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Revision as of 20:31, 13 June 2009
Read about Paphiopedilum in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture
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Paphiopedilum (from Paphos, Paphinia see, and Latin for sandal). Orchidàceae. Terrestrial or epiphytic orchids grown in a warm greenhouse; comprises the glasshouse cypripediums. Rhizome somewhat creeping: lvs. coriaceous, keeled below, sulcate above, conduplicate in vernation, green or tesselated: fls. showy; sepals 3, the dorsal erect, showy the lateral united; petals spreading or pendulous; lip saccate, the margin of the orifice not inflexed; column short; ovary 1-celled, with parietal placentae.— About 50 species in Trop. Asia, Malay Archipelago, Philippines. Differ from Cypripedium chiefly in having the lvs. conduplicate in the bud instead of convolute and in having a deciduous perigonium instead of withering and persistent. Cf. Pfitzer, Pflanzenreich, hft. 12. Cultivation of paphiopedilums. (Alfred J. Loveless.) Paphiopedilums generally are of easy culture, and may be grown in one house by devoting the cool end to P. insigne and its hybrids, and the selenipedium group. The plants should never be allowed to become dry, as they are making active growth most of the time. Light spraying should be frequent in bright weather, and an application of very weak liquid manure occasionally will be found of great assistance in keeping the plants healthy. Ventilation regulated according to external conditions is essential at all times to maintain atmospheric action. During the winter months the thermometer should register from 55° to 60° F. by night, and about 65° F. by day, with sun heat a few degrees higher doing no harm. On the approach of spring the temperature should be slightly advanced to prepare the plants for summer heat, and accordingly decreased on the approach of fall. A light shading will be necessary at all times, to prevent excessive heat and sunburn, with heavier shading toward midsummer by the addition of bamboo shades, these to be removed in autumn, and dispensed with during the winter. The greater part of the species grow best in pots, in a compost composed of two parts peat-fiber, one part turfy loam, one part chopped living sphagnum, one- third of the pot room being devoted to clean drainage. The compost should be pressed in rather firmly around the roots, finishing off about 1/2 inch below the rim of the pot. A sharp lookout should be kept for thrip, and clean pots, with frequent sponging of the foliage, is essential to the good health of the plants. P. insigne and kindred species should have one part chopped sod added to the above mixture (see note on culture in Veitch's "Orchid Manual" 2:34). P. villosum and P. Exul sometimes suffer under pot culture from fungi, which attack the base of the plant in sultry summer weather. Basket culture will obviate this, as it allows a better circulation of air through the compost. P. Lowei, P. Parishii, P. philippinense and allied species, together with Seleni- pedium caudatum, are truly epiphytic and preferably should be grown in baskets. By this method the roots are better preserved and less liable to decay during the winter season. The concolor section requires a warm moist location with free access to the air. The species should be grown in rather small pots, with at least half the space devoted to drainage of broken charcoal or other free material. The potting compost should consist of equal parts chopped sod, peat-fiber and living sphag . Limestone is often recommended as essential in culture of this section, but, the conditions being it gives no beneficial results (Orchid Review 4:45; Veitch's Manual 2:19, 20). The deciduous tropical species require similar treatment to the evergreen kinds. They have a long dormant period during which they should be rested in a