivar]]s having been selected for varying fruit types, colors, sizes, textures, shapes, and for optimum growth in different climates and conditions. They range in size from the 1-2cm [[cherry tomato]]es, to the 10cm or more beefsteak tomatoes. Most cultivars are in the 5-6cm range and red is the most common color, though yellow, orange, pink, purple, green, or white fruit are also easily found. Some have multicolored and striped fruit. Tomatoes grown for [[canning]] are usually elongated, at 7–9 cm long and 4–5 cm wide; they are known as [[plum tomato]]es.

@@ Line 34: / Line 34: @@
 ==Cultivation==
-{{monthbox
+[[Image:Tomatos in vegie garden.jpg|thumb|300px|Tomato plants in the garden]]
 plants provide enough fruit for a family of 4 to use fresh, and preserve{{SSN}}.  Planting early, mid and late season varieties will ensure tomatoes throughout the season.  Grow in sunny spot with good drainage.  Soil should be neutral to a little acid{{SSN}}, if it's very acid add some sulfur, or if it's very alkaline add lime before planting.  Staked and trained plants can be planted 1½ - 3 feet apart, while unstaked/trained plants should be planted 3-4 feet apart.  Plant the seedlings deep, up to the first leaves, as they will form additional roots on the buried stem, giving them a healthier root system.
@@ Line 183: / Line 167: @@
 Image:unripe_tomatoes.jpg|Unripe tomatoes on a vine, good for pickling
 Image:Tomato scanned.jpg|The flower and leaves are visible in this photo of a tomato plant.
 Image:Tomato seedling.jpg|Tomato seedling
 Image:Tomato slices.jpg|Tomato slices

@@ Line 80: / Line 80: @@
 ==Cultivars==
 [[Image:Tomates anciennes.jpg|thumb|A selection of tomato cultivars showing the variation in shape and color available]]
 : See [[List of tomato cultivars]]
 There are countless tomato [[cultivar]]s today, and some of the more common are listed below.  Heirlooms tend to be grown for their flavor, colors and shapes, while hybrids are chosen for disease resistance, larger crops and uniformity.
@@ Line 96: / Line 94: @@
 aka main crop, slicing or globe.
-*'Celebrity' - widely grown
+*'Celebrity', 'Big Boy' and 'Better Boy' - widely grown
 *'Heatwave' - popular where summers are very hot
-*'Ace' - popular in California
+*'Ace' and 'Pearson' - popular in California
-*'Pearson' - popular in California
+*'Marglobe' and 'Rutgers' - old favorites
 ====Early tomatoes====
 Fruit-set begins at lower night temperatures, and usually do well in cooler summer areas.
-*'Early girl'
-*'Burpee's Early Pick'
+Includes: 'Early girl', 'Burpee's Early Pick', 'Pilgrim', 'First Lady', 'Dona'
 ====Cool-summer tomatoes====
 Require less heat for fruit-set and ripening.
-*'Oregon Spring' -
-*'Swift' -
+Includes: 'Oregon Spring', 'Swift', 'Manitoba', 'Stokesalaska'
 ====Hybrid tomatoes====
@@ Line 124: / Line 113: @@
 ====Novelty tomatoes====
 These are grown for their unusual characteristics and colors.  Many are heirloom varieties.
 *Yellow and orange fruits - 'Yellow Pear', 'Orange Queen', 'Mountain Gold', 'Lemon Boy', 'Husky Gold'
@@ Line 133: / Line 123: @@
 *'Long Keeper' - lasts for 3 months in proper storage
 *'Caro Rich' - high in beta carotene (and vitamin A)
 ====Large-fruited tomatoes====
 aka beefsteak.  Grow best where days and nights stay warm.
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 ====Heirloom tomatoes====
 A very wide variety of Heirlooms, kept for many generations exist today.
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 Many varieties of processing tomatoes are grown commercially, but just five hybrid cultivars grown in California constitute over 60% of total production of processing tomatoes.
