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{{SPlantbox
| name = ''Salix nigra''
|familia=Salicaceae
| common_names = Black Willow
|genus=Salix
| growth_habit = <!--- tree, shrub, herbaceous, vine, etc -->
|species=nigra
| high = <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
|taxo_author=Marshall
| wide = <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
|common_name=Black willow
| origin = E United States
|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| poisonous = <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
|Min ht box=10
| lifespan = <!--- perennial, annual, etc -->
|Min ht metric=ft
| exposure = <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
|Max ht box=30
| water = <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
|Max ht metric=ft
| features = <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
|height_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| hardiness = <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
|Max wd box=15
| bloom = <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
|Max wd metric=ft
| usda_zones = <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
|width_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| sunset_zones = <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
|origin=E United States
| color = IndianRed
|lifespan=perennial
| image = Salix-nigra(01).jpg
|life_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| image_width = 200px <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
|exposure=sun
| image_caption = <!--- eg. Cultivated freesias -->
|water=wet, moist
| regnum = Plantae
|water_ref=Sunset National Garden Book
| divisio = Magnoliophyta
|features=flowers
| classis = Magnoliopsida
|flower_season=early spring, mid spring, late spring
| ordo = Malpighiales
|flower_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| familia = Salicaceae
|Temp Metric=°F
|min_zone=4
|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| subspecies =
|max_zone=10
| cultivar =
|image=Salix nigra Morton 180-88-3.jpg
|image_width=180
|image_caption=Cultivated Specimen
}}
}}
'''''Salix nigra''''' ('''Black Willow''') is a species of [[willow]] native to eastern [[North America]], from [[New Brunswick]] and southern [[Ontario]] west to [[Minnesota]], and south to northern [[Florida]] and [[Texas]].<ref name=grin>Germplasm Resources Information Network: [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?102718 ''Salix nigra'']</ref>
[[File:Salix nigra catkins 8001.JPG|thumb|left|200px|Flowers]]It is a medium-sized [[deciduous]] [[tree]], the largest North American species of willow, growing to 10-30 m tall, exceptionally up to 45 m, with a trunk 50–80 cm diameter. The [[bark]] is dark brown to blackish, becoming fissured in older trees. The shoots are slender, variable in color from green to brown, yellow or purplish; they are (like the related European ''[[Salix fragilis]]'') brittle at the base, snapping evenly at the branch junction if bent sharply. The foliage buds are small, 2–4 mm long, with a single pointed reddish-brown bud scale. The [[leaf|leaves]] are alternate, long, thin, 5-15 cm long and 0.5-2 cm broad, usually somewhat [[leaf shape|falcate]], dark, shiny green on both sides or with a lighter green underside, with a finely serrated margin, a short [[petiole (botany)|petiole]] and a pair of small [[stipule]]s. It is [[Plant sexuality|dioecious]], with small, greenish yellow to yellow [[flower]]s borne on [[catkin]]s 2.5-7.5 cm long in early spring at the same time as the new leaves appear. The [[fruit]] is a 5 mm [[capsule (fruit)|capsule]] which splits open when mature to release the numerous minute, down-covered [[seed]]s. It is typically found along streams and in swamps.<ref name=borealforest>Tree Species of the World's Boreal Forests: [http://www.borealforest.org/world/trees/black_willow.htm ''Salix nigra'']</ref><ref name=ncp>Trees of the North Carolina Piedmont: [http://www.ibiblio.org/openkey/intkey/web/SANI.htm ''Salix nigra'']</ref><ref name=nb>New Brunswick tree and shrub species of concern: [http://cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/subsite/mx-212/blackwillow ''Salix nigra'']</ref>
''[[Salix gooddingii]]'' (Goodding's Willow) is sometimes included in ''S. nigra'' as a [[variety (botany)|variety]], as ''S. nigra'' var. ''vallicola'' Dudley; when included, this extends the species' range to western North America. However, the two are usually treated as distinct species.<ref name=usda>USDA Plants Profile: [http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=SAGO ''Salix gooddingii'']</ref>
{{Inc|
{{Inc|
[[Salix]] nigra. Black Willow. Fig. 3526. Tree, 30-40 ft. high: bark flaky, often becoming shaggy: twigs brittle at base: buds small: lvs. lanceolate, green both sides, finely and evenly serrate: aments 1-2 in. long; scales oblong, deciduous; stamens 3-6; ovary ovate-conical, glabrous; style short but distinct. E. N. Amer. Var. falcata, Pursh. Lvs. elongated, narrow and falcate.
[[Salix]] nigra. Black Willow. Tree, 30-40 ft. high: bark flaky, often becoming shaggy: twigs brittle at base: buds small: lvs. lanceolate, green both sides, finely and evenly serrate: aments 1-2 in. long; scales oblong, deciduous; stamens 3-6; ovary ovate-conical, glabrous; style short but distinct. E. N. Amer. Var. falcata, Pursh. Lvs. elongated, narrow and falcate.
}}
}}
==Cultivation==
==Cultivation==
===Propagation===
===Propagation===
===Pests and diseases===
===Pests and diseases===
==Species==
==Varieties==
==Gallery==
==Gallery==
<gallery>
<gallery perrow=5>
Image:Upload.png| photo 1
Image:Upload.png| photo 1
Image:Upload.png| photo 2
Image:Upload.png| photo 2
==References==
==References==
<references/>
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
<!--- xxxxx *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381 -->
<!--- xxxxx *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381 -->
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