Changes

{{SPlantbox

{{SPlantbox

|familia=Fabaceae

|familia=Fabaceae

|genus=Calia  

|genus=Calia

|species=secundiflora  

|species=secundiflora

|common_name=Frijolito, Mescal bean, Texas mountain laurel

|common_name=Frijolito, Mescal bean, Texas mountain laurel

|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia

|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia

|Max wd metric=ft

|Max wd metric=ft

|width_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia

|width_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia

|lifespan=perennial

|lifespan=perennial

|life_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia

|life_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia

|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia

|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia

|max_zone=11

|max_zone=11

|image=Upload.png

|image=Calia secundiflora flowers.jpg

|image_width=240

|image_width=240

}}

}}

'''''Calia secundiflora''''' is a species of [[Flowering plant|flowering]] [[shrub]] or small tree in the [[pea]] family, [[Fabaceae]],<ref name="USFS">[http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/plants/tree/sopsec/all.html Sophora secundiflora]</ref> that is native to the [[southwestern United States]] ([[Texas]], [[New Mexico]]) and Mexico ([[Chihuahua (state)|Chihuahua]] and [[Coahuila]] south to [[Hidalgo (Mexico)|Hidalgo]], [[Puebla]] and [[Querétaro]]).<ref name="GRIN"/> Common names include '''Texas Mountain Laurel''', '''Texas Mescalbean''', '''Frijolito''', and '''Frijolillo'''.<ref name="USFS"/> It is an often-misunderstood plant, frequently confused with the ''[[Agave]]'' species used to make [[mezcal]], as well as with [[Peyote]] (''Lophophora williamsii''), which contains [[mescaline]].<ref>[http://waynesword.palomar.edu/peyote.htm Mescal Bean & The Unrelated Peyote Cactus]</ref>

| name = ''LATINNAME''   <!--- replace LATINNAME with the actual latin name -->

 

| common_names =    <!--- if multiple, list all, if none, leave blank -->

It is well-adapted to [[arid]] and [[Semi-arid climate|semi-arid]] habitats but is most common in [[riparian zone]]s.<ref name="USFS"/>

| growth_habit = ?  <!--- tree, shrub, herbaceous, vine, etc -->

 

| high = ?  <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->

An [[evergreen]], its [[Leaf|leaves]] are [[pinnate]]ly-compound, with small, roughly spatulate [[leaflet]]s; the leaflets are rather thick, and waxy to the touch  Never tall, and rarely having a straight trunk, its [[bark]] is smooth in all but the oldest specimens.<ref>[http://ag.arizona.edu/pima/gardening/aridplants/Sophora_secundiflora.html Sophora secundiflora Texas mountain laurel]</ref> It grows slowly to a height of {{convert|15|ft|m|abbr=on}} and a crown diameter of {{convert|10|ft|m|abbr=on}}.<ref name="Mielke">[http://books.google.com/books?id=7KFT2hGIFPMC&dq Native Plants for Southwestern Landscapes]</ref>

| wide =    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->

 

| origin = ?  <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->

Extremely fragrant purple [[flower]]s, resembling the smell of grape soda, are produced in large clusters in March and April. They are followed by {{convert|4|in|cm|abbr=on}} [[Legume|pods]] containing deep orange [[seed]]s.<ref name="Mielke"/>

| poisonous =     <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->

 

| lifespan =    <!--- perennial, annual, etc -->

| exposure = ?  <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->

 

| water = ?  <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->

Further adding to this is the fact that the beans were in fact once used by some [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|native American]] tribes as a [[hallucinogen]], before being supplanted by [[peyote]]. This plant does not contain any mescaline, however; all parts of it are highly poisonous, due to the principle [[alkaloid]] [[cytisine]], which is chemically related to [[nicotine]].

| features =    <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->

 

| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->

| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->

| usda_zones = ?  <!--- eg. 8-11 -->

| sunset_zones =     <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->

| color = IndianRed

| image = Upload.png  <!--- Freesia.jpg -->

| image_width = 240px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->

| image_caption =    <!--- eg. Cultivated freesias -->

| regnum = Plantae  <!--- Kingdom -->

| divisio =  <!--- Phylum -->

| classis =   <!--- Class -->

| ordo =    <!--- Order -->

| familia =   <!--- Family -->

| cultivar =

{{Inc|

{{Inc|

Sophora secundiflora, Lag. Small tree, 35 ft. high, with short, slender trunk and upright branches forming a narrow head or shrubby: lvs. 4-6 in. long; lfts. 7-9, elliptic or obovate-oblong to oblong, rounded or emarginate at the apex, cuneate at the base, silky- pubescent while young, dark yellowish green above, 1-2 1/2 in. long: fls. violet-blue, the standard marked near the base with a few dark spots, very fragrant, about 1 in. long, in 1-sided racemes 2-3 in. long: pod white-tomentose, terete, 1-7 in. long, 1/2 – 3/4 in. thick; seed bright scarlet. Spring. Texas to New Mex.— On account of its handsome fragrant fls., to be recommended for planting South.

Sophora secundiflora, Lag. Small tree, 35 ft. high, with short, slender trunk and upright branches forming a narrow head or shrubby: lvs. 4-6 in. long; lfts. 7-9, elliptic or obovate-oblong to oblong, rounded or emarginate at the apex, cuneate at the base, silky- pubescent while young, dark yellowish green above, 1-2 1/2 in. long: fls. violet-blue, the standard marked near the base with a few dark spots, very fragrant, about 1 in. long, in 1-sided racemes 2-3 in. long: pod white-tomentose, terete, 1-7 in. long, 1/2 – 3/4 in. thick; seed bright scarlet. Spring. Texas to New Mex. S.S. 3:121. R.H. 1854:201.— On account of its handsome fragrant fls., to be recommended for planting South.

{{SCH}}

{{SCH}}

}}

}}

==Cultivation==

==Cultivation==

 

===Propagation===

===Propagation===

 

===Pests and diseases===

===Pests and diseases===

==Species==

 

==Varieties==

 

==Gallery==

==Gallery==

<gallery>

<gallery perrow=5>

Image:Upload.png| photo 1

File:Calia-secundiflora-20080321.JPG| photo 1

Image:Upload.png| photo 2

File:Sophora secundiflora beans.jpg| photo 2

Image:Upload.png| photo 3

Image:Upload.png| photo 3

</gallery>

</gallery>

==References==

==References==

<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->

<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->

<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->

<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->

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