Difference between revisions of "Glossary of Botanical Names"

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ENGLISH EQUIVALENTS OF LATIN NAMES OF SPECIES
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English equivalents of Latin names of species
  
Plants may have one or more common names, which are like nicknames, but they only have one botanical name (which is also called a Latin name, scientific name or technical name). The botanical name of a plant consists of two words, the genus name (generic word, common to the entire group or genus), followed by the the species name (specific or particular word, designating the given species).  The species name is often somehow descriptive of the plant, or where it was found, or derived from someone's name.  So for example, ''Briza maxima'' is the large briza, ''B. minor'' the small briza, and ''B. media'' the intermediate briza. ''Abies sibirica''; the Siberian abies, is a geographic example, while ''A. Fraseri'', Fraser's abies, is commemorative.  
+
Plants may have one or more common names, which are like nicknames, but they only have one botanical name (which is also called a Latin name, scientific name or technical name). The botanical name of a plant consists of two words, the genus name (generic word, common to the entire group or genus), followed by the the species name (specific or particular word, designating the given species).  The species name is often somehow descriptive of the plant, or where it was found, or derived from someone's name.  So for example, ''Briza maxima'' is the large ''Briza'', ''B. minor'' the small ''Briza'', and ''B. media'' the intermediate ''Briza''. ''Abies sibirica''; the Siberian ''Abies'', is a geographic example, while ''A. fraseri'', Fraser's ''Abies'', is commemorative.  
  
 
Although the species-word is not always designative and is sometimes even inapplicable, nevertheless the student is aided if he knows what the word means in English translation; and the following list is inserted to supply this knowledge for characteristic Latin or Latinized descriptive adjectives (in some cases nouns in the genitive or in apposition) applied to the species of plants. These words are likely to be used in differing meanings in different genera and as applied by different authors; in many cases, they do not follow the usages of classical Latin: therefore a list of this kind cannot be exact or give all the meanings in which the words may be applied as specific names. The generic names (the first word in the combination) need not be listed here, for they are not adjectives of description but made-up substantives; and, moreover, their origins are explained at the entries in the text.
 
Although the species-word is not always designative and is sometimes even inapplicable, nevertheless the student is aided if he knows what the word means in English translation; and the following list is inserted to supply this knowledge for characteristic Latin or Latinized descriptive adjectives (in some cases nouns in the genitive or in apposition) applied to the species of plants. These words are likely to be used in differing meanings in different genera and as applied by different authors; in many cases, they do not follow the usages of classical Latin: therefore a list of this kind cannot be exact or give all the meanings in which the words may be applied as specific names. The generic names (the first word in the combination) need not be listed here, for they are not adjectives of description but made-up substantives; and, moreover, their origins are explained at the entries in the text.
 
The species-adjective is made to agree with its genus in gender: thus the Latin adjective ''aureus'' (golden) takes the regular masculine termination in ''Calochortus aureus'', because Calochortus is masculine; the feminine termination in Albuca aurea; the neuter in ''Acrostichum aureum''; in Sorbus it is feminine (''S. aurea'') even though the generic name is masculine in form, because most trees are feminine whatever the termination of the name. In the following list, for convenience most of the adjectives are printed in the masculine form. The leading exceptions are those that terminate in ''-fer'' and ''-ger'', meaning "bearuig," these being given in the feminine form.
 
 
The above examples illustrate prevailing terminations of species-words. Other adjectives have other forms, as ''niger''; ''nigra'', ''nigrum'' (black); ''asper'', ''aspera'', ''asperum'' (rough); ''acaulis'', ''acaule'' (stemless); the termination ''-ensis'' (belonging to, citizen of), as in ''canadensis'', ''canadense'' (not ''-um''). Commemorative personal species-names may be in the genitive or in the form of an adjective; as ''Stanhopea Lindleyi''. Lindley's stanhopea; ''Selenipedium Lindleyanum'', Lindleyan selenipedium. If the person's name ends in a hard consonant, the termination (under the recent Vienna code) is in double ii, as ''Canna Lambertii''. If for a woman, the termination is feminine, as Acacia Wayae. Substantive names in apposition hold their own termination, and the word in such cases should begin with a capital letter, if it is a proper name or an old generic name, as ''Hibiscus Sabdariffa'', ''Artemisia Absinthium'', ''Begonia Rex''. Such words are usually old generic names or prominent vernacular substantives, and they commonly record some historical connection of the plant.
 
 
Very many names are compounded from generic or subgeneric names, representing similarity or likeness to. These the reader will be able to recognize at once, and they need not be entered in this list. Examples are: ''achilleaefolius'', achillea-leaved; ''achilleoides'', achillea-like; ''acrostichoides'', acrostichum-like; ''bellidiflorus'', bellis-flowered; ''lamiifolius'', lamium-leaved; ''xiphioides'', xiphium-like; ''tremuliformis'', tremula-formed or -shaped; ''cacaliopsis'', cacalia-like; ''atriplicis'', atriplex-like; ''scillaris'', scilla-like.
 
  
 
{{compactTOC2}}
 
{{compactTOC2}}
  
 
==A==
 
==A==
abbrevia tus: abbreviated, shortened.
+
*''abbreviatus'': abbreviated, shortened.
 
+
*''abortivus'': aborted, parts failing.
aborti vus: aborted, parts failing.
+
*''abruptus'': abrupt, suddenly changing in shape or character.
 
+
*''abyssinicus'': Abyssinian.
abrup tus: abrupt, suddenly changing in shape or character.
+
*''acaulis'': stemless.
 
+
*''acephalus'': headless.
abyssin icus: Abyssinian.
+
*''acerbus'': acerb, harsh or sour (taste).
 
+
*''aceroldes'': acer-like, maple-like.
acau lis: stemless.
+
*''acerosus'': needle-shaped.
 
+
*''acicularis'': needle-like.
aceph alus: headless.
+
*''acidissimus'': exceedingly sour.
 
+
*''acidus'': acid, sour.
acer bus: acerb, harsh or sour (taste).
+
*''acinaceus'': scimetar-or saber-shaped.
 
+
*''acris'': acrid, sharp.
acerol des: acer-like, maple-like.
+
*''aculeatus'': prickly.
 
+
*''acuminatus'': acuminate, long-pointed, tapering.
acero sus: needle-shaped.
+
*''acutangulus'': acutely or sharply angled.
 
+
*''acutifidus'': acutely or sharply cut.
acicula ris: needle-like.
+
*''acutifolius'': acutely leaved, sharp-leaved.
 
+
*''acutilobus'': acutely lobed.
acidis simus: exceedingly sour.
+
*''acutipetalus'': petals acute or sharp (pointed).
 
+
*''acutus'': acute, sharp-pointed.
ac idus: acid, sour.
+
*''admirabills'': admirable, noteworthy.
 
+
*''adnatus'': adnate, joined to.
acina ceus: scimetar-or saber-shaped.
+
*''adpressus'': pressed against.
 
+
*''adscendens'': ascending.
a cris: acrid, sharp.
+
*''adsurgens'': rising to an erect position, ascending.
 
+
*''aduncus'': hooked.
aculea tus: prickly.
+
*''advenus'': newly arrived, adventive.
 
+
*''aegyptiacus'': Egyptian.
acumina tus: acuminate, long-pointed, tapering.
+
*''aemulus'': emulative, imitating.
 
+
*''aeneus'': brazen, bronze-coloured.
acutan gulus: acutely or sharply angled.
+
*''aequinoctialis'': pertaining to the equinox.
 
+
*''aequipetalus'': equal-petaled.
acutif idus: acutely or sharply cut.
+
*''aeruginosus'': rusty, rust-coloured.
 
+
*''aestivalis'': summer.
acutif o lius: acutely leaved, sharp-leaved.
+
*''aestivus'': summer.
 
+
*''aethiopicus'': Ethiopian, African.
acutil obus: acutely lobed.
+
*''affinis'': related (to another species).
 
+
*''africanus'': African.
acutipet alus: petals acute or sharp (pointed).
+
*''agavoides'': Agave-like.
 
+
*''ageratoides'': ageratum-like.
acu tus: acute, sharp-pointed.
+
*''aggregatus'': aggregate, clustered.
 
+
*''agrarius'': of the fields.
admirab ills: admirable, noteworthy.
+
*''agrestis'': of or pertaining to the fields.
 
+
*''aizoides'': aizoon-like (''Aizoon'', an evergreen or tenacious plant).
adna tus: adnate, joined to.
+
*''alatus'': winged.
 
+
*''albescens'': whitish, becoming white.
adpres sus: pressed against.
+
*''albicans'': whitish.
 
+
*''albicaulis'': white-stemmed.
adscen dens: ascending.
+
*''albidus'': white.
 
+
*''albiflorus'': white-flowered.
adsur gens: rising to an erect position, ascending.
+
*''albifrons'': white-fronded, white-herbaged.
 
+
*''albispinus'': white-spined.
adun cus: hooked.
+
*''albocinctus'': white-girdled, white-crowned.
 
+
*''albospicus'': white-spiked.
ad venus: newly arrived, adventive.
+
*''albus'': white.
 
+
*''alcicornis'': elk-horned.
aegypti acus: Egyptian.
+
*''aleppicus'': of Aleppo (in Syria).
 
+
*''alliaceus'': of the alliums, garlic-like.
aem ulus: emulative, imitating.
+
*''aloides'': aloe-like.
 
+
*''alpestris'': alpine.
ae neus: brazen, bronze-colored.
+
*''alpinus'': alpine.
 
+
*''altaicus'': of the Altai Mts. (S. Siberia).
aequinoctia lis: pertaining to the equinox.
+
*''alternans'': alternating.
 
+
*''alternus'': alternating, alternate.
aequipet alus: equal-petaled.
+
*''altifrons'': tall-fronded or -herbaged.
 
+
*''altissimus'': very tall, tallest.
aerugino sus: rusty, rust-colored.
+
*''altus'': tall.
 
+
*''amabills'': lovely.
aestiva lis: summer.
+
*''amarus'': bitter.
 
+
*''ambiguus'': ambiguous, doubtful.
aesti vus: summer.
+
*''amelloides'': amellus-like.
 
+
*''americanus'': American.
aethiop icus: Ethiopian, African.
+
*''amethystinus'': amethystine, violet-coloured.
 
+
*''amoenus'': charming, pleasing.
affi nis: related (to another species).
+
*''amphibius'': amphibious, growing both in water and on land.
 
+
*''amplexicaulis'': stem-clasping.
africa nus: African.
+
*''amplissimus'': most or very ample.
 
+
*''amplus'': ample, large, extended.
agavoi des: Agave-like.
+
*''amurensis'': of the Amur River region (E. Siberia).
 
+
*''amygdalinus'': pertaining to or like amygdalus.
ageratoi des: ageratum-like.
+
*''anacanthus'': without spines.
 
+
*''anatolicus'': of Anatolia (Asia Minor).
aggrega tus: aggregate, clustered.
+
*''anceps'': two-headed, two-edged.
 
+
*''andicolus'': native of the Andes.
agra rius: of the fields.
+
*''andinus'': Andiuc, Andian, pertaining to the Andes
 
+
*''androgynus'': with both staminate and pistillate flowers in one cluster.
agres tis: of or pertaining to the fields.
+
*''anfractuosus'': twisted.
 
+
*''anglicus'': English, pertaining to England.
aizoi des: aizoon-like (Aizo on, an evergreen or tenacious plant).
+
*''anguinus'': snaky, pertaining to serpents.
 
+
*''angularis'': angular, angled.
ala tus: winged.
+
*''angulatus'': angular, angled.
 
+
*''angulosus'': angular, angled.
albes cens: whitish, becoming white.
+
*''angustus'': narrow.
 
+
*''annotinus'': year-old.
al bicans: whitish.
+
*''annularis'': annular, ringed.
 
+
*''annulatus'': annular.
albicau lis: wnite-stemmed.
+
*''annuus'': annual, living but one year.
 
+
*''anomalus'': anomalous, out of the ordinary or usual.
al bidus: white.
+
*''antillaris'': of the Antilles (W. Indies).
 
+
*''antipodum'': of the antipodes.
albiflo rus: white-flowered.
+
*''antiquorum'': of the ancients.
 
+
*''antiquus'': ancient.
al bifrons: white-fronded, white-herbaged.
+
*''apenninus'': pertaining to the Apennines (Italy).
 
+
*''apertus'': uncovered, bare.
albispi nus: white-spined.
+
*''apetalus'': without petals.
 
+
*''aphyllus'': leafless.
albocinc tus: white-girdled, white-crowned.
+
*''apiculatus'': apiculate, tipped with a point.
 
+
*''appendiculatus'': appendaged, bearing an extension or additional part or process.
albospi cus: white-spiked.
+
*''applanatus'': flattened.
 
+
*''applicatus'': joined, attached.
al bus: white.
+
*''apterus'': wingless.
 
+
*''aquaticus, aquat ilis'': aquatic.
alcicor nis: elk-horned.
+
*''aqueus'': aqueous, watery.
 
+
*''aquilinus'': aquiline, pertaining to the eagle.
alep picus: of Aleppo (in Syria).
+
*''arabicus'': Arabian.
 
+
*''arachnoides'': spider-like, cobwebby.
allia ceus: of the alliums, garlic-like.
+
*''arborescens'': becoming tree-like, woody.
 
+
*''arboreus'': tree-like.
aloi des: aloe-like.
+
*''arcticus'': arctic.
 
+
*''arcuatus'': bow-like, bowed.
alpes tris: alpine.
+
*''arenarius'': of sand or sandy places.
 
+
*''areolatus'': areolate, pitted.
alpi nus: alpine.
+
*''argentatus'': silvery, silvered.
 
+
*''argenteus'': silvery.
alta icus: of the Altai Mts. (S. Siberia).
+
*''argophyllus'': silver-leaved.
 
+
*''argutus'': sharp-toothed.
alter nans: alternating.
+
*''argyraeus'': silvery.
 
+
*''aridus'': arid.
alter nus: alternating, alternate.
+
*''arietinus'': like a ram's head.
 
+
*''aristatus'': aristate, bearded.
al tifrons: tall-fronded or -herbaged.
+
*''aristosus'': bearded.
 
+
*''armatus'': armed (as with thorns).
altis simus: very tall, tallest.
+
*''aromaticus'': aromatic.
 
+
*''arrectus'': raised up, erect.
al tus: tall.
+
*''articulatus'': articulated, jointed.
 
+
*''arundinaceus'': reed-like.
amab ills: lovely.
+
*''arvensis'': pertaining to cultivated fields.
 
+
*''ascendens'': ascending.
ama rus: bitter.
+
*''asiaticus'': Asian.
 
+
*''asper'': rough.
ambig uus: ambiguous, doubtful.
+
*''asperatus'': rough.
 
+
*''aspericaulis'': rough-stemmed.
amelloi des: amellus-like.
+
*''asperrimus'': very rough.
 
+
*''assimilis'': similar, like to.
america nus: American.
+
*''assurgens'': assurgent, clambering.
 
+
*''ater'': coal-black.
amethys tinus: amethystine, violet-colored.
+
*''atlunticus'': Atlantic, growing in Atlantic regions.
 
+
*''atratus'': blackened.
amoe nus: charming, pleasing.
+
*''atropurpureus'': dark purple.
 
+
*''atrorubens'': dark red.
amphib ius: amphibious, growing both in water and on land.
+
*''atrosanguineus'': dark blood-red.
 
+
*''atrovirens'': dark green.
amplexicau lis: stem-clasping.
+
*''attenuatus'': attenuated, produced to a point.
 
+
*''atticus'': pertaining to Attica or Athens, Greek.
amplis simus: most or very ample.
+
*''augustissimus'': very notable.
 
+
*''augustus'': august, notable, majestic.
am plus: ample, large, extended.
+
*''aurantiacus'': orange-red.
 
+
*''aureolus'': golden.
amuren sis: of the Amur River region (E. Siberia).
+
*''aureus'': golden.
 
+
*''auriculatus'': auricled, eared.
amygdal inus: pertaining to or like amygdalus.
+
*''australiensis'': belonging to Australia.
 
+
*''australis'': southern.
anacan thus: without spines.
+
*''austriacus'': Austrian.
 
+
*''autumnalis'': autumnal.
anatol icus: of Anatolia (Asia Minor).
+
*''axillaris'': axillary, borne in the axils, pertaining to the axils.
 
+
*''azureus'': azure, sky-blue.
an ceps: two-headed, two-edged.
 
 
 
andic olus: native of the Andes.
 
 
 
andi nus: Andiuc, Andian, pertaining to the Andes
 
 
 
androg ynus: with both staminate and pistillate flowers in one cluster.
 
 
 
anfractuo sus: twisted.
 
 
 
anglicus: English, pertaining to England.
 
 
 
angui nus: snaky, pertaining to serpents.
 
 
 
angula ris: angular, angled.
 
 
 
angula tus: angular, angled.
 
 
 
angulo sus: angular, angled.
 
 
 
angus tus: narrow.
 
 
 
annot inus: year-old.
 
 
 
annula ris: annular, ringed.
 
 
 
annula tus: annular.
 
 
 
an nuus: annual, living but one year.
 
 
 
anom alus: anomalous, out of the ordinary or usual.
 
 
 
antilla ris: of the Antilles (W. Indies).
 
 
 
antip odum: of the antipodes.
 
 
 
antiquo rum: of the ancients.
 
 
 
anti quus: ancient.
 
 
 
apenni nus: pertaining to the Apennines (Italy).
 
 
 
aper tus: uncovered, bare.
 
 
 
apet alus: without petals.
 
 
 
aphyl lus: leafless.
 
 
 
apicula tus: apiculate, tipped with a point.
 
 
 
appendicula tus: appendaged, bearing an extension or additional part or process.
 
 
 
applana tus: flattened.
 
 
 
applica tus: joined, attached.
 
 
 
ap terus: wingless.
 
 
 
aquat icus, aquat ilis: aquatic.
 
 
 
a queus: aqueous, watery.
 
 
 
aquili nus: aquiline, pertaining to the eagle.
 
 
 
arab icus: Arabian.
 
 
 
arachnoi des: spider-like, cobwebby.
 
 
 
arbores cens: becoming tree-like, woody.
 
 
 
arbo reus: tree-like.
 
 
 
arc ticus: arctic.
 
 
 
arcua tus: bow-like, bowed.
 
 
 
arena rius: of sand or sandy places.
 
 
 
areola tus: areolate, pitted.
 
 
 
argenta tus: silvery, silvered.
 
 
 
argen teus: silvery.
 
 
 
argophyl lus: silver-leaved.
 
 
 
argu tus: sharp-toothed.
 
 
 
argyrae us: silvery.
 
 
 
ar idus: arid.
 
 
 
arieti nus: like a ram's head.
 
 
 
arista tus: aristate, bearded.
 
 
 
aristo sus: bearded.
 
 
 
arma tus: armed (as with thorns).
 
 
 
aromat icus: aromatic.
 
 
 
arrect us: raised up, erect.
 
 
 
articula tus: articulated, jointed.
 
 
 
arundina ceus: reed-like.
 
 
 
arven sis: pertaining to cultivated fields.
 
 
 
ascen dens: ascending.
 
 
 
asiat icus: Asian.
 
 
 
as per: rough.
 
 
 
as pera tus: rough.
 
 
 
aspericau lis: rough-stemmed.
 
 
 
asper rimus: very rough.
 
 
 
assim ilis: similar, like to.
 
 
 
assur gens: assurgent, clambering.
 
 
 
a ter: coal-black.
 
 
 
atlunt icus: Atlantic, growing in Atlantic regions.
 
 
 
atra tus: blackened.
 
 
 
atropurpu reus: dark purple.
 
 
 
atror ubens: dark red.
 
 
 
atrosanguin eus: dark blood-red.
 
 
 
atrov irens: dark green.
 
 
 
attenua tus: attenuated, produced to a point.
 
 
 
at ticus: pertaining to Attica or Athens, Greek.
 
 
 
augustis simus: very notable.
 
 
 
august us: august, notable, majestic.
 
 
 
auranti acus: orange-red.
 
 
 
aure olus: golden.
 
 
 
au reus: golden.
 
 
 
auricula tus: auricled, eared.
 
 
 
australien sis: belonging to Australia.
 
 
 
austra lis: southern.
 
 
 
austri acus: Austrian.
 
 
 
autumna lis: autumnal.
 
 
 
axilla ris: axillary, borne in the axils, pertaining to the axils.
 
 
 
azu reus: azure, sky-blue.
 
  
 
==B==
 
==B==
bacca tus: berried.
+
*''baccatus'': berried.
 
+
*''baccifera'': berry-bearing.
baccif era: berry-bearing.
+
*''balearicus'': Balearian, of the Balearic Islands.
 
+
*''balsameus'': balsamic, balsam-1ike, with balsam odor.
balear icus: Balearian, of the Balearic Islands.
+
*''balsamifera'': balsam-bearing.
 
+
*''bambusoides'': bambusa-like, bamboo-like.
balsa meus: balsamic, balsam-1ike, with balsam odor.
+
*''banaticus'': of Banat (S. Hungary).
 
+
*''barbadensis'': of Barbadoes.
balsamif era: balsam-bearing.
+
*''barbarus'': foreign, from a strange country.
 
+
*''barbatus'': barbed, bearded.
bambusoi des: bambusa-like, bamboo-like.
+
*''barbigera'': bearing barbs or beards.
 
+
*''basilaris'': pertaining to the base or bottom.
banat icus: of Banat (S. Hungary).
+
*''bellus'': handsome.
 
+
*''benedictus'': blessed.
barbaden sis: of Barbadoes.
+
*''benghalensis'': of Bengal (E. India).
 
+
*''betuloides'': Betula-like, birch-like.
bar barus: foreign, from a strange country.
+
*''bicarinatus'': twice-keeled, with two keels.
 
+
*''bicolor'': two-coloured.
barba tus: barbed, bearded.
+
*''bicarnis'': two-horned.
 
+
*''bicornutus'': two-horned.
barbig, era: bearing barbs or beards.
+
*''bidentatus'': two-toothed.
 
+
*''biennis'': biennial, living only two years.
basila ris: pertaining to the base or bottom.
+
*''bifidus'': twice cut, in two parts.
 
+
*''bifiorus'': two-flowered.
bel lus: handsome.
+
*''bifurcatus'': twice-forked.
 
+
*''bigibbus'': with two swellings or projections.
benedic tus: blessed.
+
*''biglumis'': two-glumed.
 
+
*''bijugus'': yoked two together, joined, fastened together.
benghalen sis: of Bengal (E. India).
+
*''bilobus'': two-lobed.
 
+
*''binatus'': twin, double, two-and-two.
betuloi des: Betula-like, birch-like.
+
*''binervis'': two-nerved.
 
+
*''binocularis'': binocular, two-eyed, two-spotted.
bicarina tus: twice-keeled, with two keels.
+
*''bipartitus'': two-parted.
 
+
*''bipetalus'': two-petaled.
bic olor: two-colored.
+
*''bipinnatifidus'': bipinnatifid, twice pinnately cut.
 
+
*''bipinnatus'': bipinnate, twice pinnate.
bicar nis: two-horned.
+
*''bipunctatus'': two-spotted.
 
+
*''bisectus'': cut in two parts.
bicornu tus: two-horned.
+
*''bispinosus'': two-spined.
 
+
*''biternatus'': twice ternate.
bidenta tus: two-toothed.
+
*''blandus'': bland, mild.
 
+
*''bonus'': good.
bien nis: biennial, living only two years.
+
*''burbonicus'': of Bourbonne (in N. E. France).
 
+
*''borealis'': northern.
bif idus: twice cut, in two parts.
+
*''botryoides'': cluster-like, grape-like.
 
+
*''brachiatus'': brachiate, branched at right angles.
bifio rus: two-flowered.
+
*''brachypodus'': short-stalked.
 
+
*''bracteatus'': bracteate, bearing bracta.
bifurca tus: twice-forked.
+
*''bracteosus'': bract-bearing.
 
+
*''brevicaulis'': short-stemmed.
bigib bus: with two swellings or projections.
+
*''brevifrons'': short-fronded, short- leaved.
 
+
*''brevipes'': short-footed, as with abort pedicel or petiole.
biglu mis: two-glumed.
+
*''brevirostris'': short-beaked.
 
+
*''brevis'': short.
bij ugus: yoked two together, joined, fastened together.
+
*''brevisetus'': short-bristled.
 
+
*''brevispathus'': short-spathed.
bil obus: two-lobed.
+
*''brevissimus'': very short, shortest.
 
+
*''brilliantissimus'': most brilliant, very brilliant.
bina tus: twin, double, two-and-two.
+
*''brunneus'': deep brown.
 
+
*''bucephalus'': ox-headed.
biner vis: two-nerved.
+
*''bufonius'': pertaining to the toad.
 
+
*''bulbifera'': bulb-bearing.
binocula ris: binocular, two-eyed, two-spotted.
+
*''bulbosus'': bulbous.
 
+
*''bullatus'': inflated,swelling, puckered, bullate.
biparti tus: two-parted.
+
*''byzantinus'': Byzantine (of the Constantinople region).
 
 
bipet alus: two-petaled.
 
 
 
bipinnatif idus: bipinnatifid, twice pinnately cut.
 
 
 
bipinna tus: bipinnate, twice pinnate.
 
 
 
bipuncta tus: two-spotted.
 
 
 
bisec tus: cut in two parts.
 
 
 
bispino sus: two-spined.
 
 
 
biterna tus: twice ternate.
 
 
 
blan dus: bland, mild.
 
 
 
bo nus: good.
 
 
 
burbon icus: of Bourbonne (in N. E. France).
 
 
 
borea lis: northern.
 
 
 
botryoi des: cluster-like, grape-like.
 
 
 
brachia tus: brachiate, branched at right angles.
 
 
 
brachyp odus: short-stalked.
 
 
 
bractea tus: bracteate, bearing bracta.
 
 
 
bracteo sus: bract-bearing.
 
 
 
brevicau lis: short-stemmed.
 
 
 
brev ifrons: short-fronded, short- leaved.
 
 
 
brev ipes: short-footed, as with abort pedicel or petiole.
 
 
 
breviros tris: short-beaked.
 
 
 
bre vis: short.
 
 
 
brevise tus: short-bristled.
 
 
 
brevis pathus: short-spathed.
 
 
 
brevis simus: very short, shortest.
 
 
 
brilliantis simus: most brilliant, very brilliant.
 
 
 
brun neus: deep brown.
 
 
 
buceph alus: ox-headed.
 
 
 
bufo nius: pertaining to the toad.
 
 
 
bulbif era: bulb-bearing.
 
 
 
bulbo sus: bulbous.
 
 
 
bulla tus: inflated,swelling, puckered, bullate.
 
 
 
byzanti nus: Byzantine (of the Constantinople region).
 
 
 
 
==C==
 
==C==
caerules cens: becoming or turning dark blue.
+
*''caerulescens'': becoming or turning dark blue.
 
+
*''caeruleus'': cerulean, dark blue.
caeru leus: cerulean, dark blue.
+
*''caesius'': bluish gray.
 
+
*''caespitosus'': cespitose, tufted, growing in low dense clumps.
cae sius: bluish gray.
+
*''catfer, caffra'': Kafir.
 
+
*''calabricus'': from Calabria(in S. Italy).
caespito sus: cespitose, tufted, growing in low dense clumps.
+
*''calathinus'': basket-like.
 
+
*''calcaratus'': spurred, with spurs.
cat fer, caffra: Kafir.
+
*''calcareus, of or pertaining to lime.
 
+
*''callosus'': thick-skinned, with callosities.
calab ricus: from Calabria(in S. Italy).
+
*''calvus'': bald, hairless.
 
+
*''calycinus'': calyx-like.
calathi nus: basket-like.
+
*''calyculatus'': calyx-like, calyx-bearing, fruit inclosed in a calyx.
 
+
*''cambricus'': Cambrian, Welsh.
calcara tus: spurred, with spurs.
+
*''campanulatus'': campanulate, bell-shaped.
 
+
*''campestris'': of the fields or plains.
calca reus, of or pertaining to lime.
+
*''canadensis'': Canadian.
 
+
*''canaliculatus'': channeled, grooved.
callo sus: thick-skinned, with callosities.
+
*''canariensis'': of the Canary Isle.
 
+
*''candicans'': white, hoary, particularly white-hairy or white-woolly.
cal vus: bald, hairless.
+
*''candidissimus'': very white-hairy or hoary.
 
+
*''cantabricus'': from Cantabria (in Spain).
Calyc inus: calyx-like.
+
*''candidus'': white, white-hairy, shining.
 
+
*''canescens'': gray-pubescent.
Calycula tus: calyx-like, calyx-bearing, fruit inclosed in a calyx.
+
*''canus'': ash-coloured, hoary.
 
+
*''capensis'': of the Cape (of Good Hope).
cam bricus: Cambrian, Welsh.
+
*''capillaris'': hair-like.
 
+
*''capreolatus'': winding, twining.
campanula tus: campanulate, bell-shaped.
+
*''capsularis'': eapsular.
 
+
*''cardinalis'': cardinal.
campes tris: of the fields or plains.
+
*''carinatus'': keeled.
 
+
*''carneus'': flesh-coloured.
canaden sis: Canadian.
+
*''carnonus'': fleshy.
 
+
*''carolinianus'': Carolinian, pertaining to North or South Carolina, or indefinitely to the Carolinas.
canalicula tus: channeled, grooved.
+
*''carpathicus'': of the Carpathian region (Europe).
 
+
*''cartilagineus'': like cartilage.
canarien sis: of the Canary Isle.
+
*''caryophyllaceus'': clove-like; perhaps also pertaining to the pink family.
 
+
*''cashmerianus'': of Cashmere (Asia).
can dicans: white, hoary, particularly white-hairy or white-woolly.
+
*''catharticus'': cathartic.
 
+
*''cathayanus'': of Cathay (China).
candidis simus: very white-hairy or hoary.
+
*''caucusicus'': belonging to the Caucasus (mountain region between the Black and Caspian Seas).
 
+
*''caudatus'': caudate, tailed.
cantab ricus: from Cantabria (in Spain).
+
*''caulescens'': caulescent, having a stem or stems.
 
+
*''cauliflorus'': stem-flowered.
can didus: white, white-hairy, shining.
+
*''cenisius'': of Mt. Cenis (between France and Italy).
 
+
*''cephalatus'': headed, bearing heads.
canes cens: gray-pubescent.
+
*''cerasiformis'': cherry-formed.
 
+
*''cerefolius'': wax-leaved.
ca nus: ash-colored, hoary.
+
*''cerifera'': wax-bearing.
 
+
*''cernuus'': bending forward, inclined, drooping, nodding.
capen sis: of the Cape (of Good Hope).
+
*''ceylanicus'': of Ceylon; same as zeylanicus.
 
