Edit Plant: Smilax

You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reasons:

The action you have requested is limited to users in the group: Users.
You must confirm your email address before editing pages. Please set and validate your email address through your user preferences.

Plant data and requirements

Help	Help:Plant Box has detailed information on filling out this form (clicking may cause loss of unsaved changes)
Taxonomy:	Genus and species are usually defined, subspecies and cultivar/variety often don't even exist and are left blank. Familia: Genus: Species: Subspecies: Cultivar/Variety: Taxo author:
Common name(s):	Reference:
Growth habit:	Reference: (please add the name of your source for the growth habit type in the reference field)
Size:	Min height: Max height: Reference: Min width: Max width: Reference:
Origin:	(briefly write native areas) Reference:
Poisonous:	(briefly write if parts are poisonous) Reference:
Lifespan:	perennial annual biennial unknown (only choose one if species or cultivar) Reference:
Exposure:	sun part-sun shade unknown Reference: Need Help?
Water:	wet moist moderate dry less when dormant Reference:
Features:	evergreen deciduous flowers fragrance edible fruit naturalizes invasive foliage birds wildlife bees bonsai cut flowers hummingbirds butterflys drought tolerant houseplant fall color ground cover fire resistant
Flower season:	early spring mid spring late spring early summer mid summer late summer early fall mid fall late fall early winter mid winter late winter Reference:
Flower features:	red orange yellow green blue purple brown black multicolored pink white single double spotted everblooming
Minimum temp:	(only need either C or F) Reference:
Lowest USDA zone:	None 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 10.5 11 11.5 12 Reference: Need Help?
Highest USDA zone:	None 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 10.5 11 11.5 12 Need Help?
Sunset zones:	(use National book, or indicate which was used- SSN, SSW, etc)
Infobox needs help?	If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
Image:	Filename: Upload file Display size (vertical photos = 180): Image_caption:

Plant text area:

:''For another plant sometimes called Smilax see ''[[Asparagus asparagoides]]''.'' '''''Smilax''''' is a genus of about 300-350 [[species]], found in temperate zones, [[tropics]] and [[subtropic]]s worldwide. In [[China]] for example about 80 are found (39 of which are [[Endemism|endemic]]), while there are 20 in [[North America]] north of [[Mexico]]<ref>Raven & Zhengyi (2000), FNAEC (2002)</ref>. They are climbing [[flowering plant]]s, many of which are woody and/or thorny, in the [[monocotyledon]] [[family (biology)|family]] [[Smilacaceae]], native throughout the tropical and warm temperate regions of the world. Common names include '''catbriers, greenbriers, prickly-ivys''' and '''smilaxes'''. '''"Sarsaparilla"''' (also zarzaparrilla, sarsparilla) is a name used specifically for the [[Jamaica]]n ''[[Smilax regelii|S. regelii]]'' as well as a catch-all term in particular for American species. Occasionally, the non-woody species such as the [[Smooth Herbaceous Greenbrier]] (''S. herbacea'') are separated as genus ''Nemexia''; they are commonly known by the rather ambiguous name '''"[[carrion flower]]s"'''. Greenbriers get their [[scientific name]] from the Greek myth of [[Krokus (mythology)|Krokus]] and the [[nymph]] Smilax.<ref>Mifsud (2002)</ref> Though this myth has numerous forms, it always centers around the unfulfilled and tragic love of a [[Human|mortal]] man who is turned into [[crocus|a flower]], and a woodland [[nymph]] who is transformed into a brambly vine. (Compare the story of [[Barbara_Allen_(song)|Barbara Allen]] and sweet William: ''They buried Barbara in the old church yard / They buried Sweet William beside her / Out of his grave grew a red, red rose / And out of hers a briar.'') On their own, ''Smilax'' plants will grow as shrubs, forming dense impenetrable thickets. They will also grow over trees and other plants up to 10 m high, their hooked thorns allowing them to hang onto and scramble over branches. The genus includes both [[deciduous]] and [[evergreen]] species. The [[leaf|leaves]] are heart-shaped and vary from 4-30 cm long in different species. Greenbrier is [[plant sexuality|dioecious]]. However, only about one in three colonies have plants of both sexes. Plants flower in May and June with white/green clustered [[flower]]s. If [[pollination]] occurs, the plant will produce a bright red to blue-black spherical [[berry]] [[fruit]] about 5-10 mm in diameter that matures in the fall. The berry is rubbery in texture and has a large, spherical seed in the center. The fruit stays intact through winter, when [[bird]]s and other animals eat them to survive. The seeds are passed unharmed in the animal's droppings. Since many ''Smilax'' colonies are single clones that have spread by [[rhizome]]s, both sexes may not be present at a site, in which case no fruit is formed. ''Smilax'' is a very damage-tolerant plant capable of growing back from its [[rhizome]]s after being cut down or burned down by [[wildfire|fire]]. This, coupled with the fact that birds and other small animals spread the seeds over large areas, makes the plants very hard to get rid of. It grows best in moist woodlands with a soil [[pH]] between 5 and 6. The seeds have the greatest chance of germinating after being exposed to a freeze. {{Inc| Smilax (ancient Greek name). Liliaceae. The greenbriers, useful for winter greens and outdoor planting. Usually woody climbers with paired tendrils on the base of the petiole; sometimes shrubs or herbaceous perennials, young shoots little branched, old woody shoots becoming much branched above; shoots arising from a rootstock, slow-growing and woody or with large fleshy tubers; in some species with long creeping rhizomes: lower lvs. reduced to scales, the upper simple or slightly lobed, 3-7 (or more) -nerved, deciduous to completely evergreen, usually variable in outline on different types of branches: fls. rather small, dioecious, usually numerous in axillary peduncled umbels; pedicels uniform in length: berries normally globose, 1-6-seeded, blackish or red.