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|familia=Oleaceae
|familia=Oleaceae
|genus=Fraxinus
|genus=Fraxinus
|common_name=Ash tree
|habit=tree
|Temp Metric=°F
|Temp Metric=°F
|jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
|jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
|image=Fraxinus ornus JPG1b.jpg
|image_width=200
|image_caption=Fraxinus ornus
| image = Fraxinus excelsior.jpg
| image_width = 240px <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
| image_caption = European Ash (''Fraxinus excelsior'')
}}
}}
'''''Fraxinus''''' ({{pron-en|ˈfræksɨnəs}})<ref>''Sunset Western Garden Book,'' 1995:606–607</ref> is a [[genus]] [[flowering plant]]s in the [[olive]] and [[lilac]] family, [[Oleaceae]]. It contains 45-65 species of usually medium to large [[tree]]s, mostly [[deciduous]] though a few [[Subtropics|subtropical]] species are [[evergreen]]. The tree's common English name, '''Ash''', goes back to the [[Old English]] ''æsc'', while the generic name originated in [[Latin]]. Both words also meant "[[spear]]" in their respective languages.<ref>{{cite book |url=http://books.google.com/?id=tzU3RIV2BWIC |title=Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture |editor=J. P. Mallory, Douglas Q. Adams |publisher=Taylor & Francis |year=1997 |isbn=9781884964985 |page=32}}</ref> The [[leaf|leaves]] are opposite (rarely in whorls of three), and mostly [[pinnate|pinnately compound]], simple in a few [[species]]. The [[seed]]s, popularly known as ''keys'' or ''helicopter seeds'', are a type of [[fruit]] known as a [[samara (fruit)|samara]]. [[Rowan]]s or Mountain Ashes are unrelated to true ashes and belong to the [[Genus]] [[Sorbus]] though the leaves and buds are superficially similar.
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[[Image:Ash flower.JPG|thumb|European Ash in flower]]
[[Image:Ash flower.JPG|thumb|European Ash in flower]]
[[Image:NarrowleafAsh.jpg|thumb|Narrow-leafed Ash (''Fraxinus angustifolia'') shoot with leaves]]
[[Image:NarrowleafAsh.jpg|thumb|Narrow-leafed Ash (''Fraxinus angustifolia'') shoot with leaves]]
Fraxinus (ancient Latin name). Oleaceae. Ash. Interesting trees grown chiefly for their handsome pinnate leaves and some species also for the conspicuous panicles of white flowers.
Fraxinus (ancient Latin name). Oleaceae. Ash. Interesting trees grown chiefly for their handsome pinnate leaves and some species also for the conspicuous panicles of white flowers.
==Species==
==Species==
Selected species{{wp}}:
Selected species{{wp}}:
;Ashes of eastern [[North America]]
;Eastern [[North America]]
* ''[[Fraxinus americana]]'' White Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus americana]]'' <small>L.</small> – White Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus caroliniana]]'' Water Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus caroliniana]]'' <small>Mill.</small> – Carolina Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus nigra]]'' Black Ash or Swamp Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus nigra]]'' <small>Marshall</small> – Black Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus pennsylvanica]]'' Green Ash (also includes Red Ash)
* ''[[Fraxinus pennsylvanica]]'' <small>Marshall</small> Green Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus profunda]]'' (syn. ''F. tomentosa'') Pumpkin Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus profunda]]'' <small>(Bush) Bush</small> – Pumpkin Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus quadrangulata]]'' Blue Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus quadrangulata]]'' <small>Michx.</small> – Blue Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus tremillium]]''<small></small> – Indigo Ash
;Ashes of western and southwestern [[North America]]
;Western and southwestern [[North America]]
* ''[[Fraxinus anomala]]'' Single-leaf Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus anomala]]'' <small>Torr. ex S.Watson</small> – Singleleaf Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus cuspidata]]'' Fragrant Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus berlandieriana]]'' <small>DC.</small> – Mexican Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus dipetala]]'' Two-petal Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus cuspidata]]'' <small>Torr.</small> – Fragrant Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus dipetala]]'' <small>Hook. & Arn.</small> – California Ash or Two-petal Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus dubia]]''
* ''[[Fraxinus dubia]]''
* ''[[Fraxinus gooddingii]]'' Goodding's Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus gooddingii]]''<small></small> – Goodding's Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus greggii]]'' Gregg's Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus greggii]]'' <small>A.Gray</small> – Gregg's Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus latifolia]]'' Oregon Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus latifolia]]'' <small>Benth.</small> – Oregon Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus lowellii]]'' Lowell Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus lowellii]]''<small></small> – Lowell Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus papillosa]]'' Chihuahua Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus papillosa]]'' <small>Lingelsh.</small> – Chihuahua Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus purpusii]]''