+
*''chalcedonicus'': of Chalcedon (on the Bosphorus).
capilla ris: hair-like.
+
*''chilensis'': belonging to Chile.
 
+
*''chinensis'': belonging to China.
capreola tus: winding, twining.
+
*''chloranthus'': green-flowered.
 
+
*''chrysanthus'': golden-flowered.
capsula ris: eapsular.
+
*''chrysocarpus'': golden-fruited.
 
+
*''chrysophyllus'': golden-leaved.
cardina lis: cardinal.
+
*''chrysostomus'': golden-mouthed, golden-throated.
 
+
*''ciliaris'': ciliate, fringed with hairs on the margin.
carina tus: keeled.
+
*''ciliatus'': ciliate, hairy fringed.
 
+
*''cilicicus'': of Cilicia (in S. E. Asia Minor).
car neus: flesh-colored.
+
*''cinctus'': girded, girdled.
 
+
*''cinereus'': ash-coloured.
carno nus: fleshy.
+
*''cinnabarinus'': cinnabar-red.
 
+
*''cinnamomeus'': cinnamon-brown.
carolinia nus: Carolinian, pertaining to North or South Carolina, or indefinitely to the Carolinas.
+
*''circinatus'': circinate, coiled.
 
+
*''cirrhosus'': tendrilled.
carpath icus: of the Carpathian region (Europe).
+
*''citratus'': citrus-like.
 
+
*''citrinus'': bright yellow (citron-like).
cartilagin eus: like cartilage.
+
*''clandestinus'': concealed.
 
+
*''clavatus'': clavate, club-shaped.
caryophylla ceus: clove-like; perhaps also pertaining to the pink family.
+
*''clematideus'': pertaining to or like ''Clematis''.
 
+
*''clypeatus'': with a shield.
cashmeria nus: of Cashmere (Asia).
+
*''coccifera'': berry-bearing.
 
+
*''coccineus'': scarlet.
cathar ticus: cathartic.
+
*''cochlearis'': spoon-like.
 
+
*''cochleatus'': spoon-like.
cathaya nus: of Cathay (China).
+
*''coelestinus'': sky-blue.
 
+
*''coelestis'': celestial, sky-blue.
caucus icus: belonging to the Caucasus (mountain region between the Black and Caspian Seas).
+
*''collinus'': pertaining to a hill.
 
+
*''coloratus'': coloured (other than green).
cauda tus: caudate, tailed.
+
*''comatus'': with coma or hair.
 
+
*''communis'': common, general, gregarious.
caules cens: caulescent, having a stem or stems.
+
*''commutatus'': changed or changing.
 
+
*''comosus'': with long hair.
cauliflo rus: stem-flowered.
+
*''compactus'': compact, dense.
 
+
*''complexus'': circled, embraced.
cenis ius: of Mt. Cenis (between France and Italy).
+
*''complicatus'': complicate; page 162.
 
+
*''compressus'': compressed.
cephala tus: headed, bearing heads.
+
*''comptus'': adorned, ornamented.
 
+
*''concavus'': concave, hollowed out.
cerasifor mis: cherry-formed.
+
*''concinnus'': neat, well made.
 
+
*''concolor'': coloured similarly.
cerefo lius: wax-leaved.
+
*''condensus'': condensed, crowded.
 
+
*''confertus'': crowded.
cerif era: wax-bearing.
+
*''conformis'': similar, like to.
 
+
*''confusus'': confused, uncertain (as to characteristics).
cer nuus: bending forward, inclined, drooping, nodding.
+
*''congestus'': congested, brought together.
 
+
*''conglomeratus'': conglomerate, crowded together.
ceylan icus: of Ceylon; same as zeylanicus.
+
*''conifera'': cone-bearing.
 
+
*''conjugatus'': connected, joined together.
chalcedon icus: of Chalcedon (on the Bosphorus).
+
*''conoideus'': conoid, cone-like.
 
+
*''consolidus'': consolidated, solid, stable.
chilen sis: belonging to Chile.
+
*''conspicuus'': conspicuous, marked.
 
+
*''constrictus'': constricted.
chinen sis: belonging to China.
+
*''contiguus'': contiguous, near together.
 
+
*''contortus'': contorted, twisted.
chloran thus: green-flowered.
+
*''contractus'': contracted.
 
+
*''coralliflorus'': coral-flowered.
chrysan thus: golden-flowered.
+
*''corallinus'': coral-red.
 
+
*''cordatus'': cordate, heart-shaped.
chrysocar pus: golden-fruited.
+
*''cordifolius'': cordate-leaved, heart-leaved.
 
+
*''coriaceus'': leathery.
chrysophyl lus: golden-leaved.
+
*''corniculatus'': horned.
 
+
*''cornigera'': horn-bearing.
chrysos tomus: golden-mouthed, golden-throated.
+
*''cornutus'': horned.
 
+
*''coronarius'': used for or belonging to garlands.
cilia ris: ciliate, fringed with hairs on the margin.
+
*''coronatus'': crowned.
 
+
*''corrugatus'': corrugated, wrinkled.
cilia tus: ciliate, hairy fringed.
+
*''corsicus'': Corsican (island in the Mediterranean).
 
+
*''corticosus'': heavily furnished with bark.
cilic icus: of Cilicia (in S. E. Asia Minor).
+
*''coruscans'': vibrating, glittering.
 
+
*''corymbifera'': corymb-bearing.
cinc tus: girded, girdled.
+
*''corymbosus'': corymbose.
 
+
*''costatus'': costate, ribbed.
cine reus: ash-colored.
+
*''crassicaulis'': thick-stemmed.
 
+
*''crassifolius'': thick-leaved.
cinnabari nus: cinnabar-red.
+
*''crassipes'': thick-footed or -stalked.
 
+
*''crassus'': thick, fleshy.
cinnamo meus: cinnamon-brown.
+
*''crenatus'': crenate, scalloped.
 
+
*''crenulatus'': crenulate, somewhat scalloped.
circina tus: circinate, coiled.
+
*''crepidatus'': sandaled, slippered.
 
+
*''crepitans'': rattling, rustling.
cirrho sus: tendrilled.
+
*''cretaceus'': cretaceous, pertaining to chalk.
 
+
*''creticus'': of Crete (island in Eastern Mediterranean).
citra tus: citrus-like.
+
*''crinitus'': hairy, provided with hair.
 
+
*''crispus'': crisped, curled.  
citri nus: citron-colored or -like.
+
*''cristatus'': cristate, crested.  
 
+
*''crocatus'': saffron-yellow.  
clandesti nus: concealed.
+
*''croceus'': saffron yellow.
 
+
*''cruciatus'': cruciate, cross-like.  
clava tus: clavate, club-shaped.
+
*''crucifera'': cross-bearing.  
 
+
*''cruentus'': bloody.  
clematid eus: pertaining to or like clematis.
+
*''crystallinus'': crystalline.  
 
+
*''cubensis'': Cuban.  
clypea tus: with a shield.
+
*''cucullatus'': hooded.
 
+
*''cultratus'': cultrate, knife-shaped.
coccif era: berry-bearing.
+
*''cuneatus'': cuneate, wedge-shaped.  
 
+
*''cuneifolius'': wedge-leaved.  
coccin eus: scarlet.
+
*''cuneiformis'': wedge-formed.  
 
+
*''cupreus'': copper-like or -coloured.
cochlea ris: spoon-like.
+
*''curvatus'': curved.  
 
+
*''cuspidatus'': cuspidate, with a cusp or sharp stiff point.  
cochlea tus: spoon-like.
+
*''cyaneus'': blue.  
 
+
*''cylindraceus'': cylindrical.  
coelesti nus: sky-blue.
+
*''cylindricus'': cylindrical.  
 
+
*''cymbiformis'': boat-formed.
coeles tis: celestial, sky-blue.
+
*''cymosus'': cymed, having a cyme or cymes.
 
+
*''cypreus'': copper-like; see cupreus.
colli nus: pertaining to a hill.
 
 
 
colora tus: colored (other than green).
 
 
 
coma tus: with coma or hair.
 
 
 
commu nis: common, general, gregarious.
 
 
 
commuta tus: changed or changing.
 
 
 
como sus: with long hair.
 
 
 
compac tus: compact, dense.
 
 
 
complex us: circled, embraced.
 
 
 
complica tus: complicate; page 162.
 
 
 
compres sus: compressed.
 
 
 
comp tus: adorned, ornamented.
 
 
 
con cavus: concave, hollowed out.
 
 
 
concin nus: neat, well made.
 
 
 
con color: colored similarly.
 
 
 
conden sus: condensed, crowded.
 
 
 
confer tus: crowded.
 
 
 
confor mis: similar, like to.
 
 
 
confu sus: confused, uncertain (as to characteristics).
 
 
 
conges tus: congested, brought together.
 
 
 
conglomera tus: conglomerate, crowded together.
 
 
 
conif era: cone-bearing.
 
 
 
conjuga tus: connected, joined together.
 
 
 
conoid eus: conoid, cone-like.
 
 
 
consol idus: consolidated, solid, stable.
 
 
 
conspic uus: conspicuous, marked.
 
 
 
constric tus: constricted.
 
 
 
contig uus: contiguous, near together.
 
 
 
contor tus: contorted, twisted.
 
 
 
contrac tus: contracted.
 
 
 
coralliflo rus: coral-flowered.
 
 
 
coral linus: coral-red.
 
 
 
corda tus: cordate, heart-shaped.
 
 
 
cordifo lius: cordate-leaved, heart-leaved.
 
 
 
coria ceus: leathery.
 
 
 
cornicula tus: horned.
 
 
 
cornig era: horn-bearing.
 
 
 
cornu tus: horned.
 
 
 
corona rius: used for or belonging to garlands.
 
 
 
corona tus: crowned.
 
 
 
corruga tus: corrugated, wrinkled.
 
 
 
cor sicus: Corsican (island in the Mediterranean).
 
 
 
cortico sus: heavily furnished with bark.
 
 
 
corus cans: vibrating, glittering.
 
 
 
corymbif era: corymb-bearing.
 
 
 
corymbo sus: corymbose.
 
 
 
costa tus: costate, ribbed.
 
 
 
crassicau lis: thick-stemmed.
 
 
 
crassifo lius: thick-leaved.
 
 
 
cras sipes: thick-footed or -stalked.
 
 
 
cras sus: thick, fleshy.
 
 
 
crena tus: crenate, scalloped.
 
 
 
crenula tus: crenulate, somewhat scalloped.
 
 
 
crepida tus: sandaled, slippered.
 
 
 
crep itans: rattling, rustling.
 
 
 
creta ceus: cretaceous, pertaining to chalk.
 
 
 
cret icus: of Crete (island in Eastern Mediterranean).
 
 
 
crini tus: hairy, provided with hair.
 
 
 
cris pus: crisped, curled.  
 
 
 
crista tus: cristate, crested.  
 
 
 
croca tus: saffron-yellow.  
 
 
 
cro ceus: saffron-colored, yellow.
 
 
 
crucia tus: cruciate, cross-like.  
 
 
 
crucif era: cross-bearing.  
 
 
 
cruen tus: bloody.  
 
 
 
crystal linus: crystalline.  
 
 
 
cuben sis: Cuban.  
 
 
 
cuculla tus: hooded.
 
 
 
cultra tus: cultrate, knife-shaped.
 
 
 
cunea tus: cuneate, wedge-shaped.  
 
 
 
cuneifo lius: wedge-leaved.  
 
 
 
cuneifor mis: wedge-formed.  
 
 
 
cu preus: copper-like or –colored.
 
 
 
curva tus: curved.  
 
 
 
cuspida tus: cuspidate, with a cusp or sharp stiff point.  
 
 
 
cya neus: blue.  
 
 
 
cylindra ceus: cylindrical.  
 
 
 
cylin dricus: cylindrical.  
 
 
 
cymbifor mis: boat-formed.
 
 
 
cymo sus: cymed, having a cyme or cymes.
 
 
 
cy preus: copper-like; see cupreus.
 
 
 
 
==D==
 
==D==
dactyiff era: finger-bearing.
+
*''dactyifera'': finger-bearing.
 
+
*''dahuricus, davuricus'': Of Dahuria or Dauria (in trans-Baikal Siberia, near the frontier of China).
dahu ricus, davu ricus: Of Dahuria or Dauria (in Trans-Baikal Siberia, near the frontier of China).
+
*''dalmaticus'': Dalmatian (on eastern side of the Adriatic).
 
+
*''damascenus'': of Damascus.
dalmat icus: Dalmatian (on eastern side of the Adriatic).
+
*''dasycarpus'': thick-fruited.
 
+
*''dealbatus'': whitened, white-washed.
damasce nus: of Damascus.
+
*''debilis'': weak, frail.
 
+
*''decandrus'': ten-stamened.
dasycar pus: thick-fruited.
+
*''decapetalus'': ten-petaled.
 
+
*''deciduus'': deciduous, with parts falling.
dealba tus: whitened, white-washed.
+
*''decipiens'': deceptive.
 
+
*''declinatus'': declined, bent downward.
deb ilis: weak, frail.
+
*''decolorans'': discoloured, staining.
 
+
*''decompositus'': decompound, more than once compound or divided.
decan drus: ten-stamened.
+
*''decorans'': adorning.
 
+
*''decorus'': elegant, comely, becoming.
decapet alus: ten-petaled.
+
*''decumbens'': decumbent, reclining at the base but the top or tips upright.
 
+
*''decurrens'': decurrent, as a leaf extending down the stem.
decid uus: deciduous, with parts falling.
+
*''deflexus'': deflexed, bent abruptly downward.
 
+
*''deformis'': misshapen, deformed.
decip iens: deceptive.
+
*''delectus'': chosen.
 
+
*''delicatissimus'': most or very delicate.
declina tus: declined, bent downward.
+
*''delicatus'': delicate, tender.
 
+
*''deliciosus'': delicious.
decolo rans: discoloring, staining.
+
*''deltoideus'': deltoid, triangular.
 
+
*''demissus'': low, weak.
decompos itus: decompound, more than once compound or divided.
+
*''dendroideus'': tree-like.
 
+
*''densiflorus'': densely flowered.
dec orans: adorning.
+
*''densus'': dense.
 
+
*''dentatus'': toothed.
deco rus: elegant, comely, becoming.
+
*''denticulatus'': denticulate, slightly toothed.
 
+
*''dentosus'': toothed.
decum bens: decumbent, reclining at the base but the top or tips upright.
+
*''denudatus'': denuded, naked.
 
+
*''depauperatus'': depauperate, starved, dwarfed.
decur rens: decurrent, as a leaf extending down the stem.
+
*''dependens'': hanging down.  
 
+
*''depressus'': depressed.  
deflex us: deflexed, bent abruptly downward.
+
*''deustus'': burned.  
 
+
*''devastator'': (feminine ''devastatrix''): devastating, laying waste.  
defor mis: misshapen, deformed.
+
*''diacanthus'': two-spined.  
 
+
*''diadema'': a diadem, crown.  
delec tus: chosen.
+
*''diandrus'': with two stamens.  
 
+
*''diaphanus'': diaphanous, very thin, transparent.  
delicatis simus: most or very delicate.
+
*''dichotomus'': forked, two-branched equally.
 
+
*''dichrous'': of two colours.  
delica tus: delicate, tender.
+
*''dicoccus'': with two berries.  
 
+
*''didymus'': in a pair, as of anthers.  
delicio sus: delicious.
+
*''difformis'': of differing forms.  
 
+
*''diffusus'': diffuse, spreading.  
deltoid eus: deltoid, triangular.
+
*''digititus'': digitate, compound in form like the fingers.  
 
+
*''dilatatus'': dilated, expanded.  
demis sus: low, weak.
+
*''dilutus'': dilated, spread out.  
 
+
*''dimidiatus'': halved, in two equal parts.
dendroid eus: tree-like.
+
*''dimorphus'': dimorphous, two-formed.  
 
+
*''diodon'': with two teeth.  
densiflo rus: densely flowered.
+
*''dioicus'': dioecious.  
 
+
*''dipetalus'': two-petaled.  
den sus: dense.
+
*''diphyllus'': two-leaved.  
 
+
*''dipsaecus'': of the teasel ''Dipsacus''.  
denta tus: toothed.
+
*''discoideus'': discoid, rayless.  
 
+
*''discolor'': of two or of different colours.
denticula tus: denticulate, slightly toothed.
+
*''dispar'': dissimilar, unlike.  
 
+
*''dissectus'': dissected, deeply cut.  
dento sus: toothed.
+
*''dissimilis'': dissimilar, unlike.  
 
+
*''dissitiflorus'': remotely or loosely flowered.
denuda tus: denuded, naked.
+
*''distachyus'': two-spiked.  
 
+
*''distans'': distant, separate, remote.  
depaupera tus: depauperate, starved, dwarfed.
+
*''distichus'': two-ranked, with leaves or flowers in ranks on opposite sides of stem.
 
+
*''distylus'': two-styled.  
depen dens: hanging down.  
+
*''diurnus'': day-flowering.  
 
+
*''divaricatus'': divaricate, spreading, widely divergent.
depres sus: depressed.  
+
*''divergens'': diverging, wide-spreading.  
 
+
*''diversiflorus'': diversely flowered, variable-flowered.
deus tus: burned.  
+
*''diversifolius'': variable-leaved.  
 
+
*''divisus'': divided, separated.  
devasta tor: (feminine devastatrix): devastating, laying waste.  
+
*''dodecandrus'': twelve-stamened.  
 
+
*''dolabriformis'': hatchet- or axe-shaped.  
diacan thus: two-spined.  
+
*''dolosus'': deceitful.  
 
+
*''domesticus'': domestic, domesticated.  
diade ma: a diadem, crown.  
+
*''drupaceus'': drupe-like.  
 
+
*''drupifera'': drupe-bearing.  
dian drus: with two stamens.  
+
*''dubius'': dubious, doubtful.  
 
+
*''dulcis'': sweet.
diaph anus: diaphanous, very thin, transparent.  
+
*''dumetorum'': of bushea or hedges.
 
+
*''dumosus'': bushy.
dichot omus: forked, two-branched equally.
+
*''duplex'': double.
 
+
*''duplicatus'': duplicate, double.
dich rous: of two colors.  
+
*''durabilis'': durable, lasting.
 
+
*''duracinus'': hard-berried.
dicoc cus: with two berries.  
+
*''duriusculus'': somewhat hard or rough.
 
 
did ymus: in a pair, as of anthers.  
 
 
 
diffor mis: of differing forms.  
 
 
 
diffu sus: diffuse, spreading.  
 
 
 
digiti tus: digitate, compound in form like the fingers.  
 
 
 
dilata tus: dilated, expanded.  
 
 
 
dilu tus: dilated, spread out.  
 
 
 
dimidia tus: halved, in two equal parts.
 
 
 
dimor phus: dimorphous, two-formed.  
 
 
 
di odon: with two teeth.  
 
 
 
dioi cus: dioecious.  
 
 
 
dipet alus: two-petaled.  
 
 
 
diphyl lus: two-leaved.  
 
 
 
dipsa ecus: of the teasel or Dipsacus.  
 
 
 
discoid eus: discoid, rayless.  
 
 
 
discolor: of two or of different colors.
 
 
 
dis par: dissimilar, unlike.  
 
 
 
dissec tus: dissected, deeply cut.  
 
 
 
dissim ilis: dissimilar, unlike.  
 
 
 
dissitiflo rus: remotely or loosely flowered.
 
 
 
dista chyus: two-spiked.  
 
 
 
dis tans: distant, separate, remote.  
 
 
 
dis tichus: two-ranked, with leaves or flowers in ranks on opposite sides of stem.
 
 
 
dis tylus: two-styled.  
 
 
 
diur nus: day-flowering.  
 
 
 
divarica tus: divaricate, spreading, widely divergent.
 
 
 
diver gens: diverging, wide-spreading.  
 
 
 
diversiflo rus: diversely flowered, variable-flowered.
 
 
 
diversifo lius: variable-leaved.  
 
 
 
divi sus: divided, separated.  
 
 
 
dodecan drus: twelve-stamened.  
 
 
 
dolabrifor mis: hatchet- or ax-shaped.  
 
 
 
dolo sus: deceitful.  
 
 
 
domes ticus: domestic, domesticated.  
 
 
 
drupa ceus: drupe-like.  
 
 
 
drupif era: drupe-bearing.  
 
 
 
du bius: dubious, doubtful.  
 
 
 
dul cis: sweet.
 
 
 
dumeto rum: of bushea or hedges.
 
 
 
dumo sus: bushy.
 
 
 
du plex: double.
 
 
 
duplica tus: duplicate, double.
 
 
 
durab ilis: durable, lasting.
 
 
 
durac inus: hard-berried.
 
 
 
durius culus: somewhat hard or rough.
 
 
 
 
==E==
 
==E==
ebena ceus: ebony-like.
+
*''ebenaceus'': ebony-like.
 
+
*''ebracteatus'': bractless.
ebractea tus: bractless.
+
*''eburneus'': ivory-white.
 
+
*''echinatus'': bristly, prickly.
ebur neus: ivory-white.
+
*''echinocarpus'': prickly-fruited,
 
+
*''echinosepalus'': prickly-sepaled.
echina tus: bristly, prickly.
+
*''ecornutus'': hornless.
 
+
*''edulis'': edible.
echinocar pus: prickly-fruited,
+
*''effusus'': very loose-spreading.
 
+
*''elasticus'': elastic.
echinosep alus: prickly-sepaled.
+
*''elatior'': taller.
 
+
*''elatus'': tall.
ecornu tus: hornless.
+
*''elegans'': elegant.
 
+
*''elegantissimus'': most elegant, very elegant.
edu lis: edible.
+
*''elephantum'': of the elephants.  
 
+
*''elllpticus'': elliptical.  
effu sus: very loose-spreading.
+
*''elongatus'': elongated, lengthened.  
 
+
*''emarginatus'': emarginate, with a shallow notch at the apex.  
elas ticus: elastic.
+
*''emeticus'': emetic.  
 
+
*''eminens'': eminent, prominent.  
ela tior: taller.
+
*''enneaphyilus'': nine-leaved.  
 
+
*''ensatus'': sword-shaped.  
ela tus: tall.
+
*''ensifolius'': sword-leaved.  
 
+
*''ensiformis'': sword-formed or –shaped.  
e1 egans: elegant.
+
*''entomophilus'': insect-loving.  
 
+
*''equestris'': pertaining to the horse.  
elegantis simus: most elegant, very elegant.
+
*''equinus'': of horses.  
 
+
*''erectus'': erect, upright.  
elephan tum: of the elephants.  
+
*''erianthus'': woolly-flowered.  
 
+
*''ericoides'': erica-like, heath-like.  
elllp ticus: elliptical.  
+
*''eriocarpus'': woolly-fruited.  
 
+
*''eriocephalus'': woolly-headed.  
elonga tus: elongated, lengthened.  
+
*''erosus'': erose, jagged, as if gnawed.  
 
+
*''erraticus'': erratic, unusual, sporadic.  
emargina tus: emarginate, with a shallow notch at the apex.  
+
*''erubescens'': blushing.  
 
+
*''erythrocarpus'': red-fruited.  
emet icus: emetic.  
+
*''erythrocephalus'': red-headed.  
 
+
*''erythropodus'': red-footed, red-stalked.
em inens: eminent, prominent.  
+
*''erythropterus'': red-winged.  
 
+
*''esculentus'': esculent, edible.  
enneaphyi lus: nine-leaved.  
+
*''estriatus'': without stripes.  
 
+
*''etuberosus'': without tubers.  
ensa tus: sword-shaped.  
+
*''europaeus'': Europeans.  
 
+
*''exaltatus'': exalted, very tall.  
ensifo lius: sword-leaved.  
+
*''excavatus'': excavated, hollowed out.  
 
+
*''excellens'': excellent, excelling.  
ensifor mis: sword-formed or –shaped.  
+
*''excelsus'': tall.  
 
+
*''excisus'': excised, cut away.  
entomoph ilus: insect-loving.  
+
*''exiguus'': little, small, poor.  
 
+
*''eximius'': distinguished, out of the ordinary.
eques tris: pertaining to the horse.  
+
*''exitiosus'': pernicious, destructive.  
 
+
*''exoletus'': mature, fully grown, dying away.  
equi nus: of horses.  
+
*''exoticus'': exotic, from another country.
 
+
*''expansus'': expanded.  
erec tus: erect, upright.  
+
*''exsculptus'': dug out, carved out.  
 
+
*''exsertus'': exserted, protruding from.  
erian thus: woolly-flowered.  
+
*''exsurgens'': rising up, standing up.  
 
+
*''extensus'': extended.  
ericoi des: erica-like, heath-like.  
+
*''exudans'': exuding.
 
 
eriocar pus: woolly-fruited.  
 
 
 
erioceph alus: woolly-headed.  
 
 
 
ero sus: erose, jagged, as if gnawed.  
 
 
 
errat icus: erratic, unusual, sporadic.  
 
 
 
erubes cens: blushing.  
 
 
 
erythrocar pus: red-fruited.  
 
 
 
erythroceph alus: red-headed.  
 
 
 
erythrop odus: red-footed, red-stalked.
 
 
 
erythrop terus: red-winged.  
 
 
 
esculen tus: esculent, edible.  
 
 
 
estria tus: without stripes.  
 
 
 
etubero sus: without tubers.  
 
 
 
europae us: Europeans.  
 
 
 
exalta tus: exalted, very tall.  
 
 
 
excava tus: excavated, hollowed out.  
 
 
 
excel lens: excellent, excelling.  
 
 
 
excel sus: tall.  
 
 
 
exci sus: excised, cut away.  
 
 
 
exig uus: little, small, poor.  
 
 
 
exim ius: distinguished, out of the ordinary.
 
 
 
exitio sus: pernicious, destructive.  
 
 
 
exole tus: mature, fully grown, dying away.  
 
 
 
exot icus: exotic, from another country.
 
 
 
expan sus: expanded.  
 
 
 
exsculp tus: dug out, carved out.  
 
 
 
exser tus: exserted, protruding from.  
 
 
 
exsur gens: rising up, standing up.  
 
 
 
exten sus: extended.  
 
 
 
exu dans: exuding.
 
 
 
 
==F==
 
==F==
faba ceus: faba-like, bean-like.
+
*''fabaceus'': faba-like, bean-like.
 
+
*''falcatus'': falcate, sickle-shaped or scythe-shaped.
falca tus: falcate, sickle-shaped or scythe-shaped.
+
*''falcifolius'': falcate-leaved.
 
+
*''falciformis'': sickle-formed.
falcifo lius: falcate-leaved.
+
*''fallax'': deceptive.
 
+
*''farinaceus'': containing farina or starch, or like flour; perhaps also farinose,
falcifor mis: sickle-formed.
+
*''farinifera'': farina-bearing.
 
+
*''farinosus'': farinose, mealy, powdery.
fa1 lax: deceptive.
+
*''fasciatus'': fasciate, abnormally flattened and broadened.
 
+
*''fascicularis'': fascicled, clustered, brought together.
farina ceus: containing farina or starch, or like flour; perhaps also farinose,
+
*''fasciculatus'': fascicled.
 
+
*''fascinator'': fascinating, charming.
farinif era: farina-bearing.
+
*''fastigiatus'': fastigiate, branches erect and close together.
 
+
*''fastuosus'': proud.
farino sus: farinose, mealy, powdery.
+
*''febrifugus'': febrifuge, fever-dispelling.
 
+
*''fenestralis'': with window-like openings.
fascia tus: fasciate, abnormally flattened and broadened.
+
*''ferox'': ferocious; very thorny.
 
+
*''ferreus'': pertaining to iron.
fascicula ris: fascicled, clustered, brought together.
+
*''ferrugineus'': rusty, of the colour of iron rust.
 
+
*''fertilis'': fertile, fruitful.
fascicula tus: fascicled.
+
*''festivus'': festive, gay, bright.
 
+
*''fibrosus'': fibrous, bearing prominent fibres.
fascina tor: fascinating, charming.
+
*''ficoldeus'': fig-like.
 
+
*''filamentosus'': filamentous, composed of threads or bearing threads.
fastigia tus: fastigiate, branches erect and close together.
+
*''filicatus'': fern-like, ferny.
 
+
*''filicifolius'': fern-leaved.
fastuo sus: proud.
+
*''filicinus'': fern-like.
 
+
*''fllicoides'': fern-like.
febrif ugus: febrifuge, fever-dispelling.
+
*''filifera'': bearing filaments or threads.
 
+
*''filifolius'': thread-leaved, with leaves cut into thread-like divisions.
fenestra lis: with window-like openings.
+
*''filiformis'': filiform, thread-like.
 
+
*''filipes'': with stalks thread-like.
fe rox: ferocious; very thorny.
+
*''fimbriatus'': fimbriated, fringed.
 
+
*''firmatus'': firm, made firm.
fer reus: pertaining to iron.
+
*''firmus'': firm, strong.
 
+
*''fissifolius'': split-leaved.
ferrugin eus: rusty, of the color of iron rust.
+
*''fissilis'': fissile, cleft or split.
 
+
*''fissus'': cleft, split.
fer tilis: fertile, fruitful.
+
*''fistulosus'': fistular, hollow-cylindrical.
 
+
*''flabellatus'': flabellate, with fan-like parts.
festi vus: festive, gay, bright.
+
*''flabelliformis'': fan-formed.
 
+
*''flaccidus'': flaccid, soft.
fibro sus: fibrous, bearing prominent fibers.
+
*''flagellaris'': flagellate, whip-like.
 
+
*''flagellatus'': whip-like.
ficold eus: fig-like.
+
*''flagelliformis'': whip-formed.
 
+
*''flagellum'': a scourge or flail.
filamento sus: filamentous, composed of threads or bearing threads.
+
*''flammeus'': flame-coloured.
 
+
*''flavescens'': yellowish, becoming yellow or yellowish.
filica tus: fern-like, ferny.
+
*''flavicomus'': yellow-wooled or -haired.
 
+
*''flavidus'': yellow, yellowish.
filicifo lius: fern-leaved.
+
*''fiavispinus'': yellow-spined.
 
+
*''flavissimus'': very yellow, deep yellow.
filici nus: fern-like.
+
*''flavus'': yellow.
 
+
*''flexilis'': flexible, pliant.
fllicoi des: fern-like.
+
*''flexuosus'': flexuose, tortuous, zig-zag.
 
+
*''floccosus'': woolly.
filif era: bearing filaments or threads.
+
*''flore-albo'': with white flowers.
 
+
*''florentinus'': Florentine.
filifo lius: thread-leaved, with leaves cut into thread-like divisions.
+
*''flore-pleno'': with full or double flowers.
 
+
*''floribundus'': free-flowering, blooming profusely.
filifor mis: filiform, thread-like.
+
*''floridus'': flowering, full of flowers.
 
