Difference between revisions of "Vaccinium"
(flora) |
|||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
− | {{ | + | __NOTOC__{{Plantbox |
− | + | | name = ''Vaccinium'' | |
− | | name = ''Vaccinium'' | + | | common_names = Incl: blueberries, cranberries, huckleberries, lingonberries |
+ | | growth_habit = shrubs, sm. trees, vines | ||
+ | | high = <!--- 1m (3 ft) --> | ||
+ | | wide = <!--- 65cm (25 inches) --> | ||
+ | | origin = N Hemisphere and S Africa | ||
+ | | poisonous = <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous --> | ||
+ | | lifespan = perennial | ||
+ | | exposure = <!--- sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) --> | ||
+ | | water = <!--- frequent, regular, drought tolerant, let dry then soak --> | ||
+ | | features = <!--- flowers, fragrance, naturalizes, invasive --> | ||
+ | | hardiness = <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5[[Celsius|°C]], etc --> | ||
+ | | bloom = <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers --> | ||
+ | | usda_zones = <!--- eg. 8-11 --> | ||
+ | | sunset_zones = <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available --> | ||
+ | | color = IndianRed | ||
| image = Vaccinium corymbosum(01).jpg | | image = Vaccinium corymbosum(01).jpg | ||
− | | image_width = | + | | image_width = 200px |
| image_caption = ''Vaccinium corymbosum'' | | image_caption = ''Vaccinium corymbosum'' | ||
− | | regnum = | + | | regnum = Plantae |
− | | divisio = | + | | divisio = Magnoliophyta |
− | | | + | | unranked_classis = eudicots |
− | | ordo = | + | | ordo = Ericales |
− | | familia = | + | | familia = Ericaceae |
− | | | + | | subfamilia = Vaccinioideae |
− | | | + | | tribus = Vaccinieae |
− | | | + | | genus = Vaccinium |
− | |||
}} | }} | ||
+ | The genus includes about 450 species of shrubs, small trees and vines which may be evergreen and deciduous. Genus includes blueberries, cranberries, and huckleberries. Most species have small and often colorful fruits, some of which are edible. Flowers can be attractive, tend to be small, face downward, have an urn-shape, and can come individually or in clusters. Most have simple leaves which are oval to lance-shaped. The tips of the leaves are frequently pointed, and the edges sometimes have serration. | ||
− | + | ==Cultivation== | |
+ | {{monthbox | ||
+ | | color = IndianRed | ||
+ | | name = <!--- type name of plant just to the right of the equal sign on the left --> | ||
+ | | jan = | ||
+ | | feb = | ||
+ | | mar = | ||
+ | | apr = | ||
+ | | may = | ||
+ | | jun = | ||
+ | | jul = | ||
+ | | aug = | ||
+ | | sep = | ||
+ | | oct = | ||
+ | | nov = | ||
+ | | dec = | ||
+ | | notes = | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | ''Vaccinium'' like moist, cool, well-drained soil that is rich in humus and acidic. They need protection from very hot summer sun. Conditions suitable to rhododendrons and camellias also tend to keep Vaccinium happy. Rather shrubby species ought to be shaped by pruning: after flowering when fruit is not needed, or else at harvest. | ||
− | + | ===Propagation=== | |
+ | You can propagate from seed, cuttings, layering and sometimes division. | ||
− | + | ===Pests and diseases=== | |
+ | {{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line --> | ||
− | + | ==Species== | |
+ | A classification which predates [[molecular phylogeny]] divides ''Vaccinium'' into subgenera, and several sections: | ||
;Subgenus '''''Oxycoccus''''': The [[cranberry|cranberries]], with slender, trailing, wiry non-woody shoots and strongly reflexed flower petals. Some botanists treat ''Oxycoccus'' as a distinct genus. | ;Subgenus '''''Oxycoccus''''': The [[cranberry|cranberries]], with slender, trailing, wiry non-woody shoots and strongly reflexed flower petals. Some botanists treat ''Oxycoccus'' as a distinct genus. | ||
*Sect. ''Oxycoccus'' | *Sect. ''Oxycoccus'' | ||
Line 72: | Line 107: | ||
**''[[Vaccinium caesariense]]'' (New Jersey Blueberry) | **''[[Vaccinium caesariense]]'' (New Jersey Blueberry) | ||
**''[[Vaccinium corymbosum]]'' (Highbush Blueberry) | **''[[Vaccinium corymbosum]]'' (Highbush Blueberry) | ||
− | **''[[Vaccinium darrowii]]'' | + | **''[[Vaccinium darrowii]]'' (Evergreen Blueberry) |