 ==Gallery==

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 | exposure = full sun
 | water = regular
-| features =     <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
+| features = fruit
-| hardiness =     <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
+| hardiness = tender/frost sensitive
 | bloom =     <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
 | usda_zones = all
@@ Line 29: / Line 29: @@
 | cultivar =
 }}
-Tomatoes are technically fruits (berries to be exact) that are treated like vegetables.  Tomatoes are one of the most common garden vegetables in the United States and have a reputation for being easy to grow, and producing a prolific crop{{SSN}}. Plants usually grow 1–3 m high, on a weak, woody stem that often needs support. [[leaf|Leaves]] are 10–25 cm long, pinnate, with 5–9 leaflets, each leaflet up to 8 cm long, with a serrated margin; both the stem and leaves are densely glandular-hairy. The small, 1-2cm yellow [[flower]]s have five pointed lobes on the [[corolla]], and come on a [[cyme]] of 3–12 together.
+Tomatoes are technically fruits (berries to be exact) that are treated like vegetables.  Tomatoes are one of the most common garden plants in the United States and have a reputation for being easy to grow, and producing a prolific crop{{SSN}}. Plants usually grow 1–3 m high, on a weak, woody stem that often needs support. [[leaf|Leaves]] are 10–25 cm long, pinnate, with 5–9 leaflets, each leaflet up to 8 cm long, with a serrated margin; both the stem and leaves are densely glandular-hairy. The small, 1-2cm yellow [[flower]]s have five pointed lobes on the [[corolla]], and come on a [[cyme]] of 3–12 together.
 Tomatoes are grown around the world for their edible fruit, and thousands of [[cultivar]]s having been selected for varying fruit types, colors, sizes, textures, shapes, and for optimum growth in different climates and conditions. They range in size from the 1-2cm [[cherry tomato]]es, to the 10cm or more beefsteak tomatoes. Most cultivars are in the 5-6cm range and red is the most common color, though yellow, orange, pink, purple, green, or white fruit are also easily found. Some have multicolored and striped fruit. Tomatoes grown for [[canning]] are usually elongated, at 7–9 cm long and 4–5 cm wide; they are known as [[plum tomato]]es.
@@ Line 51: / Line 51: @@
 | notes =
 }}
-{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
+plants provide enough fruit for a family of 4 to use fresh, and preserve{{SSN}}.  Planting early, mid and late season varieties will ensure tomatoes throughout the season.  Grow in sunny spot with good drainage.  Soil should be neutral to a little acid{{SSN}}, if it's very acid add some sulfur, or if it's very alkaline add lime before planting.  Staked and trained plants can be planted 1½ - 3 feet apart, while unstaked/trained plants should be planted 3-4 feet apart.  Plant the seedlings deep, up to the first leaves, as they will form additional roots on the buried stem, giving them a healthier root system.
 ===Hydroponic and greenhouse cultivation===
@@ Line 62: / Line 70: @@
 ===Propagation===
-{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
+From seed.  Seeds widely available in stores and catalogs, and heirlooms varieties can be grown from seed from your favorite varieties. Plant seeds indoors 5-7 weeks before moving them to the garden in order to get a head-start on the season and production.{{SSN}}  Plant seeds under ½ in. of fine soil, firmed over the seeds, and keep damp.  Place in sunny window or cold frame.  Temperatures from 18-21°C (65-70°F) are perfect, but anywhere from 10-29°C (50-85°F) will do{{SSN}}.  When seedlings are 2 inches tall, they should be in pots at least 3-4 inches in size.  Keep in a sunny spot throughout the growing process.  If you buy seedlings at the store, choose the compact and sturdy plants.  If they're already flowering or fruiting in a small pot, they are probably root-bound and won't be as productive in the garden.
 ===Pests and diseases===

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 | common_names = Tomato
 | growth_habit = herbaceous shrub or vine
-| high =     <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
+| high = 1-3m (3-10 ft)
 | wide =     <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
 | origin = [[Mexico]] to [[Peru]]
@@ Line 29: / Line 29: @@
 | cultivar =
 }}
-Tomatoes are technically fruits (berries to be exact) that are treated like vegetables.  Tomatoes are one of the most common garden vegetables in the United States and, along with [[zucchini]], have a reputation for outproducing the needs of the grower. Plants typically grow to 1–3 m in height, with a weak, woody stem that usually scrambles over other plants. The [[leaf|leaves]] are 10–25 cm long, pinnate, with 5–9 leaflets, each leaflet up to 8 cm long, with a serrated margin; both the stem and leaves are densely glandular-hairy. The [[flower]]s are 1–2 cm across, yellow, with five pointed lobes on the [[corolla]]; they are borne in a [[cyme]] of 3–12 together.
