View source for Ormosia

{{SPlantbox
|familia=Fabaceae
|genus=Ormosia
|taxo_author=Jacks.
|common_name=Ormosias, Horse-eye beans
|lifespan=perennial
|Temp Metric=°F
|jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
|image=Upload.png
|image_width=240
}}
'''''Ormosia''''' is a [[genus]] of [[legume]]s ([[family (biology)|family]] [[Fabaceae]]). The more than 110 living [[species]], mostly [[tree]]s or large [[shrub]]s, are distributed throughout the [[tropical]] regions of the world, some extending into [[temperate]] zones, especially in [[East Asia]]. A few species are threatened by [[habitat destruction]], while the [[Hainan Ormosia]] (''O. howii'') is probably [[extinct]] already. 

Plants in this genus are commonly known as '''horse-eye beans''' or simply '''ormosias''', and in [[Spanish (language)|Spanish]] by the somewhat ambiguous term '''''"[[chocho]]"'''''. The [[scientific name]] ''Ormosia'' is a ''[[nomen conservandum]]'', overruling ''Toulichiba'' which is formally rejected in the 2006 ''[[International Code of Botanical Nomenclature]]''<ref name = usda2007 />.

The [[seed]]s of these plants are [[poison]]ous if eaten, but often look pretty, with bright colors and decorative patterns reminiscent of an [[eye]]; the common name "horse-eye beans" refers to these seeds. They resemble the seeds of ''[[Abrus]]'', [[snoutbean]]s (''Rhynchosia'') and ''[[Adenanthera]]'', but are much larger than the former two. In particular those of ''[[Ormosia coccinea]]'' are often used for [[jewelry]] and other decorative purposes, or as [[good luck charm]]s. The seeds float and are occasionally found as "[[Drift seed|sea bean]]s". 

{{Inc|
Ormosia (from Greek, for necklace: the brilliant seeds of some species used as beads). Leguminosae. Necklace Tree. Trees, around the world in the tropics, of 40 or more species, bearing large panicles or racemes of white, lilac or black-purple papilionaceous fls., and often handsomely colored seeds, planted sometimes in warm countries: calyx more or less 2-lobed, the 2 upper teeth being somewhat connate: standard very broad, the wings obovate-oblong and oblique; stamens free and unequal; stigma lateral: pod leathery, woody, or fleshy, oblong to linear and compressed, wingless and 2-valved, sometimes septate: Lvs. odd-pinnate, with coriaceous lfts.

Other species do not appear in accessible lists, but they may be sparingly in cult. O. coccinea. Jacks., of 8. Amer., is in horticultural literature: lfts. ovate, the margins revolute: fls. blue: pod glabrous and shining; seeds scarlet, with black spot.
}}

