Difference between revisions of "Phyllanthus"
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| − | | latin_name = '' | + | | latin_name = ''Phyllanthus'' |
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Phyllanthus (Greek for leaf-flower, the flowers of some species being apparently borne on leaves). Euphorbiaceae. Mostly shrubs, some herbs or trees, often cultivated in greenhouses for their graceful or curious foliage; some species have economic uses for which they are cultivated in tropical lands. | Phyllanthus (Greek for leaf-flower, the flowers of some species being apparently borne on leaves). Euphorbiaceae. Mostly shrubs, some herbs or trees, often cultivated in greenhouses for their graceful or curious foliage; some species have economic uses for which they are cultivated in tropical lands. | ||
| − | Leaves small, alternate, entire, usually 2-ranked on the small lateral branches which then resemble pinnate lvs., such as walnut or sumach, and even fall like lvs., leaving conspicuous scars on the main branches; several species have the branches flattened into lf.- like organs | + | Leaves small, alternate, entire, usually 2-ranked on the small lateral branches which then resemble pinnate lvs., such as walnut or sumach, and even fall like lvs., leaving conspicuous scars on the main branches; several species have the branches flattened into lf.- like organs with fls. and rudimentary lvs. on the margins: fls. axillary, apetalous, monoecious or dioecious, in small clusters or singly; sepals 4-6, imbricate; disk present but no rudimentary pistil in the staminate fis.; stamens 2-6 (or more), usually 3; styles slender; ovary 3-celled, 2 ovules in each cell.—About 500 species, mostly in tropical regions. Related to Breynia, Glochidion, and Securinega. Some of the species commonly cult, under the name of Phyllanthus belong more properly to Breynia or Glochidion. The genus has not been thoroughly studied since Mueller monographed it in D.C. Prod. 15, II; 274, where it is divided into 44 sections, some of which, as Emblica. Cicca, Bradleia and Xylophylla, have been considered separate genera. |
| − | with fls. and rudimentary lvs. on the margins: fls. axillary, apetalous, monoecious or dioecious, in small clusters or singly; sepals 4-6, imbricate; disk present but no rudimentary pistil in the staminate fis.; stamens 2-6 (or more), usually 3; styles slender; ovary 3-celled, | ||
| − | 2 ovules in each cell.—About 500 species, mostly in tropical regions. Related to Breynia, Glochidion, and Securinega. Some of the species commonly cult, under the name of Phyllanthus belong more properly to Breynia or Glochidion. The genus has not been thoroughly studied since | ||
| − | Mueller monographed it in D.C. Prod. 15, II; 274, where it is divided into 44 sections, some of which, as Emblica. Cicca, Bradleia and Xylophylla, have been considered separate genera. | ||
| − | Most of the species here included are grown as ornamental shrubs in the greenhouse. P. acidus (P. dis-tichus) is often cultivated, especially in the gardens and lowlands of Jamaica and the West Indies for the fruit which is pickled or made into preserves; it is acid and astringent; | + | Most of the species here included are grown as ornamental shrubs in the greenhouse. P. acidus (P. dis-tichus) is often cultivated, especially in the gardens and lowlands of Jamaica and the West Indies for the fruit which is pickled or made into preserves; it is acid and astringent; the root is an active purgative and the seed is abo cathartic. P. Emblica is also grown in the tropics for the edible fruit. P. nivosus is often used in greenhouses and for bedding out in summer, and in the warmer parts of Florida for permanent hedges. |
| − | the root is an active purgative and the seed is abo cathartic. P. Emblica is also grown in the tropics for the edible fruit. P. nivosus is often used in greenhouses and for bedding out in summer, and in the warmer parts of Florida for permanent hedges. | ||
| − | In general, phyllanthus is propagated from greenwood cuttings from the larger side shoots rooted in sand in the hothouse. They are usually taken in August or before. Some leaves are left on the cutting and the sand is kept just moist but not allowed to dry. The snow-bush grows | + | In general, phyllanthus is propagated from greenwood cuttings from the larger side shoots rooted in sand in the hothouse. They are usually taken in August or before. Some leaves are left on the cutting and the sand is kept just moist but not allowed to dry. The snow-bush grows readily from root cuttings. P. acidus and P. Emblica and some other species are often grown from seeds; the latter is difficult to propagate vegetatively except by layering. |
| − | readily from root cuttings. P. acidus and P. Emblica and some other species are often grown from seeds; the latter is difficult to propagate vegetatively except by layering. | ||
| − | P. acuminatus, Vahl. related to P. distichus. Trop. Amer.— P. caroliniensis, Walt., an infrequent low weed from Pa., eouth.— P. Chantrieri, Andre, related to P. pulcher. Cochin-China | + | P. acuminatus, Vahl. related to P. distichus. Trop. Amer.— P. caroliniensis, Walt., an infrequent low weed from Pa., eouth.— P. Chantrieri, Andre, related to P. pulcher. Cochin-China.—P. epiphyllanthus, Linn., related to P. angustifolius, the flat branches curved.—P. falcatus. Swartz- P. epiphyllanthus.—P. glaucescens, HBK., related to P.pulcher. Trop. |
{{SCH}} | {{SCH}} | ||
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==Species== | ==Species== | ||
| − | + | Selected species{{wp}} | |
| + | *''[[Phyllanthus acidus]]'' - Otaheite gooseberry | ||
