Difference between revisions of "Urtica"

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|familia=Urticaceae
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|genus=Urtica
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|common_name=Stinging nettle, Nettle
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| high = ?  <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
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|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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| wide =    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
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|poisonous=Toxic sting
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| origin = ?  <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
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|features=edible
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|Temp Metric=°F
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|image=Urtica-dioica(Blueten).jpg
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'''Nettle''' is the common name for between 30-45 species of [[flowering plant]]s of the genus ''Urtica'' in the family [[Urticaceae]], with a [[cosmopolitan distribution|cosmopolitan]] though mainly temperate distribution. They are mostly [[herbaceous]] [[perennial plant]]s, but some are [[annual plant|annual]] and a few are [[shrub]]by.
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The most prominent member of the [[genus]] is the [[stinging nettle]] ''Urtica dioica'',{{citation needed|date=February 2010}} native to [[Europe]], [[Africa]], [[Asia]], and [[North America]]. The genus also contains a number of other species with similar properties, listed below.
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Urtica (classical name, alluding to the burning hairs). Urticaceae. Nettle. About 30 annual and perennial erect simple or branching slender herbs, widely distributed, little if at all planted because of the stinging hairs and sts. and lvs.: fls. small, greenish and inconspicuous, racemose, spicate or clustered in the axils, monoecious or dioecious, sometimes hermaphrodite; sterile fls. with 4 sepals and 4 stamens; fertile fls. with 2 pairs of sepals and a single erect ovary: lvs. simple, opposite, strongly nerved, dentate or crenate or incised. Several species of nettle are native in N. Amer. and a few are intro. weeds. The plants have very little ornamental value.
 
Urtica (classical name, alluding to the burning hairs). Urticaceae. Nettle. About 30 annual and perennial erect simple or branching slender herbs, widely distributed, little if at all planted because of the stinging hairs and sts. and lvs.: fls. small, greenish and inconspicuous, racemose, spicate or clustered in the axils, monoecious or dioecious, sometimes hermaphrodite; sterile fls. with 4 sepals and 4 stamens; fertile fls. with 2 pairs of sepals and a single erect ovary: lvs. simple, opposite, strongly nerved, dentate or crenate or incised. Several species of nettle are native in N. Amer. and a few are intro. weeds. The plants have very little ornamental value.
 
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==Cultivation==
 
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===Propagation===
 
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===Pests and diseases===
 
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==Species==
 
==Species==
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Species in the genus ''Urtica'', and their primary natural ranges, include:
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*''Urtica angustifolia'' Fisch. ex Hornem. 1819. [[China]], [[Japan]], [[Korea]].
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*''Urtica ardens''. China.
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*''Urtica atrichocaulis''. [[Himalaya]], southwestern China.
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*''Urtica atrovirens''. Western [[Mediterranean region]].
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*''Urtica cannabina'' L. 1753. Western [[Asia]] from [[Siberia]] to [[Iran]].
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*''Urtica chamaedryoides'' (heartleaf nettle). Southeastern [[North America]].
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*''[[Urtica dioica]]'' L. 1753 (stinging nettle or bull nettle). [[Europe]], [[Asia]], North America.
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*''Urtica dubia'' (large-leaved nettle). [[Canada]].
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*''[[Urtica ferox]]'' ([[Ongaonga (tree)|ongaonga]] or tree nettle). [[New Zealand]].
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*''Urtica fissa''. China.
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*''[[Urtica dioica galeopsifolia|Urtica galeopsifolia]]'' Wierzb. ex Opiz, 1825, (fen nettle or stingless nettle). Europe. (Often considered a subspecies of ''Urtica dioica''.)
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*''Urtica gracilenta'' (mountain nettle). [[Arizona]], [[New Mexico]], west [[Texas]], northern [[Mexico]].
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*''Urtica hyperborea''. [[Himalaya]] from [[Pakistan]] to [[Bhutan]], [[Mongolia]] and [[Tibet]], high altitudes.
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*''[[Urtica incisa]]'' ([[Urtica incisa|scrub nettle]]). [[Australia]].
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*''Urtica kioviensis'' Rogow. 1843. Eastern Europe.
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*''Urtica laetivirens'' Maxim. 1877. Japan, [[Manchuria]].
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*''Urtica linearifolia''. Creeping or Swamp Nettle. [[New Zealand]].
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*''Urtica mairei''. Himalaya, southwestern China, northeastern [[India]], [[Myanmar]].
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*''Urtica membranacea''. Mediterranean region, [[Azores]].
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*''Urtica morifolia''. [[Canary Islands]] (endemic).
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*''Urtica parviflora''. Himalaya (lower altitudes).
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*''Urtica pilulifera'' ([[Roman nettle]]). Southern Europe.
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*''Urtica platyphylla'' Wedd. 1856-1857. China, Japan.
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*''Urtica pubescens'' Ledeb. 1833. Southwestern [[Russia]] east to central Asia.
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*''Urtica rupestris''. [[Sicily]] (endemic).
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*''Urtica sondenii'' (Simmons) Avrorin ex Geltman, 1988. Northeastern Europe, northern Asia.
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*''Urtica taiwaniana''. [[Taiwan]].
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*''[[Urtica thunbergiana]]''. Japan, [[Taiwan]].
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*''Urtica triangularisa''
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*''[[Urtica urens]]'' L. 1753 ([[dwarf nettle]] or annual nettle). Europe, North America.
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The family Urticaceae also contains some other plants called nettles that are not members of the genus ''Urtica''. These include the [[wood nettle]] ''Laportea canadensis'', found in eastern [[North America]] from [[Nova Scotia]] to [[Florida]], and the [[false nettle]] ''Boehmeria cylindrica'', found in most of the [[United States]] east of the [[Rockies]]. As its name implies, the false nettle does not sting.
  
 
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==References==
 
==References==
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
 
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
 
<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
 
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Latest revision as of 19:48, 5 May 2010


Urtica dioica (Blüten).jpg


Plant Characteristics
Poisonous: ☠ Toxic sting
Cultivation
Features: ✓ edible
Scientific Names

Urticaceae >

Urtica >


Nettle is the common name for between 30-45 species of flowering plants of the genus Urtica in the family Urticaceae, with a cosmopolitan though mainly temperate distribution. They are mostly herbaceous perennial plants, but some are annual and a few are shrubby.

The most prominent member of the genus is the stinging nettle Urtica dioica,[citation needed] native to Europe, Africa, Asia, and North America. The genus also contains a number of other species with similar properties, listed below.


Read about Urtica in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Urtica (classical name, alluding to the burning hairs). Urticaceae. Nettle. About 30 annual and perennial erect simple or branching slender herbs, widely distributed, little if at all planted because of the stinging hairs and sts. and lvs.: fls. small, greenish and inconspicuous, racemose, spicate or clustered in the axils, monoecious or dioecious, sometimes hermaphrodite; sterile fls. with 4 sepals and 4 stamens; fertile fls. with 2 pairs of sepals and a single erect ovary: lvs. simple, opposite, strongly nerved, dentate or crenate or incised. Several species of nettle are native in N. Amer. and a few are intro. weeds. The plants have very little ornamental value. CH


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

Propagation

Pests and diseases

Species

Species in the genus Urtica, and their primary natural ranges, include:

The family Urticaceae also contains some other plants called nettles that are not members of the genus Urtica. These include the wood nettle Laportea canadensis, found in eastern North America from Nova Scotia to Florida, and the false nettle Boehmeria cylindrica, found in most of the United States east of the Rockies. As its name implies, the false nettle does not sting.

Gallery

  • photo 1

  • photo 2

  • photo 3

References


External links


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