temperature of 50° F., with sufficient water to keep the compost moist until growth starts, when they must be returned to their proper department and enjoy a liberal supply of water until after the flowering season, when they must be ripened off and the water supply gradually withheld. The hardy species (true cypripediums) do better planted out in the open ground or in rockeries, where they should be so situated as to have good drainage and shade. The soil must be free and porous and consist of three parts chopped turf and equal parts of peat and sphagnum. They require a liberal supply of water and frequent syringing over the foliage while growing,but the supply should be gradually reduced after the flowering period until only enough water is given to keep the soil moist. During the winter the plants should be protected with leaves or pine boughs. Cypripedium reginae and C. pubescens grow well under pot culture. A 7- to 10-inch pot will hold eight or a dozen crowns, which should be planted 2 inches below the surface. Two inches of drainage are sufficient. The pots should be filled with soil (firmly pressed in) to 1/2 inch below the rim. After a thorough watering they should be stored in a coldframe and protected with leaves and boughs. About the middle of February they may be removed to a coolhouse, where they should remain for a week, and then be placed in the cool end of the cypripedium house, where they should be watered sparingly until growth-action starts. These plants make strong growths under this treatment, and the flowers are a decided improvement over those produced outside. See Cypripedium & Phragmopedilum. All paphiopedilums are propagated by division, but many beautiful hybrids have been added to the list, since the raising from seed has been better understood. INDEX. Abbottianum, 42. Crashawae, 21. illustre, 19, 40. acrosepalum, 10. Croesii, 40. insigne, 19, 20. albens, 19. cruciforme, 12. javanicum, 32, 33. albo-marginatum, 18, Cuhingianum, 19. Kimballianum, 7, 19, 19. cupreum, 30. 35. alboviride. 23. Curtisii, 36. lavigatum, 8 album, 1, 4. Dayanum, 34. Largerae,19. Amesianum, 19. Demidoffii, 38. Laingii, 2. amoenum, 19, 36. Desmetianum, 21. Lawrencianum, 42. ampliatum, 2. Dormanianum, 19. leodiense, 23. anophthalmum, 26. Dowminianum, 19. Leucochilum, 2. apiculatum, 19. Druryi, 22. Lindenii, 18, 38, 39, Appletonianum, 25. Duvivierianum, 21. 42. Argus, 39. egregium, 1. lineatum, 1. Arnoldianum, 19. Elliottianum, 5. longipetalum,3. atratum,18. Elmireanum, 37. longisepalum, 19. atropurpureum, 42. Ernestianum, 34. Lowei, 12, 27. atrorubrum, 42. Ernestii, 19. Lowii, 1. aureum, 18, 19. expansum, 42. Lucianii, 19. auriculum, 42. exul, 20. Lutchwycheanum, 19. barbatum, 28, 38, 39, Eyermannianum, 19. luteo-album, 19. 40. Eyermannii, 19. luteo-purpureum, 1. bellatulum, 1. Fairieanum. 24. luteum, 28. biflorum, 1,39,40,42. Forstermanii, 19. Macfarlanei, 19. Boddaertii, 39. fuscatum, 19. magnificum, 21, 23, Boxallii. 18. giganteum, 1, 18, 27,37, 42. Breevesianum, 19. 39, 40, 41, 42. majus, 1,28,33,40. Brownii. 19. Gilmoreanum, 19. Mandevilleanum, 19. brugense, 19. glanduliferum, 6, 7. Mantinii, 39. Bullenianum, 25, 26. glaucophyllum, 16. marginatum, 21.caerulesoens,28,40. Godefroyae,2. Mariae,2. callosum, 41. Gortonii, 18. marmoratum, 42. canariense, 18. gracile. 19, 40. Mastersianum, 31. Cannaertianum, 8, 10. grande, 1, 42. Maulei, 19. Chamberlainianum, grandiflorum, 1, 23, maximum, 19, 37. 15.37, 39, 40. Measuresianum, 18, Chantinii. 19. Gravesianum, 19. 28. 29. Charlesworthii, 21. Grenieri, 42. Mercatellianum, 23. chlorophyllum, 3. guttatum, 19. minus, 33. Chotekae-, 1. Hallianum. 19. Miteauanum, 37. ciliolare, 37.Haynaldianum, 13. Moensii, 18, 39, 42. citrinum, 19. hemi-xanthinum, 2.montanum, 19. coloratum, 42.Hendersonii, 40.Mooreanum, 19. Colsonianum, 19.hirsutissimum, 17.Morrenianum, 39. conchiflorum. 21.Hookerse, 26, 27, 28.mosaicum, 40. concolor. 