—Over 200 species generally distributed over the world. The genus Smilax, of which there are twenty-five species native to the United States, has been used very little in this country for planting in ornamental grounds, its value as a decorative plant having been largely ignored. The vines of the wild plants have been gathered locally for decorations and S. lanceolata, the Florida smilax of the trade, is extensively shipped from the southern states to the northern centers for use in large decorations. Most of the common woody species of the North are unsuited for planting in restricted areas as they spread rapidly by underground stems. None of the native species listed below is ordinarily handled by nurserymen. The smilax of florists is Asparagus asparagoides. See p. 3175; also p. 409, Vol. I. S. argyrea, Lind. & Rod. Tender foliage plant: st. wiry, slender, armed with short, stout thorns: lvs. lanceolate, becoming 8-10 in. long, dark green, blotched with gray, 3-nerved, short-petioled: fls. and fr. unknown. Bolivia. I.H. 39:152. J.H. III. 46:77. According to G.F. 8:305 the above species is a robust healthy plant doing well in a moderate temperature and quickly forming ornamental specimens. It should be given a rich, fibrous soil and a light and sunny position. It may be prop. by half-ripe cuttings of the side shoots with 2-3 eyes inserted in a moderately warm bed. This may be any one of a number of S. American species. The variegated foliage is found in practically all of the woody plants of this genus, being strongly developed in S. glauca, S. Bona-nox and S. lanceolata. {{SCH}} }} ==Cultivation== ===Propagation=== ===Pests and diseases=== ==Species== Selected species: The genus is divided into a number of sections. Section ''Smilax'' includes "[[woody plant|woody]],"<ref>Being a [[monocot]], members of the Family Smilacacea can not lay down true wood{{Fact|date=March 2008}}</ref> prickly [[vine]]s of temperate [[North America]], for example Cat Greenbrier (''[[Smilax glauca|S. glauca]]'') and Common Greenbrier (''[[Smilax rotundifolia|S. rotundifolia]]'')<ref name = fnaec2002>FNAEC (2002)</ref>. Section ''[[Coprosmanthus]]'' includes unarmed [[herbaceous plant]]s of temperate North America, for example "[[carrion flower]]s" like the Smooth Herbaceous Greenbrier (''[[Smilax herbacea|S. herbacea]]'').<ref name = fnaec2002 /> [[Image:Smilax canariensis (Habitus).jpg|thumb|right|''[[Smilax canariensis]]'']] [[Image:Sarutoriibara 08b2113.jpg|thumb|right|China Smilax (''[[Smilax china|S. china]]''), unripe fruit]] [[Image:Smilax herbacea.png|thumb|right|The "[[carrion flower]]" ''[[Smilax herbacea|S. herbacea]]'']] [[Image:Starr 020808-0053 Smilax melastomifolia.jpg|thumb|right|''[[Smilax melastomifolia]]'', called ''hoi kuahiwi'' on [[Hawaii|Hawai{{okina}}i]]]] <div float="left"> {{col-begin|width=70%}} {{col-1-of-3}} * ''[[Smilax amaurophlebia]]'' Merr. * ''[[Smilax anamitica]]'' Kuntze * ''[[Smilax aristolochiifolia]]'' [[Philip Miller|Mill.]] – American Sarsaparilla  * ''[[Smilax aspera]]'' L. – Mediterranean Smilax, Common Smilax, Rough Smilax * ''[[Smilax auraimensis]]'' Steyerm. * ''[[Smilax australis]]'' [[Robert Brown (botanist)|R.Br.]] – Lawyer Vine, Barbwire Vine, "wait-a-while" ([[Australia]]) * ''[[Smilax balansaeana]]'' H.Bon ex Gagnep. * ''[[Smilax balbisiana]]'' – Chainy Root * ''[[Smilax bella]]'' J.F.Macbr. * ''[[Smilax benthamiana]]'' A.DC. * ''[[Smilax biltmoreana]]'' * ''[[Smilax biumbellata]]'' T.Koyama * ''[[Smilax blumei]]'' A.DC. * ''[[Smilax bona-nox]]'' L. – Saw Greenbrier * ''[[Smilax bracteata]]'' Presl * ''[[Smilax brasiliensis]]'' Sprengel. – ''salsaparrilha-do-campo'' ([[Brazil]]) * ''[[Smilax calophylla]]'' A.DC. * ''[[Smilax campestris]]'' Griseb. * ''[[Smilax canariensis]]'' * ''[[Smilax castaneiflora]]'' Lev. * ''[[Smilax chimantensis]]'' Steyerm. & Maguire * ''[[Smilax china]]'' L.<ref>{{citation | url = http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200027905 | title = 6. Smilax china Linnaeus }}</ref> – [[China Smilax]]{{Verify source|date=October 2008}} * ''[[Smilax chingii]]'' F.T. Wang & Ts.Tang * ''[[Smilax cinnamomiifolia]]'' Small * ''[[Smilax cocculoides]]'' Warb. * ''[[Smilax colubrina]]'' J.F.Macbr. * ''[[Smilax corbularia]]'' Kunth * ''[[Smilax davidiana]]'' A.DC. * ''[[Smilax diversifolia]]'' Small * ''[[Smilax ecirrata]]'' – Upright Greenbrier * ''[[Smilax elegans]]'' Wall. * ''[[Smilax elegantissima]]'' Gagnep. * ''[[Smilax engleriana]]'' Apt * ''[[Smilax excelsa]]'' L. * ''[[Smilax extensa]]'' A.DC. * ''[[Smilax flavicaulis]]'' Rusby * ''[[Smilax