Vinca minor - Revision history

Kirka at 17:16, 14 April 2013

2013-04-14T17:16:49Z

Raffi at 00:59, 30 October 2009

2009-10-30T00:59:38Z

Murali.lalitha at 12:45, 29 October 2009

2009-10-29T12:45:17Z

Raffi at 00:44, 3 June 2009

2009-06-03T00:44:21Z

Raffi at 17:32, 7 March 2008

2008-03-07T17:32:04Z

New page

{{Taxobox
| color = lightgreen
| name = ''Vinca minor''
| image = Vinca minor.JPG
| image_width = 240px
| image_caption = ''Vinca minor'' plant
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Gentianales]]
| familia = [[Apocynaceae]]
| genus = ''[[Vinca]]''
| species = '''''V. minor'''''
| binomial = ''Vinca minor''
| binomial_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
}}

'''''Vinca minor''''' ('''Lesser Periwinkle''') is a [[plant]] native to central and southern [[Europe]], from [[Portugal]] and [[France]] north to the [[Netherlands]] and the [[Baltic countries|Baltic States]], and east to the [[Caucasus]], and also in southwestern [[Asia]] in [[Turkey]].

[[Image:Vinca major-minor margins.jpg|left|thumb|Leaf margins for comparison; ''[[Vinca minor]]'' above, ''[[Vinca major]]'' below; note hairless margin of ''V. minor'', hairy margin of ''V. major''.]]
It is a trailing [[subshrub]], spreading along the ground and rooting along the stems to form large [[clonal colony|clonal colonies]] and occasionally scrambling up to 40 cm high but never twining or climbing. The [[leaf|leaves]] are [[evergreen]], opposite, 2-4.5 cm long and 1-2.5 cm broad, glossy dark green with a leathery texture and an entire margin. The [[flower]]s are solitary in the leaf axils and are produced mainly from early spring to mid summer but with a few flowers still produced into the autumn; they are violet-purple (pale purple or white in some cultivated selections), 2-3 cm diameter, with a five-lobed corolla. The [[fruit]] is a pair of [[follicle (fruit)|follicles]] 2.5 cm long, containing numerous seeds.

The closely related species ''[[Vinca major]]'' is similar but larger in all parts, and also has relatively broader leaves with a hairy margin.

===Cultivation and uses===
[[Image:Vinca minor patch MN 2007.JPG|thumb|Ground cover with dense growth]]
The species is commonly grown as a [[groundcover]] in temperate gardens for its evergreen foliage, spring and summer flowers, ease of culture, and dense habit that smothers most weeds. The species has few pests or diseases outside it native range and is widely [[naturalisation (biology)|naturalised]] and classified as an [[invasive species]] in parts of [[North America]] [http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=VIMI2]. There are numerous [[cultivar]]s, with different flower colours and [[variegation|variegated]] foliage, including 'Argenteovariegata' (white leaf edges), 'Aureovariegata' (yellow leaf edges), 'Gertrude Jekyll' (white flowers), and 'Plena' (double flowers).

Other vernacular names used in cultivation include '''Small Periwinkle''', '''Common Periwinkle''', and sometimes in the [[United States]], '''Myrtle''' or '''Creeping Myrtle''' (as a result of confusion with the unrelated [[myrtle]]s [http://www2.eugeneweekly.com/2003/091103culture.html]).

*[[Ethnomedical]]ly, the dried leaves, aerial parts, and in some cases the entire plant of ''Vinca'', are used to enhance blood [[circulation]], including that of the [[brain]], enhance [[metabolism]] in the brain, and to treat [[cardiovascular]] disorders.

[[Vincamine]] is the [[pharmaceutical]] molecule responsible for ''Vinca's'' [[nootropic]] activity.

==References==
*[http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Vinca&SPECIES_XREF=minor&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK= Flora Europaea: ''Vinca minor'' distribution]
*[http://www.vc.ehu.es/plfarm/47.vimi.htm Morphology and ecology of ''Vinca minor''] (in Spanish)
*[http://www.borealforest.org/world/herbs_shrubs/lesser_periwinkle.htm Borealforest: ''Vinca minor'']
*[http://hcs.osu.edu/pocketgardener/source/description/vi_minor.html ''Vinca minor''] (from Ohio State University's [http://hcs.osu.edu/pocketgardener/source/index.html Pocket Gardener])
*[http://www.invasive.org/browse/subject.cfm?sub=3081 Common Periwinkle] (as an invasive species; includes photos)
*Blamey, M., & Grey-Wilson, C. (1989). ''Flora of Britain and Northern Europe''. Hodder & Stoughton.
*Huxley, A., ed. (1992). ''New RHS Dictionary of Gardening'' 4: 665. Macmillan.