* ''[[Fraxinus purpusii]]''
* ''[[Fraxinus rufescens]]''
* ''[[Fraxinus rufescens]]''
* ''[[Fraxinus texensis]]'' Mountain Ash or Texas Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus texensis]]'' <small>(A.Gray) Sarg.</small> – Texas Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus uhdei]]'' Shamel Ash or Tropical Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus uhdei]]'' <small>(Wenz.) Lingelsh.</small> – Shamel Ash or Tropical Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus velutina]]'' Velvet Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus velutina]]'' <small>Torr.</small> – Velvet Ash
;Ashes of the Western [[Palearctic]] ([[Europe]], north [[Africa]] and southwest [[Asia]])
;Western [[Palearctic]] ([[Europe]], [[north Africa]] and [[Western Asia|southwest Asia]])
* ''[[Fraxinus angustifolia]]'' Narrow-leafed Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus angustifolia]]'' <small>Vahl</small> – Narrow-leafed Ash or Caucasian Ash
** ''[[Fraxinus angustifolia]]'' var. ''oxycarpa'' (syn. ''F. oxycarpa'') Caucasian Ash
** ''[[Fraxinus angustifolia]]'' subsp. ''oxycarpa''<small></small> – [[Claret Ash]] or Raywood Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus excelsior]]'' European Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus dimorpha]]''
* ''[[Fraxinus holotricha]]''
* ''[[Fraxinus excelsior]]'' <small>L.</small> – European Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus ornus]]'' Manna Ash or Flowering Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus holotricha]]'' <small>Koehne</small>
* ''[[Fraxinus pallisiae]]'' Pallis' Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus ornus]]'' <small>L.</small> – Manna Ash or Flowering Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus syriaca]]''
* ''[[Fraxinus pallisiae]]'' <small>Wilmott</small> – Pallis' Ash
;Ashes of the Eastern [[Palearctic]] (central & eastern [[Asia]])
;Eastern [[Palearctic]] ([[Central Asia|central]] and [[east Asia]])
* ''[[Fraxinus apertisquamifera]]''
* ''[[Fraxinus apertisquamifera]]''
* ''[[Fraxinus baroniana]]''
* ''[[Fraxinus baroniana]]''
* ''[[Fraxinus bungeana]]'' Bunge's Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus bungeana]]'' <small>DC.</small> – Bunge's Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus chinensis]]'' Chinese Ash or Korean Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus chinensis]]'' <small>Roxb.</small> – Chinese Ash or Korean Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus chiisanensis]]''
* ''[[Fraxinus chiisanensis]]''
* ''[[Fraxinus floribunda]]'' Himalayan Manna Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus floribunda]]'' <small>Wall.</small> – Himalayan Manna Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus griffithii]]'' Griffith's Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus griffithii]]''<small>C.B.Clarke</small> – Griffith's Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus hubeiensis]] ''
* ''[[Fraxinus hubeiensis]]''
* ''[[Fraxinus lanuginosa]] ''
* ''[[Fraxinus japonica]]''<small></small> – Japanese Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus longicuspis]]'' Japanese Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus lanuginosa]]''
* ''[[Fraxinus longicuspis]]''
* ''[[Fraxinus malacophylla]]''
* ''[[Fraxinus malacophylla]]''
* ''[[Fraxinus mandshurica]]'' Manchurian Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus mandschurica]]'' <small>Rupr.</small> – Manchurian Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus mariesii]]'' Chinese Flowering Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus mariesii]]''<small></small> – Maries' Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus micrantha]] ''
* ''[[Fraxinus micrantha]]'' <small>Lingelsh.</small>
* ''[[Fraxinus paxiana]] ''
* ''[[Fraxinus paxiana]]'' <small>Lingelsh.</small>
* ''[[Fraxinus platypoda]]''
* ''[[Fraxinus platypoda]]''
* ''[[Fraxinus raibocarpa]]''
* ''[[Fraxinus raibocarpa]]'' <small>Regel</small>
* ''[[Fraxinus sieboldiana]]'' Japanese Flowering Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus sieboldiana]]'' <small>Blume</small> – Japanese Flowering Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus spaethiana]]'' Späth's Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus spaethiana]]'' <small>Lingelsh.</small> – Späth's Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus trifoliata]]''
* ''[[Fraxinus trifoliata]]''
* ''[[Fraxinus xanthoxyloides]]'' Afghan Ash
* ''[[Fraxinus xanthoxyloides]]'' <small>(G.Don) Wall. ex DC.</small> – Afghan Ash<ref name="GRINspecies">{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?4752 |title=Species Records of ''Fraxinus'' |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |accessdate=2010-02-22}}</ref><ref name="ITIS">{{cite web |url=http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=32928 |title=''Fraxinus'' L. |work=ITIS Standard Reports |publisher=Integrated Taxonomic Information System |accessdate=2010-02-22}}</ref>
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<gallery>
<gallery>
Image:Upload.png| photo 1
Image:EurAshSeeds.jpg|Closeup of European Ash seeds
Image:Upload.png| photo 2
Image:Koeh-062.jpg|19th century illustration of Manna Ash (''Fraxinus ornus'')
Image:Upload.png| photo 3
Image:Upload.png| photo 3
</gallery>
</gallery>
*{{wplink}}
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