2, 3. Horsmanianum, 19.multicolor, 39. corrugatum,19. Hurrellinum, 19.nanum, 23, 40. Cowperianum, 19.Hyeanum. 42. neo-quineense, 5. nigrescens, 23. punctatissimum.4, 19. Stonei, 10. nigricana, 39. punctatum, 4. striatum, 2. nigritum, 40. purpurascens, 42. Studbyanum, 19. nigro-maculatum, 39. purpuratum, 35, 39, sublseve, 41. nigrum, 39, 40, 42.40. sulphurinum, 3. Nilsonii, 19. purpureum, 40. superbiens, 19, 28, 30, niveum, 4. Requieri, 3, 4. 34, 38.nobile, 40.reticulatum, 4. superbum, 1, 2, 30,O'Brienii, 40.Roebbelenii, 8. 33, 34. 39, 40, 42.oculatum, 26. roseum, 1, 4, 42. sylhetense. 19. orbum, 40.Rossianum, 41. tigrinum, 39. pallidum, 36. Rothschildianum, 5. tonkinense, 3. pardinum, 23. rubesoens, 23. tonsum, 30. Parishii. 11. Sanderae, 19, 41. unicolor, 21. Petri, 34. Sanderianum, 9, 19. Veitchianum, 38. philippinense, 8. Schmidtianum, 41. venustum, 29. pictum, 40, 42. Seegeri, 35. Victoria-Mariae, 14. Pitcherianum, 39, 42. sinicum, 35. villosum, 18. platytaenium, 5, 8, 10. Smithix, 2. virdiflorum, 41. pleioleucum, 42. Smithianum, 34. virens, 32. plumosum, 40. spectabile, 29, 34. virescens, 42. porphyreum, 40. Spice rianum, 23. viridifolium, 2. Poyntzianum, 25. splendens, 34, 37. Volonteanum, 27. praestans, 6, 7. splendidum, 37. Warneri, 40. pulcherrimum, 40. stenosemum, 42.
The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text. |
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Paphiopedilum is a genus in the orchid family (Orchidaceae) of approximately 77 species native to South China, India, Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands. The genus has been given its own subtribe, the Paphiopedilinae.
Description
The genus name Paphiopedilum is derived from the Greek Paphos, a city on the island of Cyprus, and pedilon, slipper. Most species in this genus were previously considered part of the genus Cypripedium, but Paphiopedilum was accepted as the conserved (valid in use) name in 1959.
Paphiopedilum (sometimes colloquially referred to as "Paphs") are considered highly collectible by growers due to the curious and unusual form of their flowers. Most naturally occur among humus layers as terrestrials on the forest floor, while a few are true epiphytes and some are lithophytes.
Along with Phragmipedium, Cypripedium, Mexipedium, and Selenipedium, the genus is a member of the subfamily Cypripedioideae, commonly referred to as the Lady’s or Venus’ Slipper Orchids, so named from the unusual shape of the pouch (labellum) of the flower, which was said to resemble a lady’s slipper. The pouch functions by trapping insects so that they are forced to climb up past the staminode, behind which they collect or deposit pollinia.
These sympodial orchids lack pseudobulbs. Instead they grow robust shoots, each with several leaves. These can be short and rounded or long and narrow, and typically have a mottled pattern. When older shoots die, newer ones take over. Each new shoot only blooms once when it is fully grown, producing a raceme between the fleshy, succulent leaves. The roots are thick and fleshy. Potted plants form a tight lump of roots that, when untangled, can be up to l m long.
The Chinese orchid Paphiopedilum armeniacum, discovered in 1979 and described in 1982, amazed growers of orchids by the extraordinary beauty of its golden flowers.
The Paphiopedilums are among the most widely cultivated and hybridized of orchid genera. Thousands of interspecific hybrids have been registered with the Royal Horticultural Society in London over the years. These orchids are relatively easy to grow indoors, as long as conditions that mimic their natural habitats are created. Most species thrive in moderate to high humidity (50 to 70 percent), moderate temperatures ranging from 13 to 35 degrees Celsius and low light of 12,000 to 20,000 lux. Modern hybrids are typically easier to grow in artificial conditions than their parent species.