+
*''fluitans'': floating.
fil ipes: with stalks thread-like.
+
*''fluviatilis'': pertaining to a river.
 
+
*''foemina'': female.
fimbria tus: fimbriated, fringed.
+
*''foeniculaceus'': fennel-like.
 
+
*''foetidissimus'': very fetid.
firma tus: firm, made firm.
+
*''foetidus'': fetid, bad-smelling.
 
+
*''foliatus'': with leaves.
fir mus: firm, strong.
+
*''foliolatus'': with leaflets.
 
+
*''foliosus'': leafy, full of leaves.
fissifo lius: split-leaved.
+
*''follicularis'': bearing follicles, follicled.
 
+
*''forficatus'': shear-shaped.
fis silis: fissile, cleft or split.
+
*''formicaeformis'': ant-shaped, ant-like,
 
+
*''formosissimus'': most or very beautiful.
fis sus: cleft, split.
+
*''formosus'': beautiful, handsome.
 
+
*''foveatus'': pitted.
fistulo sus: fistular, hollow-cylindrical.
+
*''fragilis'': fragile, brittle.
 
+
*''fragrans'': fragrant, odoroua.
flabella tus: flabellate, with fan-like parts.
+
*''fragrantissimus'': very fragrant.
 
+
*''fraxineus'': fraxinous, like Fraxinus or ash trees.
flabellifor mis: fan-formed.
+
*''frigidus'': cold, of cold regions.
 
+
*''frondosus'': fronded, leafy.
flac cidus: flaccid, soft.
+
*''fructifera'': fruit-bearing, fruitful.
 
+
*''fructigenus'': fruitful.
flagella ris: flagellate, whip-like.
+
*''frutescens'': shrubby, bushy.
 
+
*''fruticosus'': fruticose, shrubby, bushy.
flagella tus: whip-like.
+
*''fucatus'': painted, dyed.
 
+
*''fugax'': swift.
flagellifor mis: whip-formed.
+
*''fulgens'': shining, glistening.
 
+
*''fulgidus'': fulgid, shining.
flagel lum: a scourge or flail.
+
*''fuliginosus'': soot coloured.
 
+
*''fulvescens'': fulvous or becoming fulvous.
flam meus: flame-colored.
+
*''fulvus'': fulvous, tawny, orange-gray-yellow.
 
+
*''funalis'': of a rope or cord.
flaves cens: yellowish, becoming yellow or yellowish.
+
*''funebris'': funereal.
 
+
*''fungosus'': fungous, pertaining to a fungus, spongy.
flavic omus: yellow-wooled or -haired.
+
*''funiculatus'': of a slender rope or cord; with a funicle (stalk of an ovule or seed).
 
+
*''furcans'': forked.
flav idus: yellow, yellowish.
+
*''furcatus'': furcate, forked.
 
+
*''fuscus'': fuscous, brown, dusky.
fiavispi nus: yellow-spined.
+
*''fusiformis'': spindle-shaped.
 
 
flavis simus: very yellow, deep yellow.
 
 
 
fla vus: yellow.
 
 
 
flex ilis: flexible, pliant.
 
 
 
flexuo sus: flexuose, tortuous, zig-zag.
 
 
 
flocco sus: woolly.
 
 
 
flo re-al bo: with white flowers.
 
 
 
florenti nus: Florentine.
 
 
 
flo re-ple no: with full or double flowers.
 
 
 
floribun dus: free-flowering, blooming profusely.
 
 
 
flor idus: flowering, full of flowers.
 
 
 
flu itans: floating.
 
 
 
fluviat ilis: pertaining to a river.
 
 
 
foem ina: female.
 
 
 
foenicula ceus: fennel-like.
 
 
 
foetidis simus: very fetid.
 
 
 
foet idus: fetid, bad-smelling.
 
 
 
folia tus: with leaves.
 
 
 
foliola tus: with leaflets.
 
 
 
folio sus: leafy, full of leaves.
 
 
 
follicula ris: bearing follicles, follicled.
 
 
 
forfica tus: shear-shaped.
 
 
 
formicaefor mis: ant-shaped, ant-like,
 
 
 
formosis simus: most or very beautiful.
 
 
 
formo sus: beautiful, handsome.
 
 
 
fovea tus: pitted.
 
 
 
frag ilis: fragile, brittle.
 
 
 
fra grans: fragrant, odoroua.
 
 
 
fragrantis simus: very fragrant.
 
 
 
fraxin eus: fraxinous, like Fraxinus or ash trees.
 
 
 
frig idus: cold, of cold regions.
 
 
 
frondo sus: fronded, leafy.
 
 
 
fructif era: fruit-bearing, fruitful.
 
 
 
fructig enus: fruitful.
 
 
 
frutes cens: shrubby, bushy.
 
 
 
frutico sus: fruticose, shrubby, bushy.
 
 
 
fuca tus: painted, dyed.
 
 
 
fu gax: swift.
 
 
 
ful gens: shining, glistening.
 
 
 
fulg idus: fulgid, shining.
 
 
 
fuligino sus: black-painted or -colored, sooty.
 
 
 
fulves cens: fulvous or becoming fulvous.
 
 
 
fulvus: fulvous, tawny, orange-gray-yellow.
 
 
 
funa lis: of a rope or cord.
 
 
 
fu nebris: funereal.
 
 
 
fungo sus: fungous, pertaining to a fungus, spongy.
 
 
 
funicula tus: of a slender rope or cord; with a funicle (stalk of an ovule or seed).
 
 
 
fur cans: forked.
 
 
 
furca tus: furcate, forked.
 
 
 
fus cus: fuscous, brown, dusky.
 
 
 
fusifor mis: spindle-shaped.
 
 
 
 
==G==
 
==G==
galericula tus: helmet-like.
+
*''galericulatus'': helmet-like.
 
+
*''gallicus'': of Gaul or France; also pertaining to a cock or rooster.
gal licus: of Gaul or France; also pertaining to a cock or rooster.
+
*''gandavensis'': belonging to Ghent, Belgium.
 
+
*''garganicus'': belonging to Gargano (Eastern Italy).
gandaven sis: belonging to Ghent, Belgium.
+
*''gelidus'': ice-cold.
 
+
*''geminatus'': twin.
gargan icus: belonging to Gargano (Eastern Italy).
+
*''geminiflorus'': twin-flowered.
 
+
*''gemmatus'': gemmed, jewelled; also bearing buds.
gel idus: ice-cold.
+
*''gemmifera'': bud-bearing.
 
+
*''genevensis'': belonging to Geneva.
gemina tus: twin.
+
*''geniculatus'': jointed, kneed.
 
+
*''geoides'': of the earth.
geminiflo rus: twin-flowered.
+
*''geometricus'': geometrical, in a pattern.
 
+
*''germanicus'': German, of Germany.
gemma tus: gemmed, jewelled; also bearing buds.
+
*''gibberosus'': humped, hunchbacked.
 
+
*''gibbiflorus'': gibbous-flowered.
gemmif era: bud-bearing.
+
*''gibbosus'': swollen on one side.
 
+
*''gibbus'': gibbous, swollen on one side.
geneven sis: belonging to Geneva.
+
*''giganteus'': gigantic, very large.
 
+
*''giganticus'': gigantic.
genicula tus: jointed, kneed.
+
*''gigas'': of giants, immense.
 
+
*''glabellus'': smoothish.
geoi des: of the earth.
+
*''glaber'': glabrous, smooth.
 
+
*''glaberrimus'': most smooth, smoothest.
geomet ricus: geometrical, in a pattern.
+
*''glabratus'': somewhat glabrous or smooth.
 
+
*''glabrescens'': smoothish, or becoming so.
german icus: German, of Germany.
+
*''glacialis'': icy, frozen.
 
+
*''gladiatus'': sword-like.
gibbero sus: humped, hunchbacked.
+
*''glandulifera'': gland-bearing.
 
+
*''glandulosus'': glandular.
gibbiflo rus: gibbous-flowered.
+
*''glastifolius'': with leaves like the dyer's woad (Isatis, once called Glastum).
 
+
*''glaucescens'': glaucescent, becoming glaucous.
gibbo sus: swollen on one side.
+
*''glaucifolius'': glaucous-leaved
 
+
*''glaucophyllus'': glaucous-leaved.
gib bus: gibbous, swollen on one side.
+
*''glaucus'': glaucous, with a bloom, grayish.
 
+
*''globosus'': globose, spherical, nearly or quite globular.
gigante us: gigantic, very large.
+
*''globularis'': of a little ball or sphere.
 
+
*''globulifera'': globule-bearing, globe-bearing.
gigant icus: gigantic.
+
*''globulosus'': globuled, like a little ball.  
 
+
*''glomeratus'': glomerate, clustered.  
gi gas: of giants, immense.
+
*''gloriosus'': glorious, superb.
 
+
*''glumaceus'': glumed, with glumes or glume-like structures.  
glabel lus: smoothish.
+
*''glutinosus'': glutinous, gluey, sticky.  
 
+
*''gongylodes'': roundish.  
gla ber: glabrous, smooth.
+
*''gracilentus'': slender.  
 
+
*''gracilis'': graceful, slender.  
glaber rimus: most smooth, smoothest.
+
*''gracillimus'': graceful, very slender.  
 
+
*''graecus'': of Greece, Greek.  
glabra tus: somewhat glabrous or smooth.
+
*''gramineus'': grassy, grass-like.  
 
+
*''graminifolius'': grass-leaved.  
glabres cens: smoothish, or becoming so.
+
*''grandiceps'': large-headed.  
 
+
*''grandicuspis'': with large cusps or points.
glacia lis: icy, frozen.
+
*''grandidentatus'': large-or big-toothed.  
 
+
*''grandiflorus'': large-flowered.  
gladia tus: sword-like.
+
*''grandifolius'': large-leaved.  
 
+
*''grandiformis'': on a large scale, of a big kind.
glandulif era: gland-bearing.
+
*''grandipunctatus'': with large spots.  
 
+
*''grandis'': large, big.  
glandulo sus: glandular.
+
*''granulatus'': granulate, covered with minute grains.
 
+
*''granulosus'': granulate, granulose.  
glastifo lius: with leaves like the dyer's woad (Isatis, once called Glastum).
+
*''gratissimus'': very pleasing or agreeable.
 
+
*''gratus'': pleasing, agreeable.  
glauces cens: glaucescent, becoming glaucous.
+
*''graveolens'': heavy-scented.  
 
+
*''groenlandicus'': of Greenland.  
glaucifo lius: glaucous-leaved
+
*''guianensis'': of Guiana (South America).
 
+
*''guineensis'': of Guinea (Africa).  
glaucophyl lus: glaucous-leaved.
+
*''gummifera'': gum-bearing.  
 
+
*''guttatus'': spotted, speckled.  
glau cus: glaucous, with a bloom, grayish.
+
*''gymnocarpus'': naked-fruited.  
 
+
*''gyrans'': gyrating, revolving in a circle.
globo sus: globose, spherical, nearly or quite globular.
 
 
 
globula ris: of a little ball or sphere.
 
 
 
globulif era: globule-bearing, globe-bearing.
 
 
 
globulo sus: globuled, like a little ball.  
 
 
 
glomera tus: glomerate, clustered.  
 
 
 
glorio sus: glorious, superb.
 
 
 
gluma ceus: glumed, with glumes or glume-like structures.  
 
 
 
glutino sus: glutinous, gluey, sticky.  
 
 
 
gongylo des: roundish.  
 
 
 
gracilen tus: slender.  
 
 
 
grac ilis: graceful, slender.  
 
 
 
gracil limus: graceful, very slender.  
 
 
 
grae cus: of Greece, Greek.  
 
 
 
gramin eus: grassy, grass-like.  
 
 
 
graminifo lius: grass-leaved.  
 
 
 
gran diceps: large-headed.  
 
 
 
grandicus pis: with large cusps or points.
 
 
 
grandidenta tus: large-or big-toothed.  
 
 
 
grandiflo rus: large-flowered.  
 
 
 
grandifo lius: large-leaved.  
 
 
 
grandifor mis: on a large scale, of a big kind.
 
 
 
grandipuncta tus: with large spots.  
 
 
 
gran dis: large, big.  
 
 
 
granula tus: granulate, covered with minute grains.
 
 
 
granulo sus: granulate, granulose.  
 
 
 
gratis simus: very pleasing or agreeable.
 
 
 
gra tus: pleasing, agreeable.  
 
 
 
grave olens: heavy-scented.  
 
 
 
groenland icus: of Greenland.  
 
 
 
guianen sis: of Guiana (South America).
 
 
 
guineen sis: of Guinea (Africa).  
 
 
 
gummif era: gum-bearing.  
 
 
 
gutta tus: spotted, speckled.  
 
 
 
gymnocar pus: naked-fruited.  
 
 
 
gy rans: gyrating, revolving in a circle.
 
 
 
 
==H==
 
==H==
haeman thus: blood-red-flowered.
+
*''haemanthus'': blood-red-flowered.
 
+
*''hamatus'': hooked.
hama tus: hooked.
+
*''hamosus'': hooked.
 
+
*''harpophyllus'': sickle-leaved.
hamo sus: hooked.
+
*''hastatus'': hastate, spear-shaped.
 
+
*''hastifera'': spear-bearing.
harpophyl lus: sickle-leaved.
+
*''hastilis'': of a javelin or spear.
 
+
*''hebecarpus'': pubescent-fruited.
hasta tus: hastate, spear-shaped.
+
*''hederaceus'': of the ivy (Hedera).
 
+
*''helianthus'': sunflower.
hastif era: spear-bearing.
+
*''helveticus'': Swiss, of Helvetia (Switzerland).
 
+
*''helvolus'': pale yellow.
hasti lis: of a javelin or spear.
+
*''hemisphaericus'': hemispherical.
 
+
*''heptaphyllus'': seven-leaved.
hebecar pus: pubescent-fruited.
+
*''herbaceus'': herbaceous, dying to the ground and not woody.
 
+
*''herbariorum'': of the herbaria.
hedera ceus: of the ivy (Hedera).
+
*''heteracanthus'': various-spined.
 
+
*''heteranthus'': various-flowered, variable in flowers.
helian thus: sunflower.
+
*''heterocarpus'': various-fruited.
 
+
*''heterodon'': various-toothed.
helvet icus: Swiss, of Helvetia (Switzerland).
+
*''heteroglossus'': various-tongued.
 
+
*''heteromorphus'': various in form.
hel volus: pale yellow.
+
*''heterophyllus'': various-leaved, with leaves of more than one shape.
 
+
*''hexagonopterus'': six-angled-winged.
hemisphaer icus: hemispherical.
+
*''hexagonus'': hexagonal, six-angled.
 
+
*''hexapetalus'': six-petaled.
heptaphyl lus: seven-leaved.
+
*''hians'': open, gaping.
 
+
*''hibernalis'': of or pertaining to winter.
herba ceus: herbaceous, dying to the ground and not woody.
+
*''hibernicus'': Hibernian, of or pertaining to Ireland.
 
+
*''hieroglyphicus'': hieroglyphic, marked as if with signs.
herbario rum: of the herbaria.
+
*''himalaicus'': Himalayan.
 
+
*''hircinus'': of a goat, with a goat's odor.
heteracan thus: various-spined.
+
*''hirsutissimus'': very hairy, most hairy.
 
+
*''hirsutulus'': somewhat hirsute or hairy.
heteran thus: various-flowered, variable in flowers.
+
*''hirsutus'': hirsute, hairy.
 
+
*''hirtellus'': somewhat hairy.
heterocar pus: various-fruited.
+
*''hirtiflorus'': hairy-flowered.
 
+
*''hirtipes'': hairy-stalked or-stemmed.
heter odon: various-toothed.
+
*''hirtus'': hairy.
 
+
*''hispanicus'': Spanish, of Spain.
heteroglos sus: various-tongued.
+
*''hispidissimus'': most or very bristly.
 
+
*''hispidulus'': somewhat hispid or bristly.
heteromor phus: various in form.
+
*''hispidus'': hispid, bristly.
 
+
*''histrionicus'': histrionic, pertaining to the stage or to actors.
heterophyl lus: various-leaved, with leaves of more than one shape.
+
*''holosericeus'': woolly-silky. .
 
+
*''horizontalis'': horizontal.
hexagonop terus: six-angled-winged.
+
*''horridus'': provided with spines or barbs, prickly.
 
+
*''hortensis'': belonging to the hortus or garden.
hexago nus: hexagonal, six-angled.
+
*''horticolus'': a little garden; of the garden.
 
+
*''hortorum'': of gardens.
hexapet alus: six-petaled.
+
*''hortulanus'': pertaining to a garden.
 
+
*''humifusus'': sprawling on the ground.
hi ans: open, gaping.
+
*''humilis'': low-growing, dwarf.
 
+
*''hyacinthinus'': hyacinthine, sapphire- coloured.
hiberna lis: of or pertaining to winter.
+
*''hyacinthoides'': like the hyacinth.
 
+
*''hyalinus'': transparent, translucent.
hiber nicus: Hibernian, of or pertaining to Ireland.
+
*''hybridus'': hybrid, mixed, mongrel.
 
+
*''hyemalis'': of winter; also hiemalis.
hieroglyph icus: hieroglyphic, marked as if with signs.
+
*''hygrometricus'': hygrometric, taking up water.
 
+
*''hymenanthus'': membranaceous-flowered.
himala icus: Himalayan.
+
*''hymenodes'': membrane-like.
 
+
*''hyperboreus'': far northern.
hirci nus: of a goat, with a goat's odor.
+
*''hypocrateriformis'': salver-shaped, flower with a slender cylindrical tube and flat spreading limb.
 
+
*''hypogaeus'': underground, subterranean.
hirsutis simus: very hairy, most hairy.
+
*''hypoglaucus'': glaucous beneath.
 
+
*''hypoleucus'': whitish, pale.
hirsu tulus: somewhat hirsute or hairy.
+
*''hypophyllus'': under the leaf.
 
+
*''hystrix'': porcupine-like, bristly.
hirsu tus: hirsute, hairy.
 
 
 
hirtel lus: somewhat hairy.
 
 
 
hirtiflo rus: hairy-flowered.
 
 
 
hir tipes: hairy-stalked or-stemmed.
 
 
 
hir tus: hairy.
 
 
 
hispan icus: Spanish, of Spain.
 
 
 
hispid is simus: most or very bristly.
 
 
 
hispid ulus: somewhat hispid or bristly.
 
 
 
his pidus: hispid, bristly.
 
 
 
histrion icus: histrionic, pertaining to the stage or to actors.
 
 
 
holoseric eus: woolly-silky. .
 
 
 
horizonta lis: horizontal.
 
 
 
hor ridus: provided with spines or barbs, prickly.
 
 
 
horten sis: belonging to the hortus or garden.
 
 
 
hortic olus: a little garden; of the garden.
 
 
 
horto rum: of gardens.
 
 
 
hortula nus: pertaining to a garden.
 
 
 
humifu sus: sprawling on the ground.
 
 
 
hu milis: low-growing, dwarf.
 
 
 
hyacinth inus: hyacinthine, sapphire- colored.
 
 
 
hyacinthoi des: like the hyacinth.
 
 
 
hyal inus: transparent, translucent.
 
 
 
hyb ridus: hybrid, mixed, mongrel.
 
 
 
hyema lis: of winter; also hiemalis.
 
 
 
hygromet ricus: hygrometric, taking up water.
 
 
 
hymenan thus: membranaceous-flowered.
 
 
 
hymeno des: membrane-like.
 
 
 
hyperbo reus: far northern.
 
 
 
hypocraterifor mis: salver-shaped, flower with a slender cylindrical tube and flat spreading limb.
 
 
 
hypogae us: underground, subterranean.
 
 
 
hypoglau cus: glaucous beneath.
 
 
 
hypoleu cus: whitish, pale.
 
 
 
hypophyl lus: under the leaf.
 
 
 
hys trix: porcupine-like, bristly.
 
 
 
 
==I==
 
==I==
ian thinus: violet, violet-blue.
+
*''ianthinus'': violet, violet-blue.
 
+
*''ibericus'': of Iberia (the Spanish peninsula).
iber icus: of Iberia (the Spanish peninsula).
+
*''icosandrus'': twenty-stamened.
 
+
*''ignescens'': fiery.
icosan drus: twenty-stamened.
+
*''igneus'': fiery.
 
+
*''ilicifolius'': ilex-leaved, holly-leaved.
ignes cens: fiery.
+
*''illustratus'': pictured.
 
+
*''illustris'': bright, brilliant, lustrous.
ig neus: fiery.
+
*''illyricus'': of Illyria (classic landscape, roughly equal to Dalmatia).
 
+
*''ilvensis'': of Ilva, the Mediterranean island of Elba.
ilicifo lius: ilex-leaved, holly-leaved.
+
*''imberbis'': without beards or spines.
 
+
*''imbricans'': imbricating.
illustra tus: pictured.
+
*''imbricatus'': imbricated, lapping over, shingled.
 
+
*''immaculatus'': immaculate, spotless.
illus tris: bright, brilliant, lustrous.
+
*''immersus'': immersed, under water.
 
+
*''imperator'': commanding, imperious.
illyr icus: of Illyria (Grecian Peninsula).
+
*''imperialis'': imperial, kingly.
 
+
*''implexus'': implicated, interwoven.
imber bis: without beards or spines.
+
*''impressus'': impressed, sunken in.
 
+
*''inaequalifolius'': unequal-leaved.
im bricans: imbricating.
+
*''inaequalis'': unequal.
 
+
*''inaequilaterus'': unequal-sided.
imbrica tus: imbricated, lapping over, shingled.
+
*''incanus'': hoary.
 
+
*''incarnatus'': flesh-coloured.
immacula tus: immaculate, spotless.
+
*''incertus'': uncertain, doubtful.
 
+
*''incisifolius'': cut-leaved.
immer sus: immersed, under water.
+
*''incisus'': incised, cut.
 
+
*''inclinatus'': inclined, bent downward.
impera tor: commanding, imperious.
+
*''incomparabilis'': incomparable, excelling.
 
+
*''incomptus'': rude, unadorned, not attractive.
imperia lis: imperial, kingly.
+
*''inconspicuus'': inconspicuous, not prominent.
 
+
*''incurvatus'': incurved, bent inward.
implex us: implicated, interwoven.
+
*''incurvus'': incurved.
 
+
*''indentatus'': indented, dented
impres sus: impressed, sunken in.
+
*''indicus'': Indian, of India or the East Indies.
 
+
*''indivisus'': undivided.
inaequalifo lius: unequal-leaved.
+
*''inermis'': unarmed, without thorns or spines.
 
+
*''infectorius'': used for dying, pertaining to dyes.
inaequa lis: unequal.
+
*''infestus'': dangerous, unsafe.
 
+
*''inflatus'': inflated, swollen up.
inaequilat erus: unequal-sided.
+
*''infortunatus'': unfortunate.
 
+
*''infractus'': broken.
inca nus: hoary.
+
*''infundibuliformis'': funnel-shaped, trumpet-shaped.
 
+
*''infundibulum'': a funnel.
incarna tus: flesh-colored.
+
*''inodorus'': without odor, scentless.
 
+
*''inornatus'': without ornament, not showy.
incer tus: uncertain, doubtful.
+
*''inquinans'': polluting, discolouring.
 
+
*''inscriptus'': inscribed, written on.
incisifo lius: cut-leaved.
+
*''insignis'': remarkable, distinguished, marked.
 
+
*''insititius'': grafted.
inci sus: incised, cut.
+
*''intactus'': intact, untouched.
 
+
*''integer'': entire.
inclina tus: inclined, bent downward.
+
*''integerrimus'': very entire.
 
+
*''integrifolius'': entire-leaved.
incomparab ilis: incomparable, excelling.
+
*''interjectus'': interjected, put between.
 
+
*''intermedius'': intermediate.
incomp tus: rude, unadorned, not attractive.
+
*''interruptus'': interrupted.
 
+
*''intertextus'': interwoven, intertwined.
inconspic uus: inconspicuous, not prominent.
+
*''intricatus'': intricate, entangled.
 
+
*''introrsus'': introrse, turned inward.
incurva tus: incurved, bent inward.
+
*''intumescens'': swollen, puffed up, tumid.
 
+
*''intybaceus'': pertaining to chicory (Intybus).
incur vus: incurved.
+
*''inversus'': inverse, turned over, upside down.
 
+
*''invisus'': unseen, overlooked.
indenta tus: indented, dented
+
*''involucratus'': involucred, with an involucre.
 
+
*''involutus'': involute, rolled inward.
in dicus: Indian, of India or the East Indies.
+
*''ionanthus'': with flowers like the violet.
 
+
*''ionopterus'': with wings like the violet.
indivi sus: undivided.
+
*''iridescens'': iridescent.
 
+
*''iridiflorus'': iris-flowered.
iner mis: unarmed, without thorns or spines.
+
*''irregularis'': irregular.
 
+
*''isandrus'': with equal stamens.
infecto rius: used for dying, pertaining to dyes.
+
*''isopetalus'': equal-petaled.
 
+
*''isophyllus'': equal-leaved.
infes tus: dangerous, unsafe.
+
*''italicus'': Italian.
 
 
infla tus: inflated, swollen up.
 
 
 
infortuna tus: unfortunate.
 
 
 
infrac tus: broken.
 
 
 
infundibulifor mis: funnel-shaped, trumpet-shaped.
 
 
 
infundib ulum: a funnel.
 
 
 
inodo rus: without odor, scentless.
 
 
 
inorna tus: without ornament, not showy.
 
 
 
in quinans: polluting, discoloring.
 
 
 
inscrip tus: inscribed, written on.
 
 
 
insig nis: remarkable, distinguished, marked.
 
 
 
insitit ius: grafted.
 
 
 
intac tus: intact, untouched.
 
 
 
in teger: entire.
 
 
 
integer rimus: very entire.
 
 
 
integrifo lius: entire-leaved.
 
 
 
interjec tus: interjected, put between.
 
 
 
interme dius: intermediate.
 
 
 
interrup tus: interrupted.
 
 
 
intertex tus: interwoven, intertwined.
 
 
 
intrica tus: intricate, entangled.
 
 
 
intror sus: introrse, turned inward.
 
 
 
intumes cens: swollen, puffed up, tumid.
 
 
 
intyba ceus: pertaining to chicory (Intybus).
 
 
 
inver sus: inverse, turned over, upside down.
 
 
 
invi sus: unseen, overlooked.
 
 
 
involucra tus: involucred, with an involucre.
 
 
 
involu tus: involute, rolled inward.
 
 
 
ionan thus: with flowers like the violet.
 
 
 
ionop terus: with wings like the violet.
 
 
 
irides cens: iridescent, changing color at different angles.
 
 
 
iridiflo rus: iris-flowered.
 
 
 
irregula ris: irregular.
 
 
 
isan drus: with equal stamens.
 
 
 
isopet alus: equal-petaled.
 
 
 
isophyl lus: equal-leaved.
 
 
 
ital icus: Italian.
 
 
 
 
==J==
 
==J==
jamaicen sis: of Jamaica.
+
*''jamaicensis'': of Jamaica.
 
+
*''japonicus'': Japanese, of Japan.
japon icus: Japanese, of Japan.
+
*''jasmineus'': jasmine-like.
 
+
*''jasminiflorus'': jasmine-flowered.
jasmin eus: jasmine-like.
+
*''javanicus'': Javan, of Java.
 
+
*''Jubatus'': crested, with a mane.
jasminiflo rus: jasmine-flowered.
+
*''jucundus'': agreeable, pleasing.
 
+
*''jugosus'': joined, yoked.
javan icus: Javan, of Java.
+
*''junceus'': Juncus-like, rush-like.
 
 
Juba tus: crested, with a mane.
 
 
 
jucun dus: agreeable, pleasing.
 
 
 
jugo sus: joined, yoked.
 
 
 
jun ceus: Juncus-like, rush-like.
 
 
 
 
==K==
 
==K==
kashmiria nus: of Cashmere or Kashmere.  
+
*''kashmirianus'': of Cashmere or Kashmere.  
 
+
*''kewensis'': belonging to Kew (Kew Gardens, England).  
kewen sis: belonging to Kew (Kew Gardens, England).  
+
*''koraianus'': of Corea; also coreanus.
 
 
koraia nus: of Corea; also coreanus.
 
 
 
 
==L==
 
==L==
labia tus: labiate, lipped.
+
*''labiatus'': labiate, lipped.
 
+
*''labiosus'': lipped.
labio sus: lipped.
+
*''lachryma'': a tear.
 
+
*''laciniatus'': laciniate, torn, cut or slashed into narrow lobes.
lach ryma: a tear.
+
*''laciniosus'': laciniose, laciniate.
 
+
*''lactatus'': milky.
lacinia tus: laciniate, torn, cut or slashed into narrow lobes.
+
*''lacteus'': milk-white.
 
+
*''lacticolor'': milk-coloured.
lacinio sus: laciniose, laciniate.
+
*''lactifera'': milk-bearing, milky-juiced.
 
+
*''lactiflorus'': flowers milk-coloured.
lacta tus: milky.
+
*''lacunosus'': witn holes or pits.
 
+
*''lacustris'': pertaining to lakes.
lac teus: milk-white.
+
*''ladanifera'': ladanum-bearing.
 
+
*''laetevirens'': light green, vivid green.
lactic olor: milk-colored.
+
*''laetus'': bright, vivid.
 
+
*''laevicaulis'': smooth-stemmed.
lactif era: milk-bearing, milky-juiced.
+
*''laevigatus'': smooth.
 
+
*''laevipes'': smooth-footed, smooth-stalked.
lactiflo rus: flowers milk-colored.
+
*''laevis'': smooth.
 
+
*''laeviusculus'': smoothish, somewhat smooth.
lacuno sus: witn holes or pits.
+
*''lanatus'': woolly.
 
+
*''lanceolatus'': lanceolate.
lacus tris: pertaining to lakes.
+
*''lanceus'': lance-like.
 
+
*''lancifolius'': lance-leaved.
ladanif era: ladanum-bearing.
+
*''lanigera'': wool-bearing.
 
+
*''lanuginosus'': woolly, downy.
laetev irens: light green, vivid green.
+
*''lappaceus'': pertaining to a globular hooked bur; Lappa-like.
 
+
*''lapponicus'': of Lapland.
lae tus: bright, vivid.
+
*''laricifolius'': larch-leaved.
 
+
*''laricinus'': Larix-like, larch-like.
laevicau lis: smooth-stemmed.
+
*''lasiocarpus'': rough-fruited, rough-hairy.
 
+
*''lasiopetalus'': with petals rough-hairy.
laeviga tus: smooth.
+
*''lateriflorus'': lateral-flowered, with flowers on the side.
 
+
*''lateritius'': brick-red.
laev ipes: smooth-footed, smooth-stalked.
+
*''latifolius'': broad-leaved.
 
