Edit Plant: Jacaranda

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'''''Jacaranda''''' (pronounced {{IPA|[ʒa.ka.ˈran.da]}}, {{IPA|[ha.ka.ˈran.da]}}, or {{IPA|[ˌdʒæk.ə.ˈran.də]}}) is a [[genus]] of 49 species of [[flowering plant]]s in the family [[Bignoniaceae]], native to tropical and subtropical regions of [[South America|South]] and [[Central America]], [[Mexico]], and the [[Caribbean]]. The genus name is also used as the common name. [[Image:Jacarandatree.jpg|thumb|left|Large tree in full bloom.]] The species are [[shrub]]s to large [[tree]]s ranging in size from 2-30 m tall. The [[leaf|leaves]] are bipinnate in most species, pinnate or simple in a few species. The [[flower]]s are produced in conspicuous large [[panicle]]s, each flower with a five-lobed blue to purple-blue [[corolla]]; a few species have white flowers. The [[fruit]] is an oblong to oval flattened [[capsule (fruit)|capsule]] containing numerous slender [[seed]]s. The genus differs from other genera in the Bignoniaceae in having a [[staminode]] that is longer than the [[stamen]]s, tricolpate [[pollen]], and a [[chromosome]] number of 18. The genus is divided into two sections, sect. ''Jacaranda'' (syn. sect. ''Monolobos'', an invalid name as it includes the type species of the genus, ''J. caerulea'') and sect. ''Dilobos'' DC., based on the number of [[theca]]e on the [[anther]]s. Sect. ''Jacaranda'' (which includes Blue Jacarandas) has 18 species and is found primarily in western South America, Central America, Mexico, and the Caribbean. Sect. ''Dilobos'', which is believed to be the primitive form, has 31 species and is found primarily in southeastern [[Brazil]] including the [[Paraná River]] valley. The anatomy of the [[wood]] in the two sections also differs. Although usually treated in sect. ''Jacaranda'', ''J. copaia'' differs somewhat from all other members of the genus, and may be intermediate between the two sections (Dos Santos & Miller 1997). [[Image:Jacaranda seedling.png|left|thumb|125px|Jacaranda seedling]] Several species are widely grown as [[ornamental plant]]s throughout the subtropical regions of the world, valued for their intense flower displays. The most often seen is the [[Blue Jacaranda]] ''Jacaranda mimosifolia'' ([[synonymy|syn.]] ''J. acutifolia'' hort. non Bonpl.). Other members of the genus are also commercially important; for example the [[Jacaranda copaia|Copaia]] (''Jacaranda copaia'') is important for its [[timber]] because of its exceptionally long bole. {{Inc| Jacaranda. (Brazilian name). Bignoniaceae. Handsome tubular-flowered trees and shrubs, grown far South and also under glass. Leaves opposite, 2-pinnate, rarely 1-pinnate; Ifts. usually numerous, entire or dentate: fls. showy blue or violet, mostly in terminal or axillary panicles, often very freely produced; calyx small, 5-toothed; corolla-tube straight or curved, regular at the base or somewhat constricted above the ovary and broadened above; corolla-limb somewhat 2-lipped, the 5 lobes rounded and spreading and nearly equal; disk thick and cushion- like; perfect stamens 4, didynamous; staminode about as long as the stamens, club-shaped at the apex and often bearded at the top: fr. an oblong, ovate or broad dehiscent caps. Species about 50, in the American tropics. Prop, by cuttings of half-ripened wood. Under glass they are considered to be warmhouse subjects. }} ==Cultivation== ===Propagation=== ===Pests and diseases=== ==Species== Selected species: {| |- valign=top | ;Sect. ''Jacaranda'' *''[[Jacaranda acutifolia]]'' Bonpl. *''[[Jacaranda arborea]]'' Urb. *''[[Jacaranda brasiliana]]'' (Lam.) Pers. *''[[Jacaranda caerulea]]'' (L.) J.St.-Hil. *''[[Jacaranda caucana]]'' Pittier *''[[Jacaranda copaia]]'' (Aubl.) D.Don *''[[Jacaranda cuspidifolia]]'' Mart. ex DC. *''[[Jacaranda hesperia]]'' Dugand. *''[[Jacaranda mimosifolia]]'' D.Don *''[[Jacaranda obtusifolia]]'' Humboldt & Bonpl. *''[[Jacaranda orinocensis]]'' Sandw. *''[[Jacaranda poitaei]]'' Urb. *''[[Jacaranda praetermissa]]'' Sandw. *''[[Jacaranda sparrei]]'' A.H.Gentry | ;Sect. ''Dilobos'' *''[[Jacaranda bracteata]]'' Bur. & K.Schum. *''[[Jacaranda campinae]]'' A.Gentry & Morawetz *''[[Jacaranda carajasensis]]'' A.Gentry *''[[Jacaranda caroba]]'' (Vell.) DC. *''[[Jacaranda crassifolia]]'' Morawetz *''[[Jacaranda duckei]]'' Vattimo *''[[Jacaranda glabra]]'' (DC.) Bur. & K.Schum. *''[[Jacaranda intricata]]'' A.Gentry & Morawetz *''[[Jacaranda irwinii]]'' A.Gentry *''[[Jacaranda jasminoides]]'' (Thunb.) Sandw. *''[[Jacaranda macrantha]]'' Cham. *''[[Jacaranda macrocarpa]]'' Bur. & K.Schum. *''[[Jacaranda micrantha]]'' Cham. *''[[Jacaranda montana]]'' Morawetz *''[[Jacaranda morii]]'' A.Gentry *''[[Jacaranda mutabilis]]'' Hassl. *''[[Jacaranda obovata]]'' Cham. *''[[Jacaranda oxyphylla]]'' Cham. *''[[Jacaranda paucifoliata]]'' Mart. ex DC. *''[[Jacaranda puberula]]'' Cham. *''[[Jacaranda racemosa]]'' Cham. *''[[Jacaranda rufa]]'' Manso *''[[Jacaranda simplicifolia]]'' K.Schum. *''[[Jacaranda subalpina]]'' Morawetz *''[[Jacaranda ulei]]'' Bur. & K.Schum. |} ==Gallery== <gallery perrow=5> Image:BGL_Jacaranda.jpg|Jacaranda in full bloom Image:JacarandaWooroolinAustralia.JPG|jacarandas in bloom Image:Jacaranda.JPG|jacarandas Image:Jacaranda trees in Montagu Ave, Harare, Zimbabwe in 1975.jpg|Jacaranda trees Image:Jacaranda_flowerlitter.jpg|Purple jacaranda flowers carpet the ground as they fall. Image:Jacaranda_bhutan.jpg|Jacaranda trees </gallery> ==References== <references/> *[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963    ==External links== *{{wplink}} {{stub}} __NOTOC__

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