Edit Plant: Trillium sessile

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'''''Trillium sessile''''' ('''Toadshade''' or '''Sessile-flowered wake-robin''') is a perennial spring wildflower native to the central part of the eastern [[United States]] and the [[Ozarks]]. It is a small [[trillium]] (rarely over 9&nbsp;cm tall). Toadshade can be distinguished from other trilliums by its single foul smelling, stalkless, [[flower]] nestled in the middle of its three leaves. The three maroon petals, maintain a "closed" posture throughout its presence, the petals are occasionally pale green. The leaves are sometimes, but not always mottled with shades of light and dark green. Its species name comes from the Latin word ''sessilis'' which means low sitting, and refers to its stalkless flower. ''T. sessile'' is most common in rich moist woods but also can be found in rich [[forest]]s, [[limestone]] woods, [[flood plain]]s, along fence rows. It is persistent under light pasturing.<ref>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=242102011 Flora of North America: Trillium sessile]</ref> The foul smelling flowers attract its primary [[pollinator]]s, [[Diptera|flies]] and [[Coleoptera|beetle]]s.<ref>[http://www.missouriplants.com/Redopp/Trillium_sessile_page.html Missouri Plants: T. sessile]</ref> The flowers are present from April-June. This plant is clump forming from a thick [[rhizome]]. The above ground parts of the plant die back by mid-summer, but may persist longer in areas that do not completely dry out. {{Inc| Trillium sessile, Linn. Strong-growing, 1 ft. or less high: lvs. broadly ovate or rhomboidal, acute, more or less spotted: fls. sessile in the whorl of lvs., small, purple or greenish, the petals narrow and acute. Woods, Pa. to Minn., Ark., and Fla.—Variable. Var. giganteum, H. & A. (var. angustipetalum, Torr.). Similar to var. californicum, but the lvs. somewhat petiolate and the petals narrower. Calif. and Ore. Apparently not in the trade. The forms of T. sessile appear to be the only trilliums native to Calif. except T. ovatum. Var. californicum, Wats. (var. giganteum, Torr.). Much stouter, the lvs. often 6 in. long and spotted, and the petals sometimes 4 in. long: fls. purple, rose-color, or white, the petals rhombic-ovate or narrower. Calif. and Ore. Var. Nuttallii, Wats. (T. viridescens, Nutt.). Lvs. pubescent beneath, as also the upper part of the st.: petals linear-lanceolate, purplish green with brown base. Ark. Var. rubrum, Hort. A form of var. californicum, with fls. deep red-purple. Var. Wrayi, Wats. (T. discolor, Wray). Petals spatulate-obtuse, 1 in. long, greenish. Ga. {{SCH}} }} ==Cultivation== {{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line --> ===Propagation=== {{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line --> ===Pests and diseases=== {{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line --> ==Species== <!-- This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc --> ==Gallery== <gallery perrow=5> Image:Trillium sessile.JPG|Colony of ''T. sessile'' Image:Upload.png| photo 1 Image:Upload.png| photo 2 Image:Upload.png| photo 3 </gallery> ==References== *[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963 <!--- xxxxx *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381 --> <!--- xxxxx *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432 --> <!--- xxxxx *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608 --> ==External links== *{{wplink}} {{stub}} __NOTOC__

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