+
*''latifrons'': broad-fronded, broad-herbaged, broad-leaved.
lae vis: smooth.
+
*''latimaculatus'': broad-spotted.
 
+
*''latipes'': broad-footed, broad-stalked.
laevius culus: smoothish, somewhat smooth.
+
*''latissimus'': broadest, very broad.
 
+
*''latus'': broad, wide.
lana tus: woolly.
+
*''laurifolius'': laurel-leaved.
 
+
*''laurinus'': laurel-like.
lanceola tus: lanceolate.
+
*''lavandulaceus'': lavender-like.
 
+
*''laxiflorus'': loose-flowered.
lan ceus: lance-like.
+
*''laxifolius'': loose-leaved.
 
+
*''laxus'': lax, open, loose.
lancifo lius: lance-leaved.
+
*''leianthus'': smooth-flowered.
 
+
*''leiocarpus'': smooth-fruited.
lanig era: wool-bearing.
+
*''leiophyllus'': smooth-leaved.
 
+
*''lenticularis'': lenticular, lens-shaped.
lanugino sus: woolly, downy.
+
*''lentus'': pliant, tenacious, tough.
 
+
*''leontoglossus'': lion-tongued or -throated.
lappa ceus: pertaining to a globular hooked bur; Lappa-like.
+
*''leopardinus'': leopard-spotted.
 
+
*''lepidophyllus'': scaly-leaved.
lappon icus: of Lapland.
+
*''leprosus'': of leprosy, scurfy.
 
+
*''leptocaulis'': thin-stemmed, slender-stemmed.
laricifo lius: larch-leaved.
+
*''leptocladus'': thin-stemmed or -branched.
 
+
*''leptolepis'': thin-scaled.
laric inus: Larix-like, larch-like.
+
*''leptophyllus'': thin-or slender-leaved.
 
+
*''leptosepalus'': thin-sepaled.
lasiocar pus: rough-fruited, rough-hairy.
+
*''leptopus'': thin- or slender-stalked.
 
+
*''leucanthus'': white-flowered.
lasiopet alus: with petals rough-hairy.
+
*''leucobotrys'': with white clusters.
 
+
*''leucocephalus'': white-headed.
lateriflo rus: lateral-flowered, with flowers on the side.
+
*''leuconeurus'': white-nerved.
 
+
*''leucophyllus'': white-leaved.
laterit ius: brick-red.
+
*''leucorhizus'': white-rooted.
 
+
*''liburnicus'': of Liburnia (west of Adriatic).
latifo lius: broad-leaved.
+
*''lignosus'': woody.
 
+
*''ligularis'': ligulate, strap-shaped.
lat ifrons: broad-fronded, broad-herbaged, broad-leaved.
+
*''lilacinus'': lilac.
 
+
*''liliiflorus'': lily-flowered.
latimacula tus: broad-spotted.
+
*''limbatus'': bordered.
 
+
*''limosus'': of muddy or marshy places.
lat ipes: broad-footed, broad-stalked.
+
*''linariifolius'': linaria-leaved.
 
+
*''linearifolius'': linear-leaved.
latis simus: broadest, very broad.
+
*''linearilobus'': linear-lobed.
 
+
*''linearis'': linear.
la tus: broad, wide.
+
*''lineatus'': lined, with lines or stripes.
 
+
*''lingulatus'': tongue-shaped.
laurifo lius: laurel-leaved.
+
*''linifolius'': linum-leaved, flax-leaved.
 
+
*''linophyllus'': flax-leaved.
lauri nus: laurel-like.
+
*''lithospermus'': with seeds stone-like.
 
+
*''littorulis'': of the seashore.
lavandula ceus: lavender-like.
+
*''lividus'': livid, bluish.
 
+
*''lobatus'': lobed.
laxiflo rus: loose-flowered.
+
*''lobularis'': lobed.
 
+
*''loliaceus'': Lolium-like (Lolium comprises the rye-grasses).
laxifo lius: loose-leaved.
+
*''longebracteatus'': long-bracted.
 
+
*''longepedunculatus'': long-pedunculate.
lax us: lax, open, loose.
+
*''longicaudatus'': long-tailed.
 
+
*''longiflorus'': long-flowered.
leian thus: smooth-flowered.
+
*''longifolius'': long-leaved.
 
+
*''longihamatus'': long-hooked.
leiocar pus: smooth-fruited.
+
*''longilaminatus'': with long laminae or plates.
 
+
*''longilobus'': long-lobed.
leiophyl lus: smooth-leaved.
+
*''longimucronatus'': long-mucronate.
 
+
*''1ongipes'': long-footed, long-stalked.
lenticula ris: lenticular, lens-shaped.
+
*''longipetalus'': long-petaled.
 
+
*''longipinnatus'': long-pinnate.
len tus: pliant, tenacious, tough.
+
*''longiracemosus'': long-racemed.
 
+
*''longiscapus'': long-scaped.
leontoglos sus: lion-tongued or -throated.
+
*''longisepalus'': long-sepaled.
 
+
*''longispathus'': long-spathed.
leopardi nus: leopard-spotted.
+
*''longispinus'': long-spined.
 
+
*''longissimus'': longest, very long.
lepidophyl lus: scaly-leaved.
+
*''longistylus'': long-stalked.
 
+
*''longus'': long.  
lepro sus: of leprosy, scurfy.
+
*''lorifolius'': strap-leaved.
 
+
*''lucidus'': lucid, bright, shining, clear.
leptocau lis: thin-stemmed, slender-stemmed.
+
*''ludovicianus'': of Louisiana.
 
+
*''lugdunensis'': belonging to the region of Lyons.
leptoc ladus: thin-stemmed or -branched.
+
*''lunatus'': lunate, moon-shaped, moon-like, crescent-shaped.
 
+
*''lunulatus'': somewhat moon-shaped.
leptol epis: thin-scaled.
+
*''lupulinus'': Lupulus-like, hop-like.
 
+
*''luridus'': lurid, wan, sallow, pale yellow.
leptophyl lus: thin-or slender-leaved.
+
*''luteolus'': yellowish.
 
+
*''lutescens'': yellowish, becoming yellow.
leptosep alus: thin-sepaled.
+
*''luteas'': yellow.  
 
+
*''luxunans'': luxuriant, thrifty.  
lep topus: thin- or slender-stalked.
+
*''lyratus'': lyrate, pinnatifid with large terminal lobe.
 
 
leucan thus: white-flowered.
 
 
 
leucob otrys: with white clusters.
 
 
 
leucoceph alus: white-headed.
 
 
 
leuconeu rus: white-nerved.
 
 
 
leucophyl lus: white-leaved.
 
 
 
leucorhi zus: white-rooted.
 
 
 
libur nicus: of Liburnia (west of Adriatic).
 
 
 
ligno sus: woody.
 
 
 
ligula ris: ligulate, strap-shaped.
 
 
 
lilac inus: lilac.
 
 
 
liliiflo rus: lily-flowered.
 
 
 
limba tus: bordered.
 
 
 
limo sus: of muddy or marshy places.
 
 
 
linariifo lius: linaria-leaved.
 
 
 
linearifo lius: linear-leaved.
 
 
 
linearil obus: linear-lobed.
 
 
 
linea ris: linear.
 
 
 
linea tus: lined, with lines or stripes.
 
 
 
lingula tus: tongue-shaped.
 
 
 
linifo lius: linum-leaved, flax-leaved.
 
 
 
linophyl lus: flax-leaved.
 
 
 
lithosper mus: with seeds stone-like.
 
 
 
littoru lis: of the seashore.
 
 
 
liv idus: livid, bluish.
 
 
 
loba tus: lobed.
 
 
 
lobula ris: lobed.
 
 
 
lolia ceus: Lolium-like (Lolium comprises the rye-grasses).
 
 
 
longebractea tus: long-bracted.
 
 
 
longepeduncula tus: long-pedunculate.
 
 
 
longicauda tus: long-tailed.
 
 
 
longiflo rus: long-flowered.
 
 
 
longifo lius: long-leaved.
 
 
 
longihama tus: long-hooked.
 
 
 
longilamina tus: with long laminae or plates.
 
 
 
longil obus: long-lobed.
 
 
 
longimucrona tus: long-mucronate.
 
 
 
1ong ipes: long-footed, long-stalked.
 
 
 
longipet alus: long-petaled.
 
 
 
longipinna tus: long-pinnate.
 
 
 
longiracemo sus: long-racemed.
 
 
 
longisca pus: long-scaped.
 
 
 
longisep alus: long-sepaled.
 
 
 
longis pathus: long-spathed.
 
 
 
longispi nus: long-spined.
 
 
 
longis simus: longest, very long.
 
 
 
longis tylus: long-stalked.
 
 
 
1on gus: long.  
 
 
 
lorifo lius: strap-leaved.
 
 
 
lu cidus: lucid, bright, shining, clear.
 
 
 
ludovicia nus: of Louisiana.
 
 
 
lugdunen sis: belonging to the region of Lyons.
 
 
 
luna tus: lunate, moon-shaped, moon-like, crescent-shaped.
 
 
 
lunula tus: somewhat moon-shaped.
 
 
 
lupuli nus: Lupulus-like, hop-like.
 
 
 
lu ridus: lurid, wan, sallow, pale yellow.
 
 
 
lute olus: yellowish.
 
 
 
lutes cens: yellowish, becoming yellow.
 
 
 
lu teas: yellow.  
 
 
 
luxu nans: luxuriant, thrifty.  
 
 
 
lyra tus: lyrate, pinnatifid with large terminal lobe.
 
 
 
 
==M==
 
==M==
macilen tus: lean, meager.
+
*''macilentus'': lean, meager.
 
+
*''macrandrus'': with large anthers.
macran drus: with large anthers.
+
*''macranthus'': large-flowered.
 
+
*''macrobotrys'': large-clustered.
macran thus: large-flowered.
+
*''macrocarpus'': large-fruited.
 
+
*''macrocephalus'': large-headed.
macrob otrys: large-clustered.
+
*''macrodactylus'': large-fingered.
 
+
*''macrodontus'': large-toothed.
macrocar pus: large-fruited.
+
*''macropetalus'': with large petals.
 
+
*''macrophyllus'': large-leaved.
macroceph alus: large-headed.
+
*''macroplectron'': large-spurred.
 
+
*''macropodus'': large-footed or -stalked.
macrodac tylus: large-fingered.
+
*''macropterus'': large-winged.
 
+
*''macrospadix'': with large spadix.
macrodon tus: large-toothed.
+
*''macrostachyus'': large-spiked.
 
+
*''macrostegius'': large-decked.
macropet alus: with large petals.
+
*''macrostemus'': with large filaments.
 
+
*''macrostylus'': large-styled.
macrophyl lus: large-leaved.
+
*''macrourus'': large-tailed.
 
+
*''maculatus'': spotted.
macroplec tron: large-spurred.
+
*''maculosus'': spotted.
 
+
*''maesiacus'': of Moesia, ancient name of Bulgaria and Servia.
macrop odus: large-footed or -stalked.
+
*''magellanicus'': Straits of Magellan region.
 
+
*''magnificus'': magnificent, eminent, distinguished.
macrop terus: large-winged.
+
*''majalis'': of May, Maytime.
 
+
*''majesticus'': majestic.
macrospa dix: with large spadix.
+
*''major, majus'': greater, larger.
 
+
*''malabaricus'': of Malabar (in British India).
macrosta chyus: large-spiked.
+
*''maliformis'': apple-formed.
 
+
*''malvaceus'': Malva-like, mallow-like.
macroste gius: large-decked.
+
*''mammosus'': breasted, with breasts.
 
+
*''manicatus'': manicate, long-sleeved, covered densely as with thick hairs so that the covering can be removed as such.
macroste mus: with large filaments.
+
*''marcescens'': withering but not falling.
 
+
*''marcidus'': withering but not falling off.
macros tylus: large-styled.
+
*''margaritaceus'': pearly, of pearls.
 
+
*''marginalis'': marginal, marked in some way along the margins or edges.
macrou rus: large-tailed.
+
*''marginatus'': margined.
 
+
*''marginellus'': somewhat margined.
macula tus: spotted.
+
*''marilandicus'': of the Maryland region; also written marylandicus.
 
+
*''maritimus'': maritime, of the sea.
maculo sus: spotted.
+
*''marmoratus'': marbled, mottled.
 
+
*''marmoreus'': marbled.
maesi acus: of Moesia, ancient name of Bulgaria and Servia.
+
*''marmorophyllus'': leaves marbled.
 
+
*''maroccanus'': of Morocco.
magellan icus: Straits of Magellan region.
+
*''mas'': male.
 
+
*''masculatus'': masculine.
magnif icus: magnificent, eminent, distinguished.
+
*''masculus'': male, masculine.
 
+
*''matronalis'': pertaining to matrons.
maja lis: of May, Maytime.
+
*''mauritanicus'': of Mauretania (N. Africa).
 
+
*''maxillaris'': maxillary, of the jaw.
majest icus: majestic.
+
*''maximus'': largest.
 
+
*''mediterraneus'': of the Mediterranean region.
ma jor, ma jus: greater, larger.
+
*''medius'': medium, intermediate.
 
+
*''medullaris'': of the marrow or center or pith.
malabar icus: of Malabar (in British India).
+
*''megalanthus'': large-flowered.
 
+
*''megaphyllus'': large-leaved.
malifor mis: apple-formed.
+
*''megapotamicus'': of the large river.
 
+
*''megarrhizus'': large-rooted.
malva ceus: Malva-like, mallow-like.
+
*''megaspermus'': large-seeded.
 
+
*''megastachyus'': large-spiked.
mammo sus: breasted, with breasts.
+
*''megastigmus'': with large stigma.
 
+
*''melananthus'': black-flowered.
manica tus: manicate, long-sleeved, covered densely as with thick hairs so that the covering can be removed as such.
+
*''melancholicus'': melancholy, hanging or drooping.
 
+
*''melanocaulon'': black-stemmed.
marces cens: withering but not falling.
+
*''melanococcus'': black-berried.
 
+
*''melanoleucus'': black-and-white.
mar cidus: withering but not falling off.
+
*''melanoxylon'': bluck-wooded.
 
+
*''meleagris'': like a guinea-fowl, speckled.
margarita ceus: pearly, of pearls.
+
*''melleus'': pertaining to honey.
 
+
*''meliffera'': honey-bearing.
margina lis: marginal, marked in some way along the margins or edges.
+
*''meloformis'': melon-shaped.
 
+
*''membranaceus'': membranaceous, membranous, thin and more or less translucent.
margina tus: margined.
+
*''meniscifolius'': crescent-leaved.
 
+
*''mesoleucus'': mixed with white.
marginel lus: somewhat margined.
+
*''metallicus'': metallic (colour or lustre).
 
+
*''mexicanus'': Mexican, of Mexico.
mariland icus: of the Maryland region; also written marylandicus.
+
*''micans'': glittering, sparkling, mica- like.
 
+
*''micranthus'': small-flowered.
marit imus: maritime, of the sea.
+
*''microcarpus'': small-fruited.
 
+
*''microdon'': email-toothed.
marmora tus: marbled, mottled.
+
*''microglossus'': small-tougued.
 
+
*''microlepis'': small-scaled.
marmo reus: marbled.
+
*''micromeris'': small-numbered, of small number of parts.
 
+
*''micropetalus'': small-petaled.
marmorophyl lus: leaves marbled.
+
*''microphyllus'': small-leaved.
 
+
*''micropterus'': small-winged.
marocca nus: of Morocco.
+
*''microsepalus'': small-sepaled.
 
+
*''microstemus'': of small filaments or stemlets.
mas: male.
+
*''militaris'': military.
 
+
*''millefoliatus'': thousand-leaved.
mascula tus: masculine.
+
*''millefolius'': thousand-leaved, leaves or parts very many.
 
+
*''mimus'': mimic.
mas culus: male, masculine.
+
*''minax'': threatening, forbidding.
 
+
*''miniatus'': cinnabar-red.
matrona lis: pertaining to matrons.
+
*''minimus'': least, smallest.
 
+
*''minor, minus'': smaller.
mauritan icus: of Mauretania (N. Africa).
+
*''minutissimus'': very or most minute.
 
+
*''minutus'': minute, very small.
maxilla ris: maxillary, of the jaw.
+
*''mirabilis'': marvellous, extraordinary, wonderful.
 
+
*''mistassinicus'': of Lake Mistassini, (Quebec).
max imus: largest.
+
*''mitis'': mild, gentle.
 
+
*''mitratus'': turbaned.
mediterra neus: of the Mediterranean region.
+
*''mixtus'': mixed.
 
+
*''modestus'': modest.
me dius: medium, intermediate.
+
*''moldavicus'': of Moldavia (in Rumania).
 
+
*''mollis'': soft, soft-hairy.
medulla ris: of the marrow or center or pith.
+
*''mollissimus'': very soft-hairy.
 
+
*''moluccanus'': of the Moluccas (East Indies).
megalan thus: large-flowered.
+
*''monadelphus'': in one group or bundle.
 
+
*''mongolicus'': of Mongolia.
megaphyl lus: large-leaved.
+
*''monilifera'': bearing a necklace.
 
+
*''monacanthus'': one-spined.
megapotam icus: of the large river.
+
*''monocephalus'': single-headed.
 
+
*''monogynus'': of one pistil.
megarrhi zus: large-rooted.
+
*''monoicus'': monoecious.
 
+
*''monopetalus'': one-petaled.
megasper mus: large-seeded.
+
*''monophyllus'': one-leaved.
 
+
*''monopterus'': one-winged.
megasta chyus: large-spiked.
+
*''monopyrenus'': bearing one stone or pyrene.
 
+
*''monosepalus'': one-sepaled.  
megastig mus: with large stigma.
+
*''monospermus'': one-seeded.  
 
+
*''monostachyus'': single-spiked.  
melanan thus: black-flowered.
+
*''monspeliensis'': of Montpelier.  
 
+
*''monspessulanus'': of Montpelier.  
melanchol icus: melancholy, hanging or drooping.
+
*''monstrosus'': monstrous, wholly abnormal or deformed, teratological.  
 
+
*''montanus'': pertaining to mountains or mountainous regions.  
melanocau lon: black-stemmed.
+
*''montevidensis'': of Montevideo (Uruguay).
 
+
*''monticolus'': native of mountains.  
melanococ cus: black-berried.
+
*''moschatus'': musky, musk-scented.  
 
+
*''mucronatus'': mucronato, tipped with a short sharp point or mucro.  
melanoleu cus: black-and-white.
+
*''mucronulatus'': with a small mucro or point.
 
+
*''multibracteatus'': many-bracted.  
melanox ylon: bluck-wooded.
+
*''multicaulis'': many-stemmed, with numerous stems.  
 
+
*''multiceps'': many-headed, many branched.
melea gris: like a guinea-fowl, speckled.
+
*''multicolor'': many-coloured.  
 
+
*''multifidus'': multifid, many times parted.
mel leus: pertaining to honey.
+
*''multiflorus'': many-flowered.  
 
+
*''multifurcatus'': much-forked, many times forked.  
meliff era: honey-bearing.
+
*''multijugus'': many in a yoke, many times joined.
 
+
*''multinervis'': many-nerved.  
melofor mis: melon-shaped.
+
*''multiplex'': many-folded.  
 
+
*''multiradiatus'': many-radiate, with numerous rays.  
membrana ceus: membranaceous, membranous, thin and more or less translucent.
+
*''multisectus'': many times cut, much cut or dissected.  
 
+
*''mundulus'': trim, neat.  
meniscifo lius: crescent-leaved.
+
*''munitus'': defended, fortified.  
 
+
*''muralis'': of walls, growing on walls.  
mesoleu cus: mixed with white.
+
*''muricatus'': muricate, roughed by means of hard points.  
 
+
*''muscipula'': a mouse-trap.  
metal licus: metallic (color or luster).
+
*''mutabilis'': changeable, variable, mutant.
 
+
*''mutatus'': changeable.  
mexica nus: Mexican, of Mexico.
+
*''muticus'': blunt, pointless.  
 
+
*''mutilatus'': mutilated.  
mi cans: glittering, sparkling, mica- like.
+
*''myriacanthus'': numberless spined, very many-spined.  
 
+
*''myriocarpus'': very many-fruited.  
micran thus: small-flowered.
+
*''myrmecophilus'': ant-loving.  
 
+
*''myrtifolius'': myrtle-leaved.
microcar pus: small-fruited.
 
 
 
mic rodon: email-toothed.
 
 
 
microglos sus: small-tougued.
 
 
 
microl epis: small-scaled.
 
 
 
microm eris: small-numbered, of small number of parts.
 
 
 
micropet alus: small-petaled.
 
 
 
microphyl lus: small-leaved.
 
 
 
microp terus: small-winged.
 
 
 
microsep alus: small-sepaled.
 
 
 
microste mus: of small filaments or stemlets.
 
 
 
milita ris: military.
 
 
 
millefolia tus: thousand-leaved.
 
 
 
millefo lius: thousand-leaved, leaves or parts very many.
 
 
 
mi mus: mimic.
 
 
 
mi nax: threatening, forbidding.
 
 
 
minia tus: cinnabar-red.
 
 
 
min imus: least, smallest.
 
 
 
mi nor, mi nus: smaller.
 
 
 
minutis simus: very or most minute.
 
 
 
minu tus: minute, very small.
 
 
 
mirab ilis: marvellous, extraordinary, wonderful.
 
 
 
mistassin icus: of Lake Mistassini, (Quebec).
 
 
 
mi tis: mild, gentle.
 
 
 
mitra tus: turbaned.
 
 
 
mix tus: mixed.
 
 
 
modes tus: modest.
 
 
 
moldav icus: of Moldavia (in Rumania).
 
 
 
mol lis: soft, soft-hairy.
 
 
 
mollis simus: very soft-hairy.
 
 
 
molucca nus: of the Moluccas (East Indies).
 
 
 
monadel phus: in one group or bundle.
 
 
 
mongol icus: of Mongolia.
 
 
 
monilif era: bearing a necklace.
 
 
 
monacan thus: one-spined.
 
 
 
monoceph alus: single-headed.
 
 
 
monog ynus: of one pistil.
 
 
 
monoi cus: monoecious.
 
 
 
monopet alus: one-petaled.
 
 
 
monophyl lus: one-leaved.
 
 
 
monop terus: one-winged.
 
 
 
monopyre nus: bearing one stone or pyrene.
 
 
 
monosep alus: one-sepaled.  
 
 
 
monosper mus: one-seeded.  
 
 
 
monosta chyus: single-spiked.  
 
 
 
monspelien sis: of Montpelier.  
 
 
 
monspessula nus: of Montpelier.  
 
 
 
monstro sus: monstrous, wholly abnormal or deformed, teratological.  
 
 
 
monta nus: pertaining to mountains or mountainous regions.  
 
 
 
monteviden sis: of Montevideo (Uruguay).
 
 
 
montic olus: native of mountains.  
 
 
 
moscha tus: musky, musk-scented.  
 
 
 
mucrona tus: mucronato, tipped with a short sharp point or mucro.  
 
 
 
mucronula tus: with a small mucro or point.
 
 
 
multibractea tus: many-bracted.  
 
 
 
multicau lis: many-stemmed, with numerous stems.  
 
 
 
mul ticeps: many-headed, many branched.
 
 
 
multic olor: many-colored.  
 
 
 
multif idus: multifid, many times parted.
 
 
 
multiflo rus: many-flowered.  
 
 
 
multifurca tus: much-forked, many times forked.  
 
 
 
multij ugus: many in a yoke, many times joined.
 
 
 
multiner vis: many-nerved.  
 
 
 
mul tiplex: many-folded.  
 
 
 
multiradia tus: many-radiate, with numerous rays.  
 
 
 
multisec tus: many times cut, much cut or dissected.  
 
 
 
mun dulus: trim, neat.  
 
 
 
muni tus: defended, fortified.  
 
 
 
mura lis: of walls, growing on walls.  
 
 
 
murica tus: muricate, roughed by means of hard points.  
 
 
 
muscip ula: a mouse-trap.  
 
 
 
mutab ilis: changeable, variable, mutant.
 
 
 
muta tus: changeable.  
 
 
 
mu ticus: blunt, pointless.  
 
 
 
mutila tus: mutilated.  
 
 
 
myriacan thus: numberless spined, very many-spined.  
 
 
 
myriocar pus: very many-fruited.  
 
 
 
myrmecoph ilus: ant-loving.  
 
 
 
myrtifo lius: myrtle-leaved.
 
 
 
 
==N==
 
==N==
na nus: dwarf.
+
*''nanus'': dwarf.
 
+
*''mapiformis'': turnip-shaped.
mapifor mis: turnip-shaped.
+
*''narbonensis'': of Narbonne (ancient region or province of S. France).
 
+
*''natans'': floating, swimming.
narbonen sis: of Narbonne (ancient region or province of S. France).
+
*''navicularis'': pertaining to a ship.
 
+
*''neapolitanus'': Neapolitan.
na tans: floating, swimming.
+
*''nebulosus'': nebulous, clouded, indefinite, obscure.
 
+
*''neglectus'': neglected, overlooked.
navicula ris: pertaining to a ship.
+
*''nemoralis'': of groves or woods.
 
+
*''nemorosus'': of groves or woods and shady places.
neapolita nus: Neapolitan.
+
*''nepalensis'': of Nepal (Himalayan region).
 
+
*''neriifolius'': nerium-leaved, oleander-leaved.
nebulo sus: nebulous, clouded, indefinite, obscure.
+
*''nervosus'': nerved.
 
+
*''nevadensis'': of the Sierra Nevadas (in Spain or N. America).
neglec tus: neglected, overlooked.
+
*''nictitans'': blinking, moving.
 
+
*''nidus'': nest.
nemora lis: of groves or woods.
+
*''niger'': black.
 
+
*''nigratus'': blackish.
nemoro sus: of groves or woods and shady places.
+
*''nigrescens'': blackish, becoming black.
 
+
*''nigricans'': black.
nepalen sis: of Nepal (Himalayan region).
+
*''nigricornis'': black-horned.
 
+
*''nigripes'': black-footed or -atalked.
neriifo lius: nerium-leaved, oleander-leaved.
+
*''nilotica'': of the Nile.
 
+
*''nitens'': shining.
nervo sus: nerved.
+
*''nitidus'': shining.
 
+
*''nivalis'': snowy, pertaining to snow.
nevaden sis: of the Sierra Nevadas (in Spain or N. America).
+
*''niveus'': snowy.
 
+
*''nivosus'': snowy, full of snow.
nic titans: blinking, moving.
+
*''nnbilior'': more noble.
 
+
*''nobilis'': noble, famous, renowned.
ni dus: nest.
+
*''nobilissimus'': most or very noble.
 
+
*''nodidflorus'': with flowers at nodes.
ni ger: black.
+
*''nodosus'': with nodes, jointed.
 
+
*''nonscriptus'': undescribed.
nigra tus: blackish.
+
*''nootkatensis'': of Nootka (Nootka Sound is by Vancouver Island).  
 
+
*''notatus'': marked.  
nigres cens: blackish, becoming black.
+
*''novae-angliae'': of New England.  
 
+
*''novae-caesareae'': of New Jersey.  
nig ricans: black.
+
*''novae-zealandiae'': of New Zealand.  
 
+
*''noveboracensis'': of New York.  
nigricor nis: black-horned.
+
*''novi-belgii'': of New Belgium or New Netherlands (i. e., New York).  
 
+
*''nubicolus'': dwelling among clouds.  
nig ripes: black-footed or -atalked.
+
*''nucifera'': nut-bearing.  
 
+
*''nudatus'': nude, stripped.  
nilot ica: of the Nile.
+
*''nudicaulis'': naked-stemmed.  
 
+
*''nudiflorus'': naked-flowered.  
ni tens: shining.
+
*''nudus'': nude, naked.  
 
+
*''numismatus'': pertaining to money, coin-like.
nit idus: shining.
+
*''nutans'': nodding.
 
+
*''nycticalus'': night-blooming.
niva lis: snowy, pertaining to snow.
 
 
 
niv eus: snowy.
 
 
 
nivo sus: snowy, full of snow.
 
 
 
nnbil ior: more noble.
 
 
 
nob ilis: noble, famous, renowned.
 
 
 
nobilis simus: most or very noble.
 
 
 
nodidflo rus: with flowers at nodes.
 
 
 
nodo sus: with nodes, jointed.
 
 
 
nonscrip tus: undescribed.
 
 
 
nootkaten sis: of Nootka (Nootka Sound is by Vancouver Island).  
 
 
 
nota tus: marked.  
 
 
 
no vae-an gliae: of New England.  
 
 
 
no vae-caesare ae: of New Jersey.  
 
 
 
no vae-zealand iae: of New Zealand.  
 
 
 
noveboracen sis: of New York.  
 
 
 
no vi-bel gii: of New Belgium or New Netherlands i. e., New York).  
 
 
 
nubic olus: dwelling among clouds.  
 
 
 
nucif era: nut-bearing.  
 
 
 
nuda tus: nude, stripped.  
 
 
 
nudicau lis: naked-stemmed.  
 
 
 
nudiflo rus: naked-flowered.  
 
 
 
nu dus: nude, naked.  
 
numisma tus: pertaining to money, coin-like.
 
 
 
nu tans: nodding.
 
 
 
nyctic alus: night-blooming.
 
 
 
 
==O==
 
==O==
obcon icus: inversely conical.
+
*''obconicus'': inversely conical.
 
+
*''obcordatus'': obcordate, inversely cordate.
obcorda tus: obcordate, inversely cordate.
+
*''obesus'': obese, fat.
 
+
*''obfuscatus'': clouded, confused.
obe sus: obese, fat.
+
*''obliquus'': oblique, unequal and slanting.
 
+
*''obliteratus'': obliterated, erased, not apparent.
obfusca tus: clouded, confused.
+
*''oblongatus'': oblong.
 
+
*''oblongifo1ius'': oblong-leaved.
obli quus: oblique, unequal and slanting.
+
*''oblungus'': oblong.
 
+
*''obovatus'': obovate, inverted ovate.
oblitera tus: obliterated, erased, not apparent.
+
*''obscurus'': obscure, hidden.
 
+
*''obsoletus'': obsolete, rudimentary.
oblonga tus: oblong.
+
*''obtusatus'': obtuse, blunt.
 
+
*''obtusifolius'': blunt-leaved.
oblongifo 1ius: oblong-leaved.
+
*''obtusilobus'': blunt-lobed.
 
+
*''obtusus'': obtuse, blunt, rounded.
oblun gus: oblong.
+
*''occidentalis'': occidental, western.
 
+
*''oceanicus'': oceanic; perhaps of Oceanica.
obova tus: obovate, inverted ovate.
+
*''ocellatus'': eyeleted, with small eyes.
 