Synonymy
The 3 genera Cordula Raf., Stimegas Raf. and Menephora Raf. are generally considered synonyms of Paphiopedilum.
Taxonomy
The genus Paphiopedilum has been divided into several subgenera, and then further into sections and subsections.
- Subgenus Parvisepalum
- Subgenus Brachypetalum
- Subgenus Polyantha
- section Mastigopetalum
- section Polyantha
- section Mystropetalum
- section Stictopetalum
- section Paphiopedilum
- section Seratopetalum
- section Cymatopetalum
- section Thiopetalum
- Subgenus Sigmatopetalum
- section Spathopetalum
- subsection Macronidium
- subsection Spathopetalum
- section Blepharopetalum
- section Mastersianum
- section Punctatum
- section Barbata
- subsection Lorapetalum
- subsection Chloroneura
- section Planipetalum
- section Venustum
- Subgenus Cochlopetalum
Species, subspecies and varieties
- Paphiopedilum acmodontum (Philippines).
- Paphiopedilum adductum (Philippines).
- Paphiopedilum appletonianum (Hainan to Indo-China).
- Paphiopedilum argus (Philippines - Luzon).
- Paphiopedilum armeniacum : Golden Slippers (China - W. YunNan to N. Myanmar).
- Paphiopedilum armeniacum var. parviflorum (China - S. YunNan) (synonym of Paphiopedilum armeniacum S.C.Chen & F.Y.Liu)
- Paphiopedilum armeniacum var. undulatum (China - S. YunNan) (synonym of Paphiopedilum armeniacum S.C.Chen & F.Y.Liu)
- Paphiopedilum armeniacum f. markii (China - S. YunNan) (synonym of Paphiopedilum armeniacum S.C.Chen & F.Y.Liu)
- Paphiopedilum barbatum (Pen. Thailand to Sumatra).
- Paphiopedilum barbigerum (China - SE. YunNan, SW. Guizhou, Guangxi).
- Paphiopedilum bellatulum : Egg-in-a-nest Orchid (China - SE. YunNan, Guizhou, S. Guangxi to Indo-China).
- Paphiopedilum bougainvilleanum (Solomon Is).
- Paphiopedilum bougainvilleanum var. bougainvilleanum (Solomon Is. - North Solomons). Hemicr.
- Paphiopedilum bougainvilleanum var. saskianum ( Solomon Is. - South Solomons).. Hemicr.
- Paphiopedilum bullenianum (Malaysia).
- Paphiopedilum bullenianum var. bullenianum (W. Malaysia). Hemicr.
- Paphiopedilum bullenianum var. celebesense (Sulawesi to Maluku). Hemicr.
- Paphiopedilum callosum (Indo-China to NW. Pen. Malaysia).
- Paphiopedilum callosum var. callosum (Indo-China). Hemicr.
- Paphiopedilum callosum var. potentianum (Thailand). Hemicr.
- Paphiopedilum callosum var. warnerianum (Pen. Thailand to NW. Pen. Malaysia). Hemicr.
- Paphiopedilum charlesworthii (N. Myanmar to China - YunNan).
- Paphiopedilum ciliolare (Philippines).
- Paphiopedilum concolor (China - YunNan, Guizhou, Guangxi to Indo-China).
- Paphiopedilum dayanum (Borneo).
- Paphiopedilum delenatii (SE. Viet Nam)
- Paphiopedilum delenatii f. albinum (SE. Viet Nam) (synonym of Paphiopedilum delenatii Guillaumin)
- Paphiopedilum delicatum (Viet Nam) (synonym of Paphiopedilum helenae Aver.)
- Paphiopedilum densissimum (China - S. YunNan) (synonym of Paphiopedilum villosum var. villosum)
- Paphiopedilum dianthum (China - SE. YunNan, SW. Guizhou, W. Guangxi).
- Paphiopedilum dixlerianum (Mynamar)
- Paphiopedilum druryi (S. India).
- Paphiopedilum emersonii (China - SE. YunNan, S. Guizhou, Guangxi).
