Difference between revisions of "Rosa canina"

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{{Taxobox
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{{SPlantbox
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| color = lightgreen
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|familia=Rosaceae
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| name = ''Rosa canina''
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|genus=Rosa
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| image = Rosa canina flower Luc Viatour.JPG
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|species=canina
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| image_width = 250px
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|common_name=Dog Rose
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| image_caption = Dog Rose in flower
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|habit=shrub
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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|Min ht metric=cm
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| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
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|lifespan=perennial
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| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
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|features=flowers, edible, fruit
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| ordo = [[Rosales]]
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|Temp Metric=°F
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| familia = [[Rosaceae]]
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|jumpin=This is the plant information box - for information on light; water; zones; height; etc. If it is mostly empty you can help grow this page by clicking on the edit tab and filling in the blanks!
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| subfamilia = [[Rosoideae]]
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|image=Rosa canina flower Luc Viatour.JPG
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| genus = ''[[Rose|Rosa]]''
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|image_width=240
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| species = '''''R. canina'''''
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|image_caption=Dog Rose in flower
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| binomial = ''Rosa canina''
 
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| binomial_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
 
 
}}
 
}}
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'''''Rosa canina''''' (lit. '''Dog Rose''', often called incorrectly '''[[Rosehip]]''') is a variable scrambling [[rose]] species native to [[Europe]], northwest [[Africa]] and western [[Asia]].
 
'''''Rosa canina''''' (lit. '''Dog Rose''', often called incorrectly '''[[Rosehip]]''') is a variable scrambling [[rose]] species native to [[Europe]], northwest [[Africa]] and western [[Asia]].
  
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It is a [[deciduous]] [[shrub]] normally ranging in height from 1-5 m, though sometimes it can scramble higher into the crowns of taller trees. Its stems are covered with small, sharp, hooked spines, which aid it in climbing. The [[leaf|leaves]] are pinnate, with 5-7 leaflets. The [[flower]]s are usually pale pink, but can vary between a deep pink and white. They are 4-6 cm diameter with five petals, and mature into an oval 1.5-2 cm red-orange [[fruit]], or [[rose hip|hip]].
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It is a [[deciduous]] [[shrub]] normally ranging in height from 1-5 m, though sometimes it can scramble higher into the crowns of taller trees. Its stems are covered with small, sharp, hooked spines, which aid it in climbing. The [[leaf|leaves]] are pinnate, with 5-7 leaflets. The [[flower]]s are usually pale pink, but can vary between a deep pink and white. They are 4-6 cm diameter with five petals, and mature into an oval 1.5-2 cm red-orange [[fruit]], or [[rose hip|hip]].
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==Cultivation and uses==
 
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The plant is high in certain antioxidants. The fruit is noted for its high [[vitamin C]] level and is used to make [[syrup]], [[tea]] and [[marmalade]]. It has been grown or encouraged in the wild for the production of vitamin C, from its fruit (often as rose-hip syrup), especially during conditions of scarcity or wartime. The species has also been introduced to other temperate latitudes. During [[World War II]] in the [[United States]] ''Rosa canina'' was planted in [[victory garden]]s, and can still be found growing throughout the United States, including roadsides, and in wet, sandy areas up and down coastlines.
 
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During the Vietnam War, for Steve Arnold fighting with the North, Rosa Canina was dried and then smoked with tobacco to produce mild hallucinogenic effects and abnormal dreams.
 
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Forms of this plant are sometimes used as stocks for the [[grafting]] or budding of cultivated varieties.  
 
  
 
The wild plant is planted as a nurse or cover crop, or stabilising plant in land reclamation and specialised landscaping schemes.  
 
The wild plant is planted as a nurse or cover crop, or stabilising plant in land reclamation and specialised landscaping schemes.  
  
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Numerous [[cultivar]]s have been named, though few are common in cultivation. The cultivar ''Rosa canina'' 'Assisiensis' is the only dog rose without thorns.
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{{Inc|
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Rosa canina, Linn. Dop Rose. Upright shrub, attaining 10 ft. or more, with often recurving branches: prickles stout, hooked: lfts. 5-7, oval or elliptic, doubly serrate, glabrous or slightly pubescent or somewhat glandular beneath, 3/4 -1 1/2 in. long: fls. 1-3, light pink, on usually glabrous pedicels; sepals reflexed, caducous: fr. ovate, orange-reef, or scarlet, glabrous. June. Eu., N. Afr., W. Asia; naturalized in some localities.—Much used as stock for grafting. Var. exilis, Keller (R. exilis, Crepin). Low form with small lfts. about ?in. long, and small pink fls. about 1 in. across.
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}}
  
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The hips are used as a flavouring in the Slovenian soft drink [[Cockta]].
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==Cultivation==
  
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The dog rose was the stylized rose of Medieval European heraldry, and is still used today {{Fact|date=February 2007}}.
 
