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Spondias (view source)

Revision as of 00:35, 18 July 2009

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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
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| name = ''Spondias''
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| common_names =    <!--- if multiple, list all, if none, leave blank -->
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| growth_habit = ?  <!--- tree, shrub, herbaceous, vine, etc -->
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| high = ?  <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
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| wide =    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
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| origin = ?  <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
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| poisonous =    <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
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| lifespan =    <!--- perennial, annual, etc -->
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| exposure = ?  <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
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| water = ?  <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
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| features =    <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
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| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
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| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
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| usda_zones = ?  <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
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| sunset_zones =    <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
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| color = IndianRed
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| image = Spondias dulcis.jpg
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| image_width = 240px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
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| image_caption = Spondia dulcis
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| regnum = Plantae
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| divisio = Magnoliophyta
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| classis = Magnoliopsida
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| ordo = Sapindales
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| familia = Anacardiaceae
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| genus = Spondias
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}}
 
{{Inc|
 
{{Inc|
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[[Image:Spondias dulcis3.jpg|200px|thumb|left|''Spondias dulcis'', fruit, section and seed]]
 
Spondias (from a Greek word used by Theophrastus). Anacardiaceae. A small genus of tropical trees, allied to the mango (Mangifera indica) and the cashew (Anacardium occidentale), cultivated for their fruits and often used for hedges because of the readiness with which large branches, when cut and used as posts, take root and grow.
 
Spondias (from a Greek word used by Theophrastus). Anacardiaceae. A small genus of tropical trees, allied to the mango (Mangifera indica) and the cashew (Anacardium occidentale), cultivated for their fruits and often used for hedges because of the readiness with which large branches, when cut and used as posts, take root and grow.
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This genus is of very simple culture. All the species are easily propagated by cuttings of large wood, which may be set in permanent locations immediately upon removal from the parent tree. Seeds can easily be grown in flats of light soil, covering them to the depth of an inch. They usually germinate within four to six weeks. Most of the species seem adapted to a variety of soils. They can readily be inarched, but this is not often practised in this country because of the ease with which cuttings can be grown. Improvement of all the species should be carried on by means of selection.
 
This genus is of very simple culture. All the species are easily propagated by cuttings of large wood, which may be set in permanent locations immediately upon removal from the parent tree. Seeds can easily be grown in flats of light soil, covering them to the depth of an inch. They usually germinate within four to six weeks. Most of the species seem adapted to a variety of soils. They can readily be inarched, but this is not often practised in this country because of the ease with which cuttings can be grown. Improvement of all the species should be carried on by means of selection.
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{{SCH}}
 
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}}
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{{Taxobox
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==Cultivation==
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| color = lightgreen
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{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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| name = ''Spondias''
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| image = Spondias dulcis.jpg
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| image_width = 240px
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| image_caption = ''Spondia dulcis''
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
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| classis = [[Dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]]
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| ordo = [[Sapindales]]
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| familia = [[Anacardiaceae]]
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| genus = '''''Spondias'''''
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| genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
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| subdivision_ranks = Species
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| subdivision = See text
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}}
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'''''Spondias''''' is a genus of [[flowering plant]]s of the family [[Anacardiaceae]]. The genus consists of 17 described species, 7 of which are native to the [[Neotropics]] and about 10 are native to tropical [[Asia]].
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===Propagation===
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{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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[[Image:Spondias dulcis3.jpg|200px|thumb|left|''Spondias dulcis'', fruit, section and seed]]
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===Pests and diseases===
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They are [[deciduous]] or [[evergreen|semi-evergreen]] [[tree]]s growing to 25 m tall. The [[leaf|leaves]] are spirally arranged, pinnate, rarely bipinnate or simple. The [[fruit]] is a [[drupe]] similar to a small [[mango]] (in the related genus ''Mangifera''), 4-10 cm long, ripening yellow or orange.
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{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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About 10 species of ''Spondias'' bear edible fruits and have been domesticated for fruit production. The fruit has a single [[seed]]. <br clear = left>
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The name of the city of [[Bangkok]], [[Thailand]] is believed to derive from ''makok'' (มะกอก), the [[Thai language|Thai]] name for the fruit of ''[[Spondias mombin]]''.
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;Selected species
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==Species==
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;Selected species{{wp}}
 
*''[[Tahitian apple|Spondias dulcis]]'' Tahitian apple
 
*''[[Tahitian apple|Spondias dulcis]]'' Tahitian apple
 
*''[[Spondias haplophylla]]''
 
*''[[Spondias haplophylla]]''
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*''[[Spondias tuberosa]]'' - umbú
 
*''[[Spondias tuberosa]]'' - umbú
 
*''[[Spondias venulosa]]''
 
*''[[Spondias venulosa]]''
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==Gallery==
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{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->
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<gallery>
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
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</gallery>
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==References==
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
    
==External links==
 
==External links==
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*[http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?11429 Germplasm Resources Information Network: ''Spondias'']
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*{{wplink}}
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*[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=3&taxon_id=131065 Flora of China: list of ''Spondias'' species in China]
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[[Category:Sapindales]]
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Thai cuisine]]
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[[Category:Categorize]]
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[[Category:Vietnamese cuisine]]
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{{fruit-stub}}
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{{Sapindales-stub}}
 
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