- Paphiopedilum emersonii f. luteum (China - SE. YunNan)
- Paphiopedilum exul (Pen. Thailand).
- Paphiopedilum fairrieanum (E. Himalaya to Assam).
- Paphiopedilum fowliei (Philippines - Palawan).
- Paphiopedilum gigantifolium (SC. Sulawesi).
- Paphiopedilum glanduliferum (NW. New Guinea).
- Paphiopedilum glaucophyllum (E. Java).
- Paphiopedilum glaucophyllum var. glaucophyllum (E. Java).
- Paphiopedilum glaucophyllum var. moquetteanum (SW. Java).
- Paphiopedilum godefroyae (Pen. Thailand).
- Paphiopedilum gratrixianum (Laos to Viet Nam).
- Paphiopedilum hangianum (China - YunNan to Viet Nam).
- Paphiopedilum hangianum f. album (Viet Nam) (synonym of Paphiopedilum hangianum Perner & O.Gruss)
- Paphiopedilum haynaldianum (Philippines - Luzon, Negros).
- Paphiopedilum helenae (N. Vietnam - Cao Bang Prov).
- Paphiopedilum hennisianum (C. Philippines).
- Paphiopedilum henryanum (China - SE. YunNan, Guangxi to N. Vietnam).
- Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum (Assam to S. China).
- Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum var. chiwuanum (China - YunNan
- Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum var. esquirolei (China - YunNan, Guizhou, Guangxi to N. & E. Indo-China).
- Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum var. hirsutissimum (Assam to Myanmar).
- Paphiopedilum hookerae (Borneo).
- Paphiopedilum hookerae var. hookerae (Borneo - Sarawak, W. Kalimantan).
- Paphiopedilum hookerae var. volonteanum (Borneo - Sabah).
- Paphiopedilum insigne (Assam - Meghalaya).
- Paphiopedilum intaniae (Sulawesi).
- Paphiopedilum jackii (China - SE. YunNan to N. Viet Nam) (synonym of Paphiopedilum malipoense var. jackii (H.S.Hua) Aver.)
- Paphiopedilum javanicum (Sumatra to Lesser Sunda Is.)
- Paphiopedilum javanicum]] var. javanicum (Sumatra to Lesser Sunda Is.) Hemicr.
- Paphiopedilum javanicum]] var. virens (Borneo - Sabah to N. Sarawak). Hemicr.
- Paphiopedilum kolopakingii (Borneo - C. Kalimantan).
- Paphiopedilum lawrenceanum (Borneo - Sarawak, Sabah).
- Paphiopedilum liemianum (N. Sumatra).
- Paphiopedilum lowii (W. & C. Malesia).
- Paphiopedilum lowii var. lowii (W. & C. Malaysia).
- Paphiopedilum lowii var. lynniae (Borneo). Hemicr.
- Paphiopedilum lowii var. richardianum (Sulawesi).
- Paphiopedilum malipoense : Jade Slipper Orchid (S. China to N. Viet Nam).
- Paphiopedilum malipoense var. angustatum (China - YunNan).
- Paphiopedilum malipoense var. jackii (H.S.Hua) Aver. (SE Yunnan to N. Vietnam)
- Paphiopedilum malipoense var. malipoense (China - SE. YunNan, SW. Guizhou, SW. Guangxi to N. Viet Nam).
- Paphiopedilum malipoense f. concolor (China - YunNan).
- Paphiopedilum malipoense f. tonnianum (China - YunNan) (synonym of Paphiopedilum malipoense var. malipoense)
- Paphiopedilum malipoense f. virescens (China - YunNan) (synonym of Paphiopedilum malipoense var. malipoense)
- Paphiopedilum mastersianum (Lesser Sunda Is. to Maluku).
- Paphiopedilum mastersianum var. mastersianum (Maluku - Ambon, Buru).
- Paphiopedilum mastersianum var. mohrianum (Lesser Sunda Is. (Flores).
