Edit Plant: Juglans regia

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The '''English Walnut''' (''Juglans regia''), also known as '''Common Walnut''' or '''Persian Walnut''', is a species of [[walnut]] that is native in a region stretching from the [[Balkans]] (in southeast [[Europe]]) eastward — all the way to the [[Himalaya]]s and southwest [[China]]. The largest forests are in [[Kyrgyzstan]], where English Walnut trees occur in extensive, nearly pure walnut forests at 1,000–2,000 m altitude (Hemery 1998)—notably at [[Arslanbob]] in [[Jalal-Abad Province]]. English Walnut is a large deciduous [[tree]] attaining heights of 25–35 m, and a trunk up to 2 m diameter, commonly with a short trunk and broad crown, though taller and narrower in dense forest competition. It is a light-demanding species, requiring full sun to grow well. The bark is smooth, olive-brown when young and silvery-grey on older branches, with scattered broad fissures with a rougher texture. Like all walnuts, the [[pith]] of the twigs contains air spaces, the chambered pith brownish in colour. The [[leaf|leaves]] are alternately arranged, 25-40 cm long, odd-pinnate with 5–9 leaflets, paired alternately with one terminal leaflet. The largest leaflets the three at the apex, 10–18 cm long and 6–8 cm broad; the basal pair of leaflets much smaller, 5–8 cm long, the margins of the leaflets entire. The male flowers are in drooping [[catkin]]s 5–10 cm long, the female flowers terminal, in clusters of two to five, ripening in the autumn into a [[fruit]] with a green, semi-fleshy husk and a brown corrugated [[nut (fruit)|nut]]. The whole fruit, including the husk, falls in autumn; the [[seed]] is large, with a relatively thin shell, and edible, with a rich flavour. ==Cultivation and uses== Persian walnut is originaly from Iran where it still can be found in nature and also is widely cultivated. The English Walnut was introduced into western and northern [[Europe]] very early, by [[Roman Empire|Roman]] times or earlier, and to [[the Americas]] by the 17th century. It is cultivated extensively for its high-quality nuts, eaten both fresh and pressed for their richly flavoured oil; numerous [[cultivar]]s have been selected for larger and thin-shelled nuts. {{Inc| Juglans regia, linn. Persian or English Walnut. Round-headed tree, to 70 ft.: lfts. 5-13, oblong or oblong-ovate, acute or acuminate, almost glabrous, bright green, 2-5 in. long: fr. almost globular, green; nut usually oval, reticulate and rather smooth, rather thin-shelled. S. E. Eu. Himalayas, China. U.S. Many varieties are cult, as fr. trees, for which see Walnut. var. sinensis, DC. (J. sinensis, Dode). Lfts. usually 5, larger, pubescent on the veins below: nut globose-ovoid, very rugose. China, Japan. SOf the ornamental varieties the most distinct and decorative is var. laciniata, Loud. (var. filicifolia, Hort. var. asplenifolia, Hort.), with narrow, pinnately cut lfts.; very effective as a single specimen on the lawn; remains usually shrubby. M.D.G. 1908:617. var. monophylla, DC., has the lvs. simple or 3-foliolate. var. pendula, Kirchn., has pendulous branches. Var. fSrtilis, Kirchn. (var. frulicosa, Dipp. var. prapar- turiens, hort.), is a shrubby variety producing rather small, thin-shelled nuts on very young plants. Var. Bartheriana, Carr. (var. elongata, Hort.). Nut elongated, narrow- oblong. var. corcyrensis, Sprenger. Lvs. large, to 2 ft. long; lfts. 9, the lowest pair very small, the upper pairs broadly ovate, about 8 in. long and 5 in. broad: nut rather thick-shelled. J. Duclouxiana, Dode, from the Himalayas and W.China with more elliptic and more acuminate lfts. and nuts with thin fragile shell, is probably only a variety of J. regia. }} ==Cultivation== ===Propagation=== ===Pests and diseases=== ==Varieties== ==Gallery== <gallery perrow=5> Image:Upload.png| photo 1 Image:Walnut02.jpg|English Walnut nuts Image:Shelled English Walnuts 2331px.jpg|Shelled walnuts in a cup Image:Koeh-081.jpg|19th century illustration Image:Juglans regia Broadview.jpg|English Walnut foliage and nuts </gallery> ==References== <references/> *[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963    ==External links== *{{wplink}} {{stub}} __NOTOC__

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