==External links==
*[http://biotech.icmb.utexas.edu/botany/perihist.html Traditional Medicine Uses]

@@ Line 12: / Line 12: @@
 |exposure=part-sun, shade
 |water=moderate
-|features=flowers, naturalizes, ground cover
+|features=flowers, naturalizes, invasive, ground cover, fire resistant
 |Temp Metric=°F
 |sunset_zones=1-24, 28-43
 |image=Vinca minor.JPG

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{SPlantbox
 |Min ht metric=cm
 |Temp Metric=°F
-|image=Upload.png
+|sunset_zones=1-24, 28-43
 |image_width=240
 }}
 {{Inc|
-Vinca minor, Linn. Common Periwinkle. Blue, Running, or Trailing Myrtle. Fig. 3933. Hardy evergreen, trailing herb: fl.-sts. erect, sometimes nearly a foot high: lvs. ovate, oblong-ovate, or elliptic-lanceolate, not more than 1 1/2 in. long, glabrous, petiole very short with 2 glands at the top: fls. lilac-blue; calyx-lobes lanceolate, rather obtuse; corolla-lobes cuneate, obtuse and truncate. Eu. G. 2:64.-Common in all country gardens and running wild in cemeteries and shady places. Some of the horticultural varieties are: Var. alba, Hort., which has single white fls. Var. alba plena, Hort., with double white fls. Var. alba variegata, Hort., is a form with variegated lvs. and single white fls. Var. argentea variegata, Hort., has the lvs. silvery variegated. Var. atropurpurea compacta, Hort., has single dark purple fls. Var. aurea, Hort., has been in the trade, a form with golden foliage. F.E. 33:479. Var. aurea variegata, Hort., has golden variegated lvs. Var. caerulea, Hort. (V. caerulea, Hort. V. caerulea minor, Hort.), is a form with bright blue, single fls. There is also a form known as V. caerulea argentea marginata, Hort., which has the lvs. margined with silvery white. Var. flore-pleno, Hort., probably the same as var. plena. Var. plena, Hort., has double fls., otherwise like the type. Var. purpurea plena, Hort., has double purple fls. Gn. 50:102. Var. rosea, Hort., has single rosy fls. Var. rosea fl.-pl. Hort., is like the last but double-fld. Var. variegata, Hort., is a variegated-lvd., blue-fld. form offered in the trade. V. elegantissima alba, Hort., and also "The Bride," a form with white fls. which are pink-centered belong to this species.
+Vinca minor, Linn. Common Periwinkle. Blue, Running, or Trailing Myrtle. Fig. 3933. Hardy evergreen, trailing herb: fl.-sts. erect, sometimes nearly a foot high: lvs. ovate, oblong-ovate, or elliptic-lanceolate, not more than 1 1/2 in. long, glabrous, petiole very short with 2 glands at the top: fls. lilac-blue; calyx-lobes lanceolate, rather obtuse; corolla-lobes cuneate, obtuse and truncate.-Common in all country gardens and running wild in cemeteries and shady places. Some of the horticultural varieties are: Var. alba, Hort., which has single white fls. Var. alba plena, Hort., with double white fls. Var. alba variegata, Hort., is a form with variegated lvs. and single white fls. Var. argentea variegata, Hort., has the lvs. silvery variegated. Var. atropurpurea compacta, Hort., has single dark purple fls. Var. aurea, Hort., has been in the trade, a form with golden foliage. Var. aurea variegata, Hort., has golden variegated lvs. Var. caerulea, Hort. (V. caerulea, Hort. V. caerulea minor, Hort.), is a form with bright blue, single fls. There is also a form known as V. caerulea argentea marginata, Hort., which has the lvs. margined with silvery white. Var. flore-pleno, Hort., probably the same as var. plena. Var. plena, Hort., has double fls., otherwise like the type. Var. purpurea plena, Hort., has double purple fls. Var. rosea, Hort., has single rosy fls. Var. rosea fl.-pl. Hort., is like the last but double-fld. Var. variegata, Hort., is a variegated-lvd., blue-fld. form offered in the trade. V. elegantissima alba, Hort., and also "The Bride," a form with white fls. which are pink-centered belong to this species.
 }}
@@ Line 74: / Line 54: @@
 *{{wplink}}
-{{stub}}
+__NOTOC__