− | **''[[Vaccinium elliottii]]'' | + | **''[[Vaccinium elliottii]]'' (Elliott's Blueberry) |
**''[[Vaccinium formosum]]'' | **''[[Vaccinium formosum]]'' | ||
**''[[Vaccinium fuscatum]]'' (Black Highbush Blueberry; syn. ''V. atrococcum'') | **''[[Vaccinium fuscatum]]'' (Black Highbush Blueberry; syn. ''V. atrococcum'') | ||
Line 100: | Line 135: | ||
**''[[Vaccinium smallii]]'' | **''[[Vaccinium smallii]]'' | ||
*Sect. ''Myrtillus'' | *Sect. ''Myrtillus'' | ||
− | **''[[Vaccinium calycinum]]'' | + | **''[[Vaccinium calycinum]]'' (Ōhelo kau la{{okina}}au) |
− | **''[[Vaccinium cespitosum]]'' | + | **''[[Vaccinium cespitosum]]'' (Dwarf bilberry) |
**''[[Vaccinium deliciosum]]'' (Cascade Bilberry) | **''[[Vaccinium deliciosum]]'' (Cascade Bilberry) | ||
− | **''[[Vaccinium dentatum]]'' | + | **''[[Vaccinium dentatum]]'' (Ōhelo) |
**''[[Vaccinium membranaceum]]'' | **''[[Vaccinium membranaceum]]'' | ||
**''[[Bilberry|Vaccinium myrtillus]]'' (Bilberry) | **''[[Bilberry|Vaccinium myrtillus]]'' (Bilberry) | ||
**''[[Vaccinium ovalifolium]]'' (Alaska Blueberry; syn. ''V. alaskaense'') | **''[[Vaccinium ovalifolium]]'' (Alaska Blueberry; syn. ''V. alaskaense'') | ||
**''[[Vaccinium parvifolium]]'' (Red Huckleberry) | **''[[Vaccinium parvifolium]]'' (Red Huckleberry) | ||
− | **''[[Vaccinium praestans]]'' | + | **''[[Vaccinium praestans]]'' - ''Krasnika'' in Russian ({{lang-ru|[[:ru:Красника|Красника]]}}) |
− | **''[[Vaccinium reticulatum]]'' ( | + | **''[[Vaccinium reticulatum]]'' (Ōhelo {{okina}}ai) |
**''[[Vaccinium scoparium]]'' (Grouse Whortleberry) | **''[[Vaccinium scoparium]]'' (Grouse Whortleberry) | ||
*Sect. ''Neurodesia'' | *Sect. ''Neurodesia'' | ||
Line 131: | Line 166: | ||
**''[[Vaccinium vitis-idaea]]'' (Cowberry, Lingonberry) | **''[[Vaccinium vitis-idaea]]'' (Cowberry, Lingonberry) | ||
− | == | + | ==Gallery== |
− | + | {{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery --> | |
− | [[Category: | + | <gallery> |
+ | Image:Upload.png| photo 1 | ||
+ | Image:Upload.png| photo 2 | ||
+ | Image:Upload.png| photo 3 | ||
+ | </gallery> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==References== | ||
+ | *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381 | ||
+ | <!--- xxxxx *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432 --> | ||
+ | <!--- xxxxx *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608 --> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==External links== | ||
+ | *{{wplink}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{stub}} | ||
+ | [[Category:Categorize]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | <!-- in order to add all the proper categories, go to http://www.plants.am/wiki/Plant_Categories and copy/paste the contents of the page here, and then follow the easy instructions! --> |
Revision as of 20:54, 11 March 2009
Lifespan: | ⌛ | perennial |
---|---|---|
Origin: | ✈ | N Hemisphere and S Africa |
The genus includes about 450 species of shrubs, small trees and vines which may be evergreen and deciduous. Genus includes blueberries, cranberries, and huckleberries. Most species have small and often colorful fruits, some of which are edible. Flowers can be attractive, tend to be small, face downward, have an urn-shape, and can come individually or in clusters. Most have simple leaves which are oval to lance-shaped. The tips of the leaves are frequently pointed, and the edges sometimes have serration.
Cultivation
calendar? | ||
---|---|---|
January: | ||
February: | ||
March: | ||
April: | ||
May: | ||
June: | ||
July: | ||
August: | ||
September: | ||
October: | ||
November: | ||
December: | ||
Notes: |
Vaccinium like moist, cool, well-drained soil that is rich in humus and acidic. They need protection from very hot summer sun. Conditions suitable to rhododendrons and camellias also tend to keep Vaccinium happy. Rather shrubby species ought to be shaped by pruning: after flowering when fruit is not needed, or else at harvest.
