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'''''Ulex europaeus''''', '''gorse''', '''furze''' or '''common gorse''', is an [[evergreen]] [[shrub]] in the family [[Fabaceae]], native to western [[Europe]] from a northerly point of the [[United Kingdom]] south to [[Portugal]], and westerly point of the [[Republic of Ireland]] east to [[Galicia (Eastern Europe)|Galicia]] in Poland and Ukraine. It grows to {{Convert|2|-|3|m|ft|sigfig=1}} tall. The young stems are green, with the [[shoot]]s and [[leaf|leaves]] modified into green spines, {{Convert|1|-|3|cm|in}} long. Young seedlings produce normal leaves for the first few months; these are trifoliate, resembling a small [[clover]] leaf. The [[flower]]s are yellow, {{Convert|1|-|2|cm|in}} long, with the typical [[pea]]-flower structure; they are produced throughout the year, but mainly in the early [[spring (season)|spring]]. The [[fruit]] is a [[legume]] (pod) {{Convert|2|cm|in}} long, dark purplish-brown, partly enclosed by the pale brown remnants of the flower; the pod contains 2-3 small blackish [[seed]]s, which are released when the pod splits open in hot weather. Like many species of [[gorse]], it is often a [[wildfire|fire]]-climax plant, which readily catches fire but re-grows from the [[root]]s after the fire; the seeds are also adapted to germinate after slight scorching by fire. The species has been introduced to other areas of Europe, and also to the [[Americas]], [[New Zealand]] and [[Australia]],<ref>[http://www.weeds.org.au/natsig.htm Weeds of National Significance]</ref> where it is often considered a [[weed]] and is a serious problem [[invasive species]] in some areas. {{Inc| Ulex europaeus, Linn. Furze. Gorse. Whin. Much-branched very spiny rigid shrub, 2-4 ft. high: branchlets striped, villous when young: lvs. scale-like or narrow-lanceolate, pubescent: fls. axillary, 1-3, crowded at the end of the branches and forming racemes; corolla bright yellow, about 3/4 in. long, fragrant; calyx yellow, hairy: pod oblong, over 1/2 in. long, villous, dark brown. April, June and often again in Sept., Oct.; in Calif. almost the whole year. W. and S. Eu; naturalized in waste places in the Middle Atlantic states and also on Vancouver Isl.—There is a variety with double fls., var. plenus, Schneid. (var. flore-pleno, Loud.). Another variety is var. strictus, Webb, of upright, pyramidal habit and less spiny, but as it does not bloom freely, it is of little value. {{SCH}} }} ==Cultivation== {{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line --> ===Propagation=== {{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line --> ===Pests and diseases=== {{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line --> ==Species== <!-- This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc --> ==Gallery== <gallery perrow=5> Image:Starr 030405-0004 Ulex europaeus.jpg Image:Upload.png| photo 1 Image:Upload.png| photo 2 Image:Upload.png| photo 3 </gallery> ==References== *[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963 <!--- xxxxx *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381 --> <!--- xxxxx *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432 --> <!--- xxxxx *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608 --> ==External links== *{{wplink}} {{stub}} __NOTOC__
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