Difference between revisions of "Forsythia"

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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
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| name = ''LATINNAME''  <!--- replace LATINNAME with the actual latin name -->
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| common_names =    <!--- if multiple, list all, if none, leave blank -->
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| growth_habit = ?  <!--- tree, shrub, herbaceous, vine, etc -->
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| high = ?  <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
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| wide =    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
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| origin = ?  <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
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| poisonous =    <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
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| lifespan =    <!--- perennial, annual, etc -->
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| exposure = ?  <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
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| water = ?  <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
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| features =    <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
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| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
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| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
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| usda_zones = ?  <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
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| sunset_zones =    <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
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| color = IndianRed
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| image = Forsythia close-up 2 cropped.jpg
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| image_width = 240px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
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| image_caption = Forsythia x intermedia
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| regnum = Plantae
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| divisio = Magnoliophyta
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| classis = Magnoliopsida
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| ordo = Lamiales
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| familia = Oleaceae
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| genus = Forsythia
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}}
 
{{Inc|
 
{{Inc|
 
Forsythia (after William Forsyth, prominent English horticulturist, director of the Royal Garden at Kensington, 1737-1804). Oleaceae. Golden- Bell. Shrubs grown for their wealth of bright yellow flowers appearing early in spring, also for their handsome dark green foliage.
 
Forsythia (after William Forsyth, prominent English horticulturist, director of the Royal Garden at Kensington, 1737-1804). Oleaceae. Golden- Bell. Shrubs grown for their wealth of bright yellow flowers appearing early in spring, also for their handsome dark green foliage.
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F. giraldiana, Lingelah. Upright shrub: lvs. elliptic to oblong, long-acuminate, broadly cuneate at the base, entire or serrulate, glabrous or hairy on the veins beneath, 2-5 in. long: fls. short-stalked: caps, ovoid with a long and slender beak. N. W. China.
 
F. giraldiana, Lingelah. Upright shrub: lvs. elliptic to oblong, long-acuminate, broadly cuneate at the base, entire or serrulate, glabrous or hairy on the veins beneath, 2-5 in. long: fls. short-stalked: caps, ovoid with a long and slender beak. N. W. China.
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{{SCH}}
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Alfred Rehder.
 
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}}
 
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{{otheruses}}
 
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{{Taxobox
 
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| color = lightgreen
 
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| name = Forsythia
 
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| image = Forsythia close-up 2 cropped.jpg
 
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| image_width = 240px
 
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| image_caption = ''Forsythia x intermedia''
 
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
 
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| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
 
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| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
 
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| ordo = [[Lamiales]]
 
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| familia = [[Oleaceae]]
 
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| genus = '''''Forsythia'''''
 
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| genus_authority = [[Martin Vahl|Vahl]]
 
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| subdivision_ranks = Species
 
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| subdivision =
 
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See text.
 
 
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'''Forsythia''' is both the common name and botanical name of a [[plant]] genus belonging to the [[Oleaceae]] (Olive family). It is named after [[William Forsyth]], and comprises six species of [[deciduous]] [[shrub]]s to 3-6 m tall, mostly native to [[Asia]], but one native to southeastern [[Europe]].
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==Cultivation==
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{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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The [[leaf|leaves]] are opposite, usually simple but sometimes trifoliate with a basal pair of small leaflets, and range from 4-12 cm long; the margin is serrated. The [[flower]]s are produced in the early spring before the leaves, bright yellow with four petals. The [[fruit]] is a dry capsule, containing several winged [[seed]]s.
 
  
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Forsythias are used as food plants by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] species including [[Brown-tail]] and [[Gothic (moth)|The Gothic]].
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===Propagation===
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{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
  
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===Pests and diseases===
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{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
  
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The species are:
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==Species==
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The 6 species are{{wp}}:
 
*''[[Forsythia europaea]]'', from the [[Balkans]]
 
*''[[Forsythia europaea]]'', from the [[Balkans]]
 
*''[[Forsythia giraldiana]]'', from northwest [[China]]
 
*''[[Forsythia giraldiana]]'', from northwest [[China]]
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The [[hybrid]]s ''Forsythia × intermedia'' (''F. suspensa'' × ''F. viridissima'') and ''Forsythia × variabilis'' (''F. ovata'' × ''F. suspensa'') have been produced in cultivation.
 
The [[hybrid]]s ''Forsythia × intermedia'' (''F. suspensa'' × ''F. viridissima'') and ''Forsythia × variabilis'' (''F. ovata'' × ''F. suspensa'') have been produced in cultivation.
  
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===Cultivation and uses===
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==Gallery==
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Forsythias are popular early spring flowering shrubs in [[garden]]s and [[park]]s. Two are commonly cultivated for ornament, ''Forsythia × intermedia'' and ''Forsythia suspensa''. They are both spring flowering shrubs, with yellow flowers. They are grown and prized for being tough, reliable garden plants. ''Forsythia × intermedia'' is the more commonly grown, is smaller, has an upright habit, and produces strongly coloured flowers. ''Forsythia suspensa'' is a large to very large shrub, can be grown as a weeping shrub on banks, and has paler flowers. Many named garden [[cultivar]]s can also be found.
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{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery -->
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Commercial [[plant propagation|propagation]] is usually by [[cuttings]], taken from green wood after flowering in late spring to early summer; alternatively, cuttings may be taken between November and February.
 
