Edit Plant: Nasturtium

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The most popular use of the name Nasturtium is in reference to this plant, the [[Tropaeolum]] genus. There is a genus of watercress which is botanically known as [[Nasturtium (genus)]] as well. '''Nasturtium''' ({{pron-en|næˈstɜrʃ(i)əm}})<ref>{{OED|nasturtium}}</ref> literally "nose-twister" or "nose-tweaker"), as a common name, refers to a genus of roughly 80 species of [[Annual plant|annual]] and [[perennial plant|perennial]] [[herbaceous plant|herbaceous]] [[flowering plant]]s in the genus '''''Tropaeolum''''' ({{pron-en|trɵˈpiː.ələm}},<ref>''Sunset Western Garden Book,'' 1995:606–607; {{OED|Tropaeolum}}</ref> "trophy"), one of three genera in the family [[Tropaeolaceae]]. It should not be confused with the [[Watercress]]es of the genus ''[[Nasturtium (genus)|Nasturtium]]'', of the [[Brassicaceae|Mustard]] family. The genus ''Tropaeolum'', native to [[South America|South]] and [[Central America]], includes several very popular garden plants, the most commonly grown being ''T. majus'', ''T. peregrinum'' and ''T. speciosum''. The hardiest species is ''T. polyphyllum'' from [[Chile]], the perennial roots of which can survive underground when air temperatures drop as low as -15°C (5°F). They have showy, often intensely bright flowers (the intense color can make [[macrophotography]] quite difficult), and rounded, peltate ([[shield]]-shaped) leaves with the [[Petiole (botany)|petiole]] in the center. The flowers have five petals (sometimes more), a three-carpelled ovary, and a funnel-shaped nectar tube in the back. {{Inc| Nasturtium (classical Latin name of some cress, referring to its pungent smell: nasus, nose, and tortus. distortion). Cruciferae. The name Nasturtium is used for two very different groups of plants. As a flower- garden name, it is used for plants of the Tropaeolaceae (see Tropaeolum). It has also been used for certain crucifers, including the water-cress and horse-radish; but as a generic name it is now replaced, mostly by Radicula, which see. }} ==Cultivation== [[Image:Tropaeolum.JPG|right|thumb|175px|Tropaeolum majus]] In cultivation, most varieties of nasturtiums prefer to be grown in direct or indirect sunlight, with a few preferring partial shade. The most common use of the nasturtium plant in cultivation is as an ornamental flower. It grows easily and prolifically, and is a self-seeding annual. All parts of the plant are edible. The flower has most often been consumed, making for an especially ornamental salad ingredient; it has a slightly peppery taste reminiscent of [[watercress]], and is also used in [[stir fry]]. The unripe seed pods can be harvested and pickled with hot vinegar, to produce a condiment and garnish, sometimes used in place of [[capers]], although the taste is strongly peppery. The [[mashua]] (''T. tuberosum'') produces an edible underground [[tuber]] that is a major food source in parts of the [[Andes]]. ===Propagation=== Easily from seed. ===Pests and diseases=== Nasturtiums are also considered widely useful [[companion plant]]s. They repel a great many [[cucurbit]] pests, like [[squash bug]]s, [[cucumber beetle]]s, and several caterpillars. They had a similar range of benefits for [[brassica]] plants, especially [[broccoli]] and [[cauliflower]]. They also attract black fly [[aphids]], and are sometimes planted in the hope of saving crops susceptible to them (as a [[trap crop]]). They may also attract beneficial, predatory insects. ==Species== {{col-begin}} {{col-1-of-4}} *''[[Tropaeolum adpressum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum aduncum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum albiflorum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum argentinum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum asplundii]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum atrocapillare]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum azureum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum beuthii]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum bicolor]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum bimaculatum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum bogotense]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum boliviense]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum brachyceras]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum brasiliense]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum brideanum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum bridgesii]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum buchenaui]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum buchenauianum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum calcaratum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum calvum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum capillare]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum carchense]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum chilense]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum chrysanthum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum chymocarpus]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum ciliatum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum cirrhipes]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum coccineum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum cochabambae]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum concavum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum concinneum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum canariense]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum crenatiflorum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum crenatum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum cubio]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum curvirostre]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum cuspidatum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum deckerianum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum dentatifolium]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum denticualtum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum digitatum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum dipetalum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum edule]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum elatum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum elegans]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum elzae]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum emarginatum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum equatoriense]]'' {{col-2-of-4}} *''[[Tropaeolum ferreyrae]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum fintelmannii]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum flavipilum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum floribundum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum fulvum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum funckii]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum gaertnerianum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum garciae]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum glaucescens]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum glaucum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum glaziovii]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum gracile]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum guatemalense]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum harlingii]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum hayneanum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum hieronymii]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum hirsutum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum hirtifolium]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum hjertingii]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum hookerianum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum hortense]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum hughesae]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum huigrense]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum huynhii]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum hybridum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum incisum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum incrassatum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum infundibularum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum integrifolium]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum jilesii]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum karstenii]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum kerneisinum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum killipii]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum kingii]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum klotzschii]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum kuntzeanum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum lasseri]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum lechleri]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum lehmannii]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum leichtlinii]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum leonis]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum lepidum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum leptoceras]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum leptophyllum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum lindenii]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum linearifolium]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum lobbianum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum lobbii]]'' {{col-3-of-4}} *''[[Tropaeolum longiflorum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum longifolium]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum looseri]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum luteum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum macrophyllum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum macrophyllum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum maculatum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum maculifolium]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum magnificum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum majus]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum marginatum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum mathewsii]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum menispermifolium]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum mexiae]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum meyeri]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum minimum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum minus]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum moritzianum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum morreanum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum mucronatum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum myriophyllum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum nubigenum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum nuptae-jucundae]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum olmosense]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum orinocense]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum orthoceras]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum oxalidanthum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum paniculatum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum papillosum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum parviflorum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum parvifolium]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum patagonicum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum pellucidum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum peltophorum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum pendulum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum pentagonum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum pentaphyllum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum peregrinum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum pilosum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum piltophorum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum pinnatum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum polyphyllum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum popelari]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum porifolium]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum prostratum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum pseudopubescens]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum pubescens]]'' {{col-4-of-4}} *''[[Tropaeolum pulchellum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum purpureum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum quinatum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum quinquelobum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum rectangulum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum reichianum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum reineckeanum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum repandum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum rhizophorum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum rhomboideum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum sanctae-catharinae]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum schlimii]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum seemannii]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum septangulum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum septemlobatum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum sessilifolium]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum smithii]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum speciosum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum steyermarkianum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum stipulatum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum suberosum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum subincrassatum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum tenellum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum tenuirostre]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum tenuirostre]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum tomentosum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum traceyae]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum trialatum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum trialatum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum tricolor]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum tricolori-brachyceras]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum trilobum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum trilobum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum tuberosum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum umbellatum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum unilobatum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum vargasianum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum venezuelae]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum venosum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum violaceum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum violaeflorum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum wagnerianum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum warmingianum]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum warscewiczii]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum weberbaueri]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum willinkii]]'' *''[[Tropaeolum yarrati]]'' {{col-end}} ==Gallery== <gallery perrow=5> Image:Upload.png| photo 1 Image:Upload.png| photo 2 Image:Upload.png| photo 3 </gallery> ==References== <references/> *[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963 <!--- xxxxx *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381 --> <!--- xxxxx *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432 --> <!--- xxxxx *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608 --> ==External links== *{{wplink}} {{stub}} __NOTOC__

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