gaumeri]]'' Millsp. * ''[[Smilax gilva]]'' J.F.Macbr. * ''[[Smilax glabra]]'' Roxb. – Chinaroot, ''tufuling'' (土茯苓) * ''[[Smilax glauca]]'' Walter – Cat Greenbrier, Glaucous Greenbrier * ''[[Smilax glyciphylla]]'' [[James Edward Smith|Sm.]] – Sweet Sarsaparilla, Native Sarsaparilla ([[Australia]]) * ''[[Smilax graciliflora]]'' A.C.Sm. {{col-2-of-3}} * ''[[Smilax grandifolia]]'' Buckley * ''[[Smilax griffithii]]'' A.DC. * ''[[Smilax havanensis]]'' Jacq. * ''[[Smilax helferi]]'' A.DC. * ''[[Smilax herbacea]]'' L. – Smooth Herbaceous Greenbrier, "carrion flower" (southern [[Quebec]] in [[Canada]], [[Eastern United States]]) * ''[[Smilax hispida]]'' Muhl. – Bristly Greenbrier * ''[[Smilax hongkongensis]]'' Seem. * ''[[Smilax hugeri]]'' * ''[[Smilax hypoglauca]]'' Benth. * ''[[Smilax illinoensis]]'' – Illinois Greenbrier * ''[[Smilax immersa]]'' A.C.Sm. * ''[[Smilax impressinervia]]'' F.T. Wang * ''[[Smilax inversa]]'' T.Koyama * ''[[Smilax japicanga]]'' [[August Grisebach|Griseb.]] * ''[[Smilax kraussiana]]'' Meissner * ''[[Smilax krukovii]]'' A.C.Sm. * ''[[Smilax laevis]]'' A.DC. * ''[[Smilax lanceifolia]]'' Roxb. * ''[[Smilax lasioneuron]]'' Hook. – Herbaceous Greenbrier * ''[[Smilax lasseriana]]'' Steyerm. * ''[[Smilax lata]]'' Small * ''[[Smilax latipes]]'' Gleason * ''[[Smilax laurifolia]]'' L. * ''[[Smilax lemsleyana]]'' Craib * ''[[Smilax leptanthera]]'' Pennell * ''[[Smilax longipedunculata]]'' Merr. * ''[[Smilax luei]]'' T.Koyama * ''[[Smilax luzonensis]]'' Presl * ''[[Smilax macrophylla]]'' Roxb. * ''[[Smilax maculata]]'' Roxb. * ''[[Smilax magnifolia]]'' J.F.Macbr. * ''[[Smilax mairei]]'' Lev. * ''[[Smilax medica]]'' [[Schltdl.]] et [[Cham.]] * ''[[Smilax medicinalis]]'' S.Moore * ''[[Smilax megacarpa]]'' A.DC. * ''[[Smilax melastomifolia]]'' Sm. – ''Hoi kuahiwi'' ([[Hawaii|Hawai{{okina}}i]]) * ''[[Smilax menispermoidea]]'' * ''[[Smilax micro-china]]'' T.Koyama * ''[[Smilax microphylla]]'' C.H.Wright * ''[[Smilax micropoda]]'' A.DC. * ''[[Smilax minutiflora]]'' A.DC. * ''[[Smilax moranensis]]'' Mart. & Galeotti * ''[[Smilax myosotiflora]]'' A.DC. * ''[[Smilax myrtillus]]'' A.DC. * ''[[Smilax occidentalis]]'' [[Conrad Vernon Morton|C.V.Morton]] * ''[[Smilax ocreata]]'' DC. {{col-3-of-3}} * ''[[Smilax opaca]]'' (A.DC.) Norton * ''[[Smilax officinalis]]'' [[August Grisebach|Griseb.]] * ''[[Smilax ovalifolia]]'' Roxb. * ''[[Smilax ovalifolia]]'' Roxb. * ''[[Smilax oxyphylla]]'' Wall. * ''[[Smilax pallescens]]'' A.DC. * ''[[Smilax panamensis]]'' Morong * ''[[Smilax peguana]]'' A.DC. * ''[[Smilax perfoliata]]'' Lour. * ''[[Smilax phyllantha]]'' Gagnep. * ''[[Smilax pilcomayensis]]'' Guagl. & S.Gattuso * ''[[Smilax pottingeri]]'' Prain * ''[[Smilax prolifera]]'' Roxb. * ''[[Smilax pseudochina]]'' – False Chinaroot * ''[[Smilax pulverulenta]]'' * ''[[Smilax purpusii]]'' Brandegee * ''[[Smilax pygmaea]]'' Merr. * ''[[Smilax quinquenervia]]'' [[Vell.]] * ''Smilax regelii'' Killip & C.V.Morton – [[Sarsaparilla]], Jamaican Sarsaparilla (southern [[Mexico]], northern [[Central America]]) * ''[[Smilax renifolia]]'' Small * ''[[Smilax reticulata]]'' Elmer * ''[[Smilax rigida]]'' Wall. or Kunth * ''[[Smilax robert-kingii]]'' T.Koyama * ''[[Smilax rotundifolia]]'' L. – Common Greenbrier ([[Eastern United States]]) * ''[[Smilax saülensis]]'' J.D.Mitch. * ''[[Smilax siamensis]]'' T.Koyama * ''[[Smilax simulans]]'' T.Koyama * ''[[Smilax smallii]]'' Morong * ''[[Smilax spicata]]'' [[Vell.]] * ''[[Smilax spinosa]]'' Mill. * ''[[Smilax spruceana]]'' A.DC. * ''[[Smilax staminea]]'' ([[August Grisebach|Griseb.]]) Forman{{Verify source|date=October 2008}} * ''[[Smilax stans]]'' Maxim. * ''[[Smilax stenopetala]]'' A.Gray * ''[[Smilax subsessiliflora]]'' Poir. * ''[[Smilax synandra]]'' Gagnep. * ''[[Smilax tamnoides]]'' – Halberd-leaved Greenbrier * ''[[Smilax tenuis]]'' Small * ''[[Smilax tetragona]]'' * ''[[Smilax velutina]]'' Killip & C.V.Morton * ''[[Smilax verruculosa]]'' Merr. * ''[[Smilax verticalis]]'' Gagnep. * ''[[Smilax walteri]]'' Pursh. * ''[[Smilax williamsii]]'' Merr. * ''[[Smilax zeylanica]]'' L. {{col-end}} </div> ==Gallery== <gallery perrow=5> Image:Upload.png| photo 1 Image:Upload.png| photo 2 Image:Upload.png| photo 3 </gallery> ==References== <references/>    ==External links== *{{wplink}} {{stub}} __NOTOC__

Summary:

This is a minor edit Watch this page

Cancel