+
*''ochreatus'': with an ochrea or boot-sheath.
obscu rus: obscure, hidden.
+
*''ochroleucus'': yellowish white.
 
+
*''octandrus'': with eight anthers.
obsole tus: obsolete, rudimentary.
+
*''octopetalus'': eight-petaled.
 
+
*''octophyllus'': eight-leaved.
obtusa tus: obtuse, blunt.
+
*''oculatus'': eyed, with eye-like marks.
 
+
*''odontites'': tooth.
obtusifo lius: blunt-leaved.
+
*''odontochilus'': with toothed lip or margin.
 
+
*''odoratissimus'': most or very odorous, very fragrant.
obtusil obus: blunt-lobed.
+
*''odoratus'': odorous, fragrant.
 
+
*''odorus'': odorous, fragrant.
obtu sus: obtuse, blunt, rounded.
+
*''officinalis'': officinal, medicinal, recognized in the pharmacopea.
 
+
*''officinarum'': of the apothecaries.
occidenta lis: occidental, western.
+
*''oleaefolius'': Olea- or olive-leaved.
 
+
*''oleifera'': oil-bearing.
ocean icus: oceanic; perhaps of Oceanica.
+
*''oleraceus'': oleraceous, vegetable-garden herb used in cooking.
 
+
*''oliganthus'': few-flowered.
ocella tus: eyeleted, with small eyes.
+
*''oligocarpus'': few-fruited.
 
+
*''oligosperrnus'': few-seeded.
ochrea tus: with an ochrea or boot-sheath.
+
*''olitorius'': pertaining to vegetable-gardens or -gardeners.
 
+
*''olivaceus'': olive-like, olive-coloured.
ochroleu cus: yellowish white.
+
*''olivaeformis'': olive-shaped.
 
+
*''olympicus'': of Olympus or Mt. Olympus (in Greece).
octan drus: with eight anthers.
+
*''omnivorus'': omnivorous, of all kinds of food.
 
+
*''opacus'': opaque, shaded.
octopet alus: eight-petaled.
+
*''operculatus'': with a lid.
 
+
*''oppositiflorus'': opposite-flowered.
octophyl lus: eight-leaved.
+
*''oppositifolius'': opposite-leaved.
 
+
*''opuliflorus'': flowers of Opulus (a Viburnum).
ocula tus: eyed, with eye-like marks.
+
*''orbicularis'': round.
 
+
*''orbiculatus'': round.
odonti tes: tooth.
+
*''orchideus'': orchid-like.
 
+
*''orchioides'': orchid-like.
odontochi lus: with toothed lip or margin.
+
*''oreganus'': of Oregon.
 
+
*''orgyalis'': length of the arms extended, about 6 feet.
odoratis simus: most or very odorous, very fragrant.
+
*''orientalis'': oriental, eastern.
 
+
*''ornatissimus'': most showy or ornate.
odora tus: odorous, fragrant.
+
*''ornatus'': ornate, adorned.
 
+
*''ornithocephalus'': like a bird's head.
odo rus: odorous, fragrant.
+
*''ornithopodus'': like a bird's foot.
 
+
*''ornithorhynchus'': shaped like a bird's beak.
officina lis: officinal, medicinal, recognized in the pharmacopea.
+
*''orthocarpus'': straight-fruited.
 
+
*''orthochilus'': straight-lipped.
officina rum: of the apothecaries.
+
*''orthopterus'': straight-winged.
 
+
*''ovalifolius'': oval-leaved.
oleaefo lius: Olea- or olive-leaved.
+
*''ovalis'': oval.
 
+
*''ovatifolius'': ovate-leaved.
oleif era: oil-bearing.
+
*''ovatus'': ovate.
 
+
*''ovifera'': egg-bearing.
olera ceus: oleraceous, vegetable-garden herb used in cooking.
+
*''ovigera'': egg-bearing.
 
+
*''ovinus'': pertaining to sheep.
oligan thus: few-flowered.
+
*''oxyacanthus'': sharp-thorned or -spined.
 
+
*''oxygonus'': sharp-angled.
oligocar pus: few-fruited.
+
*''oxyphyllus'': sharp-leaved.
 
+
*''oxysepalus'': with sharp sepals.
oligosper rnus: few-seeded.
 
 
 
olito rius: pertaining to vegetable-gardens or -gardeners.
 
 
 
oliva ceus: olive-like, olive-colored.
 
 
 
olivaefor mis: olive-shaped.
 
 
 
olym picus: of Olympus or Mt. Olympus (in Greece).
 
 
 
omniv orus: omnivorous, of all kinds of food.
 
 
 
opa cus: opaque, shaded.
 
 
 
opercula tus: with a lid.
 
 
 
oppositiflo rus: opposite-flowered.
 
 
 
oppositifo lius: opposite-leaved.
 
 
 
opuliflo rus: flowers of Opulus (a Viburnum).
 
 
 
orbicula ris: round.
 
 
 
orbicula tus: round.
 
 
 
orchid eus: orchid-like.
 
 
 
orchioi des: orchid-like.
 
 
 
orega nus: of Oregon.
 
 
 
orgya lis: length of the arms extended, about 6 feet.
 
 
 
orienta lis: oriental, eastern.
 
 
 
ornatis simus: most showy or ornate.
 
 
 
orna tus: ornate, adorned.
 
 
 
ornithoceph alus: like a bird's head.
 
 
 
ornithop odus: like a bird's foot.
 
 
 
ornithorhyn chus: shaped like a bird's beak.
 
 
 
orthocar pus: straight-fruited.
 
 
 
orthochi lus: straight-lipped.
 
 
 
orthop terus: straight-winged.
 
 
 
ovalifo lius: oval-leaved.
 
 
 
ova lis: oval.
 
 
 
ovatifo lius: ovate-leaved.
 
 
 
ova tus: ovate.
 
 
 
ovif era: egg-bearing.
 
 
 
ovig era: egg-bearing.
 
 
 
ovi nus: pertaining to sheep.
 
 
 
oxyacan thus: sharp-thorned or -spined.
 
 
 
oxygo nus: sharp-angled.
 
 
 
oxyphyl lus: sharp-leaved.
 
 
 
oxysep alus: with sharp sepals.
 
 
 
 
==P==
 
==P==
pachyan thus: thick-flowered.  
+
*''pachyanthus'': thick-flowered.  
 
+
*''pachyneurus'': thick-nerved.  
pachyneu rus: thick-nerved.  
+
*''pachypterus'': thick-winged.  
 
+
*''pacificus'': of the Pacific, of regions bordering the Pacific Ocean.  
pachyp terus: thick-winged.  
+
*''palaestinus'': of Palestine.  
 
+
*''paleaceus'': with palea (bracts in grass flowers), or palea-like, chaffy.  
pacif icus: of the Pacific, of regions bordering the Pacific Ocean.  
+
*''pallens'': pale.
 
+
*''pallescens'': palish, becoming pale
palaesti nus: of Palestine.  
+
*''palliatus'': palliated, cloaked.  
 
+
*''pallidiflorus'': pale-flowered.  
palea ceus: with palea (bracts in grass flowers), or palea-like, chaffy.  
+
*''pallidifolius'': pale-leaved.  
 
+
*''pallidispinus'': pale-spined.  
pal lens: pale.
+
*''pallidus'': pale.  
 
+
*''palliflavens'': pale yellow.  
palles cens: palish, becoming pale
+
*''palmatifidus'': polmately cut.  
 
+
*''palmatus'': palmate, divided or lobed like the hand.
pallia tus: palliated, cloaked.  
+
*''paludosus'': of marshes, marsh-loving.  
 
+
*''palustris'': marsh-loving.  
pallidiflo rus: pale-flowered.  
+
*''panduratus'': fiddle-shaped.  
 
+
*''paniculitus'': paniculate.  
pallidifo lius: pale-leaved.  
+
*''paniculigera'': panicle-bearing.
 
+
*''pannonicus'': of Pannonia (Roman province on the Danube, now western Hungary).
pallidispi nus: pale-spined.  
+
*''pannosus'': ragged, tattered.
 
+
*''papaveraceus'': Papaver-like, poppy-like.
pal lidus: pale.  
+
*''papilionaceus'': butterfly-like, the form of the pea flower.
 
+
*''papillosus'': papillate, with minute nipple-like projections or protuberances.
pallifla vens: pale yellow.  
+
*''papyraceus'': papery.
 
+
*''papyrifera'': paper-bearing.
palmatif idus: polmately cut.  
+
*''paradisiacus'': of parku or gardens.
 
+
*''paradoxus'': paradoxical, strange.
palma tus: palmate, divided or lobed like the hand.
+
*''parasiticus'': parasitical, of a parasite.
 
+
*''pardalinus'': leopard-like, spotted.
paludo sus: of marshes, marsh-loving.  
+
*''pardinus'': leopard-spotted.
 
+
*''partitus'': parted.
palus tris: marsh-loving.  
+
*''parviflorus'': small-flowered.
 
+
*''parvifolius'': small-leaved.
pandura tus: fiddle-shaped.  
+
*''parvissimus'': smallest, very small.
 
+
*''parvulus'': very small, very slight.
paniculi tus: paniculate.  
+
*''parvus'': small.
 
+
*''patagonicus'': of Patagonia.
paniculig era: panicle-bearing.
+
*''patellaris'': circular, disk-shaped, like a knee-pan.
 
+
*''patens'': spreading.
pannon icus: of Pannonia (Roman province on the Danube, now western Hungary).
+
*''patulus'': spreading.
 
+
*''pauciflorus'': few-flowered.
panno sus: ragged, tattered.
+
*''paucifoliue'': few-leaved.
 
+
*''pauperculus'': poor.
papavera ceus: Papaver-like, poppy-like.
+
*''pavoninus'': peacock-like.
 
+
*''pectinaceus'': pectinate.
papiliona ceus: butterfly-like, the form of the pea flower.
+
*''pectinatus'': pectinate, comb-like, pin-natifid with very narrow close divisions or parts.
 
+
*''pectinifera'': comb-bearing.
papillo sus: papillate, with minute nipple-like projections or protuberances.
+
*''pectoralis'': shaped like a breast-bone
 
+
*''pedatus'': footed, of the foot or feet; also pedate, like a bird's foot, being palmately divided and the side parts 2-cleft.
papyra ceus: papery.
+
*''pedemontanus'': of Piedmont (northern Italy).
 
+
*''peduncularis'': peduncled, stalked.
papyrif era: paper-bearing.
+
*''pedunculatus'': peduncled.
 
+
*''pedunculosus'': with many peduncles.
paradisi acus: of parku or gardens.
+
*''pellucidus'': pellucid, with translucent dots.
 
+
*''peltatus'': peltate.
paradox us: paradoxical, strange.
+
*''peltifolius'': peltate-leaved.
 
+
*''pelviformis'': pelvis-shaped.
parasit icus: parasitical, of a parasite.
+
*''penduliflorus'': pendulous-flowered.
 
+
*''pendulinus'': somewhat pendulous.
pardali nus: leopard-like, spotted.
+
*''pendulus'': pendulous, hanging.
 
+
*''penicillatus'': hair penciled, like a little brush; pinnate.
pardi nus: leopard-spotted.
+
*''pennatus'': feathered, as the veins or lobes standing off at right angles from a midrib; pinnate.
 
+
*''penninervis'': feather-veined.
parti tus: parted.
+
*''pennsylvanicus'': of Pennsylvania.
 
+
*''pentagonus'': five-angled.
parviflo rus: small-flowered.
+
*''pentagynus'': of five pistils.
 
+
*''pentandrus'': of five stamens.
parvifo lius: small-leaved.
+
*''pentanthus'': five-flowered.
 
+
*''pentaphyllus'': five-leaved.
parvis simus: smallest, very small.
+
*''perbellus'': very beautiful.
 
+
*''peregrinus'': exotic, foreign, from a strange country.
par vulus: very small, very slight.
+
*''perennans'': perennial.
 
+
*''perennis'': perennial, living three or more years.
par vus: small.
+
*''perfoliatus'': perfoliate, with leaf surrounding the stem.
 
+
*''perforatus'': perforated, with holes.
patagon icus: of Patagonia.
+
*''permixtus'': much mixed or confused.
 
+
*''persicaefolius'': peach-leaved.
patella ris: circular, disk-shaped, like a knee-pan.
+
*''persicus'': of Persia; also the peach.
 
+
*''perspicuus'': clear, transparent.
pa tens: spreading.
+
*''pertusus'': thrust through, forced through, perforated.
 
+
*''peruvianus'': Peruvian, of Peru.
pat ulus: spreading.
+
*''petaloideus'': petal-like.
 
+
*''petiolaris'': petioled, with a leaf-stalk.
pauciflo rus: few-flowered.
+
*''petiolatus'': petioled.
 
+
*''petraeus'': rock-loving.
paucifo liue: few-leaved.
+
*''phlogiflorus'': flame-flowered.
 
+
*''phoeniceus'': purple-red.
pauper culus: poor.
+
*''phrygius'': of Phrygia (in Asia-Minor).
 
+
*''phyllomaniacus'': running wildly to leaves, leafy.
pavoni nus: peacock-like.
+
*''picturatus'': painted-leaved, pictured, variegated.
 
+
*''pictus'': painted.
pectina ceus: pectinate.
+
*''pilifera'': bearing soft hairs.
 
+
*''pilosiusculus'': somewhat or slightly pilose.
pectina tus: pectinate, comb-like, pin-natifid with very narrow close divisions or parts.
+
*''pilosus'': pilose, shaggy, with soft hairs.
 
+
*''pilulifera'': globule-bearing.
pectinif era: comb-bearing.
+
*''pinetorum'': of pine forests.
 
+
*''pineus'': of the pine.
pectora lis: shaped like a breast-bone
+
*''pinifolius'': pine-leaved.
 
+
*''pinnatifidus'': pinnatifid, pinnately cleft.
peda tus: footed, of the foot or feet; also pedate, like a bird's foot, being palmately divided and the side parts 2-cleft.
+
*''pinnatifrons'': pinnate-fronded or -foliaged.
 
+
*''pinnatinervis'': pinnate-nerved.
pedemonta nus: of Piedmont (northern Italy).
+
*''pinnatus'': pinnate, with leaflets on the sides of a main leaf axis.
 
+
*''pisifera'': Pisum-bearing, pea-bearing.
peduncula ris: peduncled, stalked.
+
*''pisocarpus'': pea-fruited.
 
+
*''placatus'': quiet, calm.
peduncula tus: peduncled.
+
*''planiflorus'': plane-flowered, flat-flowered.
 
+
*''planifolius'': flat-leaved.
pedunculo sus: with many peduncles.
+
*''plantagineus'': plantain-like.
 
+
*''planus'': plane, flat.
pellu cidus: pellucid, with translucent dots.
+
*''platanoides'': Platanus-like, plane-tree-like.
 
+
*''platycanthus'': broad-spined.
pelta tus: peltate.
+
*''platycarpus'': broad-fruited.
 
+
*''platycladus'': broad-branched.
peltifo lius: peltate-leaved.
+
*''platyglossus'': broad-tongued.
 
+
*''platyphyllus'': broad-leaved.
pelvifor mis: pelvis-shaped.
+
*''plenissimus'': very full or double.
 
+
*''plenus'': full, used to designate doubleness in flowers (as in flore-pleno).
penduliflo rus: pendulous-flowered.
+
*''pleurostachys'': side-spiked.
 
+
*''plicatus'': plicate, plaited, folded lengthwise.
penduli nus: somewhat pendulous.
+
*''plumarius'': plumed.
 
+
*''plumatus'': plumed.
pen dulus: pendulous, hanging.
+
*''plumbeus'': of lead.
 
+
*''plumosus'': feathery.
penicilla tus: hair penciled, like a little brush; pinnate.
+
*''poculiformis'': deep cup-shaped.
 
+
*''podocarpus'': with stalked fruit.
penna tus: feathered, as the veins or lobes standing off at right angles from a midrib; pinnate.
+
*''poeticus'': pertaining to poets
 
+
*''polifolius'': Polium-leaved, white-leaved.
penniner vis: feather-veined.
+
*''politus'': polished.
 
+
*''polyacanthus'': many-spined.
pennsylvan icus: of Pennsylvania.
+
*''polyandrus'': of many stamens.
 
+
*''polyanthus'': many-flowered.
pentago nus: five-angled.
+
*''polycephalus'': many-headed.
 
+
*''polydactylus'': many-fingered.
pentag ynus: of five pistils.
+
*''polygamus'': polygamous, having both perfect and imperfect flowers.
 
+
*''polymorphus'': of many forms, variable.
pentan drus: of five stamens.
+
*''polypetalus'': many-petaled.
 
+
*''polyphyllus'': many-leaved.
pentan thus: five-flowered.
+
*''polyspermus'': many-seeded.
 
+
*''polystachyus'': many-spiked.
pentaphyl lus: five-leaved.
+
*''polystictus'': many-dotted.
 
+
*''pomaceus'': pome-like, resembling the apple or pear.
perbel lus: very beautiful.
+
*''pomeridianus'': afternoon.
 
+
*''ponderosus'': ponderous, heavy, weighty.
peregri nus: exotic, foreign, from a strange country.
+
*''ponticus'': of Pontus (in Asia Minor).
 
+
*''populifolius'': populus-leaved, poplar-leaved.
peren nans: perennial.
+
*''populneus'': pertaining to poplars.
 
+
*''porcinus'': pertaining to swine.
peren nis: perennial, living three or more years.
+
*''porrifolius'': Porrum- or leek-leaved.
 
+
*''praealtus'': very tall.
perfolia tus: perfoliate, with leaf surrounding the stem.
+
*''praecox'': precocious, premature, very early.
 
+
*''praestans'': distinguished, excelling.
perfora tus: perforated, with holes.
+
*''praetextus'': bordered.
 
+
*''prasinatus'': greenish.
permix tus: much mixed or confused.
+
*''prasinus'': grass-green.
 
+
*''pratensis'': of meadows.
persicaefo lius: peach-leaved.
+
*''precatorius'': praying, prayerful.
 
+
*''primulinus'': primrose-like.
per sicus: of Persia; also the peach.
+
*''princeps'': princely, first.
 
+
*''prismaticus'': prismatic, prism-shaped.
perspic uus: clear, transparent.
+
*''proboscideus'': proboscis-like.
 
+
*''procerus'': tall.
pertu sus: thrust through, forced through, perforated.
+
*''prucumbens'': procumbent, lying on the ground.
 
+
*''procurrens'': extended.
peruvia nus: Peruvian, of Peru.
+
*''productus'': produced, lengthened.
 
+
*''profusus'': profuse.
petaloid eus: petal-like.
+
*''prolifera'': producing offshoots, bearing abnormal supernumerary parts.
 
+
*''prolificus'': prolific, fruitful.
petiola ris: petioled, with a leaf-stalk.
+
*''propendens'': hanging down.
 
+
*''propinquus'': related, near to.
petiola tus: petioled.
+
*''prostratus'': prostrate, lying flat.
 
+
*''protrusus'': protruding.
petrae us: rock-loving.
+
*''provincialis'': provincial; or of Provence, southern France.
 
+
*''pruinatus'': pruinose.
phlogiflo rus: flame-flowered.
+
*''pruinosus'': pruinose, with a hoary or frost-like bloom.
 
+
*''prunifolius'': plum-leaved.
phoenic eus: purple-red.
+
*''pruriens'': itching.
 
+
*''pseud- pseudo-'': in combinations means false, not genuine, not the true or the typical, as Pseudotsuga, false tsuga.
phryg ius: of Phrygia (in Asia-Minor).
+
*''psittacinus'': of the parrot.
 
+
*''pubens'': downy.
phyllomani acus: running wildly to leaves, leafy.
+
*''puberulus'': puberulous, somewhat pubescent.
 
+
*''pubescens'': pubescent, downy.
pictura tus: painted-leaved, pictured, variegated.
+
*''pudicus'': bashful, retiring, shrinking.
 
+
*''pulchellus'': pretty, beautiful.
pic tus: painted.
+
*''pulcher'': handsome, beautiful.
 
+
*''pulcherrimus'': very handsome.
pilif era: bearing soft hairs.
+
*''pullus'': dark, dusky, almost black.
 
+
*''pulverulentus'': powdered, dust-covered.
pilosius culus: somewhat or slightly pilose.
+
*''pulvinatus'': cushioned, cushion-like.
 
+
*''pumilus'': dwarf.
pilo sus: pilose, shaggy, with soft hairs.
+
*''punctatissimus'': most spotted, very spotted.
 
+
*''punctatus'': punctate, dotted.
pilulif era: globule-bearing.
+
*''pungens'': piercing, sharp-pointed.
 
+
*''puniceus'': reddish purple.
pineto rum: of pine forests.
+
*''purpuraceus'': purple.
 
+
*''purpurascens'': purplish, becoming purple.
pin eus: of the pine.
+
*''purpuratus'': purple.
 
+
*''purpureus'': purple.
pinifo lius: pine-leaved.
+
*''pusillus'': very small, insignificant.
 
+
*''pycnacanthus'': densely spined.
pinnatif idus: pinnatifid, pinnately cleft.
+
*''pycnanthus'': densely flowered.
 
+
*''pygmaeus'': pigmy.
pinnat ifrons: pinnate-fronded or -foliaged.
+
*''pyramidalis'': pyramidal.
 
+
*''pyrenaicus'': of the Pyrenees.
pinnatiner vis: pinnate-nerved.
+
*''pyrifolius'': pear-leaved.
 
+
*''pyriformis'': Pyrus-formed, pear-shaped.
pinna tus: pinnate, with leaflets on the sides of a main leaf axis.
 
 
 
pisif era: Pisum-bearing, pea-bearing.
 
 
 
pisocarpus: pea-fruited.
 
 
 
placa tus: quiet, calm.
 
 
 
planiflo rus: plane-flowered, flat-flowered.
 
 
 
planifo lius: flat-leaved.
 
 
 
plantagin eus: plantain-like.
 
 
 
pla nus: plane, flat.
 
 
 
platanoi des: Platanus-like, plane-tree-like.
 
 
 
platycan thus: broad-spined.
 
 
 
platycar pus: broad-fruited.
 
 
 
platyc ladus: broad-branched.
 
 
 
platyglos sus: broad-tongued.
 
 
 
platyphyl lus: broad-leaved.
 
 
 
plenis simus: very full or double.
 
 
 
ple nus: full, used to designate doubleness in flowers (as in flore-pleno).
 
 
 
pleuros tachys: side-spiked.
 
 
 
plica tus: plicate, plaited, folded lengthwise.
 
 
 
pluma rius: plumed.
 
 
 
pluma tus: plumed.
 
 
 
plum beus: of lead.
 
 
 
plumo sus: feathery.
 
 
 
poculifor mis: deep cup-shaped.
 
 
 
podocar pus: with stalked fruit.
 
 
 
poet icus: pertaining to poets
 
 
 
polifo lius: Polium-leaved, white-leaved.
 
 
 
poli tus: polished.
 
 
 
polyacan thus: many-spined.
 
 
 
polyan drus: of many stamens.
 
 
 
polyan thus: many-flowered.
 
 
 
polyceph alus: many-headed.
 
 
 
polydac tylus: many-fingered.
 
 
 
polyg amus: polygamous, having both perfect and imperfect flowers.
 
 
 
polymor phus: of many forms, variable.
 
 
 
polypet alus: many-petaled.
 
 
 
polyphyl lus: many-leaved.
 
 
 
polysper mus: many-seeded.
 
 
 
polysta chyus: many-spiked.
 
 
 
polystic tus: many-dotted.
 
 
 
poma ceus: pome-like, resembling the apple or pear.
 
 
 
pomeridia nus: afternoon.
 
 
 
pondero sus: ponderous, heavy, weighty.
 
 
 
pon ticus: of Pontus (in Asia Minor).
 
 
 
populifo lius: populus-leaved, poplar-leaved.
 
 
 
popul neus: pertaining to poplars.
 
 
 
porci nus: pertaining to swine.
 
 
 
porrifo lius: Porrum- or leek-leaved.
 
 
 
praeal tus: very tall.
 
 
 
prae cox: precocious, premature, very early.
 
 
 
prae stans: distinguished, excelling.
 
 
 
praetex tus: bordered.
 
 
 
prasina tus: greenish.
 
 
 
prasi nus: grass-green.
 
 
 
praten sis: of meadows.
 
 
 
precato rius: praying, prayerful.
 
 
 
primul inus: primrose-like.
 
 
 
prin ceps: princely, first.
 
 
 
prismat icus: prismatic, prism-shaped.
 
 
 
proboscid eus: proboscis-like.
 
 
 
proce rus: tall.
 
 
 
prucum bens: procumbent, lying on the ground.
 
 
 
procur rens: extended.
 
 
 
produc tus: produced, lengthened.
 
 
 
profu sus: profuse.
 
 
 
prolif era: producing offshoots, bearing abnormal supernumerary parts.
 
 
 
prolif icus: prolific, fruitful.
 
 
 
propen dens: hanging down.
 
 
 
propin quus: related, near to.
 
 
 
prostra tus: prostrate, lying flat.
 
 
 
protru sus: protruding.
 
 
 
provincia lis: provincial; or of Provence, southern France.
 
 
 
pruina tus: pruinose.
 
 
 
pruino sus: pruinose, with a hoary or frost-like bloom.
 
 
 
prunifo lius: plum-leaved.
 
 
 
pru riens: itching.
 
 
 
pseud- pseudo-: in combinations means false, not genuine, not the true or the typical, as Pseudotsuga, false tsuga.
 
 
 
psittaci nus: of the parrot.
 
 
 
pu bens: downy.
 
 
 
puber ulus: puberulous, somewhat pubescent.
 
 
 
pubes cens: pubescent, downy.
 
 
 
pudi cus: bashful, retiring, shrinking.
 
 
 
pulchel lus: pretty, beautiful.
 
 
 
pul cher: handsome, beautiful.
 
 
 
pulcher rimus: very handsome.
 
 
 
pul lus: dark colored, dusky, almost black.
 
 
 
pulverulen tus: powdered, dust-covered.
 
 
 
pulvina tus: cushioned, cushion-like.
 
 
 
pu milus: dwarf.
 
 
 
punctatis simus: most spotted, very spotted.
 
 
 
puncta tus: punctate, dotted.
 
 
 
pun gens: piercing, sharp-pointed.
 
 
 
punic eus: reddish purple.
 
 
 
purpura ceus: purple.
 
 
 
purpuras cens: purplish, becoming purple.
 
 
 
purpura tus: purple.
 
 
 
purpu reus: purple.
 
 
 
pusil lus: very small, insignificant.
 
 
 
pycnacan thus: densely spined.
 
 
 
pycnan thus: densely flowered.
 
 
 
pygmae us: pigmy.
 
 
 
pyramida lis: pyramidal.
 
 
 
pyrena icus: of the Pyrenees.
 
 
 
pyrifo lius: pear-leaved.
 
 
 
pyrifor mis: Pyrus-formed, pear-shaped.
 
 
 
 
==Q==
 
==Q==
quadrangula ris: quadrangular, four-angled.
+
*''quadrangularis'': quadrangular, four-angled.
 
+
*''quadrangulatus'': four-angled.
quadrangula tus: four-angled.
+
*''quadratus'': in four or fours, squared.
 
+
*''quartricolor'': of four colours.
quadra tus: in four or fours, squared.
+
*''quartridentatus'': four-toothed.
 
+
*''quadrifidus'': four-cut.
quartric olor: of four colors.
+
*''quadrifolius'': four-leaved.
 
+
*''quadripartitus'': four-parted.
quartridenta tus: four-toothed.
+
*''quadrivalvis'': four-valved.
 
+
*''quercifolius'': Quercus-leaved, oak-leaved.
quadrif idus: four-cut.
+
*''quercinus'': of Quercus the oak.
 
+
*''quinatus'': quinate, in fives.
quadrifo lius: four-leaved.
+
*''quinquecolor'': five-coloured.
 
+
*''quinqueflorus'': five-flowered.
quadriparti tus: four-parted.
+
*''quinquefolius'': five-leaved.
 
+
*''quinquelocularis'': five-loculed, of five cells or compartments.
quadrival vis: four-valved.
+
*''quinquenervis'': five-nerved.
 
+
*''quinquepunctatus'': five-spotted.
quercifo lius: Quercus-leaved, oak-leaved.
 
 
 
querci nus: of Quercus the oak.
 
 
 
quina tus: quinate, in fives.
 
 
 
quinquec olor: five-colored.
 
 
 
quinqueflo rus: five-flowered.
 
 
 
quinquefo lius: five-leaved.
 
 
 
quinquelocula ris: five-loculed, of five cells or compartments.
 
 
 
quinquener vis: five-nerved.
 
 
 
quinquepuncta tus: five-spotted.
 
 
 
 
==R==
 
==R==
racemiflo rus: raceme-flowered.
+
*''racemiflorus'': raceme-flowered.
 
+
*''racemosus'': racemose, flowers in racemes.
racemo sus: racemose, flowers in racemes.
+
*''radiatus'': radiate, rayed.
 
+
*''radicans'': rooting.
radia tus: radiate, rayed.
+
*''radicosus'': many-rooted.
 
+
*''radicum'': of roots.
radi cans: rooting.
+
*''radiosus'': radiate, with many rays.
 
+
*''ramentaceus'': bearing a hair-like covering.
radico sus: many-rooted.
+
*''ramiflorus'': with branching inflorescence.
 
+
*''ramosissimus'': most- or much- branched.
radi cum: of roots.
+
*''ramosus'': branched.
 
+
*''ranifera'': bearing frogs.
radio sus: radiate, with many rays.
+
*''rapaceus'': pertaining to rape or turnips.
 
+
*''rariflorus'': scattered-flowered, with flowers loose or few.
ramenta ceus: bearing a hair-like covering.
+
*''rarus'': rare, uncommon.
 
+
*''raucus'': hoarse, raw.
ramiflo rus: with branching inflorescence.
+
*''reclinatus'': reclined, bent back.
 
+
*''rectus'': straight, upright.
ramosis simus: most- or much- branched.
+
*''recurvatus'': recurved.
 
+
*''recurvifolius'': recurved-leaved.
ramo sus: branched.
+
*''recurvus'': recurved, curved back.
 
+
*''redivivus'': restored, brought to life.
ranif era: bearing frogs.
+
*''reduplicatus'': duplicated again, doubled again, redoubled.
 
+
*''reflexus'': reflexed, bent back.
rapa ceus: pertaining to rape or turnips.
+
*''refractus'': broken, broken in pieces.
 
+
*''refulgens'': brightly shining, reflecting light.
rariflo rus: scattered-flowered, with flowers loose or few.
+
*''regalis'': regal, royal.
 
+
*''regina'': queen.
ra rus: rare, uncommon.
+
*''regius'': regal, royal, kingly, pertaining to a king.
 
