Difference between revisions of "Leach orchid"

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:''For the bee genus '''Stelis''', see [[Stelis (bee)]]''.
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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
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| name = ''Stelis''
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{{Taxobox
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| common_names = Leach orchid
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| color = lightgreen
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| growth_habit = herbaceous
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| name = Leach orchid
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| high = ?  <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
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| wide =    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
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| origin = ?  <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
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| poisonous =    <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
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| lifespan = perennial
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| exposure = ?  <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
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| water = ?  <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
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| features =    <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
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| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
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| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
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| usda_zones = ?  <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
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| sunset_zones =     <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
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| color = IndianRed
 
| image = Stelis argentata.jpg
 
| image = Stelis argentata.jpg
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| image_width = 250px
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| image_width = 240px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
 
| image_caption = Silvery stelis (''[[Stelis argentata]]'')
 
| image_caption = Silvery stelis (''[[Stelis argentata]]'')
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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| regnum = Plantae
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| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
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| divisio = Magnoliophyta
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| classis = [[Monocotyledon|Liliopsida]]
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| classis = Liliopsida
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| ordo = [[Asparagales]]
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| ordo = Asparagales
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| familia = [[Orchidaceae]]
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| familia = Orchidaceae
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| subfamilia = [[Epidendroideae]]
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| subfamilia = Epidendroideae
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| tribus = [[Epidendreae]]
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| tribus = Epidendreae
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| subtribus = [[Pleurothallidinae]]
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| subtribus = Pleurothallidinae
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| genus = '''''Stelis'''''
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| genus = Stelis
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| genus_authority = [[Olof Swartz|Sw.]], 1799
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}}
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| subdivision_ranks = Species
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{{Inc|
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| subdivision =
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[[Image:Jndianisch Mispel.jpg|thumb|right|150px|'Indian mistletoe', first depiction of a ''Stelis'' orchid <br /> Herbal Book of Johannes Theodorus Tabernaemontanus]]
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See text.
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Stelis (an old Greek name used by Theophrastus for some parasitical plant). Orchidaceae. Epiphytic herbs, some of them adapted to the warmhouse and others to the intermediate house: sts. cespitose or creeping, with simple branches 1-lvd. at the tip and frequently 1-3-sheathed below the lf., not pseudobulbous: lvs. leathery, often contracted at the base to the petiole which is frequently concave or channeled and sometimes articulate near the base: fls. small to minute, short-pedicelled in an elongated raceme at the base of the terminal lf., secund, rarely somewhat distichous; bracts alternate, various; sepals frequently subequal, broad or triangular, spreading, more or less connate; petals much shorter, broad, the margins thickened; labellum sessile at the base of the column, equal and similar to the petals or narrower and sometimes shortly 3-lobed; column equaling or shorter than the labellum; pollinia 2: caps. small, ovoid or oblong, not beaked, often 3-edged.—About 500 species, Mex. and W. Indies southward to Brazil and Peru. Treatment the same as for [[Pleurothallis]].
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{{SCH}}
 
}}
 
}}
  
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'''Leach orchids''' ([[genus]] '''''Stelis''''') is a large group of [[orchid]]s, with perhaps 500 [[species]]. The generic name ''Stelis'' is the [[Greek (language)|Greek]] word for '[[mistletoe]]', referring to the [[epiphyte|epiphytic]] habit of these species.
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==Cultivation==
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{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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Many of the older species were named by [[John Lindley|Lindley]], Ruiz & Pavon and [[Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach|Reichenbach]], while many of the recent species were named by [[Dr. C. Luer]]. An orchid of the genus ''Stelis'' was probably the first [[United States|America]]n orchid ever to be brought to [[Europe]]. An [[herbarium]] specimen was depicted in 1591 in Tabernaemontanus' herbal book. These mainly [[epiphyte|epiphytic]] (rarely [[lithophyte|lithophytic]] [[plant]]s are distributed throughout damp mountain forests in tropical [[North America|North]] and [[Central America]].
 
  
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[[Image:Jndianisch Mispel.jpg|thumb|right|250px|'Indian mistletoe', first depiction of a ''Stelis'' orchid <br /> Herbal Book of Johannes Theodorus Tabernaemontanus]]
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===Propagation===
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==Description==
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{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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A single oblanceolate [[leaf]] develops from narrow, leathery outgrowths from a creeping [[Plant stem|stem]].
 
  
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Most species grow long, dense [[raceme]]s of small to minute flowers in diverse shades of white. Other colors are rare. These flowers are photosensitive, only opening in the sunlight. Some close completely at night.
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===Pests and diseases===
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{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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The three symmetrically rounded [[sepal]]s generally form a  triangle with a small central structure, made up of the [[column (botany)|column]], small [[petals]] and small [[labellum|lip]], though slight variation to this theme does occour.
 
