Edit Plant: Acanthus

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'''''Acanthus''''' is a [[genus]] of about 30 species of [[flowering plant]]s in the family [[Acanthaceae]], native to tropical and warm temperate regions of the [[Roman World]], with the highest species diversity in the [[Mediterranean Basin]] and [[Asia]]. Common names include '''Acanthus''' and '''Bear's breeches'''. The generic name is derived from the [[Greek language|Greek]] word ακανθος (''acanthos''), meaning "thorny."<ref>{{cite book |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=esMPU5DHEGgC& |first=Umberto |last=Quattrocchi |title=CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names: A-C |year=2000 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9780849326752 |page=23}}</ref> The genus comprises [[Herbaceous plant|herbaceous]] [[perennial plant]]s, rarely [[subshrub]]s, with spiny leaves and flower [[raceme|spikes]] bearing white or purplish flowers. Size varies from {{convert|0.4|to|2|m|ft|abbr=on}} in height. {{Inc| Acanthus (akanthos, thorn). Acanthaceae. Bear's Breech. A genus of twenty species of temperate Old World, mostly hardy herbaceous perennials of vigorous growth and broad pinnatifid foliage, suitable for backgrounds of borders and subtropical effects. Height 3-4 ft.: spikes 1-1 1/2 ft. long; fls. dull white to rose or purplish, sessile, spicate, densely clustered; corolla 1-lipped, the lip 3-lobed; anthers 1-celled, ciliate. Mostly S. Eu. They need a rich, light, well-drained soil and much sunshine. Excessive moisture is fatal, especially in winter and spring. Fall-planted stock should always be protected for the winter by long litter or evergreen boughs, even where established plants are hardy. Must be deeply mulched north in winter. Propagation is by division in spring or early autumn, and by seeds. It is supposed that acanthus leaves afforded the suggestion for the foliage decoration on the capital of the Corinthian and other columns. Fig. 85 shows the conventionalized decoration, and Fig. 86 the form of leaf of A. spinosus. The leaves of A. mollis were probably also involved in variations of decoration.{{SCH}} }} ==Cultivation== {{edit-cult}} ===Propagation=== {{edit-prop}} ===Pests and diseases=== {{edit-pests}} ==Species== Selected species{{wp}}: *''[[Acanthus balcanicus]]'' Heywood & I.Richardson (Syn. ''Acanthus hungaricus'' ([[Vincze von Borbás|Borbás]]) [[Carl Baenitz|Baenitz]], ''Acanthus longifolius'' [[Nicolaus Thomas Host|Host]]) *''[[Acanthus dioscoridis]]'' [[Carl Ludwig Willdenow|Willd.]] *''[[Acanthus ebracteatus]]'' [[Martin Vahl|Vahl]] *''[[Acanthus eminens]]'' [[Charles Baron Clarke|C.B.Clarke]] *''[[Acanthus hirsutus]]'' [[Pierre Edmond Boissier|Boiss.]] *''[[Acanthus ilicifolius]]'' [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]] *''[[Acanthus mollis]]'' [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]] *''[[Acanthus montanus]]'' [[Thomas Anderson (botanist)|T.Anders.]] *''[[Acanthus polystachyus]]'' [[Alire Raffeneau-Delile|Delile]] *''[[Acanthus spinosus]]'' [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]] *''[[Acanthus syriacus]]'' [[Pierre Edmond Boissier|Boiss.]]<ref name="GRINSpecies>{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?61 |title=Species Records of ''Acanthus'' |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |accessdate=2010-06-19}}</ref> ==Gallery== {{photo-sources}} <gallery> Image:Acanthus montanus3.jpg| Acanthus montanus Image:Upload.png| photo 2 Image:Upload.png| photo 3 </gallery> ==References== *[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963    ==External links== *{{wplink}} {{stub}} __NOTOC__

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