==Cultivation==


===Propagation===


===Pests and diseases===


==Species==
116 species are accepted as valid by [[ILDIS]]:<ref>ILDIS (2005)</ref>
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{{col-1-of-3}}
* ''[[Ormosia amazonica]]'' <small>Ducke</small>
* ''[[Ormosia antioquensis]]'' <small>Rudd</small>
* ''[[Ormosia apiculata]]'' <small>L.Chen</small>
* ''[[Ormosia arborea]]'' <small>(Vell.) Harms</small>
* ''[[Ormosia assamica]]'' <small>Yakovlev</small>
* ''[[Ormosia avilensis]]'' <small>Pittier</small>
* ''[[Ormosia bahiensis]]'' <small>Monach.</small>
* ''[[Ormosia balansae]]'' <small>Drake</small>
* ''[[Ormosia bancana]]'' <small>(Miq.) Merr.</small>
* ''[[Ormosia bopiensis]]'' <small>J.F.Macbr.</small>
* ''[[Ormosia calavensis]]'' <small>Blanco</small>
* ''[[Ormosia cambodiana]]'' <small>Gagnep.</small>
* ''[[Ormosia chevalieri]]'' <small>Niyomdham</small>
* ''[[Ormosia cinerea]]'' <small>Benoist</small>
* ''[[Ormosia coarctata]]'' <small>Jacks.</small>
* ''[[Ormosia coccinea]]''
* ''[[Ormosia colombiana]]'' <small>Rudd</small>
* ''[[Ormosia costulata]]'' <small>(Miq.) Kleinhoonte</small>
* ''[[Ormosia coutinhoi]]'' <small>Ducke</small> &ndash; [[Red Horse-eye Bean]]
* ''[[Ormosia crassivalvis]]'' <small>Gagnep.</small>
* ''[[Ormosia cruenta]]''
* ''[[Ormosia cuatrecasasii]]'' <small>Rudd</small>
* ''[[Ormosia discolor]]'' <small>Benth.</small>
* ''[[Ormosia elata]]'' <small>Rudd</small>
* ''[[Ormosia elliptica]]'' <small>Q.W.Yao & R.H.Chang</small>
* ''[[Ormosia emarginata]]'' <small>(Hook. & Arn.) Benth.</small> (= ''O. glaberrima'' <small>C.Y.Wu</small>)
* ''[[Ormosia eugeniifolia]]'' <small>R.H.Chang</small>
* ''[[Ormosia excelsa]]'' <small>Benth.</small>
* ''[[Ormosia fastigiata]]'' <small>Tul.</small>
* ''[[Ormosia ferruginea]]'' <small>R.H.Chang</small>
* ''[[Ormosia flava]]'' <small>(Ducke) Rudd</small>
* ''[[Ormosia fordiana]]'' <small>Oliv.</small>
* ''[[Ormosia formosana]]'' <small>Kaneh.</small>
* ''[[Ormosia friburgensis]]'' <small>Glaz.</small>
* ''[[Ormosia froesii]]'' <small>Rudd</small>
* ''[[Ormosia glaberrima]]'' <small>Y.C.Wu</small>
* ''[[Ormosia glauca]]'' <small>Wall.</small>
* ''[[Ormosia gracilis]]''
* ''[[Ormosia grandiflora]]'' <small>(Tul.) Rudd</small>
* ''[[Ormosia grandistipulata]]''
{{col-2-of-3}}
* ''[[Ormosia grossa]]'' <small>Rudd</small>
* ''[[Ormosia hekouensis]]'' <small>R.H.Chang</small>
* ''[[Ormosia henryi]]'' <small>Prain</small>
* ''[[Ormosia hoaensis]]'' <small>Gagnep.</small>
* ''[[Ormosia holerythra]]'' <small>Ducke</small>
* ''[[Ormosia hosiei]]''
* ''[[Ormosia howii]]'' &ndash; [[Hainan Ormosia]] (probably [[extinct]])
* ''[[Ormosia indurata]]'' <small>L.Chen</small>
* ''[[Ormosia inflata]]'' <small>Merr. & L.Chen</small>
* ''[[Ormosia isthmensis]]'' <small>Standl.</small>
* ''[[Ormosia jamaicensis]]''
* ''[[Ormosia kerrii]]'' <small>Niyomdham</small>
* ''[[Ormosia krugii]]'' <small>Urb.</small>
* ''[[Ormosia laosensis]]'' <small>Niyomdham</small>
* ''[[Ormosia larecajana]]'' <small>Rudd</small>
* ''[[Ormosia lignivalvis]]'' <small>Rudd</small>
* ''[[Ormosia longipes]]'' <small>L.Chen</small>
* ''[[Ormosia macrocalyx]]'' <small>Ducke</small>
* ''[[Ormosia macrodisca]]'' <small>Baker</small>
* ''[[Ormosia macrophylla]]'' <small>Benth.</small>
* ''[[Ormosia maguireorum]]'' <small>Rudd</small>
* ''[[Ormosia melanocarpa]]'' <small>Kleinhoonte</small>