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''F. suspensa'' (Chinese: [[wikt:连|连]][[wikt:翘|翘]]; pinyin: liánqiào) is considered one of the 50 fundamental herbs in [[Chinese herbology]]. Forsythia sticks are used to bow a Korean string instrument called ''[[ajaeng]]''.
 
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Forsythia sometimes planted in the [[median strip]]s of divided highways to block headlamp glare and to beautify the highways while in bloom.  The plant requires little attention and can grow to sizable proportions capable of stopping small vehicles which run off the road.
 
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===Gallery===
 
  
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
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Image:Forsythia 50years.jpg|A 50-year old Forsythia shrub in [[Maryland]]<!--attribution required: see image description page at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/image:Forsythia 50years.jpg-->  
 
Image:Forsythia 50years.jpg|A 50-year old Forsythia shrub in [[Maryland]]<!--attribution required: see image description page at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/image:Forsythia 50years.jpg-->  
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
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==References==
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
  
 
==External links==
 
==External links==
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{{Commons|Forsythia}}
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*{{wplink}}
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*[http://www.bbc.co.uk/gardening/basics/techniques/propagation_takesummercuttings.shtml BBC - summer cuttings]
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*[http://www.bbc.co.uk/gardening/plants/plant_finder/plant_pages/3306.shtml BBC - Forsythia page]
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{{stub}}
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*[http://www.rhs.org.uk/WhatsOn/gardens/wisley/archive/wisleypom03mar.asp Royal Horticultural Society]
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[[Category:Categorize]]
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*[http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/species/frame/fovi.htm ''Forsythia viridissima'' images at bioimages.vanderbilt.edu]
 
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*[http://landscaping.about.com/cs/shrubsbushes/p/forsythia.htm Forsythia Shrubs]
 
  
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[[Category:Medicinal plants]]
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[[Category:Oleaceae]]
 

Revision as of 19:07, 17 August 2009


Forsythia x intermedia


Plant Characteristics
Origin: ✈ ?
Cultivation
Exposure: ☼ ?"?" is not in the list (sun, part-sun, shade, unknown) of allowed values for the "Exposure" property.
Water: ◍ ?"?" is not in the list (wet, moist, moderate, dry, less when dormant) of allowed values for the "Water" property.
Scientific Names

Oleaceae >

Forsythia >



Read about Forsythia in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Forsythia (after William Forsyth, prominent English horticulturist, director of the Royal Garden at Kensington, 1737-1804). Oleaceae. Golden- Bell. Shrubs grown for their wealth of bright yellow flowers appearing early in spring, also for their handsome dark green foliage.

Deciduous: lvs. opposite, petioled, serrate or entire, simple or partly 3-parted to 3-foliolate: fls. 1-6, axillary, pedicelled, heterostylous; calyx and corolla deeply 4-lobed, lobes of the corolla oblong, longer than the campanulate tube; stamens 2, included, inserted at the base of the corolla; ovary superior; style slender with 2-lobed stigma: fr. a 2- celled, dehiscent caps, with many winged seeds.— Four species in China, Japan and S. E. Eu.

The golden-bells are highly ornamental, free-flowering shrubs, with simple or ternate leaves and showy yellow flowers, borne in great profusion along the slender branches in early spring before the leaves. They belong to the showiest early - flowering shrubs, and showy yellow flowers, borne in great profusion along the slender branches in early spring before the leaves. They belong to the showiest early-flowering shrubs, and have handsome, clean foliage, remarkably free from insects or fungi, remaining unchanged until late in fall. The upright forms are well adapted for the borders of shrubberies and the pendulous form for covering walls, fences, arbors or porches. They grow in almost any kind of garden soil, and are hardy North except F. viridissima, which is somewhat tenderer. Propagation is readily by greenwood and hardwood cuttings; also by seeds. The branches of the pendulous form often take root at the tips when touching the ground, and send forth vigorous shoots, like some brambles or the walking-fern.

F. giraldiana, Lingelah. Upright shrub: lvs. elliptic to oblong, long-acuminate, broadly cuneate at the base, entire or serrulate, glabrous or hairy on the veins beneath, 2-5 in. long: fls. short-stalked: caps, ovoid with a long and slender beak. N. W. China. CH


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

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Propagation

Do you have propagation info on this plant? Edit this section!

Pests and diseases

Do you have pest and disease info on this plant? Edit this section!

Species

The 6 species arewp:

The hybrids Forsythia × intermedia (F. suspensa × F. viridissima) and Forsythia × variabilis (F. ovata × F. suspensa) have been produced in cultivation.

Gallery

If you have a photo of this plant, please upload it! Plus, there may be other photos available for you to add.

  • A Forsythia shrub

  • Forsythia × intermedia flowers and young leaves

  • Forsythia flowers

  • A Forsythia flower

  • A 50-year old Forsythia shrub in Maryland

References

External links


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