+
*''religiosus'': used for religious purposes, venerated.
rau cus: hoarse, raw.
+
*''remotus'': remote, with parts distant.
 
+
*''reniformis'': reniform, kidney-shaped.
reclina tus: reclined, bent back.
+
*''repandus'': repand, with margin wavy.
 
+
*''repens'': repent, creeping.
rec tus: straight, upright.
+
*''reptans'': creeping.
 
+
*''resectus'': cut off, curtailed, pruned.
recurva tus: recurved.
+
*''resinosus'': resin-bearing, full of resin.
 
+
*''reticulatus'': reticulate, netted, net- veined.
recurvifo lius: recurved-leaved.
+
*''retortus'': twisted back.
 
+
*''retroflexus'': reflexed.
recur vus: recurved, curved back.
+
*''retusus'': retuse, notched slightly at a rounded apex.
 
+
*''reversus'': reversed, end-for-end.
redivi vus: restored, brought to life.
+
*''revolutus'': revolute, rolled backward from the margins.
 
+
*''rex'': king.
reduplica tus: duplicated again, doubled again, redoubled.
+
*''rhamnifolius'': Rhamnus-leaved, buckthorn-leaved.
 
+
*''rhizophyllus'': root-leaved, acaulescent.
reflex us: reflexed, bent back.
+
*''rhodanthus'': rose-flowered.
 
+
*''rhodochilus'': rose-lipped or -margined.
refractus: broken, broken in pieces.
+
*''rhodocinctus'': rose-girdled.
 
+
*''rhodoneurus'': red-nerved.
reful gens: brightly shining, reflecting light or color.
+
*''rhomboideus'': rhomboidal.
 
+
*''ricinifolius'': Ricinus-leaved, with leaves of castor-oil plant.
rega lis: regal, royal.
+
*''rigidulus'': somewhat stiff or rigid.
 
+
*''rigidus'': rigid, stiff.
Regi na: Queen.
+
*''ringens'': ringent, gaping, open-mouthed.
 
+
*''riparius'': of river banks.
re gius: regal, royal, kingly, pertaining to a king.
+
*''rivalis'': pertaining to brooks.
 
+
*''rivularis'': brook-loving.
religio sus: used for religious purposes, venerated.
+
*''robustus'': robust, stout.
 
+
*''rosaceus'': rose-like.
remo tus: remote, with parts distant.
+
*''rosaeflorus'': rose-flowered.
 
+
*''roseus'': rose, rosy.
renifor mis: reniform, kidney-shaped.
+
*''rostratus'': rostrate, beaked.
 
+
*''rosularis'': rosulate, in rosettes.
repan dus: repand, with margin wavy.
+
*''rotatus'': rotate, wheel-shaped.
 
+
*''rotundifolius'': round-leaved.
re pens: repent, creeping.
+
*''rotundus'': rotund, round.
 
+
*''rubellus'': reddish.
rep tans: creeping.
+
*''rubens'': red, ruddy.
 
+
*''ruber'': red, ruddy.
resec tus: cut off, curtailed, pruned.
+
*''ruberrimus'': very red.
 
+
*''rubescens'': reddish, becoming red.
resino sus: resin-bearing, full of resin.
+
*''rubiaefolius'': rubus- or bramble-leaved.
 
+
*''rubicundus'': rubicund, red.
reticula tus: reticulate, netted, net- veined.
+
*''rubiginosus'': rusty.
 
+
*''rubricaulis'': red-stemmed.
retor tus: twisted back.
+
*''rubrifolius'': red-leaved.
 
+
*''rubronervis'': red-veined.
retroflex us: reflexed.
+
*''rufescens'': reddish, becoming red.
 
+
*''rufinervis'': red-nerved.
retu sus: retuse, notched slightly at a rounded apex.
+
*''rufus'': red, reddish.
 
+
*''rugosus'': rugose, wrinkled.
rever sus: reversed, end-for-end.
+
*''runcinatus'': runcinate, retrorsely or backwardly incised or toothed.
 
+
*''rupestris'': rock-loving.
revolu tus: revolute, rolled backward from the margins.
+
*''rupicolus'': growing on cliffs or ledges.
 
+
*''rusticus'': rustic, belonging to the country.
Rex: king.
+
*''ruthenicus'': Ruthenian, Russian.
 
+
*''rutilans'': red, becoming red.
rhamnifo lius: Rhamnus-leaved, buckthorn-leaved.
 
 
 
rhizophyl lus: root-leaved, acaulescent.
 
 
 
rhodan thus: rose-flowered.
 
 
 
rhodochi lus: rose-lipped or -margined.
 
 
 
rhodocinc tus: rose-girdled.
 
 
 
rhodoneu rus: red-nerved.
 
 
 
rhomboid eus: rhomboidal.
 
 
 
ricinifo lius: Ricinus-leaved, with leaves of castor-oil plant.
 
 
 
rigid ulus: somewhat stiff or rigid.
 
 
 
rig idus: rigid, stiff.
 
 
 
rin gens: ringent, gaping, open-mouthed.
 
 
 
ripa rius: of river banks.
 
 
 
riva lis: pertaining to brooks.
 
 
 
rivula ris: brook-loving.
 
 
 
robus tus: robust, stout.
 
 
 
rosa ceus: rose-like.
 
 
 
rosaeflo rus: rose-flowered.
 
 
 
ro seus: rose, rosy.
 
 
 
rostra tus: rostrate, beaked.
 
 
 
rosula ris: rosulate, in rosettes.
 
 
 
rota tus: rotate, wheel-shaped.
 
 
 
rotundifo lius: round-leaved.
 
 
 
rotun dus: rotund, round.
 
 
 
rubel lus: reddish.
 
 
 
ru bens: red, ruddy.
 
 
 
ru ber: red, ruddy.
 
 
 
ruber rimus: very red.
 
 
 
rubes cens: reddish, becoming red.
 
 
 
rubiaefo lius: rubus- or bramble-leaved.
 
 
 
rubicun dus: rubicund, red.
 
 
 
rubigino sus: rusty.
 
 
 
rubricau lis: red-stemmed.
 
 
 
rubrifo lius: red-leaved.
 
 
 
rubroner vis: red-veined.
 
 
 
rufes cens: reddish, becoming red.
 
 
 
rufiner vis: red-nerved.
 
 
 
ru fus: red, reddish.
 
 
 
rugo sus: rugose, wrinkled.
 
 
 
runcina tus: runcinate, retrorsely or backwardly incised or toothed.
 
 
 
rupes tris: rock-loving.
 
 
 
rupic olus: growing on cliffs or ledges.
 
 
 
rus ticus: rustic, belonging to the country.
 
 
 
ruthen icus: Ruthenian, Russian.
 
 
 
ru tilans: red, becoming red.
 
 
 
 
==S==
 
==S==
sacca tus: saccate, bag-like.  
+
*''saccatus'': saccate, bag-like.  
 
+
*''saccharatus'': containing sugar, sweet.
sacchara tus: containing sugar, sweet.
+
*''saccharifera'': sugar-bearing.
 
+
*''saccharinus'': saccharine.
saccharif era: sugar-bearing.
+
*''saccharum'': sugar.
 
+
*''saccifera'': bag-bearing.
sacchari nus: saccharine.
+
*''sachalinensis'': of Saghalien Isl. (N. Japan).
 
+
*''sagittalis'': of the arrow, sagittate.
sac charum: sugar.
+
*''sagittatus'': sagittate, arrow-like.
 
+
*''sagittifolius'': arrow-leaved.
saccif era: bag-bearing.
+
*''salicifolius'': salix-leaved, willow-leaved.
 
+
*''salicinus'': willow-like.
sachalinen sis: of Saghalien Isl. (N. Japan).
+
*''salignus'': of the willow.
 
+
*''sailnus'': salty.
sagitta lis: of the arrow, sagittate.
+
*''sambucinus'': sambucus- or elder-like.
 
+
*''sanctus'': holy.
sagitta tus: sagittate, arrow-like.
+
*''sandwicensis'': of the Sandwich or Hawaiian Isls.
 
+
*''sanguineus'': bloody, blood-red.
sagittifo lius: arrow-leaved.
+
*''sapidus'': savory, pleasing to taste.
 
+
*''sapientum'': of the wise men or authors.
salicifo lius: salix-leaved, willow-leaved.
+
*''saponaceus'': soapy.
 
+
*''sarcodes'': flesh-like.
salic inus: willow-like.
+
*''sarmaticus'': of Sarmatia (an ancient territory in S. Russia and Poland).
 
+
*''sarmentosus'': sarmentose, bearing runners.
salig nus: of the willow.
+
*''sativus'': cultivated.
 
+
*''saurocephalus'': lizard-headed.
sail nus: salty.
+
*''saxatilis'': found among rocks.
 
+
*''saxicolus'': growing among rocks.
sambu cinus: sambucus- or elder-like.
+
*''saxosus'': full of rocks.
 
+
*''scaber'': scabrous, rough.
sanc tus: holy.
+
*''scabrellus'': somewhat scabrous.
 
+
*''scandens'': scandent, climbing.
sandwicen sis: of the Sandwich or Hawaiian Isls.
+
*''scaposus'': with scapes.
 
+
*''sceptrum'': of a scepter.
sanguin eus: bloody, blood-red.
+
*''schizoneurus'': cut-nerved.
 
+
*''schizopetalus'': cut-petaled.
sap idus: savory, pleasing to taste.
+
*''schizohyllus'': cut-leaved.
 
+
*''scholaris'': pertaining to a school.
sapien tum: of the wise men or authors.
+
*''sclerocarpus'': hard-fruited.
 
+
*''sclerophyllus'': hard-leaved.
sapona ceus: soapy.
+
*''scotica'': Scottish, of Scotland.
 
+
*''sculptus'': carved.
sarco des: flesh-like.
+
*''scutellaris'': salver- or dish-shaped.
 
+
*''scutum'': a shield.
sarmat icus: of Sarmatia (an ancient territory in S. Russia and Poland).
+
*''sebifera'': tallow-bearing.
 
+
*''sebosus'': full of tallow or grease.
sarmento sus: sarmentose, bearing runners.
+
*''sechellarus'': of the Seychelles (Indian Ocean).
 
+
*''secundus'': secund, side-flowering.
sati vus: cultivated.
+
*''securigera'': axe-bearing.
 
+
*''segetum'': of cornfields.
sauroceph alus: lizard-headed.
+
*''semialatus'': semi-winged, half or somewhat winged.
 
+
*''semicaudatus'': semi- or partially tailed.
saxat ilis: found among rocks.
+
*''semicylindricus'': semi- or somewhat cylindrical.
 
+
*''semipinnatus'': half or imperfectly pinnate.
saxic olus: growing among rocks.
+
*''semperflorens'': ever flowering.
 
+
*''sempervirens'': ever green.
saxo sus: full of rocks.
+
*''senilis'': senile, old, white-haired.
 
+
*''sensibilis'': endowed with feeling, sensitive.
sca ber: scabrous, rough.
+
*''sensitivus'': sensitive.
 
+
*''sepiarius'': pertaining to hedges.
scabrel lus: somewhat scabrous.
+
*''sepium'': of hedges or fences.
 
+
*''septangularis'': seven-angled.
scan dens: scandent, climbing.
+
*''septumlobus'': seven-lobed.
 
+
*''septempunctatus'': seven-spotted.
scapo sus: with scapes.
+
*''septentrionalis'': northern, belonging to the North.
 
+
*''sepultus'': sepulchered, interred.
scep trum: of a scepter.
+
*''sericeus'': silky.
 
+
*''serotinus'': late, late-flowering or late-ripening.
schizoneu rus: cut-nerved.
+
*''serpens'': creeping, crawling.
 
+
*''serpentinus'': of snakes, serpentine, looping or waving.
schizopet alus: cut-petaled.
+
*''serratifolius'': serrate-leaved, saw-edge-leaved.
 
+
*''serratus'': serrate, saw-toothed.
schizohyl lus: cut-leaved.
+
*''serrulatus'': serrulate, somewhat serrate.
 
+
*''sesquipedalis'': one foot and a half long or high.
schola ris: pertaining to a school.
+
*''sessiflorus'': sessile-flowered, without pedicel.
 
+
*''sessifolius'': sessile-leaved, without petiole.
sclerocar pus: hard-fruited.
+
*''sessilifolius'': sessile-leaved.
 
+
*''sessilis'': sessile, stalkless, sitting.
sclerophyl lus: hard-leaved.
+
*''setaceus'': setaceous, bristle-like.
 
+
*''setigera'': bristly, bristle-bearing.
scot ica: Scotch, of Scotland.
+
*''setosus'': setose, full of bristles.
 
+
*''setulosus'': full of small bristles.
sculp tus: carved.
+
*''sibiricus'': of Siberia.
 
+
*''signatus'': marked, designated, attested.
scutella ris: salver- or dish-shaped.
+
*''sikkimensis'': of Sikhim or Sikkim (N. India).
 
+
*''siliceus'': pertaining to or growing in sand.
scu tum: a shield.
+
*''siliculosus'': bearing silicles.
 
+
*''silvaticus'': pertaining to woods, sylvan; sometimes sylvalictus.
sebif era: tallow-bearing.
+
*''silvestris'': pertaining to woods.
 
+
*''simplex'': simple, unbranched.
sebo sus: full of tallow or grease.
+
*''simplicicaulis'': simple-stemmed.
 
+
*''simplicifolius'': simple-leaved.
sechella rus: of the Seychelles (Indian Ocean).
+
*''simplicissimus'': simplest, very unbranched.
 
+
*''simulans'': similar to, resembling.
secun dus: secund, side-flowering.
+
*''sinensis'': Chinese, of China.
 
+
*''sinicus'': Chinese.
securig era: axe-bearing.
+
*''sinuatus'': sinuate, wavy-margined.
 
+
*''sinuosus'': sinuate.
seg etum: of cornfields.
+
*''sitchensis'': belonging to Sitka, Alaskan.
 
+
*''smaragdinus'': of emerald.
semiala tus: semi-winged, half or somewhat winged.
+
*''smilacinus'': of smilax.
 
+
*''sobolifera'': bearing creeping rooting stems or shoots.
semicauda tus: semi- or partially tailed.
+
*''socialis'': sociable, companionable.
 
+
*''socotranus'': of the Island of Socotra (south of Arabia).
semicylin dricus: semi- or somewhat cylindrical.
+
*''solaris'': solar, of the sun.
 
+
*''solidus'': solid, dense, not hollow.
semipinna tus: half or imperfectly pinnate.
+
*''somnifera'': sleep-producing.
 
+
*''sordidus'': dirty, unclean, foul.
semperflo rens: ever flowering.
+
*''spadiceus'': with a spadix.
 
+
*''sparsiflorus'': sparsely or few-flowered.
semper virens: ever green.
+
*''sparsifolius'': sparsely or few-leaved.
 
+
*''sparsus'': sparse, scattered, few.
seni lis: senile, old, white-haired.
+
*''sparteus'': pertaining to the broom.
 
+
*''spathaceus'': with a spathe.
sensib ilis: endowed with feeling, sensitive.
+
*''spathulatus'': spatulate, spoon-shaped, narrowed toward the base from a rounded top.
 
+
*''speciosissimus'': very showy.
sensiti vus: sensitive.
+
*''speciosus'': showy, good-looking.
 
+
*''spectabilis'': spectacular, worth seeing, remarkable, showy.
sepia rius: pertaining to hedges.
+
*''spectandus'': showy.
 
+
*''spectrum'': an image, apparition.
se pium: of hedges or fences.
+
*''sphacelatus'': dead, withered, diseased.
 
+
*''sphaericus'': spherical.
septangula ris: seven-angled.
+
*''sphaerocarpus'': spherical-fruited.
 
+
*''sphaerocephalus'': spherical-headed.
septum lobus: seven-lobed.
+
*''sphaeroideus'': sphere-like.
 
+
*''sphaerostachyus'': spherical-spiked.
septempuncta tus: seven-spotted.
+
*''spicatus'': spicate, with spikes.
 
+
*''spicigera'': spike-bearing.
septentriona lis: northern, belonging to the North.
+
*''spinosissimus'': most or very spiny.
 
+
*''spinosus'': full of spines.
sepul tus: sepulchered, interred.
+
*''spinulifera'': bearing small spines.
 
+
*''spinulosus'': somewhat or weakly spiny.
seric eus: silky.
+
*''spiralis'': spiral.
 
+
*''spirellus'': a spiral, little spiral.
serot inus: late, late-flowering or late-ripening.
+
*''splendens'': splendid.
 
+
*''splendidissimus'': very splendid.
ser pens: creeping, crawling.
+
*''splendidus'': splendid.
 
+
*''spumarius'': frothing, of froth or spume.
serpenti nus: of snakes, serpentine, looping or waving.
+
*''spurius'': spurious, false, bastard.
 
+
*''squalens'': daubed, filthy.
serratifo lius: serrate-leaved, saw-edge-leaved.
+
*''squalidus'': squalid, filthy.
 
+
*''squamatus'': squamate, with squamae or small scale-like leaves or bracts.
serra tus: serrate, saw-toothed.
+
*''squamosus'': squamate, full of scales.
 
+
*''squarrosus'': squarrose, with parts spreading or even recurved at ends.
serrula tus: serrulate, somewhat serrate.
+
*''stamineus'': bearing prominent stamens.
 
+
*''stans'': standing, erect, upright.
sesquipeda lis: one foot and a half long or high.
+
*''stauracanthus'': with spines cross-shaped.
 
+
*''stellaris'': starry.
sessiflo rus: sessile-flowered, without pedicel.
+
*''stellatus'': stellate, starry.
 
+
*''stellulatus'': of little stars.
sessifo lius: sessile-leaved, without petiole.
+
*''stenocephalus'': narrow-headed.
 
+
*''stenogynus'': with a narrow stigma.
sessilifo lius: sessile-leaved.
+
*''stenopetalus'': narrow-petaled.
 
+
*''stenophyllus'': narrow-leaved.
ses silis: sessile, stalkless, sitting.
+
*''stenopterus'': narrow-winged.
 
+
*''sterilis'': sterile, infertile.
seta ceus: setaceous, bristle-like.
+
*''stigmaticus'': marked, of stigmas.
 
+
*''stigmosus'': much marked, pertaining to stigmas.
setig era: bristly, bristle-bearing.
+
*''stipulaceus'': stipuled, with stipules.
 
+
*''stipularis'': stipuled.
seto sus: setose, full of bristles.
+
*''stipulatus'': stipuled.
 
+
*''stolonifera'': bearing stolons or runners that take root.
setulo sus: full of small bristles.
+
*''stramineus'': straw-coloured.
 
+
*''strangulatus'': strangled, constricted.
sibir icus: of Siberia.
+
*''streptocarpus'': twisted-fruited.
 
+
*''streptopetalus'': with petals twisted.
signa tus: marked, designated, attested.
+
*''streptophyllus'': twisted-leaved.
 
+
*''streptosepalus'': with sepals twisted.
sikkimen sis: of Sikhim or Sikkim (N. India).
+
*''striatulus'': somewhat or faintly striped.
 
+
*''striatus'': striated, striped.
silic eus: pertaining to or growing in sand.
+
*''strictiflorus'': strict- or stiff-flowered.
 
+
*''strictus'': strict, upright, erect.
siliculo sus: bearing silicles.
+
*''strigillosus'': somewhat strigose.
 
+
*''strigosus'': strigose, covered with sharp straight appressed hairs.
silvat icus: pertaining to woods, sylvan; sometimes sylvalictus.
+
*''strigulosus'': beset with small or weak appressed hairs.
 
+
*''striolatus'': striolate, somewhat or faintly striped.
silves tris: pertaining to woods.
+
*''strobilifera'': cone-bearing.
 
+
*''strumarius'': of tumors or ulcers.
simplex: simple, unbranched.
+
*''strumatus'': with tumors or ulcers.
 
+
*''stylosus'': with style or styles prominent.
simplicicau lis: simple-stemmed.
+
*''styracifluus'': flowing with storax or gum.
 
+
*''suaveolens'': sweet-scented.
simplicifo lius: simple-leaved.
+
*''suavis'': sweet, agreeable.
 
+
*''suavissimus'': sweetest, very sweet-scented.
simplicis simus: simplest, very unbranched.
+
*''subacaulis'': somewhat stemmed, nearly stemless.
 
+
*''subalpinus'': subalpine, nearly alpine.
sim ulans: similar to, resembling.
+
*''subauriculatus'': somewhat or rather auricled or eared.
 
+
*''subcarnosus'': nearly or rather fleshy.
sinen sis: Chinese, of China.
+
*''subcordatus'': partially or imperfectly or somewhat cordate.
 
+
*''subedentatus'': nearly toothless.
sin icus: Chinese.
+
*''suberculatus'': of cork, corky.
 
+
*''suberectus'': somewhat or rather erect.
sinua tus: sinuate, wavy-margined.
+
*''suberosus'': cork-barked, full of cork.
 
+
*''subfalcatus'': somewhat falcate.
sinuo sus: sinuate.
+
*''subglaucus'': somewhat or to some degree glaucous.
 
+
*''subhirtellus'': somewhat hairy.
sitchen sis: belonging to Sitka, Alaskan.
+
*''sublunatus'': somewhat lunate or crescent-shaped.
 
+
*''submersus'': submerged, under water.
smarag dinus: of emerald.
+
*''subperennis'': imperfectly or nearly perennial.
 
+
*''subpetiolatus'': somewhat or partially petioled.
smilac inus: of smilax.
+
*''subsessilis'': nearly sessile, not completely sessile.
 
+
*''suhsinuatus'': somewhat sinuate or wav>r-margined.
sobolif era: bearing creeping rooting stems or shoots.
+
*''subterraneus'': subterranean, underground.
 
+
*''subulatus'': subulate, awl-shaped.
socia lis: sociable, companionable.
+
*''subumbellatus'': somewhat or incompletely umbellate.
 
+
*''subvillosus'': somewhat villose or soft-hairy.
socotra nus: of the Island of Socotra (south of Arabia).
+
*''subvolubilis'': somewhat twining.
 
+
*''succulentus'': succulent, fleshy.
sola ris: solar, of the sun.
+
*''suecicus'': Swedish, of Sweden.
 
+
*''suffrutescens'': slightly shrubby, becoming somewhat shrubby.
sol idus: solid, dense, not hollow.
+
*''suffruticosus'': slightly shrubby.
 
+
*''sulcatus'': silicate, furrowed.
somnif era: sleep-producing.
+
*''sulphureus'': sulfur-coloured.
 
+
*''sumatranus'': of the island of Sumatra.
sor didus: dirty, unclean, foul.
+
*''superbiens'': superb, proud.
 
+
*''superbus'': superb, proud.
spadic eus: with a spadix.
+
*''superciliaris'': eyebrow-like.
 
+
*''superfluus'': superfluous, redundant.
sparsiflo rus: sparsely or few-flowered.
+
*''surculosus'': producing suckers.
 
+
*''surinamensis'': belonging to Surinam (Dutch Guiana).
sparsifo lius: sparsely or few-leaved.
+
*''susianus'': of the province of Susiana (Persia).
 
+
*''suspensus'': suspended, hung.
spar sus: sparse, scattered, few.
+
*''sylvaticus'': sylvan, forest-loving (also written silvaticus).
 
+
*''sylvestris'': of woods or forests.
spar teus: pertaining to the broom.
+
*''sylvicolus'': growing in woods
 
+
*''syphiliticus'': syphilitic.
spatha ceus: with a spathe.
+
*''syriacus'': Syrian, of Syria.
 
+
*''systylus'': with styles joined.
spathula tus: spatulate, spoon-shaped, narrowed toward the base from a rounded top.
 
 
 
speciosis simus: very showy.
 
 
 
specio sus: showy, good-looking.
 
 
 
spectab ilis: spectacular, worth seeing, remarkable, showy.
 
 
 
spectan dus: showy.
 
 
 
spec trum: an image, apparition.
 
 
 
sphacela tus: dead, withered, diseased.
 
 
 
sphaer icus: spherical.
 
 
 
sphaerocar pus: spherical-fruited.
 
 
 
sphaeroceph alus: spherical-headed.
 
 
 
sphaeroid eus: sphere-like.
 
 
 
sphaerosta chyus: spherical-spiked.
 
 
 
spica tus: spicate, with spikes.
 
 
 
spicig era: spike-bearing.
 
 
 
spinosis simus: most or very spiny.
 
 
 
spino sus: full of spines.
 
 
 
spinulif era: bearing small spines.
 
 
 
spinulo sus: somewhat or weakly spiny.
 
 
 
spira lis: spiral.
 
 
 
spirel lus: a spiral, little spiral.
 
 
 
splen dens: splendid.
 
 
 
splendidis simus: very splendid.
 
 
 
splen didus: splendid.
 
 
 
spuma rius: frothing, of froth or spume.
 
 
 
spu rius: spurious, false, bastard.
 
 
 
squa lens: daubed, filthy.
 
 
 
squal idus: squalid, filthy.
 
 
 
squama tus: squamate, with squamae or small scale-like leaves or bracts.
 
 
 
squamo sus: squamate, full of scales.
 
 
 
squarro sus: squarrose, with parts spreading or even recurved at ends.
 
 
 
stamin eus: bearing prominent stamens.
 
 
 
stans: standing, erect, upright.
 
 
 
stauracan thus: with spines cross-shaped.
 
 
 
stella ris: starry.
 
 
 
stella tus: stellate, starry.
 
 
 
stellula tus: of little stars.
 
 
 
stenoceph alus: narrow-headed.
 
 
 
stenog ynus: with a narrow stigma.
 
 
 
stenopet alus: narrow-petaled.
 
 
 
stenophyl lus: narrow-leaved.
 
 
 
stenop terus: narrow-winged.
 
 
 
ster ilis: sterile, infertile.
 
 
 
stigmat icus: marked, of stigmas.
 
 
 
stigmo sus: much marked, pertaining to stigmas.
 
 
 
stipula ceus: stipuled, with stipules.
 
 
 
stipula ris: stipuled.
 
 
 
stipula tus: stipuled.
 
 
 
stolonif era: bearing stolons or runners that take root.
 
 
 
stramin eus: straw-colored.
 
 
 
strangula tus: strangled, constricted.
 
 
 
streptocar pus: twisted-fruited.
 
 
 
streptopet alus: with petals twisted.
 
 
 
streptophyl lus: twisted-leaved.
 
 
 
streptosep alus: with sepals twisted.
 
 
 
striat ulus: somewhat or faintly striped.
 
 
 
stria tus: striated, striped.
 
 
 
strictiflo rus: strict- or stiff-flowered.
 
 
 
stric tus: strict, upright, erect.
 
 
 
strigillo sus: somewhat strigose.
 
 
 
strigo sus: strigose, covered with sharp straight appressed hairs.
 
 
 
strigulo sus: beset with small or weak appressed hairs.
 
 
 
striola tus: striolate, somewhat or faintly striped.
 
 
 
strobilif era: cone-bearing.
 
 
 
struma rius: of tumors or ulcers.
 
 
 
struma tus: with tumors or ulcers.
 
 
 
stylo sus: with style or styles prominent.
 
 
 
styracif luus: flowing with storax or gum.
 
 
 
suave olens: sweet-scented.
 
 
 
sua vis: sweet, agreeable.
 
 
 
suavis simus: sweetest, very sweet-scented.
 
 
 
subacau lis: somewhat stemmed, nearly stemless.
 
 
 
subalpi nus: subalpine, nearly alpine.
 
 
 
subauricula tus: somewhat or rather auricled or eared.
 
 
 
subcarno sus: nearly or rather fleshy.
 
 
 
subcorda tus: partially or imperfectly or somewhat cordate.
 
 
 
subedenta tus: nearly toothless.
 
 
 
subercula tus: of cork, corky.
 
 
 
suberec tus: somewhat or rather erect.
 
 
 
subero sus: cork-barked, full of cork.
 
 
 
subfalca tus: somewhat falcate.
 
 
 
subglau cus: somewhat or to some degree glaucous.
 
 
 
subhirtel lus: somewhat hairy.
 
 
 
subluna tus: somewhat lunate or crescent-shaped.
 
 
 
submer sus: submerged, under water.
 
 
 
subperen nis: imperfectly or nearly perennial.
 
 
 
subpetiola tus: somewhat or partially petioled.
 
 
 
subses silis: nearly sessile, not completely sessile.
 
 
 
suhsinua tus: somewhat sinuate or wav>r-margined.
 
 
 
subterra neus: subterranean, underground.
 
 
 
subula tus: subulate, awl-shaped.
 
 
 
subumbella tus: somewhat or incompletely umbellate.
 
 
 
subvillo sus: somewhat villose or soft-hairy.
 
 
 
subvolu bilis: somewhat twining.
 
 
 
succulen tus: succulent, fleshy.
 
 
 
suec icus: Swedish, of Sweden.
 
 
 
suffrutes cens: slightly shrubby, becoming somewhat shrubby.
 
 
 
suffrutico sus: slightly shrubby.
 
 
 
sulca tus: silicate, furrowed.
 
 
 
sulphu reus: sulfur-colored.
 
 
 
sumatra nus: of the Isl. of Sumatra.
 
 
 
superb iens: superb, proud.
 
 
 
super bus: superb, proud.
 
 
 
supercilia ris: eyebrow-like.
 
 
 
super fluus: superfluous, redundant.
 
 
 
surculo sus: producing suckers.
 
 
 
surinamen sis: belonging to Surinam (Dutch Guiana).
 
 
 
susia nus: of the province of Susiana (Persia).
 
 
 
suspen sus: suspended, hung.
 
 
 
sylvat icus: sylvan, forest-loving (also written silvaticus).
 
 
 
sylves tris: of woods or forests.
 
 
 
sylvic olus: growing in woods
 
 
 
syphilit icus: syphilitic.
 
 
 
syri acus: Syrian, of Syria.
 
 
 
sys tylus: with styles joined.
 
 
 
 
==T==
 
==T==
tabula ris: pertaining to tablets.
+
*''tabularis'': pertaining to tablets.
 
+
*''tabuliformis'': tablet-formed.
tabulifor mis: tablet-formed.
+
*''taedigera'': torch-bearing, resin-bearing.
 
+
*''taraxicifolius'': Taraxicum- or dandelion-leaved.
taedig era: torch-bearing, resin-bearing.
+
*''tardiflorus'': late-flowered.
 
+
*''tardivus'': tardy, late.
taraxicifo lius: Taraxicum- or dandelion-leaved.
+
*''tataricus'': of Tartary (old name for Central Asia).
 
+
*''taureus'': of oxen.
tardiflo rus: late-flowered.
+
*''tauricus'': Taurian, Crimean.
 
+
*''taurinus'': bull-like.
tardi vus: tardy, late.
+
*''taxifolius'': Taxus-leaved, yew-leaved.
 