| + | *''[[Phyllanthus acuminatus]]'' - Jamaican gooseberry tree | ||
| + | *''[[Phyllanthus caroliniensis]]'' - native to the Americas | ||
| + | *''[[Phyllanthus emblica]]'' - [[Indian gooseberry]], also known as [[amla]] or [[amalaki]]. | ||
| + | *''[[Phyllanthus mirabilis]]'' - the only [[succulent]] species of this genus | ||
| + | *''[[Phyllanthus niruri]]'' - Chanca piedra (Also includes ''P. amarus'' and ''P. debilis'') | ||
| + | *''[[Phyllanthus urinaria]]'' - chamberbitter | ||
| + | *''[[Phyllanthus fluitans]]'' - red root floater, sometimes sold in aquarium shops | ||
| + | For full list, see '''[[List of Phyllanthus species]]'''. | ||
==Gallery== | ==Gallery== | ||
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<gallery> | <gallery> | ||
| − | Image: | + | Image:Phyllanthus acidus2.jpg|''[[Phyllanthus acidus]]''<br>Fruits |
| − | Image: | + | Image:Phyllanthus juglandifolius1.jpg|''[[Phyllanthus juglandifolius]]'' |
| − | Image: | + | Image:Phyllanthus juglandifolius2.jpg|''[[Phyllanthus juglandifolius]]'' |
| + | Image:Quebra-Pedra._Phyllanthus_niruri.JPG|''[[Phyllanthus niruri]]''<br>Leaves | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
Latest revision as of 19:07, 28 August 2009
| Origin: | ✈ | ? |
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| Exposure: | ☼ | ?"?" is not in the list (sun, part-sun, shade, unknown) of allowed values for the "Exposure" property. |
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| Water: | ◍ | ?"?" is not in the list (wet, moist, moderate, dry, less when dormant) of allowed values for the "Water" property. |
Read about Phyllanthus in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture
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Phyllanthus (Greek for leaf-flower, the flowers of some species being apparently borne on leaves). Euphorbiaceae. Mostly shrubs, some herbs or trees, often cultivated in greenhouses for their graceful or curious foliage; some species have economic uses for which they are cultivated in tropical lands. Leaves small, alternate, entire, usually 2-ranked on the small lateral branches which then resemble pinnate lvs., such as walnut or sumach, and even fall like lvs., leaving conspicuous scars on the main branches; several species have the branches flattened into lf.- like organs with fls. and rudimentary lvs. on the margins: fls. axillary, apetalous, monoecious or dioecious, in small clusters or singly; sepals 4-6, imbricate; disk present but no rudimentary pistil in the staminate fis.; stamens 2-6 (or more), usually 3; styles slender; ovary 3-celled, 2 ovules in each cell.—About 500 species, mostly in tropical regions. Related to Breynia, Glochidion, and Securinega. Some of the species commonly cult, under the name of Phyllanthus belong more properly to Breynia or Glochidion. The genus has not been thoroughly studied since Mueller monographed it in D.C. Prod. 15, II; 274, where it is divided into 44 sections, some of which, as Emblica. Cicca, Bradleia and Xylophylla, have been considered separate genera. Most of the species here included are grown as ornamental shrubs in the greenhouse. P. acidus (P. dis-tichus) is often cultivated, especially in the gardens and lowlands of Jamaica and the West Indies for the fruit which is pickled or made into preserves; it is acid and astringent; the root is an active purgative and the seed is abo cathartic. P. Emblica is also grown in the tropics for the edible fruit. P. nivosus is often used in greenhouses and for bedding out in summer, and in the warmer parts of Florida for permanent hedges. In general, phyllanthus is propagated from greenwood cuttings from the larger side shoots rooted in sand in the hothouse. They are usually taken in August or before. Some leaves are left on the cutting and the sand is kept just moist but not allowed to dry. The snow-bush grows readily from root cuttings. P. acidus and P. Emblica and some other species are often grown from seeds; the latter is difficult to propagate vegetatively except by layering. P. acuminatus, Vahl. related to P. distichus. Trop. Amer.— P. caroliniensis, Walt., an infrequent low weed from Pa., eouth.— P. Chantrieri, Andre, related to P. pulcher. Cochin-China.—P. epiphyllanthus, Linn., related to P. angustifolius, the flat branches curved.—P. falcatus. Swartz- P. epiphyllanthus.—P. glaucescens, HBK., related to P.pulcher. Trop.
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Cultivation
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Propagation
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Pests and diseases
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Species
Selected specieswp
- Phyllanthus acidus - Otaheite gooseberry
- Phyllanthus acuminatus - Jamaican gooseberry tree
- Phyllanthus caroliniensis - native to the Americas
- Phyllanthus emblica - Indian gooseberry, also known as amla or amalaki.
- Phyllanthus mirabilis - the only succulent species of this genus
- Phyllanthus niruri - Chanca piedra (Also includes P. amarus and P. debilis)
- Phyllanthus urinaria - chamberbitter
- Phyllanthus fluitans - red root floater, sometimes sold in aquarium shops
For full list, see List of Phyllanthus species.
Gallery
If you have a photo of this plant, please upload it! Plus, there may be other photos available for you to add.
Phyllanthus acidus
Fruits
Phyllanthus niruri
Leaves
References
- Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture, by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
External links
- w:Phyllanthus. Some of the material on this page may be from Wikipedia, under the Creative Commons license.
- Phyllanthus QR Code (Size 50, 100, 200, 500)
