View source for Fennel

:''for Giant Fennel see [[Ferula communis|Ferula]]''
__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
| name = ''Foeniculum vulgare''
| common_names = Fennel
| growth_habit = herbaceous
| high = ?m (smaller to 15 ft)
| wide =     <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
| origin = ?   <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
| poisonous =     <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
| lifespan = perennial
| exposure = ?   <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
| water = ?   <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
| features =     <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
| hardiness =     <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
| bloom =     <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
| usda_zones = ?   <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
| sunset_zones =     <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
| color = IndianRed
| image = Foeniculum vulgare.JPG
| image_width = 240px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
| image_caption = Fennel in flower
| regnum = Plantae
| divisio = Magnoliophyta
| classis = Magnoliopsida
| ordo = Apiales
| familia = Apiaceae
| genus = Foeniculum
| species = vulgare
}}
{{Inc|
Fennel. Species of Foeniculum (Umbelliferae). annuals or treated as such, used as salad or condimentai herbs. Native of southern Europe. The common fennel (F. vulgare, old name F. officinale) is grown mostly for its young leaves, which are used in flavoring, and also for its aromatic seeds. Leaves sometimes eaten raw. Sow seeds in late fall to ensure early germination in spring, or sow in early spring. In any good soil, the plant comes to maturity quickly. This plant has become in California one of the most widely naturalized European weeds. It is a pest in pastures, said at times to attain 12 or 15 feet.

The Florence or sweet fennel is F. dulce, DC. The bases of the crowded leaf-stalks are much thickened, making a bulb-like enlargement above the ground. This thickened base has an oval form in cross-section. Earthing-up blanches these thickened leaf-bases, and after boiling they are fit for eating. A good fennel bottom may be 3 or 4 inches high. This is an Italian vegetable, but is in the American trade. Easily cultivated annual; matures quickly. Sow in spring, and later for succession.

Giant fennel is cultivated for ornament, and is described under Ferula. Fennel-flower is a name of Nigella.
{{SCH}}
}}

==Cultivation==
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===Propagation===
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===Pests and diseases===
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==Species==
<!--  This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc    -->

==Gallery==
{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->

<gallery>
Image:Upload.png| photo 1
Image:Upload.png| photo 2
Image:Upload.png| photo 3
[[Image:Wild fennel flowers.jpg|thumb|[[Close-up]] of wild fennel flowers]]
[[Image:Koeh-148.jpg|right|thumb|Fennel, from Koehler's ''Medicinal-plants'' (1887)]]
[[Image:Fennel seed.jpg|left|thumb|Fennel seeds]]
</gallery>

==References==
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->

==External links==
*{{wplink}}

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[[Category:Categorize]]

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