+
*''tectorum'': of roofs or houses.
tatar icus: of Tartary (old name for Central Asia).
+
*''tectus'': concealed.
 
+
*''temulentus'': drunken.
tau reus: of oxen.
+
*''tenacissimus'': most tenacious.
 
+
*''tenax'': tenacious, strong.
tau ricus: Taurian, Crimean.
+
*''tenebrosus'': of dark or shaded places.
 
+
*''tenellus'': slender, tender, soft.
tauri nus: bull-like.
+
*''tener'': slender, tender, soft.
 
+
*''tentaculatus'': with tentacles or short projecting parts.
taxifo lius: Taxus-leaved, yew-leaved.
+
*''tenuicaulis'': slender-stemmed.
 
+
*''tenuiflorus'': slender-flowered.
tecto rum: of roofs or houses.
+
*''tenuifolius'': slender-leaved.
 
+
*''tenuilobus'': slender-lobed.
tec tus: concealed.
+
*''tenuior'': more slender.
 
+
*''tenuis'': slender, thin.
temulen tus: drunken.
+
*''tenuissimus'': very slender, very thin.
 
+
*''terebinthinus'': of turpentine.
tenacis simus: most tenacious.
+
*''teres'': terete, circular in cross-section.
 
+
*''teretifolius'': terete-leaved.
te nax: tenacious, strong.
+
*''terminalis'': terminal, at the end of a stem or branch.
 
+
*''ternatus'': in threes, ternate.
tenebro sus: of dark or shaded places.
+
*''ternifolius'': with leaves in threes.
 
+
*''terrestris'': of the earth, terrestrial.
tenel lus: slender, tender, soft.
+
*''tessellatus'': tessellate, laid off in squares or in dice-like pattern.
 
+
*''testaceus'': light brown, brick-coloured; also testaceous, bearing a prominent testa or outer seed-coat.
ten er: slender, tender, soft.
+
*''testiculatus'': testiculated, testicled.
 
+
*''testudinarius'': like a tortoise-shell.
tentacula tus: with tentacles or short projecting parts.
+
*''tetracanthus'': four-spined.
 
+
*''tetragonus'': four-angled.
tenuicau lis: slender-stemmed.
+
*''tetrandrus'': four-anthered.
 
+
*''tetranthus'': four-flowered.
tenuiflo rus: slender-flowered.
+
*''tetraphyllus'': four-leaved.
 
+
*''tetrapterus'': four-winged.
tenuifo lius: slender-leaved.
+
*''tetraquetrus'': four-cornered.
 
+
*''texanus, texen sis'': of Texas, belonging to Texas.
tenuil obus: slender-lobed.
+
*''theifera'': tea-bearing.
 
+
*''thermalis'': warm, of warm springs.
tenu ior: more slender.
+
*''thuyoides'': like Thuja or arbor-vitae.
 
+
*''thyrsiflorus'': Thyrse-flowered.
ten uis: slender, thin.
+
*''thyrsoideus'': thyrse-like.
 
+
*''tibicinis'': of a flute player.
tenuis simus: very slender, very thin.
+
*''tigrinus'': tiger-striped.
 
+
*''tinctorius'': belonging to dyers, of dyes.
terebinth inus: of turpentine.
+
*''tinctus'': dyed.
 
+
*''tipuliformis'': of the shape of a daddy-long-legs.
te res: terete, circular in cross-section.
+
*''tomentosus'': tomentose, matted-pubescent.
 
+
*''torminalis'': useful against colic.
teretifo lius: terete-leaved.
+
*''torosus'': torose, cylindrical with contractions at certain places or at intervals.
 
+
*''tortilis'': twisted.
termina lis: terminal, at the end of a stem or branch.
+
*''tortuosus'': much twisted.
 
+
*''tortus'': twisted.
terna tus: in threes, ternate.
+
*''torulosus'': somewhat torose.
 
+
*''toxicarius'': poisonous.
ternifo lius: with leaves in threes.
+
*''toxicus'': poisonous.
 
+
*''toxifera'': poison-producing.
terres tris: of the earth, terrestrial.
+
*''transparens'': transparent.
 
+
*''trapeziformis'': trapezium-formed, a four-sided figure of which no two sides are alike.
tessella tus: tessellate, laid off in squares or in dice-like pattern.
+
*''trapezioides'': trapezium-like.
 
+
*''tremuloides'': like Tremulus, the trembling poplar.
testa ceus: light brown, brick-colored; also testaceous, bearing a prominent testa or outer seed-coat.
+
*''tremulus'': quivering, trembling.
 
+
*''triacanthus'': three-spined.
testicula tus: testiculated, testicled.
+
*''triandrus'': with three anthers or stamens
 
+
*''triangularis'': three-angled.
testudina rius: like a tortoise-shell.
+
*''triangulatus'': three-angled.
 
+
*''triangulus'': three-angular.
tetracan thus: four-spined.
+
*''tricaudatus'': three-tailed.
 
+
*''trichophyllus'': hairy-leaved.
tetrago nus: four-angled.
+
*''trichosanthus'': hairy-flowered.
 
+
*''trichospe mus'': hairy-seeded.
tetran drus: four-anthered.
+
*''trichotomus'': thrice branched or forked.
 
+
*''tricolor'': three-coloured.
tetran thus: four-flowered.
+
*''tricornis'': three-horned.
 
+
*''tricuspidatus'': three-cusped, three-pointed.
tetraphyl lus: four-leaved.
+
*''tridactylus'': three-fingered.
 
+
*''tridens'': with three teeth.
tetrap terus: four-winged.
+
*''tridentatus'': three-toothed.
 
+
*''trifasciatus'': three-banded.
tetraque trus: four-cornered.
+
*''trifidus'': three-parted.
 
+
*''triflorus'': three-flowered.
texa nus, texen sis: of Texas, belonging to Texas.
+
*''trifoliatus'': three-leaved.
 
+
*''trifoliolatus'': three-leafleted.
theif era: tea-bearing.
+
*''trifolius'': three-leaved.
 
+
*''trifurcatus'': trifurcate, thrice-forked.
therma lis: warm, of warm springs.
+
*''trilineatus'': three-lined.
 
+
*''trilobatus'': three-lobed.
thuyoi des: like Thuja or arbor-vitae.
+
*''trilobus'': three-lobed.
 
+
*''trimestris'': of three months.
thyrsiflo rus: Thyrse-flowered.
+
*''trinervis'': three-nerved.
 
+
*''trinotatus'': three-marked or -spotted.
thyrsoid eus: thyrse-like.
+
*''tripartitus'': three-parted.
 
+
*''tripetalus'': three-petaled.
tibic inis: of a flute player.
+
*''triphyllus'': three-leaved.
 
+
*''tripteris'': three-winged.
tigri nus: tiger-striped.
+
*''tripunctatus'': three-spotted.
 
+
*''triquetrus'': three-cornered.
tincto rius: belonging to dyers, of dyes.
+
*''tristis'': sad, bitter, dull.
 
+
*''triternatus'': triternate, thrice in threes.
tinc tus: dyed.
+
*''triumphans'': triumphant.
 
+
*''trivialis'': common, ordinary, very frequent, found everywhere.
tipulifor mis: of the shape of a daddy-long-legs.
+
*''tropicus'': of the tropics.
 
+
*''truncatulus'': somewhat or partially truncate.
tomento sus: tomentose, matted-pubescent.
+
*''truncatus'': truncate, cut off square.
 
+
*''tuberculatus'': tuberculate, with tubercles or small tubers.
tormina lis: useful against colic.
+
*''tuberculosus'': tubercled, knotted.
 
+
*''tuberosus'': tuberous.
toro sus: torose, cylindrical with contractions at certain places or at intervals.
+
*''tubiflorus'': tube-flowered, trumpet-flowered.
 
+
*''tubispathus'': tube-spathed.
tor tilis: twisted.
+
*''tubulosus'': tubulose, with tubes.
 
+
*''tulipifera'': tulip-bearing.
tortuo sus: much twisted.
+
*''tumidus'': swollen.
 
+
*''turbinatus'': turbinate, top-shaped.
tor tus: twisted.
+
*''turgidus'': turgid, inflated, full.
 
+
*''typhinus'': smoky or dull; perhaps pertaining to fever.
torulo sus: somewhat torose.
+
*''typicus'': typical, conforming to the standard or norm.
 
 
toxica rius: poisonous.
 
 
 
tox icus: poisonous.
 
 
 
toxif era: poison-producing.
 
 
 
transpa rens: transparent.
 
 
 
trapezifor mis: trapezium-formed, a four-sided figure of which no two sides are alike.
 
 
 
trapezioi des: trapezium-like.
 
 
 
tremuloi des: like Tremulus, the trembling poplar.
 
 
 
trem ulus: quivering, trembling.
 
 
 
triacan thus: three-spined.
 
 
 
trian drus: with three anthers or stamens
 
 
 
triangula ris: three-angled.
 
 
 
triangula tus: three-angled.
 
 
 
trian gulus: three-angular.
 
 
 
tricauda tus: three-tailed.
 
 
 
trichophyl lus: hairy-leaved.
 
 
 
trichosan thus: hairy-flowered.
 
 
 
trichosper mus: hairy-seeded.
 
 
 
trichot omus: thrice branched or forked.
 
 
 
tric olor: throe-colored.
 
 
 
tricor nis: three-horned.
 
 
 
tricuspida tus: three-cusped, three-pointed.
 
 
 
tridac tylus: three-fingered.
 
 
 
tri dens: with three teeth.
 
 
 
tridenta tus: three-toothed.
 
 
 
trifascia tus: three-banded.
 
 
 
trif idus: three-parted.
 
 
 
triflo rus: three-flowered.
 
 
 
trifolia tus: three-leaved.
 
 
 
trifoliola tus: three-leafleted.
 
 
 
trifo lius: three-leaved.
 
 
 
trifurca tus: trifurcate, thrice-forked.
 
 
 
trilinea tus: three-lined.
 
 
 
triloba tus: three-lobed.
 
 
 
tril obus: three-lobed.
 
 
 
trimes tris: of three months.
 
 
 
triner vis: three-nerved.
 
 
 
trinota tus: three-marked or -spotted.
 
 
 
triparti tus: three-parted.
 
 
 
tripet alus: three-petaled.
 
 
 
triphyl lus: three-leaved.
 
 
 
trip teris: three-winged.
 
 
 
tripuncta tus: three-spotted.
 
 
 
trique trus: three-cornered.
 
 
 
tris tis: sad, bitter, dull.
 
 
 
triterna tus: triternate, thrice in threes.
 
 
 
trium phans: triumphant.
 
 
 
trivia lis: common, ordinary, very frequent, found everywhere.
 
 
 
trop icus: of the tropics.
 
 
 
truncat ulus: somewhat or partially truncate.
 
 
 
trunca tus: truncate, cut off square.
 
 
 
tubercula tus: tuberculate, with tubercles or small tubers.
 
 
 
tuberculo sus: tubercled, knotted.
 
 
 
tubero Bus: tuberous.
 
 
 
tubiflo rus: tube-flowered, trumpet-flowered.
 
 
 
tubis pathus: tube-spathed.
 
 
 
tubulo sus: tubulose, with tubes.
 
 
 
tulipif era: tulip-bearing.
 
 
 
tu midus: swollen.
 
 
 
turbi na tus: turbinate, top-shaped.
 
 
 
tur gidus: turgid, inflated, full.
 
 
 
typhl nus: smoky or dull; perhaps pertaining to fever.
 
 
 
typ icus: typical, conforming to the standard or norm.
 
 
 
 
==U==
 
==U==
ulic inus: like the gorse or furze (Ulex).
+
*''ulicinus'': like the gorse or furze (Ulex).
 
+
*''uliginosus'': of wet or marshy places.
uligino sus: of wet or marshy places.
+
*''ulmifolius'': Ulmus-leaved, elm-leaved.
 
+
*''umbeliatus'': with umbels.
ulmifo lius: Ulmus-leaved, elm-leaved.
+
*''umbellulatus'': with umbellets.
 
+
*''umbonatus'': bossed, bearing at center an umbo or stout projection.
umbelia tus: with umbels.
+
*''umbraculifera'': umbrella-bearing, shade-producing.
 
+
*''umbrosus'': shaded, shade-loving.  
umbellula tus: with umbellets.
+
*''uncinatus'': hooked at the point.  
 
+
*''unditus'': waved.
umbona tus: bossed, bearing at center an umbo or stout projection.
+
*''undecimpunctatus'': eleven-spotted.  
 
+
*''undulatifolius'': undulate-leaved.  
umbraculif era: umbrella-bearing, shade-producing.
+
*''undulatus'': undulated, wavy.  
 
+
*''unguicularis'': clawed, narrowed to a petiole-like base.
umbro sus: shaded, shade-loving.  
+
*''unguiculatus'': unguiculate, clawed.  
 
+
*''unguipetalus'': petals clawed.  
uncina tus: hooked at the point.  
+
*''unicolor'': one-coloured.  
 
+
*''unicornis'': one-horned.  
undi tus: waved.
+
*''unidentatus'': one-toothed.  
 
+
*''uniflorus'': one-flowered.  
undecimpuncta tus: eleven-spotted.  
+
*''unilateralis'': one-sided.  
 
+
*''univittatus'': one-striped.  
undulatifo lius: undulate-leaved.  
+
*''urceolatus'': urn-shaped.  
 
+
*''urens'': burning, stinging.  
undula tus: undulated, wavy.  
+
*''urentissimus'': very burning, very stinging.
 
+
*''urophyllus'': tail-leaved.  
unguicula ris: clawed, narrowed to a petiole-like base.
+
*''urustachyus'': tail-spiked.  
 
+
*''ursinus'': pertaining to bears.  
unguicula tus: unguiculate, clawed.  
+
*''urticifolius'': nettle-leaved (''Urtica'').  
 
+
*''usitatissimus'': most useful.  
unguipet alus: petals clawed.  
+
*''ustulatus'': burnt, sere.  
 
+
*''utilis'': useful.  
unic olor: one-colored.  
+
*''utilissimus'': most useful.  
 
+
*''utriculatus'': utriculate, with a utricle or small bladdery one-seeded fruit.
unicor nis: one-horned.  
+
*''utriculosus'': utricled.  
 
+
*''uvifera'': grape-bearing.
unidenta tus: one-toothed.  
 
 
 
uniflo rus: one-flowered.  
 
 
 
unilatera lis: one-sided.  
 
 
 
univitta tus: one-striped.  
 
 
 
urceola tus: urn-shaped.  
 
 
 
u rens: burning, stinging.  
 
 
 
urentis simus: very burning, very stinging.
 
 
 
urophyl lus: tail-leaved.  
 
 
 
urusta chyus: tail-spiked.  
 
 
 
ursi nus: pertaining to bears.  
 
 
 
urticifo lius: nettle-leaved (Urtica).  
 
 
 
usitatis simus: most useful.  
 
 
 
ustula tus: burnt, sere.  
 
 
 
u tilis: useful.  
 
 
 
utilis simus: most useful.  
 
 
 
utricula tus: utriculate, with a utricle or small bladdery one-seeded fruit.
 
 
 
utriculo sus: utricled.  
 
 
 
uvif era: grape-bearing.
 
 
 
 
==V==
 
==V==
va gans: wandering, vagabondish.  
+
*''vagans'': wandering, vagabondish.  
 
+
*''vaginalis'': vaginate, sheathed.  
vagina lis: vaginate, sheathed.  
+
*''vaginatus'': sheathed.  
 
+
*''valdivianus, valdiviensis'': Valdivian, of province of Valdivia (Chile).  
vagina tus: sheathed.  
+
*''valentinus'': Valentian, of Valentia (in Spain).  
 
+
*''validus'': strong.
valdivia nus, valdivien sis: Valdivian, of province of Valdivia (Chile).  
+
*''variabilis'': variable, of many forms.  
 
+
*''varians'': variable.  
valenti nus: Valentian, of Valentia (in Spain).  
+
*''variatus'': variable.  
 
+
*''variegatus'': variegated.  
val idus: strong.
+
*''vaiiiformis'': of variable or many forms.
 
+
*''varius'': various, diverse.  
variab ilis: variable, of many forms.  
+
*''vastator'' (feminine ''vastatrix''): ravaging, devastating.
 
+
*''vegetatus'': full of growth, vigorous.  
va rians: variable.  
+
*''vegetus'': vigorous.  
 
+
*''velaris'': pertaining to curtains or veils.
varia tus: variable.  
+
*''velutinus'': velvety.  
 
+
*''venenatus'': poisonous.  
variega tus: variegated.  
+
*''venosus'': veiny.  
 
+
*''ventricosus'': ventricose, swelling or inflated on one side or unevenly.  
vaiiifor mis: of variable or many forms.
+
*''venustus'': handsome, charming.  
 
+
*''verecundus'': modest, blushing.  
va rius: various, diverse.  
+
*''vermiculatus'': worm-like, or like worm-tracks.  
 
+
*''vernalis'': vernal.  
vasta tor (feminine vastatrix): ravaging, devastating.
+
*''vernicifera'': varnish-bearing.  
 
+
*''vernus'': of spring, vernal.  
vegeta tus: full of growth, vigorous.  
+
*''verrucosus'': verrucose, warted.  
 
+
*''versicolor'': variously coloured.  
veg etus: vigorous.  
+
*''verticillaris'': verticillate.
 
+
*''verticillatus'': verticillate, whorled, arranged in a circle about the stem.
vela ris: pertaining to curtains or veils.
+
*''verus'': the true or genuine or standard.
 
+
*''vescus'': weak, thin, feeble.
velu tinus: velvety.  
+
*''vesiculosus'': with little bladders
 
+
*''vespertinus'': of the evening, western.
venena tus: poisonous.  
+
*''vestitus'': covered, clothed, as with hairs or pubescence.
 
+
*''vexans'': puzzling, vexatious.
veno sus: veiny.  
+
*''vexillarius'': of the standard petal (as of pea-like flowers), with a standard.
 
+
*''villosus'': villous, soft-hairy.
ventrico sus: ventricose, swelling or inflated on one side or unevenly.  
+
*''viminalis'': of osiers, of basket willows.
 
+
*''vimineus'': of osiers or wicker-work.
venus tus: handsome, charming.  
+
*''vinifera'': wine-bearing.
 
+
*''vinosus'': full of wine.
verecun dus: modest, blushing.  
+
*''violaceus'': violet.
 
+
*''violescens'': somewhat violet-coloured or becoming so.
vermicula tus: worm-like, or like worm-tracks.  
+
*''virens'': green.
 
+
*''virescens'': greenish, becoming green.
verna lis: vernal.  
+
*''virgatus'': twiggy.
 
+
*''virginalis'': virgin.
vernicif era: varnish-bearing.  
+
*''virgineus'': virgin.
 
+
*''virginicus, virginien sis'': Virginian, of Virginia.
ver nus: of spring, vernal.  
+
*''viridiflorus'': green-flowered.
 
+
*''viridifolius'': green-leaved.
verruco sus: verrucose, warted.  
+
*''viridis'': green.
 
+
*''viridissimus'': greenest, very green.
versic olor: variously colored.  
+
*''viridulus'': greenish.
 
+
*''viscidulus'': somewhat viscid.
verticilla ris: verticillate.
+
*''viscidus'': viscid, sticky.
 
+
*''viscosissimus'': very sticky.
verticilla tus: verticillate, whorled, arranged in a circle about the stem.
+
*''viscosus'': viscid.
 
+
*''vitellinus'': dull yellow approaching red.
ve rus: the true or genuine or standard.
+
*''vitifolius'': Vitis-leaved, grape-leaved.
 
+
*''vittatus'': striped.
ves cus: weak, thin, feeble.
+
*''vittigera'': bearing stripes.
 
+
*''viviparus'': viviparous, producing the young alive (rather-than oviparous).
vesiculo sus: with little bladders
+
*''volgaricus'': of the Volga River region (also written wolgaricus).
 
+
*''volubilis'': twining.
vesperti nus: of the evening, western.
+
*''voluptas'': pleasure, delight.
 
+
*''volurus'': rolled-leaved.
vesti tus: covered, clothed, as with hairs or pubescence.
+
*''vulgaris'': vulgar, common.
 
+
*''vulgatus'': common.
vex ans: puzzling, vexatious.
+
*''vulpinus'': of the fox.
 
 
vexilla rius: of the standard petal (as of pea-like flowers), with a standard.
 
 
 
villo sus: villous, soft-hairy.
 
 
 
vimina lis: of osiers, of basket willows.
 
 
 
vimin eus: of osiers or wicker-work.
 
 
 
vinif era: wine-bearing.
 
 
 
vino sus: full of wine.
 
 
 
viola ceus: violet.
 
 
 
violes cens: somewhat violet-colored or becoming so.
 
 
 
vi rens: green.
 
 
 
vires cens: greenish, becoming green.
 
 
 
virga tus: twiggy.
 
 
 
virgina lis: virgin.
 
 
 
virgin eus: virgin.
 
 
 
virgin icus, virginien sis: Virginian, of Virginia.
 
 
 
viridiflo rus: green-flowered.
 
 
 
viridifo lius: green-leaved.
 
 
 
vir idis: green.
 
 
 
viridis simus: greenest, very green.
 
 
 
virid ulus: greenish.
 
 
 
viscid ulus: somewhat viscid.
 
 
 
vis cidus: viscid, sticky.
 
 
 
viscosis simus: very sticky.
 
 
 
visco sus: viscid.
 
 
 
vitelli nus: dull yellow approaching red.
 
 
 
vitifo lius: Vitis-leaved, grape-leaved.
 
 
 
vitta tus: striped.
 
 
 
vittig era: bearing stripes.
 
 
 
vivip arus: viviparous, producing the young alive (rather-than oviparous).
 
 
 
volgar icus: Volgan, of the Volga river region (written also wolgaricus).
 
 
 
volu bilis: twining.
 
 
 
volup tas: pleasure, delight.
 
 
 
volu rus: rolled-leaved.
 
 
 
vulga ris: vulgar, common.
 
 
 
vulga tus: common.
 
 
 
vulpi nus: of the fox.
 
 
 
 
==W==
 
==W==
wolgar icus: Volgan (see volgaricus).
+
*''wolgaricus'': Volga River (see volgaricus).
 
 
 
==X==
 
==X==
xanthacan thus: yellow-spined.
+
*''xanthacanthus'': yellow-spined.
 
+
*''xanthinus'': yellow.
xan thi nus: yellow.
+
*''xanthocarpus'': yellow-fruited.
 
+
*''xantholeucus'': yellow-white.
xanthocar pus: yellow-fruited.
+
*''xanthophyllus'': yellow-leaved.
 
 
xantholeu cus: yellow-white.
 
 
 
xanthophyl lus: yellow-leaved.
 
 
 
 
==Y==
 
==Y==
yedoen sis: of Yedo or Yeddo (Japan).  
+
*''yedoensis'': of Yedo or Yeddo (Japan).  
 
+
*''yunnanensis'': of Province of Yunnan, China.
yunnanen sis: of Province of Yun-nan, China.
 
 
 
 
==Z==
 
==Z==
zebri nus: zebra-striped.
+
*''zebrinus'': zebra-striped.
 +
*''zeylanicus'': Ceylonian, of Ceylon; Cingalese; same as ceylanicus.
 +
*''zonilis'': zonal, zoned.
 +
*''zonatus'': zoned, banded.
  
zeylan icus: Ceylonian, of Ceylon; Cingalese; same as ceylanicus.  
+
==More information on species names==
 +
The species-adjective is made to agree with its genus in gender: thus the Latin adjective ''aureus'' (golden) takes the regular masculine termination in ''Calochortus aureus'', because Calochortus is masculine; the feminine termination in Albuca aurea; the neuter in ''Acrostichum aureum''; in Sorbus it is feminine (''S. aurea'') even though the generic name is masculine in form, because most trees are feminine whatever the termination of the name. In the following list, for convenience most of the adjectives are printed in the masculine form. The leading exceptions are those that terminate in ''-fer'' and ''-ger'', meaning "bearuig," these being given in the feminine form.
  
zoni lis: zonal, zoned.  
+
The above examples illustrate prevailing terminations of species-words. Other adjectives have other forms, as ''niger''; ''nigra'', ''nigrum'' (black); ''asper'', ''aspera'', ''asperum'' (rough); ''acaulis'', ''acaule'' (stemless); the termination ''-ensis'' (belonging to, citizen of), as in ''canadensis'', ''canadense'' (not ''-um''). Commemorative personal species-names may be in the genitive or in the form of an adjective; as ''Stanhopea Lindleyi''. Lindley's stanhopea; ''Selenipedium Lindleyanum'', Lindleyan selenipedium. If the person's name ends in a hard consonant, the termination (under the recent Vienna code) is in double ii, as ''Canna Lambertii''. If for a woman, the termination is feminine, as Acacia Wayae. Substantive names in apposition hold their own termination, and the word in such cases should begin with a capital letter, if it is a proper name or an old generic name, as ''Hibiscus Sabdariffa'', ''Artemisia Absinthium'', ''Begonia Rex''. Such words are usually old generic names or prominent vernacular substantives, and they commonly record some historical connection of the plant.
  
zona tus: zoned, banded.
+
Very many names are compounded from generic or subgeneric names, representing similarity or likeness to. These the reader will be able to recognize at once, and they need not be entered in this list. Examples are: ''achilleaefolius'', achillea-leaved; ''achilleoides'', achillea-like; ''acrostichoides'', acrostichum-like; ''bellidiflorus'', bellis-flowered; ''lamiifolius'', lamium-leaved; ''xiphioides'', xiphium-like; ''tremuliformis'', tremula-formed or -shaped; ''cacaliopsis'', cacalia-like; ''atriplicis'', atriplex-like; ''scillaris'', scilla-like.

Latest revision as of 01:40, 15 February 2010

English equivalents of Latin names of species

Plants may have one or more common names, which are like nicknames, but they only have one botanical name (which is also called a Latin name, scientific name or technical name). The botanical name of a plant consists of two words, the genus name (generic word, common to the entire group or genus), followed by the the species name (specific or particular word, designating the given species). The species name is often somehow descriptive of the plant, or where it was found, or derived from someone's name. So for example, Briza maxima is the large Briza, B. minor the small Briza, and B. media the intermediate Briza. Abies sibirica; the Siberian Abies, is a geographic example, while A. fraseri, Fraser's Abies, is commemorative.

Although the species-word is not always designative and is sometimes even inapplicable, nevertheless the student is aided if he knows what the word means in English translation; and the following list is inserted to supply this knowledge for characteristic Latin or Latinized descriptive adjectives (in some cases nouns in the genitive or in apposition) applied to the species of plants. These words are likely to be used in differing meanings in different genera and as applied by different authors; in many cases, they do not follow the usages of classical Latin: therefore a list of this kind cannot be exact or give all the meanings in which the words may be applied as specific names. The generic names (the first word in the combination) need not be listed here, for they are not adjectives of description but made-up substantives; and, moreover, their origins are explained at the entries in the text.


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A

  • abbreviatus: abbreviated, shortened.
  • abortivus: aborted, parts failing.
  • abruptus: abrupt, suddenly changing in shape or character.
  • abyssinicus: Abyssinian.
  • acaulis: stemless.
  • acephalus: headless.
  • acerbus: acerb, harsh or sour (taste).
  • aceroldes: acer-like, maple-like.
  • acerosus: needle-shaped.
  • acicularis: needle-like.
  • acidissimus: exceedingly sour.
  • acidus: acid, sour.
  • acinaceus: scimetar-or saber-shaped.
  • acris: acrid, sharp.
  • aculeatus: prickly.
  • acuminatus: acuminate, long-pointed, tapering.
  • acutangulus: acutely or sharply angled.
  • acutifidus: acutely or sharply cut.
  • acutifolius: acutely leaved, sharp-leaved.
  • acutilobus: acutely lobed.
  • acutipetalus: petals acute or sharp (pointed).
  • acutus: acute, sharp-pointed.
  • admirabills: admirable, noteworthy.
  • adnatus: adnate, joined to.
  • adpressus: pressed against.
  • adscendens: ascending.
  • adsurgens: rising to an erect position, ascending.
  • aduncus: hooked.
  • advenus: newly arrived, adventive.
  • aegyptiacus: Egyptian.
  • aemulus: emulative, imitating.
  • aeneus: brazen, bronze-coloured.
  • aequinoctialis: pertaining to the equinox.
  • aequipetalus: equal-petaled.
  • aeruginosus: rusty, rust-coloured.
  • aestivalis: summer.
  • aestivus: summer.
  • aethiopicus: Ethiopian, African.
  • affinis: related (to another species).
  • africanus: African.
  • agavoides: Agave-like.
  • ageratoides: ageratum-like.
  • aggregatus: aggregate, clustered.
  • agrarius: of the fields.
  • agrestis: of or pertaining to the fields.
  • aizoides: aizoon-like (Aizoon, an evergreen or tenacious plant).
  • alatus: winged.
  • albescens: whitish, becoming white.
  • albicans: whitish.
  • albicaulis: white-stemmed.
  • albidus: white.
  • albiflorus: white-flowered.
  • albifrons: white-fronded, white-herbaged.
  • albispinus: white-spined.
  • albocinctus: white-girdled, white-crowned.
  • albospicus: white-spiked.
  • albus: white.
  • alcicornis: elk-horned.
  • aleppicus: of Aleppo (in Syria).
  • alliaceus: of the alliums, garlic-like.
  • aloides: aloe-like.
  • alpestris: alpine.
  • alpinus: alpine.
  • altaicus: of the Altai Mts. (S. Siberia).
  • alternans: alternating.
  • alternus: alternating, alternate.
  • altifrons: tall-fronded or -herbaged.
  • altissimus: very tall, tallest.
  • altus: tall.
  • amabills: lovely.
  • amarus: bitter.
  • ambiguus: ambiguous, doubtful.
  • amelloides: amellus-like.
  • americanus: American.
  • amethystinus: amethystine, violet-coloured.
  • amoenus: charming, pleasing.
  • amphibius: amphibious, growing both in water and on land.
  • amplexicaulis: stem-clasping.
  • amplissimus: most or very ample.
  • amplus: ample, large, extended.
  • amurensis: of the Amur River region (E. Siberia).
  • amygdalinus: pertaining to or like amygdalus.
  • anacanthus: without spines.
  • anatolicus: of Anatolia (Asia Minor).
  • anceps: two-headed, two-edged.
  • andicolus: native of the Andes.
  • andinus: Andiuc, Andian, pertaining to the Andes
  • androgynus: with both staminate and pistillate flowers in one cluster.
  • anfractuosus: twisted.
  • anglicus: English, pertaining to England.
  • anguinus: snaky, pertaining to serpents.
  • angularis: angular, angled.
  • angulatus: angular, angled.
  • angulosus: angular, angled.
  • angustus: narrow.
  • annotinus: year-old.
  • annularis: annular, ringed.
  • annulatus: annular.
  • annuus: annual, living but one year.
  • anomalus: anomalous, out of the ordinary or usual.
  • antillaris: of the Antilles (W. Indies).
  • antipodum: of the antipodes.
  • antiquorum: of the ancients.
  • antiquus: ancient.
  • apenninus: pertaining to the Apennines (Italy).
  • apertus: uncovered, bare.
  • apetalus: without petals.
  • aphyllus: leafless.
  • apiculatus: apiculate, tipped with a point.
  • appendiculatus: appendaged, bearing an extension or additional part or process.
  • applanatus: flattened.
  • applicatus: joined, attached.
  • apterus: wingless.
  • aquaticus, aquat ilis: aquatic.
  • aqueus: aqueous, watery.
  • aquilinus: aquiline, pertaining to the eagle.
  • arabicus: Arabian.
  • arachnoides: spider-like, cobwebby.
  • arborescens: becoming tree-like, woody.
  • arboreus: tree-like.
  • arcticus: arctic.
  • arcuatus: bow-like, bowed.
  • arenarius: of sand or sandy places.
  • areolatus: areolate, pitted.
  • argentatus: silvery, silvered.
  • argenteus: silvery.
  • argophyllus: silver-leaved.
  • argutus: sharp-toothed.
  • argyraeus: silvery.
  • aridus: arid.
  • arietinus: like a ram's head.
  • aristatus: aristate, bearded.
  • aristosus: bearded.
  • armatus: armed (as with thorns).
  • aromaticus: aromatic.
  • arrectus: raised up, erect.
  • articulatus: articulated, jointed.
  • arundinaceus: reed-like.
  • arvensis: pertaining to cultivated fields.
  • ascendens: ascending.
  • asiaticus: Asian.
  • asper: rough.
  • asperatus: rough.
  • aspericaulis: rough-stemmed.
  • asperrimus: very rough.
  • assimilis: similar, like to.
  • assurgens: assurgent, clambering.
  • ater: coal-black.
  • atlunticus: Atlantic, growing in Atlantic regions.
  • atratus: blackened.
  • atropurpureus: dark purple.
  • atrorubens: dark red.
  • atrosanguineus: dark blood-red.
  • atrovirens: dark green.
  • attenuatus: attenuated, produced to a point.
  • atticus: pertaining to Attica or Athens, Greek.
  • augustissimus: very notable.
  • augustus: august, notable, majestic.
  • aurantiacus: orange-red.
  • aureolus: golden.
  • aureus: golden.
  • auriculatus: auricled, eared.
  • australiensis: belonging to Australia.
  • australis: southern.
  • austriacus: Austrian.
  • autumnalis: autumnal.
  • axillaris: axillary, borne in the axils, pertaining to the axils.
  • azureus: azure, sky-blue.