+Tomatoes are technically fruits (berries to be exact) that are treated like vegetables.  Tomatoes are one of the most common garden vegetables in the United States and have a reputation for being easy to grow, and producing a prolific crop{{SSN}}. Plants usually grow 1–3 m high, on a weak, woody stem that often needs support. [[leaf|Leaves]] are 10–25 cm long, pinnate, with 5–9 leaflets, each leaflet up to 8 cm long, with a serrated margin; both the stem and leaves are densely glandular-hairy. The small, 1-2cm yellow [[flower]]s have five pointed lobes on the [[corolla]], and come on a [[cyme]] of 3–12 together.
-The tomato is now grown worldwide for its edible [[fruit]]s, with thousands of [[cultivar]]s having been selected with varying fruit types, and for optimum growth in differing growing conditions. Cultivated tomatoes vary in size from [[cherry tomato]]es, about the same 1–2 cm size as the wild tomato, up to beefsteak tomatoes 10 cm or more in diameter. The most widely grown commercial tomatoes tend to be in the 5–6 cm diameter range. Most cultivars produce red fruit; but a number of cultivars with yellow, orange, pink, purple, green, or white fruit are also available. Multicolored and striped fruit can also be quite striking. Tomatoes grown for [[canning]] are often elongated, 7–9 cm long and 4–5 cm diameter; they are known as [[plum tomato]]es.
+Tomatoes are grown around the world for their edible fruit, and thousands of [[cultivar]]s having been selected for varying fruit types, colors, sizes, textures, shapes, and for optimum growth in different climates and conditions. They range in size from the 1-2cm [[cherry tomato]]es, to the 10cm or more beefsteak tomatoes. Most cultivars are in the 5-6cm range and red is the most common color, though yellow, orange, pink, purple, green, or white fruit are also easily found. Some have multicolored and striped fruit. Tomatoes grown for [[canning]] are usually elongated, at 7–9 cm long and 4–5 cm wide; they are known as [[plum tomato]]es.
 ==Cultivation==
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 ===Hydroponic and greenhouse cultivation===
 [[Image:Tomatplanta.JPG|thumb|left|Young tomato plant]]
-Tomatoes are often grown in [[greenhouse]]s in cooler climates, and indeed there are cultivars such as the British 'Moneymaker' and a number of cultivars grown in [[Siberia]] that are specifically bred for indoor growing. In more [[Temperate|temperate climates]], it is not uncommon to start seeds for future transplant in greenhouses during the late winter as well. With the transplanting of tomatoes, there is a process of hardening that the plant must go through before being able to be placed outside in order to have greater survival.
+In cooler climates, tomatoes are frequently grown in [[greenhouse]]s. Cultivars like the British 'Moneymaker' and some of the cultivars grown in [[Siberia]] have been specifically bred for indoor growing. Starting seeds in a greenhouse (or at least indoors) in more [[Temperate|temperate climates]] during the winter is a common way to get a head start on the growing season. These greenhouse starts need to be hardened before planting outdoors.
-[[Hydroponic]] tomatoes are also available, and the technique is often used in hostile growing environments as well as high-density plantings.
+Tomatoes are also grown [[hydroponic]]ally, either for high-density plantings and production, or in hostile climates.
 Tomatoes are falsely claimed to be self-pollenating.  Outdoors, bees and wind do the trick, but in a greenhouse, pollination must be aided by artificial wind, vibration of the plants (one brand of vibrator is a wand called an "electric bee" that is used manually), or more often today, by cultured [[bumblebee]]s.
@@ Line 66: / Line 66: @@
 ===Pests and diseases===
 :''[[List of tomato diseases]]''
-Tomato cultivars vary widely in their resistance to disease.  Modern [[hybrid]]s focus on improving disease resistance over the [[heirloom plant]]s.  One common tomato disease is [[tobacco mosaic virus]], and for this reason smoking or use of [[tobacco]] products should be avoided around tomatoes.<ref> [http://www.extension.umn.edu/distribution/horticulture/DG1168.html Tomato-Tobacco Mosaic Virus Disease] ''Extension.umn.edu''. URL Accessed June 30, 2006.</ref> Various forms of [[mildew]] and [[blight]] are also common tomato afflictions, which is why tomato cultivars are usually marked with letters like [[VFN]], which refers to disease resistance to ''[[verticillium]]'' [[Wilting|wilt]], ''[[fusarium]]'' [[fungus]], and [[nematode]]s.