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This genus is not common in cultivation.
 
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==Taxonomy==
 
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[[Cladistic]] research (by A. Pridgeon, R. Solano and M. Chase) has shown that the genus ''Stelis'' is [[monophyletic]]. But the distinction with several ''[[Pleurothallis]]'' subgenera is blurred (see Reference).
 
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They are closely related to the massive genus ''[[Pleurothallis]]'' and ''[[Masdevallia]]''. Although vegetatively the species show much variety, the [[flower]]s show a basic uniformity and are very similar throughout. '''''Apatostelis''''' <small>[[Garay]]</small>, '''''Dialissa''''' <small>[[John Lindley|Lindl.]]</small>, '''''Humboldtia''''' <small>[[Ruiz]] & [[Pav.]]</small> and '''''Steliopsis''''' <small>[[Brieger]]</small> are generally included into ''Stelis''.
 
  
 
==Species==
 
==Species==
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Here are some species and their common names:
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Here are some species and their common names{{wp}}:
 
*''[[Stellis alata]]'' Lindl. : Winged ''Stelis''.
 
*''[[Stellis alata]]'' Lindl. : Winged ''Stelis''.
 
*''[[Stellis argentata]]'' Lindl. : Silvery ''Stelis''
 
*''[[Stellis argentata]]'' Lindl. : Silvery ''Stelis''
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*''[[Stellis wettsteiniana]]'' : Wettstein's ''Stelis''
 
*''[[Stellis wettsteiniana]]'' : Wettstein's ''Stelis''
  
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Other species include:
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Other species include{{wp}}:
 
*''[[Stellis abrupta]]'' Rchb.f. 1877 (Colombia).
 
*''[[Stellis abrupta]]'' Rchb.f. 1877 (Colombia).
 
*''[[Stellis acaroi]]'' Luer & Hirtz 2004 (Ecuador)
 
*''[[Stellis acaroi]]'' Luer & Hirtz 2004 (Ecuador)
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*''[[Stellis zelenkoi]]'' Luer & Hirtz 2002 (Ecuador).
 
*''[[Stellis zelenkoi]]'' Luer & Hirtz 2002 (Ecuador).
 
*''[[Stellis zigzag]]'' Luer & Hirtz 2004 (Ecuador)
 
