Difference between revisions of "Griselinia"
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{{SPlantbox | {{SPlantbox | ||
| + | |familia=Griseliniaceae | ||
|genus=Griselinia | |genus=Griselinia | ||
|habit_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia ISBN 0881925381 | |habit_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia ISBN 0881925381 | ||
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It is the sole genus in the family '''Griseliniaceae'''; in the past it was often placed in the [[Cornaceae]] (dogwood family, order [[Cornales]]), but differs from that in many features; recent genetic evidence from the [[Angiosperm Phylogeny Group]] has shown that it is correctly placed in the [[Apiales]]. | It is the sole genus in the family '''Griseliniaceae'''; in the past it was often placed in the [[Cornaceae]] (dogwood family, order [[Cornales]]), but differs from that in many features; recent genetic evidence from the [[Angiosperm Phylogeny Group]] has shown that it is correctly placed in the [[Apiales]]. | ||
| − | The [[leaf|leaves]] are [[evergreen]], smooth and glossy above, often paler below. The [[flower]]s are very small, with five sepals and stamens and a single stigma. Petals 2- | + | The [[leaf|leaves]] are [[evergreen]], smooth and glossy above, often paler below. The [[flower]]s are very small, with five sepals and stamens and a single stigma. Petals 2-3 mm long. However, the female flower of ''G.lucida'' has no petals. The [[fruit]] is a small purple oval [[berry]] 5-10 mm long. |
;New Zealand species | ;New Zealand species | ||
| − | The two New Zealand species are large shrubs or trees, from 4-20 m tall. Both trees are or can be [[epiphytic]] or [[hemiphytic]]. Though sometimes occurring on rocky outcrops or coastal cliffs G.lucida is almost exclusively so. The young tree often colonizes amongst other epiphytes like [[Collospermum]] and [[Astelia]] high in the forest canopy, before growing aerial roots down the trunk of its host. Upon contact with the ground the roots can become large - up to | + | The two New Zealand species are large shrubs or trees, from 4-20 m tall. Both trees are or can be [[epiphytic]] or [[hemiphytic]]. Though sometimes occurring on rocky outcrops or coastal cliffs G.lucida is almost exclusively so. The young tree often colonizes amongst other epiphytes like [[Collospermum]] and [[Astelia]] high in the forest canopy, before growing aerial roots down the trunk of its host. Upon contact with the ground the roots can become large - up to 250 mm thick, and are easily identified for their heavy length wise corrugations. ''G. lucida'' seldom becomes a freestanding tree if having begun life epiphytically, and can often be seen to have collapsed where the host has died. |
Epiphytic growth in G.littoralis is less common but does occur in wetter climates. | Epiphytic growth in G.littoralis is less common but does occur in wetter climates. | ||
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==Varieties== | ==Varieties== | ||
The vernacular names from New Zealand species are of [[Māori]] origin. | The vernacular names from New Zealand species are of [[Māori]] origin. | ||
| − | *''[[Griselinia littoralis|G. littoralis]]'' - Kapuka; leaves 6- | + | *''[[Griselinia littoralis|G. littoralis]]'' - Kapuka; leaves 6-14 cm long. |
| − | *''G. lucida'' - [[Akapuka]]; differs from ''G. littoralis'' in larger leaves, to 12- | + | *''G. lucida'' - [[Akapuka]]; differs from ''G. littoralis'' in larger leaves, to 12-18 cm long. |
;South American species | ;South American species | ||
Latest revision as of 20:19, 9 August 2010
| Lifespan: | ⌛ | perennial |
|---|
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Griselinia is a genus of seven species of shrubs and trees, with a highly disjunct distribution native to New Zealand and South America. It is a classic example of the Antarctic flora.
It is the sole genus in the family Griseliniaceae; in the past it was often placed in the Cornaceae (dogwood family, order Cornales), but differs from that in many features; recent genetic evidence from the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group has shown that it is correctly placed in the Apiales.
The leaves are evergreen, smooth and glossy above, often paler below. The flowers are very small, with five sepals and stamens and a single stigma. Petals 2-3 mm long. However, the female flower of G.lucida has no petals. The fruit is a small purple oval berry 5-10 mm long.
- New Zealand species
The two New Zealand species are large shrubs or trees, from 4-20 m tall. Both trees are or can be epiphytic or hemiphytic. Though sometimes occurring on rocky outcrops or coastal cliffs G.lucida is almost exclusively so. The young tree often colonizes amongst other epiphytes like Collospermum and Astelia high in the forest canopy, before growing aerial roots down the trunk of its host. Upon contact with the ground the roots can become large - up to 250 mm thick, and are easily identified for their heavy length wise corrugations. G. lucida seldom becomes a freestanding tree if having begun life epiphytically, and can often be seen to have collapsed where the host has died. Epiphytic growth in G.littoralis is less common but does occur in wetter climates.
Cultivation
Propagation
Pests and diseases
Varieties
The vernacular names from New Zealand species are of Māori origin.
- G. littoralis - Kapuka; leaves 6-14 cm long.
- G. lucida - Akapuka; differs from G. littoralis in larger leaves, to 12-18 cm long.
- South American species
The five South American species are smaller shrubs, 1-5 m tall. All are known as Yelmo.
- G. carlomunozii - coastal northern Chile (Antofagasta)
- G. jodinifolia - Chile
- G. racemosa - southern Chile (Los Lagos, Aisén) and adjacent Argentina (western Chubut)
- G. ruscifolia - Argentina, Chile, southeast Brazil
- G. scandens - central and southern Chile
Gallery
photo 1
photo 2
photo 3
References
External links
- w:Griselinia. Some of the material on this page may be from Wikipedia, under the Creative Commons license.
- Griselinia QR Code (Size 50, 100, 200, 500)
