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'''Thelocactus''' is a [[succulent]] member of the [[cactus]] family. It originates from the arid lands of Central, and North [[Mexico]]. ''Thelocactus'' is globe-shaped, short and cylindrical. It is a small cactus, although there are one or two species which, while only about 15 cm high, can be 25 cm in diameter; for example, ''T. nidulans''. Thelocactus species are generally solitary, but some varieties will cluster in groups. The ribs on Thelocacti are very clearly marked and are sometimes twisted in a spiral. There can be from 8 to 20 ribs, are rather low and normally marked with raised, angular or hexagonal [[tubercles]]. These tubercles can sometimes be difficult to distinguish. [[Areole]]s sit in a furrow directly above where the spines grow and there can be up to twenty radial/radiating spines. They are often needle-like, spread out and can be from 1.3 – 1.5 cm long. The central spines are mostly coarser, number up to six, stand vertically out from the plant and can be 2.5 – 7.5 cm long. Colours of all of the spines vary and include white, gray, golden-yellow and red-brown. Flowers grow from the new areoles at the very top of the plant. They are funnel-shaped, have a diameter of 2.5 – 7.5 cm and their colours vary from white to shades of yellow, red or purple. They are diurnal. Fruits are small, globe-shaped and plain. They are dehiscent through the large basal pore, green to brownish purple [to magenta], spherical to short cylindrical, 5 - 18 x 6 - 17 mm, not juicy, drying immediately after ripening, scaly, spineless, hairless and with floral remnant persistent. ==Cultivation== ''Thelocactus'' is generally easy to cultivate, even if many species fail to flower until they are five years old. [[Soil]]s should be composed of equal proportions of [[sand]] and [[humus]]. Water normally from Spring to Autumn. In Winter, keep most species at a minimum temperature of 8°C. They can survive at lower temperatures but the roots then must be kept dry. The dark brown or black [[seed]]s can be relatively large for the size of cactus and they germinate readily. ===Propagation=== Reproduction is nearly always from seed, since the plant rarely produces plantlets. The seed should be put in a sand and compost mixture, kept moist, maintained at a temperature of 21°C and placed in a shady position. ===Pests and diseases=== ==Species== *''[[Thelocactus argenteus]]'' *''[[Thelocactus bicolor]]'' *''[[Thelocactus conothelos]]'' *''[[Thelocactus hexaedrophorus]]'' *''[[Thelocactus leucacanthus]]'' *''[[Thelocactus macdowellii]]'' *''[[Thelocactus nidulans]]'' *''[[Thelocactus rinconensis]]'' *''[[Thelocactus setispinus]]'' *''[[Thelocactus tulensis]]'' ==Gallery== <gallery perrow=5> File:Thelocactus leucacanthus, Huntington.jpg|''Thelocactus leucacanthus'' File:Thelocactus hexaedrophorus Lem.png|''Thelocactus hexaedrophorus'' Image:Upload.png| photo 1 Image:Upload.png| photo 2 Image:Upload.png| photo 3 </gallery> ==References== <references/> <!--- xxxxx *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381 --> <!--- xxxxx *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432 --> <!--- xxxxx *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608 --> ==External links== *{{wplink}} {{stub}} __NOTOC__
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