*''[[Stellis zigzag]]'' Luer & Hirtz 2004 (Ecuador)
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{{Inc|
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*S. barbata, Rolfe, is a species differing from S. Endresii in having long-bearded sepals and a tridenticulate lip: its fls. are greenish ochre-yellow with purple hairs and red-purple blotches. Costa Rica.{{SCH}}
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*S. Binotii, Wildem., grows about 2 in. high: lvs. thick, 2-3 in. long, deeply channeled above: racemes 1-3, many-fld.: fls. green, not spotted: sepals membranaceous: petals concave, very short: lip hooded, about as long as the petals. Brazil. {{SCH}}
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*S.Bruchmuelleri, Reichb. f., has lvs. 1 1/2 - 2 in. long: fls. yellowish purple outside, pale purple within, disposed at intervals along the rachis; sepals broadly ovate, acute, spreading, hairy within: petals and lip minute, the latter undivided. Mex. (?). B.M. 6521.{{SCH}}
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*S. canaliculata, Reichb. f., is about 8 in. high, has cuneate-oblong, obtuse, thick lvs. which are plainly channeled in the middle: fls. dull yellowish green, very small, secund in dense racemes; bracts and rachis whitish. Colombia.{{SCH}}
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*S. ciliaris, Lindl. (S. atropurpurea, Hook.), grows about 6 in. high: lvs. broadly oblong, narrowed at base: spike naked half way then closely fld.: fls. deep purple; sepals ovate, long-fringed; petals compressed-rhomboid, fleshy; lip ovate, fleshy, channeled at base. Mex. B.B. 3975.{{SCH}}
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*S. dolichopus, Schlechter, has sts. about 6 in. high: lvs. rather thick, oblong-ligulate, up to nearly 4 in. long: raceme only 1 1/4 – 1 3/4 in. long: fls. pale yellow. Probably Colombia.{{SCH}}
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*S. Endresii, Reichb. f., has lvs. cuneate, oblong-ligulate, obtuse, emarginate and apiculate, thick: raceme distichous: fls. greenish white: sepals coalescing toward the base: lip fleshy, transversely subrhomboid, excavated. Costa Rica.{{SCH}}
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*S. glossula, Reichb. f., is densely tufted: lvs. cuneate, oblong-ligulate, minutely bilobed with a small tooth at apex: fls. brownish, in 2 transverse rows; the upper sepal having a longer extent than the whole of the other floral organs together; lip fleshy, papilli-form. Costa Rica.{{SCH}}
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*S. grandiflora, Lindl., has sts. 3 in. high: lvs. oblong, petiolate, emarginate, 4 1/2 x 1 in.: spike dense; spathe large, acuminate: fls. chocolate-colored, large for the genus: sepals equal, obtuse; petals ovate; lip ovate, concave, emarginate. Brazil.{{SCH}}
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*S. grossilabris, Reichb. f. Plant tufted: lvs. cuneate, spatulate, obtuse: racemes shorter than the lvs.: fls. light greenish, small; lip thick and fleshy. Hab.(?).{{SCH}}
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*S. Hennisiana, Schlechter, has slender sts. up to 2 1/2 in. long, 1-lvd.: lvs. lanceolate-ligulate, about 3 in. long, petiole 1 1/4 in. long: racemes slender, 1-sided, many-fld., usually slightly longer than the lvs.: fls. dark purple-red. Colombia. {{SCH}}
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*S. macroglossa, Hort., is offered in the trade.{{SCH}}
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*S. micrantha, Swartz, grows 3-6 in. high: lvs. lanceolate-oblong, rather blunt, 1-2 1/2 in. long: raceme slender, spike-like: fls. whitish, red within, nodding, l-sided-distichous; sepals deltoid; petals and lip truncate. Jamaica.{{SCH}}
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*S. ophioglossoides, Swartz, has the st. shorter than the lvs., which are 2 1/2- 6 in. long, oblong-linear, rather blunt, long-tapering at the base: raceme slender, 1-sided, pedunculate: fls. greenish, with a tinge of purple, minute. W. Indies.{{SCH}}
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*S. sesquipedalis, Lindl., is about 6 in. high: lvs. broadly oval, shortly petiolate, 1 1/2 - 4 in. long: spike 7-10 in. long: fls. pale yellow, secund, large; sepals roundish ovate, obtuse; petals oblate; lip oblate, hooded. Venezuela.{{SCH}}
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*S. venosa, Hort., said to have 6 lvs., is offered in the trade.{{SCH}}
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*S. zonata, Reichb. f., has a short st.: lvs, very thick, cuneate-oblong, blunt: raceme 1-sided: fls. light ochre; sepals brown at base; petals with a mauve middle zone. Guiana. {{SCH}}
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}}
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==Gallery==
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{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->
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<gallery>
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
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</gallery>
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
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*Dr. C. Luer - Icones Pleurothallidinarum XXIV: A first century of new species of ''Stelis'' of Ecuador. Part 1 (2002); ISBN 1-930723-15-6
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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*Dr. C. Luer - Icones Pleurothallidinarum XXVI: ''Pleurothallis'' subgenus ''Acianthera'' and three allied subgenera; A Second Century of New Species of ''Stelis'' of Ecuador; ''Epibator'', ''Ophidion'', ''Zootrophion'' (2004); ISBN 1-930723-29-2
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<!--- xxxxx *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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*[http://www.amjbot.org/cgi/content/full/88/12/2286 P
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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hylogenetic relationships in Pleurothallidinae].
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
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==External links==
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*{{wplink}}
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Categorize]]
  
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[[Category:Orchid genera]]
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Latest revision as of 20:19, 23 July 2009


Silvery stelis (Stelis argentata)


Plant Characteristics
Lifespan: ⌛ perennial
Origin: ✈ ?
Cultivation
Exposure: ☼ ?"?" is not in the list (sun, part-sun, shade, unknown) of allowed values for the "Exposure" property.
Water: ◍ ?"?" is not in the list (wet, moist, moderate, dry, less when dormant) of allowed values for the "Water" property.
Scientific Names

Orchidaceae >

Stelis >



Read about Leach orchid in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 
'Indian mistletoe', first depiction of a Stelis orchid
Herbal Book of Johannes Theodorus Tabernaemontanus

Stelis (an old Greek name used by Theophrastus for some parasitical plant). Orchidaceae. Epiphytic herbs, some of them adapted to the warmhouse and others to the intermediate house: sts. cespitose or creeping, with simple branches 1-lvd. at the tip and frequently 1-3-sheathed below the lf., not pseudobulbous: lvs. leathery, often contracted at the base to the petiole which is frequently concave or channeled and sometimes articulate near the base: fls. small to minute, short-pedicelled in an elongated raceme at the base of the terminal lf., secund, rarely somewhat distichous; bracts alternate, various; sepals frequently subequal, broad or triangular, spreading, more or less connate; petals much shorter, broad, the margins thickened; labellum sessile at the base of the column, equal and similar to the petals or narrower and sometimes shortly 3-lobed; column equaling or shorter than the labellum; pollinia 2: caps. small, ovoid or oblong, not beaked, often 3-edged.—About 500 species, Mex. and W. Indies southward to Brazil and Peru. Treatment the same as for Pleurothallis. CH


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

Do you have cultivation info on this plant? Edit this section!

