Edit Plant: Buckwheat

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{{Otheruses4|the African/Eurasian buckwheat plant|other plants which are called similar common names|Wild buckwheat}} '''Buckwheat''' refers to plants in two genera of the [[dicot]] family [[Polygonaceae]]: the Eurasian genus ''[[Fagopyrum]]'', and the North American genus ''[[Eriogonum]]''. The crop plant, common buckwheat, is ''Fagopyrum esculentum''. [[Tartary Buckwheat|Tartary buckwheat]] (''F. tataricum'' Gaertn.) or "bitter buckwheat" is also used as a crop, but it is much less common. Despite the common name and the grain-like use of the crop, buckwheat is not a [[cereal]] or [[Poaceae|grass]]. It is called a [[pseudocereal]] to emphasize that it is not related to [[wheat]]. The agricultural weed known as [[Wild Buckwheat]] (''Fallopia convolvulus'') is in the same family, but not closely related to the crop species. Within ''Fagopyrum'', the cultivated species are in the cymosum group, with ''F. cymosum'' L. (perennial buckwheat), ''F. giganteum'' and ''F. homotropicum''.<ref>{{cite journal|author=T. Sharma, S. Jana|year=2002|title=Species relationships in ''Fagopyrum'' revealed by PCR-based DNA fingerprinting|journal= Theoretical and Applied Genetics| doi=10.1007/s00122-002-0938-9|volume=105|pages=306–312|pmid=12582533|issue=2-3}}</ref> The wild ancestor of common buckwheat is ''F. esculentum'' ssp.''ancestrale''. ''F. homotropicum'' is interfertile with ''F. esculentum'' and the wild forms have a common distribution, in [[Yunnan]]. The wild ancestor of tartary buckwheat is ''F. tataricum'' ssp. ''potanini''.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Ohnishi, O., Matsuoka, Y.|year=1996|title=Search for the wild ancestor of buckwheat II. Taxonomy of ''Fagopyrum'' (Polygonaceae) species based on morphology, isozymes and cpDNA variability|journal= Genes and Genetic Systems|volume=71|pages=383–390 | doi = 10.1266/ggs.71.383}}</ref> {{Inc| Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum, Moench). Polygonàccse. A tender annual grain plant, flour being made of the large 3-cornered fr. It is much grown in the N. U. S., usually being sown about the first of July. It is also a favorite for bee forage. Buckwheat is native to Cent. Siberia and Manchuria, and is now widely cult., although it is a grain of secondary importance. The Tartarian buckwheat (F. tatáricum, Gaertn.) is occasionally seen. It has smaller and yellowish fls., and a smaller roughish, wavy- angled fr. This species is often confounded with forms of F. esculentum, from which it is really easily distinguished. Buckwheat is a good cleaning crop for weedy and hard lands. }} ==Cultivation== ===Propagation=== ===Pests and diseases=== ==Varieties== ==Gallery== <gallery perrow=5> File:Sarrasin 02.JPG File:Fagopyrum esculentum, Boekweit bloemen (1).jpg File:Fagopyrum esculentum fruits, Boekweit dopvruchten.jpg File:Fagopyrum гречка.jpg File:Illustration Fagopyrum esculentum0.jpg </gallery> ==References== <references/> *[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963    ==External links== *{{wplink}} {{stub}} __NOTOC__

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