+Tomato cultivars vary widely in their resistance to disease.  [[Tobacco mosaic virus]] is a common problem, so smoking and the use of [[tobacco]] products should be kept away from tomatoes.<ref> [http://www.extension.umn.edu/distribution/horticulture/DG1168.html Tomato-Tobacco Mosaic Virus Disease] ''Extension.umn.edu''. URL Accessed June 30, 2006.</ref> Different forms of [[mildew]] and [[blight]] are also often tomato afflictions, which accounts for why tomato cultivars usually get marked with letters like [[VFN]], which indicate disease resistance to ''[[verticillium]]'' [[Wilting|wilt]], ''[[fusarium]]'' [[fungus]], and [[nematode]]s.
 Some common tomato pests are [[cutworms]], [[tomato hornworm]]s, [[aphid]]s, [[cabbage looper]]s, [[whitefly|whiteflies]], [[tomato fruitworm]]s, [[flea beetle]]s, [[slug]]s,<ref>[http://www.extension.umn.edu/distribution/horticulture/DG7561.html Slugs in Home Gardens] ''Extension.umn.edu''. URL Accessed July 14, 2006.</ref> and [[Colorado potato beetle]]s.
@@ Line 75: / Line 75: @@
 [[Image:Heirloom tomatoes.jpg|thumb|150px|A variety of heirloom tomatoes.]]
 : See [[List of tomato cultivars]]
-There are a great many tomato [[cultivar]]s grown for various purposes. This section attempts a listing of some of the more common cultivars. Heirloom cultivars are becoming increasingly popular, particularly among home gardeners and organic producers, since they tend to produce more interesting and flavorful crops at the possible cost of some disease resistance. Hybrid plants remain common, however, since they tend to be heavier producers and sometimes combine unusual characteristics of heirloom tomatoes with the ruggedness of conventional commercial tomatoes.
+There are countless tomato [[cultivar]]s today, and some of the more common are listed below.  Heirlooms tend to be grown for their flavor, colors and shapes, while hybrids are chosen for disease resistance, larger crops and uniformity.
-Tomato cultivars are roughly divided into several categories, based mostly on shape and size. "Slicing" or "globe" tomatoes are the usual tomatoes of commerce; [[beefsteak tomato]]es are large tomatoes often used for sandwiches and similar applications; [[plum tomato]]es, or paste tomatoes, are bred with a higher solid content for use in [[tomato sauce]] and [[tomato paste|paste]]; and cherry tomatoes are small, often sweet tomatoes generally eaten whole in salads.
+Tomato cultivars can be divided into several rough categories, based mostly on shape and size
-Tomatoes are also commonly classified as determinate or indeterminate. Determinate, or bush, types bear a full crop all at once and top off at a specific height; they are often good choices for container growing. Indeterminate cultivars develop into vines that never top off and continue producing until killed by frost. As an intermediate ground, there are plants sometimes known as "vigorous determinate" or "semi-determinate"; these top off like determinates but produce a second crop after the initial crop. Many, if not all, tomatoes described as heirlooms are indeterminate.
+Tomatoes are also commonly classified as determinate or indeterminate.
 Commonly grown cultivars include:
@@ Line 96: / Line 103: @@
 *'Purple Haze' (large cherry, indeterminate. Derived from Cherokee Purple, Brandywine and Black Cherry)
 *'[[Roma]] VF' (a [[plum tomato]] common in supermarkets)
-*'Rutg
+*'Rutgers' (a commercial heirloom cultivar)
 *'San Marzano' (a plum tomato popular in Italy)
 *'Santa F1' (a [[China|Chinese]] [[grape tomato]] cultivar popular in the U.S. and parts of southeast Asia)
@@ Line 103: / Line 109: @@
 *'Sweet 100' (a very prolific, indeterminate cherry tomato)
 *'Yellow Pear' (a yellow, [[Pear shaped|pear-shaped]] heirloom cultivar)
 ==Gallery==