Propagation

Do you have propagation info on this plant? Edit this section!

Pests and diseases

Do you have pest and disease info on this plant? Edit this section!

Species

Here are some species and their common nameswp:

Other species includewp:


Read about Leach orchid in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 
  • S. barbata, Rolfe, is a species differing from S. Endresii in having long-bearded sepals and a tridenticulate lip: its fls. are greenish ochre-yellow with purple hairs and red-purple blotches. Costa Rica.CH
  • S. Binotii, Wildem., grows about 2 in. high: lvs. thick, 2-3 in. long, deeply channeled above: racemes 1-3, many-fld.: fls. green, not spotted: sepals membranaceous: petals concave, very short: lip hooded, about as long as the petals. Brazil. CH
  • S.Bruchmuelleri, Reichb. f., has lvs. 1 1/2 - 2 in. long: fls. yellowish purple outside, pale purple within, disposed at intervals along the rachis; sepals broadly ovate, acute, spreading, hairy within: petals and lip minute, the latter undivided. Mex. (?). B.M. 6521.CH
  • S. canaliculata, Reichb. f., is about 8 in. high, has cuneate-oblong, obtuse, thick lvs. which are plainly channeled in the middle: fls. dull yellowish green, very small, secund in dense racemes; bracts and rachis whitish. Colombia.CH
  • S. ciliaris, Lindl. (S. atropurpurea, Hook.), grows about 6 in. high: lvs. broadly oblong, narrowed at base: spike naked half way then closely fld.: fls. deep purple; sepals ovate, long-fringed; petals compressed-rhomboid, fleshy; lip ovate, fleshy, channeled at base. Mex. B.B. 3975.CH
  • S. dolichopus, Schlechter, has sts. about 6 in. high: lvs. rather thick, oblong-ligulate, up to nearly 4 in. long: raceme only 1 1/4 – 1 3/4 in. long: fls. pale yellow. Probably Colombia.CH
  • S. Endresii, Reichb. f., has lvs. cuneate, oblong-ligulate, obtuse, emarginate and apiculate, thick: raceme distichous: fls. greenish white: sepals coalescing toward the base: lip fleshy, transversely subrhomboid, excavated. Costa Rica.CH
  • S. glossula, Reichb. f., is densely tufted: lvs. cuneate, oblong-ligulate, minutely bilobed with a small tooth at apex: fls. brownish, in 2 transverse rows; the upper sepal having a longer extent than the whole of the other floral organs together; lip fleshy, papilli-form. Costa Rica.CH
  • S. grandiflora, Lindl., has sts. 3 in. high: lvs. oblong, petiolate, emarginate, 4 1/2 x 1 in.: spike dense; spathe large, acuminate: fls. chocolate-colored, large for the genus: sepals equal, obtuse; petals ovate; lip ovate, concave, emarginate. Brazil.CH
  • S. grossilabris, Reichb. f. Plant tufted: lvs. cuneate, spatulate, obtuse: racemes shorter than the lvs.: fls. light greenish, small; lip thick and fleshy. Hab.(?).CH
  • S. Hennisiana, Schlechter, has slender sts. up to 2 1/2 in. long, 1-lvd.: lvs. lanceolate-ligulate, about 3 in. long, petiole 1 1/4 in. long: racemes slender, 1-sided, many-fld., usually slightly longer than the lvs.: fls. dark purple-red. Colombia. CH
  • S. macroglossa, Hort., is offered in the trade.CH
  • S. micrantha, Swartz, grows 3-6 in. high: lvs. lanceolate-oblong, rather blunt, 1-2 1/2 in. long: raceme slender, spike-like: fls. whitish, red within, nodding, l-sided-distichous; sepals deltoid; petals and lip truncate. Jamaica.CH
  • S. ophioglossoides, Swartz, has the st. shorter than the lvs., which are 2 1/2- 6 in. long, oblong-linear, rather blunt, long-tapering at the base: raceme slender, 1-sided, pedunculate: fls. greenish, with a tinge of purple, minute. W. Indies.CH
  • S. sesquipedalis, Lindl., is about 6 in. high: lvs. broadly oval, shortly petiolate, 1 1/2 - 4 in. long: spike 7-10 in. long: fls. pale yellow, secund, large; sepals roundish ovate, obtuse; petals oblate; lip oblate, hooded. Venezuela.CH
  • S. venosa, Hort., said to have 6 lvs., is offered in the trade.CH
  • S. zonata, Reichb. f., has a short st.: lvs, very thick, cuneate-oblong, blunt: raceme 1-sided: fls. light ochre; sepals brown at base; petals with a mauve middle zone. Guiana. CH


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Gallery

If you have a photo of this plant, please upload it! Plus, there may be other photos available for you to add.

  • photo 1

  • photo 2

  • photo 3

References

External links


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