- Paphiopedilum micranthum : Hard-leaved Pocket Orchid, Silver Slipper Orchid (China - SE. YunNan, W. & N. Guangxi, W. Guizhou to N. Viet Nam).
- Paphiopedilum niveum (Pen. Thailand to N. Pen. Malaysia).
- Paphiopedilum ooii (Borneo).
- Paphiopedilum papuanum (New Guinea).
- Paphiopedilum parishii (Assam to China - W. YunNan).
- Paphiopedilum philippinense (Philippines to N. Borneo).
- Paphiopedilum philippinense var. philippinense (Philippines to N. Borneo).
- Paphiopedilum philippinense var. roebelenii (Philippines - Luzon).
- Paphiopedilum primulinum (Sumatea - S. Aceh).
- Paphiopedilum primulinum var. primulinum (Sumatra - S. Aceh).
- Paphiopedilum primulinum var. purpurascens (Sumatra -S. Aceh).
- Paphiopedilum purpuratum (S.China to Hainan).
- Paphiopedilum purpuratum var. hainanense (Hainan).
- Paphiopedilum purpuratum var. purpuratum (China - YunNan, Hong Kong, Guangdong).
- Paphiopedilum randsii (Philippines - N. Mindanao).
- Paphiopedilum rhizomatosum (Myanmar).
- Paphiopedilum rothschildianum : King of the Paphs (Borneo - Mt. Kinabalu).
- Paphiopedilum saccopetalum (China - SE. Guanxi).
- Paphiopedilum sanderianum (NW. Borneo - Gunung Mulu).
- Paphiopedilum sangii (N. Sulawesi).
- Paphiopedilum schoseri (Sulawesi to Maluku).
- Paphiopedilum singchii (China - S. YunNan) (synonym of Paphiopedilum hangianum Perner & O.Gruss)
- Paphiopedilum smaragdinum (South and Central China, YunNan) (now a synonym of Paphiopedilum tigrinum f. smaragdinum (Z.J.Liu & S.C.Chen) O.Gruss (2005).
- Paphiopedilum spicerianum (Bhutan to NW. Myanmar).
- Paphiopedilum spicerianum f. immaculatum (India) (synonym of Paphiopedilum spicerianum (Rchb.f.) Pfitzer)
- Paphiopedilum stonei (Borneo - Sarawak).
- Paphiopedilum stonei var. platyphyllum (Borneo - Sarawak).
- Paphiopedilum stonei var. stonei (Borneo - S. Sarawak)
- Paphiopedilum sugiyamanum (Borneo - Sabah).
- Paphiopedilum sukhakulii (NE. Thailand).
- Paphiopedilum supardii (Borneo - SE. Kalimantan).
- Paphiopedilum superbiens (N. & W. Sumatra).
- Paphiopedilum thaianum (Thailand).
- Paphiopedilum tigrinum Koop. & N.Haseg. (China - W. YunNan).
- Paphiopedilum tigrinum f. smaragdinum (Z.J.Liu & S.C.Chen) O.Gruss (2005).
- Paphiopedilum tonsum (N. & W. Sumatra).
- Paphiopediltum tonsum f. alboviride (Sumatra) (synonym of Paphiopedilum tonsum (Rchb.f.) Stein)
- Paphiopedilum tranlienianum (Viet Nam).
- Paphiopedilum tranlienianum f. alboviride (Viet Nam)
- Paphiopedilum urbanianum (Philippines - Mindoro).
- Paphiopedilum urbanianum f. alboviride (Philippines) (synonym of Paphiopedilum urbanianum Fowlie)
- Paphiopedilum usitanum (Philippines).
- Paphiopedilum vejvarutianum (Thailand - Kanchanaburi)
- Paphiopedilum venustum (E. Nepal to NE. Bangladesh).
- Paphiopedilum victoria-mariae (W. Sumatra).
- Paphiopedilum victoria-regina (W. Sumatra).
- Paphiopedilum vietnamense (Viet Nam).
- Paphiopedilum villosum (Assam to S. China).