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:45, 29 October 2009
Line 1:		Line 1:
		+	{{SPlantbox
		+	\|Min ht metric=cm
		+	\|Temp Metric=°F
		+	\|image=Upload.png
		+	\|image_width=240
		+	}}
		+	{{Inc\|
		+	Vinca minor, Linn. Common Periwinkle. Blue, Running, or Trailing Myrtle. Fig. 3933. Hardy evergreen, trailing herb: fl.-sts. erect, sometimes nearly a foot high: lvs. ovate, oblong-ovate, or elliptic-lanceolate, not more than 1 1/2 in. long, glabrous, petiole very short with 2 glands at the top: fls. lilac-blue; calyx-lobes lanceolate, rather obtuse; corolla-lobes cuneate, obtuse and truncate. Eu. G. 2:64.-Common in all country gardens and running wild in cemeteries and shady places. Some of the horticultural varieties are: Var. alba, Hort., which has single white fls. Var. alba plena, Hort., with double white fls. Var. alba variegata, Hort., is a form with variegated lvs. and single white fls. Var. argentea variegata, Hort., has the lvs. silvery variegated. Var. atropurpurea compacta, Hort., has single dark purple fls. Var. aurea, Hort., has been in the trade, a form with golden foliage. F.E. 33:479. Var. aurea variegata, Hort., has golden variegated lvs. Var. caerulea, Hort. (V. caerulea, Hort. V. caerulea minor, Hort.), is a form with bright blue, single fls. There is also a form known as V. caerulea argentea marginata, Hort., which has the lvs. margined with silvery white. Var. flore-pleno, Hort., probably the same as var. plena. Var. plena, Hort., has double fls., otherwise like the type. Var. purpurea plena, Hort., has double purple fls. Gn. 50:102. Var. rosea, Hort., has single rosy fls. Var. rosea fl.-pl. Hort., is like the last but double-fld. Var. variegata, Hort., is a variegated-lvd., blue-fld. form offered in the trade. V. elegantissima alba, Hort., and also "The Bride," a form with white fls. which are pink-centered belong to this species.
		+	}}
		+
	__NOTOC__{{Plantbox		__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
	\| name = ''Vinca minor''		\| name = ''Vinca minor''

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Taxobox
+__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
 | name = ''Vinca minor''
 | image = Vinca minor.JPG
-| image_width = 240px
+| image_width = 240px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
 | image_caption = ''Vinca minor'' plant
-| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
+| regnum = Plantae
-| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
+| divisio = Magnoliophyta
-| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
+| classis = Magnoliopsida
-| ordo = [[Gentianales]]
+| ordo = Gentianales
-| familia = [[Apocynaceae]]
+| familia = Apocynaceae
-| genus = ''[[Vinca]]''
+| genus = Vinca
-| species = '''''V. minor'''''
+| species = minor
-| binomial = ''Vinca minor''
+| subspecies =
-| binomial_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
+| cultivar =
 }}
-'''''Vinca minor''''' ('''Lesser Periwinkle''') is a [[plant]] native to central and southern [[Europe]], from [[Portugal]] and [[France]] north to the [[Netherlands]] and the [[Baltic countries|Baltic States]], and east to the [[Caucasus]], and also in southwestern [[Asia]] in [[Turkey]].
+==Cultivation==
+{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
-The closely related species ''[[Vinca major]]'' is similar but larger in all parts, and also has relatively broader leaves with a hairy margin.
+===Propagation===
-===Cultivation and uses===
+===Pests and diseases===
-[[Image:Vinca minor patch MN 2007.JPG|thumb|Ground cover with dense growth]]
+{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
-Other vernacular names used in cultivation include '''Small Periwinkle''', '''Common Periwinkle''', and sometimes in the [[United States]], '''Myrtle''' or '''Creeping Myrtle''' (as a result of confusion with the unrelated [[myrtle]]s [http://www2.eugeneweekly.com/2003/091103culture.html]).
+==Species==
-*[[Ethnomedical]]ly, the dried leaves, aerial parts, and in some cases the entire plant of ''Vinca'', are used to enhance blood [[circulation]], including that of the [[brain]], enhance [[metabolism]] in the brain, and to treat [[cardiovascular]] disorders.
+==Gallery==
-[[Vincamine]] is the [[pharmaceutical]] molecule responsible for ''Vinca's'' [[nootropic]] activity.
+<gallery>
 ==References==
-*[http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Vinca&SPECIES_XREF=minor&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK= Flora Europaea: ''Vinca minor'' distribution]
+*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
-*[http://www.vc.ehu.es/plfarm/47.vimi.htm Morphology and ecology of ''Vinca minor''] (in Spanish)
+<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
-*[http://www.borealforest.org/world/herbs_shrubs/lesser_periwinkle.htm Borealforest: ''Vinca minor'']
+<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
-*[http://hcs.osu.edu/pocketgardener/source/description/vi_minor.html ''Vinca minor''] (from Ohio State University's [http://hcs.osu.edu/pocketgardener/source/index.html Pocket Gardener])
+<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
 ==External links==
-*[http://biotech.icmb.utexas.edu/botany/perihist.html Traditional Medicine Uses]
+*{{wplink}}