* ''[[Ormosia microphylla]]'' <small>Merr. & L.Chen</small>
* ''[[Ormosia minor]]'' <small>Vogel</small>
* ''[[Ormosia monosperma]]'' <small>(Sw.) Urb.</small>
* ''[[Ormosia nanningensis]]'' <small>L.Chen</small>
* ''[[Ormosia napoensis]]'' <small>Z.Wei & R.H.Chang</small>
* ''[[Ormosia nitida]]'' <small>Vogel</small>
* ''[[Ormosia nobilis]]'' <small>Tul.</small><!-- Caldasia27:89. -->
* ''[[Ormosia nuda]]'' <small>(F.C.How) R.H.Chang & Q.W.Yao</small>
* ''[[Ormosia oaxacana]]'' <small>Rudd</small>
* ''[[Ormosia olivacea]]'' <small>L.Chen</small>
* ''[[Ormosia ormondii]]'' <small>(F.Muell.) Merr.</small>
* ''[[Ormosia pachycarpa]]'' <small>Benth.</small> &ndash; [[Hairy-fruited Ormosia]]
* ''[[Ormosia pachyptera]]'' <small>L.Chen</small>
* ''[[Ormosia panamensis]]'' &ndash; ''coronil, sur espino''
* ''[[Ormosia paniculata]]'' <small>Merr.</small>
* ''[[Ormosia paraensis]]'' <small>Ducke</small>
{{col-3-of-3}}
* ''[[Ormosia penangensis]]'' <small>Ridl.</small>
* ''[[Ormosia peruviana]]'' <small>Rudd</small>
* ''[[Ormosia pingbianensis]]'' <small>W.C.Cheng & R.H.Chang</small>
* ''[[Ormosia pinnata]]'' <small>(Lour.) Merr.</small> (= ''O. semicastrata'' <small>auct. ''non'' Hance</small>)
* ''[[Ormosia poilanei]]'' <small>Niyomdham</small>
* ''[[Ormosia polita]]'' (= ''O. nitida'' <small>Prain</small>)<!-- this can be removed when the actua O. nitida has its own article with disambiguation to O. polita -->
* ''[[Ormosia pubescens]]'' <small>R.H.Chang</small>
* ''[[Ormosia purpureiflora]]'' <small>L.Chen</small>
* ''[[Ormosia revoluta]]'' <small>Rudd</small>
* ''[[Ormosia robusta]]'' <small>Baker</small>
* ''[[Ormosia ruddiana]]'' <small>Yakovlev</small>
* ''[[Ormosia saxatilis]]'' <small>K.M.Lan</small>
* ''[[Ormosia scandens]]'' <small>Prain</small>
* ''[[Ormosia schippii]]'' <small>Standl. & Steyerm.</small>
* ''[[Ormosia schunkei]]'' <small>Rudd</small>
* ''[[Ormosia semicastrata]]'' <small>Hance</small>
* ''[[Ormosia sericeolucida]]'' <small>L.Chen</small>
* ''[[Ormosia simplicifolia]]'' <small>Merr. & L.Chen</small>
* ''[[Ormosia smithii]]'' <small>Rudd</small>
* ''[[Ormosia solimoesensis]]'' <small>Rudd</small>
* ''[[Ormosia steyermarkii]]'' <small>Rudd</small>
* ''[[Ormosia stipulacea]]'' <small>Meeuwen</small>
* ''[[Ormosia stipularis]]'' <small>Ducke</small>
* ''[[Ormosia striata]]'' <small>Dunn</small>
* ''[[Ormosia sumatrana]]'' <small>(Miq.) Prain</small> (= ''O. coarctata'' <small>auct. ''non'' Jacks.</small>)
* ''[[Ormosia surigaensis]]'' <small>Merr.</small>
* ''[[Ormosia tavoyana]]'' <small>Prain</small>
* ''[[Ormosia tonkinensis]]'' <small>Gagnep.</small>
* ''[[Ormosia tovarensis]]'' <small>Pittier</small>
* ''[[Ormosia travancorica]]'' <small>Bedd.</small>
* ''[[Ormosia tsangii]]'' <small>L.Chen</small>
* ''[[Ormosia velutina]]'' <small>Rudd</small>
* ''[[Ormosia venezolana]]'' <small>Rudd</small>
* ''[[Ormosia venosa]]'' <small>Baker</small>
* ''[[Ormosia vicosana]]'' <small>Rudd</small>
* ''[[Ormosia williamsii]]'' <small>Rudd</small>
* ''[[Ormosia xylocarpa]]'' <small>Merr. & L.Chen</small>
* ''[[Ormosia zahnii]]'' <small>Harms</small>
{{col-end}}
</div>

==Gallery==

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==References==
<references/>
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->

==External links==
*{{wplink}}

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