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| | | usda_zones = | | | usda_zones = |
| | | sunset_zones = | | | sunset_zones = |
| | + | | regnum = Plantae |
| | + | | divisio = Magnoliophyta |
| | + | | classis = Magnoliopsida |
| | + | | ordo = Rosales |
| | + | | familia = Rosaceae |
| | + | | subfamilia = Rosoideae |
| | + | | genus = Rosa |
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| | A '''rose''' is a [[perennial plant|perennial]] flowering [[shrub]] or vine of the [[genus]] '''''Rosa''''', within the family [[Rosaceae]], that contains over 100 species. The species form a group of erect shrubs, and climbing or trailing plants, with stems that are often armed with sharp [[thorns]]. Most are native to Asia, with smaller numbers of species native to Europe, North America, and northwest Africa. Natives, [[cultivar]]s and [[hybrid]]s are all widely grown for their beauty and fragrance. [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/509710/rose] | | A '''rose''' is a [[perennial plant|perennial]] flowering [[shrub]] or vine of the [[genus]] '''''Rosa''''', within the family [[Rosaceae]], that contains over 100 species. The species form a group of erect shrubs, and climbing or trailing plants, with stems that are often armed with sharp [[thorns]]. Most are native to Asia, with smaller numbers of species native to Europe, North America, and northwest Africa. Natives, [[cultivar]]s and [[hybrid]]s are all widely grown for their beauty and fragrance. [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/509710/rose] |
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| | The main insect pest affecting roses is the [[aphid]] (greenfly), which sucks the sap and weakens the plant. ([[Coccinellidae|Ladybird]]s are a predator of aphids and should be encouraged in the rose garden.) The spraying with insecticide of roses is often recommended but should be done with care to minimize the loss of beneficial insects. Roses are also used as food plants by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] ([[butterfly]] and [[moth]]) species; see [[list of Lepidoptera that feed on roses]]. | | The main insect pest affecting roses is the [[aphid]] (greenfly), which sucks the sap and weakens the plant. ([[Coccinellidae|Ladybird]]s are a predator of aphids and should be encouraged in the rose garden.) The spraying with insecticide of roses is often recommended but should be done with care to minimize the loss of beneficial insects. Roses are also used as food plants by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] ([[butterfly]] and [[moth]]) species; see [[list of Lepidoptera that feed on roses]]. |
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| − | ==Uses==
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| − | [[Attar of rose]] is the steam-extracted essential oil from rose flowers that has been used in perfumes for centuries. [[Rose water]], made from the rose oil, is widely used in Asian and Middle Eastern cuisine. Rose hips are occasionally made into [[jam]], [[Jelly (fruit preserves)|jelly]], and [[marmalade]], or are brewed for tea, primarily for their high [[Vitamin C]] content. They are also pressed and filtered to make rose hip syrup. Rose hips are also used to produce [[Rose hip seed oil]], which is used in skin products and some makeup products.
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| − | ==History==
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| − | The rose has always been valued for its beauty and has a long history of symbolism. The ancient [[Greeks]] and [[Ancient Rome|Romans]] identified the rose with their goddesses of love referred to as Aphrodite and Venus. In [[Rome]] a wild rose would be placed on the door of a room where secret or confidential matters were discussed. The phrase ''[[sub rosa]]'', or "under the rose", means to keep a secret — derived from this ancient Roman practice.
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| − | Early [[Christian]]s identified the five petals of the rose with the five wounds of [[Christ]]. Despite this interpretation, their leaders were hesitant to adopt it because of its association with Roman excesses and pagan ritual. The red rose was eventually adopted as a symbol of the blood of the [[Christian]] martyrs. Roses also later came to be associated with the Virgin Mary.
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| − | Rose culture came into its own in [[Europe]] in the 1800s with the introduction of perpetual blooming roses from [[China]]. There are currently thousands of varieties of roses developed for bloom shape, size, fragrance and even for lack of prickles.
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| − | ==Taxonomy==
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| − | {{Taxbox
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| − | | color = IndianRed
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| − | | regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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| − | | divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
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| − | | classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
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| − | | ordo = [[Rosales]]
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| − | | familia = [[Rosaceae]]
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| − | | subfamilia = [[Rosoideae]]
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| − | | genus = '''''Rosa'''''
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| − | | genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
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| − | | subdivision_ranks = Species
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| − | | subdivision =
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| − | Between 100 and 150, [[List of Rosa species|see list]]
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| − | }}
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| − | The name originates from [[Latin]] ''rosa'', borrowed through [[Oscan language|Oscan]] from [[Magna Graecia|colonial Greek]] in southern [[Italy]]: ''rhodon'' ([[Aeolic]] form: ''wrodon''), from [[Aramaic]] ''wurrdā'', from [[Assyrian language|Assyrian]] ''wurtinnu'', from Old Iranian *''warda'' (cf. [[Armenian language|Armenian]] ''vard'', [[Avestan]] ''warda'', [[Sogdian language|Sogdian]] ''ward'', [[Parthian language|Parthian]] ''wâr'').[http://www.rose-bushes.com/about/][http://www.iranica.com/articles/v11f1/v11f1033.html]
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| − | ==Distribution and habitat==
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| | == References == | | == References == |