- Paphiopedilum villosum var. annamense (China - YunNan, Guangxi to Indo-China).
- Paphiopedilum villosum var. boxallii (Myanmar).
- Paphiopedilum villosum var. villosum (Assam to Thailand)
- Paphiopedilum viniferum (Burma) (synonym of Paphiopedilum callosum var. callosum)
- Paphiopedilum violascens (N. & E. New Guinea, Bismarck Arch. - Manus I.).
- Paphiopedilum wardii : Rainbow Orchid (China - SW. YunNan to Myanmar).
- Paphiopedilum wardii var. teestaensis (China - SW. YunNan).
- Paphiopedilum wardii f. alboviride (China - SW. YunNan) (synonym of Paphiopedilum wardii Summerh.)
- Paphiopedilum wentworthianum (Solomon Is.).
- Paphiopedilum wilhelminae (C. New Guinea).
Natural Hybrids
- Paphiopedilum × affine ( P. appletonianum × P. villosum). (Viet Nam).
- Paphiopedilum × areeanum(P. barbigerum × P. villosum var. annamense) (China - SE. YunNan).
- Paphiopedilum × burbidgei (P. dayanum × P. javanicum var. virens) (Borneo).
- Paphiopedilum × dalatense (P. callosum × P. villosum var. annamense) (Viet Nam).
- Paphiopedilum × dixlerianum (P. callosum × P. wardii) (Myanmar).
- Paphiopedilum × expansum ( P. hennisianum × P. philippinense) (Philippines).
- Paphiopedilum × fanaticum (P. malipoense × P. micranthum) (S. China).
- Paphiopedilum × frankeanum (P. superbiens × P. tonsum) (Sumatra). 42 SUM.
- Paphiopedilum × grussianum (P. dianthum × P. hirsutissimum var. esquirolei) (China - Guangxi).
- Paphiopedilum × herrmannii (Vietnam) (P. helenae × P. hirsutissimum var. esquirolei)
- Paphiopedilum × kimballianum (P. dayanum × P. rothschildianum) (Borneo -Mt. Kinabalu).
- Paphiopedilum × littleanum (P. dayanum × P. lawrenceanum) (Borneo).
- Paphiopedilum × mattesii (P. barbatum × P. bullenianum) (Pen. Malaysia).
- Paphiopedilum × pereirae (P. exul × P. niveum) (Pen. Thailand).
- Paphiopedilum × petchleungianum (P. dianthum × P. villosum) (China - SE. YunNan).
- Paphiopedilum × powellii (P. callosum × P. exul) (Pen. Thailand).
- Paphiopedilum × pradhanii (P. fairrieanum × P. venustum) (E. Himalaya)
- Paphiopedilum × shipwayae (P. dayanum × P. hookerae). (Borneo).
- Paphiopedilum × siamense (P. appletonianum × P. callosum) (Thailand).
- Paphiopedilum × spicerovenustum (P. spiceranum × P. venustum) (Assam).
- Paphiopedilum × venustoinsigne (P. insigne × P. venustum) (Assam).
- Paphiopedilum × vietenryanum (P. gratrixianum × P. henryanum) (China – YunNan).
References
- Braem, G. J., Charles O. Baker, Margaret L. Baker. The Genus Paphiopedilum: Natural History and Cultivation, Vol. 1. Kissimmee, Florida: Botanical Publishers, Inc., 1998.
- Leroy-Terquem, Gerald and Jean Parisot. Orchids: Care and Cultivation. London: Cassel Publishers Ltd., 1991.
- Pridgeon, A.M.; Cribb, P.J.; Chase, M.W. & F. N. Rasmussen (1999): Genera Orchidacearum Vol.1, Oxford U. Press. ISBN 0-19-850513-2
- Schoser, Gustav. Orchid Growing Basics. New York: Sterling Publishing Co., Inc., 1993.
- White, Judy. Taylor’s Guide to Orchids. Frances Tenenbaum, Series Editor. New York: Houghton-Mifflin, 1996.
External links
Paphiopedilum molecular characterization data