  
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The dog rose is the flower of Hampshire
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===Propagation===
  
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==Etymology==
 
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The name 'dog' has a disparaging meaning in this context, indicating 'worthless' (by comparison with cultivated garden roses) (Vedel & Lange 1960).
 
  
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Howard (1987) states that it was used in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries to treat the bite of [[rabies|rabid]] dogs, hence the name "dog rose" arose.<ref>Howard, Michael. ''Traditional Folk Remedies'' (Century, 1987); p133</ref>
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===Pests and diseases===
  
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Other old folk names include rose briar (also spelt brier), briar rose, dogberry,, herb patience, sweet briar, wild briar, witches' briar, and briar hip.
 
  
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==References==
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==Varieties==
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<references/>
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Numerous [[cultivar]]s have been named, though few are common in cultivation. The cultivar ''Rosa canina'' 'Assisiensis' is the only dog rose without thorns.
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*[http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Rosa&SPECIES_XREF=canina&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK= Flora Europaea: ''Rosa canina'']
 
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*Blamey, M. & Grey-Wilson, C. (1989). ''Flora of Britain and Northern Europe''. Hodder & Stoughton. ISBN 0-340-40170-2.
 
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*Vedel, H. & Lange, J. (1960). ''Trees and bushes''. Metheun, London.
 
  
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{{Commons|Rosa canina}}
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==Gallery==
  
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<gallery>
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<gallery perrow=5>
 
Image:Rosa canina blatt 2005.05.26 11.50.13.jpg|Leaf with [[stipules]]
 
Image:Rosa canina blatt 2005.05.26 11.50.13.jpg|Leaf with [[stipules]]
 
Image:Rosa canina2.jpg|Flowers  
 
Image:Rosa canina2.jpg|Flowers  
 
Image:Rosa canina hips.jpg|Hips
 
Image:Rosa canina hips.jpg|Hips
 
Image:Rosa canina.jpg|Hips
 
Image:Rosa canina.jpg|Hips
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Image:Upload.png| photo
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
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[[Category:Roses]]
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==References==
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[[Category:Medicinal plants]]
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<references/>
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
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==External links==
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*{{wplink}}
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{{stub}}
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__NOTOC__

Latest revision as of 02:38, 29 December 2009


Dog Rose in flower


Plant Characteristics
Habit   shrub

Lifespan: ⌛ perennial
Cultivation
Features: ✓ flowers, edible, fruit
Scientific Names

Rosaceae >

Rosa >

canina >


This is the plant information box - for information on light; water; zones; height; etc. If it is mostly empty you can help grow this page by clicking on the edit tab and filling in the blanks!"This is the plant information box - for information on light; water; zones; height; etc. If it is mostly empty you can help grow this page by clicking on the edit tab and filling in the blanks!" is not in the list (If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!) of allowed values for the "Jump in" property.


Rosa canina (lit. Dog Rose, often called incorrectly Rosehip) is a variable scrambling rose species native to Europe, northwest Africa and western Asia.

It is a deciduous shrub normally ranging in height from 1-5 m, though sometimes it can scramble higher into the crowns of taller trees. Its stems are covered with small, sharp, hooked spines, which aid it in climbing. The leaves are pinnate, with 5-7 leaflets. The flowers are usually pale pink, but can vary between a deep pink and white. They are 4-6 cm diameter with five petals, and mature into an oval 1.5-2 cm red-orange fruit, or hip.

The wild plant is planted as a nurse or cover crop, or stabilising plant in land reclamation and specialised landscaping schemes.


Read about Rosa canina in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Rosa canina, Linn. Dop Rose. Upright shrub, attaining 10 ft. or more, with often recurving branches: prickles stout, hooked: lfts. 5-7, oval or elliptic, doubly serrate, glabrous or slightly pubescent or somewhat glandular beneath, 3/4 -1 1/2 in. long: fls. 1-3, light pink, on usually glabrous pedicels; sepals reflexed, caducous: fr. ovate, orange-reef, or scarlet, glabrous. June. Eu., N. Afr., W. Asia; naturalized in some localities.—Much used as stock for grafting. Var. exilis, Keller (R. exilis, Crepin). Low form with small lfts. about ?in. long, and small pink fls. about 1 in. across.


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

Propagation

Pests and diseases

Varieties

Numerous cultivars have been named, though few are common in cultivation. The cultivar Rosa canina 'Assisiensis' is the only dog rose without thorns.

Gallery

  • Leaf with stipules

  • Flowers

  • Hips

  • Hips

  • photo

References

External links


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