Propagation
You can propagate from seed, cuttings, layering and sometimes division.
Pests and diseases
- Do you have pest and disease info on this plant? Edit this section!
Species
A classification which predates molecular phylogeny divides Vaccinium into subgenera, and several sections:
- Subgenus Oxycoccus
- The cranberries, with slender, trailing, wiry non-woody shoots and strongly reflexed flower petals. Some botanists treat Oxycoccus as a distinct genus.
- Sect. Oxycoccus
- Vaccinium macrocarpon (American Cranberry)
- Vaccinium microcarpum (Small Cranberry)
- Vaccinium oxycoccus (Common Cranberry)
- Sect. Oxycoccoides
- Vaccinium erythrocarpum (Southern Mountain Cranberry)
- Subgenus Vaccinium
- All the other species, with thicker, upright woody shoots and bell-shaped flowers.
- Sect. Batodendron
- Vaccinium arboreum (Sparkleberry) (images)
- Vaccinium crassifolium (Creeping blueberry)
- Sect. Brachyceratium
- Sect. Bracteata
- Vaccinium acrobracteatum
- Vaccinium barandanum
- Vaccinium bracteatum
- Vaccinium coriaceum
- Vaccinium cornigerum
- Vaccinium cruentum
- Vaccinium hooglandii
- Vaccinium horizontale
- Vaccinium laurifolium
- Vaccinium lucidum
- Vaccinium myrtoides
- Vaccinium phillyreoides
- Vaccinium reticulatovenosum
- Vaccinium sparsum
- Vaccinium varingifolium
- Sect. Ciliata
- Sect. Cinctosandra
- Sect. Conchophyllum
- Sect. Cyanococcus (blueberries)
- Vaccinium angustifolium (Lowbush Blueberry)
- Vaccinium boreale (Northern Blueberry)
- Vaccinium caesariense (New Jersey Blueberry)
- Vaccinium corymbosum (Highbush Blueberry)
- Vaccinium darrowii (Evergreen Blueberry)
- Vaccinium elliottii (Elliott's Blueberry)
- Vaccinium formosum
- Vaccinium fuscatum (Black Highbush Blueberry; syn. V. atrococcum)
- Vaccinium hirsutum
- Vaccinium koreanum
- Vaccinium myrsinites (Evergreen Blueberry)
- Vaccinium myrtilloides (Canadian Blueberry)
- Vaccinium pallidum (Dryland Blueberry) (images)
- Vaccinium simulatum
- Vaccinium tenellum
- Vaccinium virgatum (Rabbiteye Blueberry; syn. V. ashei)
- Sect. Eococcus
- Sect. Epigynium
- Sect. Galeopetalum
- Sect. Hemimyrtillus
- Sect. Myrtillus
- Vaccinium calycinum (Ōhelo kau laTemplate:Okinaau)
- Vaccinium cespitosum (Dwarf bilberry)
- Vaccinium deliciosum (Cascade Bilberry)
- Vaccinium dentatum (Ōhelo)
- Vaccinium membranaceum
- Vaccinium myrtillus (Bilberry)
- Vaccinium ovalifolium (Alaska Blueberry; syn. V. alaskaense)
- Vaccinium parvifolium (Red Huckleberry)
- Vaccinium praestans - Krasnika in Russian (Template:Lang-ru)
- Vaccinium reticulatum (Ōhelo Template:Okinaai)
- Vaccinium scoparium (Grouse Whortleberry)
- Sect. Neurodesia
- Sect. Oarianthe
- Sect. Oreades
- Sect. Pachyanthum
- Sect. Polycodium
- Vaccinium stamineum (Deerberry; syn. V. caesium) (images)
- Sect. Pyxothamnus
- Vaccinium consanguineum
- Vaccinium floribundum
- Vaccinium ovatum (California Huckleberry)
- Sect. Vaccinium
- Vaccinium uliginosum (Northern (or Bog) Bilberry; syn. V. occidentale)
- Sect. Vitis-idaea
- Vaccinium vitis-idaea (Cowberry, Lingonberry)
Gallery
If you have a photo of this plant, please upload it! Plus, there may be other photos available for you to add.
References
- Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381
External links
- w:Vaccinium. Some of the material on this page may be from Wikipedia, under the Creative Commons license.
- Vaccinium QR Code (Size 50, 100, 200, 500)