B

  • baccatus: berried.
  • baccifera: berry-bearing.
  • balearicus: Balearian, of the Balearic Islands.
  • balsameus: balsamic, balsam-1ike, with balsam odor.
  • balsamifera: balsam-bearing.
  • bambusoides: bambusa-like, bamboo-like.
  • banaticus: of Banat (S. Hungary).
  • barbadensis: of Barbadoes.
  • barbarus: foreign, from a strange country.
  • barbatus: barbed, bearded.
  • barbigera: bearing barbs or beards.
  • basilaris: pertaining to the base or bottom.
  • bellus: handsome.
  • benedictus: blessed.
  • benghalensis: of Bengal (E. India).
  • betuloides: Betula-like, birch-like.
  • bicarinatus: twice-keeled, with two keels.
  • bicolor: two-coloured.
  • bicarnis: two-horned.
  • bicornutus: two-horned.
  • bidentatus: two-toothed.
  • biennis: biennial, living only two years.
  • bifidus: twice cut, in two parts.
  • bifiorus: two-flowered.
  • bifurcatus: twice-forked.
  • bigibbus: with two swellings or projections.
  • biglumis: two-glumed.
  • bijugus: yoked two together, joined, fastened together.
  • bilobus: two-lobed.
  • binatus: twin, double, two-and-two.
  • binervis: two-nerved.
  • binocularis: binocular, two-eyed, two-spotted.
  • bipartitus: two-parted.
  • bipetalus: two-petaled.
  • bipinnatifidus: bipinnatifid, twice pinnately cut.
  • bipinnatus: bipinnate, twice pinnate.
  • bipunctatus: two-spotted.
  • bisectus: cut in two parts.
  • bispinosus: two-spined.
  • biternatus: twice ternate.
  • blandus: bland, mild.
  • bonus: good.
  • burbonicus: of Bourbonne (in N. E. France).
  • borealis: northern.
  • botryoides: cluster-like, grape-like.
  • brachiatus: brachiate, branched at right angles.
  • brachypodus: short-stalked.
  • bracteatus: bracteate, bearing bracta.
  • bracteosus: bract-bearing.
  • brevicaulis: short-stemmed.
  • brevifrons: short-fronded, short- leaved.
  • brevipes: short-footed, as with abort pedicel or petiole.
  • brevirostris: short-beaked.
  • brevis: short.
  • brevisetus: short-bristled.
  • brevispathus: short-spathed.
  • brevissimus: very short, shortest.
  • brilliantissimus: most brilliant, very brilliant.
  • brunneus: deep brown.
  • bucephalus: ox-headed.
  • bufonius: pertaining to the toad.
  • bulbifera: bulb-bearing.
  • bulbosus: bulbous.
  • bullatus: inflated,swelling, puckered, bullate.
  • byzantinus: Byzantine (of the Constantinople region).

C

  • caerulescens: becoming or turning dark blue.
  • caeruleus: cerulean, dark blue.
  • caesius: bluish gray.
  • caespitosus: cespitose, tufted, growing in low dense clumps.
  • catfer, caffra: Kafir.
  • calabricus: from Calabria(in S. Italy).
  • calathinus: basket-like.
  • calcaratus: spurred, with spurs.
  • calcareus, of or pertaining to lime.
  • callosus: thick-skinned, with callosities.
  • calvus: bald, hairless.
  • calycinus: calyx-like.
  • calyculatus: calyx-like, calyx-bearing, fruit inclosed in a calyx.
  • cambricus: Cambrian, Welsh.
  • campanulatus: campanulate, bell-shaped.
  • campestris: of the fields or plains.
  • canadensis: Canadian.
  • canaliculatus: channeled, grooved.
  • canariensis: of the Canary Isle.
  • candicans: white, hoary, particularly white-hairy or white-woolly.
  • candidissimus: very white-hairy or hoary.
  • cantabricus: from Cantabria (in Spain).
  • candidus: white, white-hairy, shining.
  • canescens: gray-pubescent.
  • canus: ash-coloured, hoary.
  • capensis: of the Cape (of Good Hope).
  • capillaris: hair-like.
  • capreolatus: winding, twining.
  • capsularis: eapsular.
  • cardinalis: cardinal.
  • carinatus: keeled.
  • carneus: flesh-coloured.
  • carnonus: fleshy.
  • carolinianus: Carolinian, pertaining to North or South Carolina, or indefinitely to the Carolinas.
  • carpathicus: of the Carpathian region (Europe).
  • cartilagineus: like cartilage.
  • caryophyllaceus: clove-like; perhaps also pertaining to the pink family.
  • cashmerianus: of Cashmere (Asia).
  • catharticus: cathartic.
  • cathayanus: of Cathay (China).
  • caucusicus: belonging to the Caucasus (mountain region between the Black and Caspian Seas).
  • caudatus: caudate, tailed.
  • caulescens: caulescent, having a stem or stems.
  • cauliflorus: stem-flowered.
  • cenisius: of Mt. Cenis (between France and Italy).
  • cephalatus: headed, bearing heads.
  • cerasiformis: cherry-formed.
  • cerefolius: wax-leaved.
  • cerifera: wax-bearing.
  • cernuus: bending forward, inclined, drooping, nodding.
  • ceylanicus: of Ceylon; same as zeylanicus.
  • chalcedonicus: of Chalcedon (on the Bosphorus).
  • chilensis: belonging to Chile.
  • chinensis: belonging to China.
  • chloranthus: green-flowered.
  • chrysanthus: golden-flowered.
  • chrysocarpus: golden-fruited.
  • chrysophyllus: golden-leaved.
  • chrysostomus: golden-mouthed, golden-throated.
  • ciliaris: ciliate, fringed with hairs on the margin.
  • ciliatus: ciliate, hairy fringed.
  • cilicicus: of Cilicia (in S. E. Asia Minor).
  • cinctus: girded, girdled.
  • cinereus: ash-coloured.
  • cinnabarinus: cinnabar-red.
  • cinnamomeus: cinnamon-brown.
  • circinatus: circinate, coiled.
  • cirrhosus: tendrilled.
  • citratus: citrus-like.
  • citrinus: bright yellow (citron-like).
  • clandestinus: concealed.
  • clavatus: clavate, club-shaped.
  • clematideus: pertaining to or like Clematis.
  • clypeatus: with a shield.
  • coccifera: berry-bearing.
  • coccineus: scarlet.
  • cochlearis: spoon-like.
  • cochleatus: spoon-like.
  • coelestinus: sky-blue.
  • coelestis: celestial, sky-blue.
  • collinus: pertaining to a hill.
  • coloratus: coloured (other than green).
  • comatus: with coma or hair.
  • communis: common, general, gregarious.
  • commutatus: changed or changing.
  • comosus: with long hair.
  • compactus: compact, dense.
  • complexus: circled, embraced.
  • complicatus: complicate; page 162.
  • compressus: compressed.
  • comptus: adorned, ornamented.
  • concavus: concave, hollowed out.
  • concinnus: neat, well made.
  • concolor: coloured similarly.
  • condensus: condensed, crowded.
  • confertus: crowded.
  • conformis: similar, like to.
  • confusus: confused, uncertain (as to characteristics).
  • congestus: congested, brought together.
  • conglomeratus: conglomerate, crowded together.
  • conifera: cone-bearing.
  • conjugatus: connected, joined together.
  • conoideus: conoid, cone-like.
  • consolidus: consolidated, solid, stable.
  • conspicuus: conspicuous, marked.
  • constrictus: constricted.
  • contiguus: contiguous, near together.
  • contortus: contorted, twisted.
  • contractus: contracted.
  • coralliflorus: coral-flowered.
  • corallinus: coral-red.
  • cordatus: cordate, heart-shaped.
  • cordifolius: cordate-leaved, heart-leaved.
  • coriaceus: leathery.
  • corniculatus: horned.
  • cornigera: horn-bearing.
  • cornutus: horned.
  • coronarius: used for or belonging to garlands.
  • coronatus: crowned.
  • corrugatus: corrugated, wrinkled.
  • corsicus: Corsican (island in the Mediterranean).
  • corticosus: heavily furnished with bark.
  • coruscans: vibrating, glittering.
  • corymbifera: corymb-bearing.
  • corymbosus: corymbose.
  • costatus: costate, ribbed.
  • crassicaulis: thick-stemmed.
  • crassifolius: thick-leaved.
  • crassipes: thick-footed or -stalked.
  • crassus: thick, fleshy.
  • crenatus: crenate, scalloped.
  • crenulatus: crenulate, somewhat scalloped.
  • crepidatus: sandaled, slippered.
  • crepitans: rattling, rustling.
  • cretaceus: cretaceous, pertaining to chalk.
  • creticus: of Crete (island in Eastern Mediterranean).
  • crinitus: hairy, provided with hair.
  • crispus: crisped, curled.
  • cristatus: cristate, crested.
  • crocatus: saffron-yellow.
  • croceus: saffron yellow.
  • cruciatus: cruciate, cross-like.
  • crucifera: cross-bearing.
  • cruentus: bloody.
  • crystallinus: crystalline.
  • cubensis: Cuban.
  • cucullatus: hooded.
  • cultratus: cultrate, knife-shaped.
  • cuneatus: cuneate, wedge-shaped.
  • cuneifolius: wedge-leaved.
  • cuneiformis: wedge-formed.
  • cupreus: copper-like or -coloured.
  • curvatus: curved.
  • cuspidatus: cuspidate, with a cusp or sharp stiff point.
  • cyaneus: blue.
  • cylindraceus: cylindrical.
  • cylindricus: cylindrical.
  • cymbiformis: boat-formed.
  • cymosus: cymed, having a cyme or cymes.
  • cypreus: copper-like; see cupreus.

D

  • dactyifera: finger-bearing.
  • dahuricus, davuricus: Of Dahuria or Dauria (in trans-Baikal Siberia, near the frontier of China).
  • dalmaticus: Dalmatian (on eastern side of the Adriatic).
  • damascenus: of Damascus.
  • dasycarpus: thick-fruited.
  • dealbatus: whitened, white-washed.
  • debilis: weak, frail.
  • decandrus: ten-stamened.
  • decapetalus: ten-petaled.
  • deciduus: deciduous, with parts falling.
  • decipiens: deceptive.
  • declinatus: declined, bent downward.
  • decolorans: discoloured, staining.
  • decompositus: decompound, more than once compound or divided.
  • decorans: adorning.
  • decorus: elegant, comely, becoming.
  • decumbens: decumbent, reclining at the base but the top or tips upright.
  • decurrens: decurrent, as a leaf extending down the stem.
  • deflexus: deflexed, bent abruptly downward.
  • deformis: misshapen, deformed.
  • delectus: chosen.
  • delicatissimus: most or very delicate.
  • delicatus: delicate, tender.
  • deliciosus: delicious.
  • deltoideus: deltoid, triangular.
  • demissus: low, weak.
  • dendroideus: tree-like.
  • densiflorus: densely flowered.
  • densus: dense.
  • dentatus: toothed.
  • denticulatus: denticulate, slightly toothed.
  • dentosus: toothed.
  • denudatus: denuded, naked.
  • depauperatus: depauperate, starved, dwarfed.
  • dependens: hanging down.
  • depressus: depressed.
  • deustus: burned.
  • devastator: (feminine devastatrix): devastating, laying waste.
  • diacanthus: two-spined.
  • diadema: a diadem, crown.
  • diandrus: with two stamens.
  • diaphanus: diaphanous, very thin, transparent.
  • dichotomus: forked, two-branched equally.
  • dichrous: of two colours.
  • dicoccus: with two berries.
  • didymus: in a pair, as of anthers.
  • difformis: of differing forms.
  • diffusus: diffuse, spreading.
  • digititus: digitate, compound in form like the fingers.
  • dilatatus: dilated, expanded.
  • dilutus: dilated, spread out.
  • dimidiatus: halved, in two equal parts.
  • dimorphus: dimorphous, two-formed.
  • diodon: with two teeth.
  • dioicus: dioecious.
  • dipetalus: two-petaled.
  • diphyllus: two-leaved.
  • dipsaecus: of the teasel Dipsacus.
  • discoideus: discoid, rayless.
  • discolor: of two or of different colours.
  • dispar: dissimilar, unlike.
  • dissectus: dissected, deeply cut.
  • dissimilis: dissimilar, unlike.
  • dissitiflorus: remotely or loosely flowered.
  • distachyus: two-spiked.
  • distans: distant, separate, remote.
  • distichus: two-ranked, with leaves or flowers in ranks on opposite sides of stem.
  • distylus: two-styled.
  • diurnus: day-flowering.
  • divaricatus: divaricate, spreading, widely divergent.
  • divergens: diverging, wide-spreading.
  • diversiflorus: diversely flowered, variable-flowered.
  • diversifolius: variable-leaved.
  • divisus: divided, separated.
  • dodecandrus: twelve-stamened.
  • dolabriformis: hatchet- or axe-shaped.
  • dolosus: deceitful.
  • domesticus: domestic, domesticated.
  • drupaceus: drupe-like.
  • drupifera: drupe-bearing.
  • dubius: dubious, doubtful.
  • dulcis: sweet.
  • dumetorum: of bushea or hedges.
  • dumosus: bushy.
  • duplex: double.
  • duplicatus: duplicate, double.
  • durabilis: durable, lasting.
  • duracinus: hard-berried.
  • duriusculus: somewhat hard or rough.

E

  • ebenaceus: ebony-like.
  • ebracteatus: bractless.
  • eburneus: ivory-white.
  • echinatus: bristly, prickly.
  • echinocarpus: prickly-fruited,
  • echinosepalus: prickly-sepaled.
  • ecornutus: hornless.
  • edulis: edible.
  • effusus: very loose-spreading.
  • elasticus: elastic.
  • elatior: taller.
  • elatus: tall.
  • elegans: elegant.
  • elegantissimus: most elegant, very elegant.
  • elephantum: of the elephants.
  • elllpticus: elliptical.
  • elongatus: elongated, lengthened.
  • emarginatus: emarginate, with a shallow notch at the apex.
  • emeticus: emetic.
  • eminens: eminent, prominent.
  • enneaphyilus: nine-leaved.
  • ensatus: sword-shaped.
  • ensifolius: sword-leaved.
  • ensiformis: sword-formed or –shaped.
  • entomophilus: insect-loving.
  • equestris: pertaining to the horse.
  • equinus: of horses.
  • erectus: erect, upright.
  • erianthus: woolly-flowered.
  • ericoides: erica-like, heath-like.
  • eriocarpus: woolly-fruited.
  • eriocephalus: woolly-headed.
  • erosus: erose, jagged, as if gnawed.
  • erraticus: erratic, unusual, sporadic.
  • erubescens: blushing.
  • erythrocarpus: red-fruited.
  • erythrocephalus: red-headed.
  • erythropodus: red-footed, red-stalked.
  • erythropterus: red-winged.
  • esculentus: esculent, edible.
  • estriatus: without stripes.
  • etuberosus: without tubers.
  • europaeus: Europeans.
  • exaltatus: exalted, very tall.
  • excavatus: excavated, hollowed out.
  • excellens: excellent, excelling.
  • excelsus: tall.
  • excisus: excised, cut away.
  • exiguus: little, small, poor.
  • eximius: distinguished, out of the ordinary.
  • exitiosus: pernicious, destructive.
  • exoletus: mature, fully grown, dying away.
  • exoticus: exotic, from another country.
  • expansus: expanded.
  • exsculptus: dug out, carved out.
  • exsertus: exserted, protruding from.
  • exsurgens: rising up, standing up.
  • extensus: extended.
  • exudans: exuding.

F

  • fabaceus: faba-like, bean-like.
  • falcatus: falcate, sickle-shaped or scythe-shaped.
  • falcifolius: falcate-leaved.
  • falciformis: sickle-formed.
  • fallax: deceptive.
  • farinaceus: containing farina or starch, or like flour; perhaps also farinose,
  • farinifera: farina-bearing.
  • farinosus: farinose, mealy, powdery.
  • fasciatus: fasciate, abnormally flattened and broadened.
  • fascicularis: fascicled, clustered, brought together.
  • fasciculatus: fascicled.
  • fascinator: fascinating, charming.
  • fastigiatus: fastigiate, branches erect and close together.
  • fastuosus: proud.
  • febrifugus: febrifuge, fever-dispelling.
  • fenestralis: with window-like openings.
  • ferox: ferocious; very thorny.
  • ferreus: pertaining to iron.
  • ferrugineus: rusty, of the colour of iron rust.
  • fertilis: fertile, fruitful.
  • festivus: festive, gay, bright.
  • fibrosus: fibrous, bearing prominent fibres.
  • ficoldeus: fig-like.
  • filamentosus: filamentous, composed of threads or bearing threads.
  • filicatus: fern-like, ferny.
  • filicifolius: fern-leaved.
  • filicinus: fern-like.
  • fllicoides: fern-like.
  • filifera: bearing filaments or threads.
  • filifolius: thread-leaved, with leaves cut into thread-like divisions.
  • filiformis: filiform, thread-like.
  • filipes: with stalks thread-like.
  • fimbriatus: fimbriated, fringed.
  • firmatus: firm, made firm.
  • firmus: firm, strong.
  • fissifolius: split-leaved.
  • fissilis: fissile, cleft or split.
  • fissus: cleft, split.
  • fistulosus: fistular, hollow-cylindrical.
  • flabellatus: flabellate, with fan-like parts.
  • flabelliformis: fan-formed.
  • flaccidus: flaccid, soft.
  • flagellaris: flagellate, whip-like.
  • flagellatus: whip-like.
  • flagelliformis: whip-formed.
  • flagellum: a scourge or flail.
  • flammeus: flame-coloured.
  • flavescens: yellowish, becoming yellow or yellowish.
  • flavicomus: yellow-wooled or -haired.
  • flavidus: yellow, yellowish.
  • fiavispinus: yellow-spined.
  • flavissimus: very yellow, deep yellow.
  • flavus: yellow.
  • flexilis: flexible, pliant.
  • flexuosus: flexuose, tortuous, zig-zag.
  • floccosus: woolly.
  • flore-albo: with white flowers.
  • florentinus: Florentine.
  • flore-pleno: with full or double flowers.
  • floribundus: free-flowering, blooming profusely.
  • floridus: flowering, full of flowers.
  • fluitans: floating.
  • fluviatilis: pertaining to a river.
  • foemina: female.
  • foeniculaceus: fennel-like.
  • foetidissimus: very fetid.
  • foetidus: fetid, bad-smelling.
  • foliatus: with leaves.
  • foliolatus: with leaflets.
  • foliosus: leafy, full of leaves.
  • follicularis: bearing follicles, follicled.
  • forficatus: shear-shaped.
  • formicaeformis: ant-shaped, ant-like,
  • formosissimus: most or very beautiful.
  • formosus: beautiful, handsome.
  • foveatus: pitted.
  • fragilis: fragile, brittle.
  • fragrans: fragrant, odoroua.
  • fragrantissimus: very fragrant.
  • fraxineus: fraxinous, like Fraxinus or ash trees.
  • frigidus: cold, of cold regions.
  • frondosus: fronded, leafy.
  • fructifera: fruit-bearing, fruitful.
  • fructigenus: fruitful.
  • frutescens: shrubby, bushy.
  • fruticosus: fruticose, shrubby, bushy.
  • fucatus: painted, dyed.
  • fugax: swift.
  • fulgens: shining, glistening.
  • fulgidus: fulgid, shining.
  • fuliginosus: soot coloured.
  • fulvescens: fulvous or becoming fulvous.
  • fulvus: fulvous, tawny, orange-gray-yellow.
  • funalis: of a rope or cord.
  • funebris: funereal.
  • fungosus: fungous, pertaining to a fungus, spongy.
  • funiculatus: of a slender rope or cord; with a funicle (stalk of an ovule or seed).
  • furcans: forked.
  • furcatus: furcate, forked.
  • fuscus: fuscous, brown, dusky.
  • fusiformis: spindle-shaped.

G

  • galericulatus: helmet-like.
  • gallicus: of Gaul or France; also pertaining to a cock or rooster.
  • gandavensis: belonging to Ghent, Belgium.
  • garganicus: belonging to Gargano (Eastern Italy).
  • gelidus: ice-cold.
  • geminatus: twin.
  • geminiflorus: twin-flowered.
  • gemmatus: gemmed, jewelled; also bearing buds.
  • gemmifera: bud-bearing.
  • genevensis: belonging to Geneva.
  • geniculatus: jointed, kneed.
  • geoides: of the earth.
  • geometricus: geometrical, in a pattern.
  • germanicus: German, of Germany.
  • gibberosus: humped, hunchbacked.
  • gibbiflorus: gibbous-flowered.
  • gibbosus: swollen on one side.
  • gibbus: gibbous, swollen on one side.
  • giganteus: gigantic, very large.
  • giganticus: gigantic.
  • gigas: of giants, immense.
  • glabellus: smoothish.
  • glaber: glabrous, smooth.
  • glaberrimus: most smooth, smoothest.
  • glabratus: somewhat glabrous or smooth.
  • glabrescens: smoothish, or becoming so.
  • glacialis: icy, frozen.
  • gladiatus: sword-like.
  • glandulifera: gland-bearing.
  • glandulosus: glandular.
  • glastifolius: with leaves like the dyer's woad (Isatis, once called Glastum).
  • glaucescens: glaucescent, becoming glaucous.
  • glaucifolius: glaucous-leaved
  • glaucophyllus: glaucous-leaved.
  • glaucus: glaucous, with a bloom, grayish.
  • globosus: globose, spherical, nearly or quite globular.
  • globularis: of a little ball or sphere.
  • globulifera: globule-bearing, globe-bearing.
  • globulosus: globuled, like a little ball.
  • glomeratus: glomerate, clustered.
  • gloriosus: glorious, superb.
  • glumaceus: glumed, with glumes or glume-like structures.
  • glutinosus: glutinous, gluey, sticky.
  • gongylodes: roundish.
  • gracilentus: slender.
  • gracilis: graceful, slender.
  • gracillimus: graceful, very slender.
  • graecus: of Greece, Greek.
  • gramineus: grassy, grass-like.
  • graminifolius: grass-leaved.
  • grandiceps: large-headed.
  • grandicuspis: with large cusps or points.
  • grandidentatus: large-or big-toothed.
  • grandiflorus: large-flowered.
  • grandifolius: large-leaved.
  • grandiformis: on a large scale, of a big kind.
  • grandipunctatus: with large spots.
  • grandis: large, big.
  • granulatus: granulate, covered with minute grains.
  • granulosus: granulate, granulose.
  • gratissimus: very pleasing or agreeable.
  • gratus: pleasing, agreeable.
  • graveolens: heavy-scented.
  • groenlandicus: of Greenland.
  • guianensis: of Guiana (South America).
  • guineensis: of Guinea (Africa).
  • gummifera: gum-bearing.
  • guttatus: spotted, speckled.
  • gymnocarpus: naked-fruited.
  • gyrans: gyrating, revolving in a circle.

H

  • haemanthus: blood-red-flowered.
  • hamatus: hooked.
  • hamosus: hooked.
  • harpophyllus: sickle-leaved.
  • hastatus: hastate, spear-shaped.
  • hastifera: spear-bearing.
  • hastilis: of a javelin or spear.
  • hebecarpus: pubescent-fruited.
  • hederaceus: of the ivy (Hedera).
  • helianthus: sunflower.
  • helveticus: Swiss, of Helvetia (Switzerland).
  • helvolus: pale yellow.
  • hemisphaericus: hemispherical.
  • heptaphyllus: seven-leaved.
  • herbaceus: herbaceous, dying to the ground and not woody.
  • herbariorum: of the herbaria.
  • heteracanthus: various-spined.
  • heteranthus: various-flowered, variable in flowers.
  • heterocarpus: various-fruited.
  • heterodon: various-toothed.
  • heteroglossus: various-tongued.
  • heteromorphus: various in form.
  • heterophyllus: various-leaved, with leaves of more than one shape.
  • hexagonopterus: six-angled-winged.
  • hexagonus: hexagonal, six-angled.
  • hexapetalus: six-petaled.
  • hians: open, gaping.
  • hibernalis: of or pertaining to winter.
  • hibernicus: Hibernian, of or pertaining to Ireland.
  • hieroglyphicus: hieroglyphic, marked as if with signs.
  • himalaicus: Himalayan.
  • hircinus: of a goat, with a goat's odor.
  • hirsutissimus: very hairy, most hairy.
  • hirsutulus: somewhat hirsute or hairy.
  • hirsutus: hirsute, hairy.
  • hirtellus: somewhat hairy.
  • hirtiflorus: hairy-flowered.
  • hirtipes: hairy-stalked or-stemmed.
  • hirtus: hairy.
  • hispanicus: Spanish, of Spain.
  • hispidissimus: most or very bristly.
  • hispidulus: somewhat hispid or bristly.
  • hispidus: hispid, bristly.
  • histrionicus: histrionic, pertaining to the stage or to actors.
  • holosericeus: woolly-silky. .
  • horizontalis: horizontal.
  • horridus: provided with spines or barbs, prickly.
  • hortensis: belonging to the hortus or garden.
  • horticolus: a little garden; of the garden.
  • hortorum: of gardens.
  • hortulanus: pertaining to a garden.
  • humifusus: sprawling on the ground.
  • humilis: low-growing, dwarf.
  • hyacinthinus: hyacinthine, sapphire- coloured.
  • hyacinthoides: like the hyacinth.
  • hyalinus: transparent, translucent.
  • hybridus: hybrid, mixed, mongrel.
  • hyemalis: of winter; also hiemalis.
  • hygrometricus: hygrometric, taking up water.
  • hymenanthus: membranaceous-flowered.
  • hymenodes: membrane-like.
  • hyperboreus: far northern.
  • hypocrateriformis: salver-shaped, flower with a slender cylindrical tube and flat spreading limb.
  • hypogaeus: underground, subterranean.
  • hypoglaucus: glaucous beneath.
  • hypoleucus: whitish, pale.
  • hypophyllus: under the leaf.
  • hystrix: porcupine-like, bristly.

I

  • ianthinus: violet, violet-blue.
  • ibericus: of Iberia (the Spanish peninsula).
  • icosandrus: twenty-stamened.
  • ignescens: fiery.
  • igneus: fiery.
  • ilicifolius: ilex-leaved, holly-leaved.
  • illustratus: pictured.
  • illustris: bright, brilliant, lustrous.
  • illyricus: of Illyria (classic landscape, roughly equal to Dalmatia).
  • ilvensis: of Ilva, the Mediterranean island of Elba.
  • imberbis: without beards or spines.
  • imbricans: imbricating.
  • imbricatus: imbricated, lapping over, shingled.
  • immaculatus: immaculate, spotless.
  • immersus: immersed, under water.
  • imperator: commanding, imperious.
  • imperialis: imperial, kingly.
  • implexus: implicated, interwoven.
  • impressus: impressed, sunken in.
  • inaequalifolius: unequal-leaved.
  • inaequalis: unequal.
  • inaequilaterus: unequal-sided.
  • incanus: hoary.
  • incarnatus: flesh-coloured.
  • incertus: uncertain, doubtful.
  • incisifolius: cut-leaved.
  • incisus: incised, cut.
  • inclinatus: inclined, bent downward.
  • incomparabilis: incomparable, excelling.
  • incomptus: rude, unadorned, not attractive.
  • inconspicuus: inconspicuous, not prominent.
  • incurvatus: incurved, bent inward.
  • incurvus: incurved.
  • indentatus: indented, dented
  • indicus: Indian, of India or the East Indies.
  • indivisus: undivided.
  • inermis: unarmed, without thorns or spines.
  • infectorius: used for dying, pertaining to dyes.
  • infestus: dangerous, unsafe.
  • inflatus: inflated, swollen up.
  • infortunatus: unfortunate.
  • infractus: broken.
  • infundibuliformis: funnel-shaped, trumpet-shaped.
  • infundibulum: a funnel.
  • inodorus: without odor, scentless.
  • inornatus: without ornament, not showy.
  • inquinans: polluting, discolouring.
  • inscriptus: inscribed, written on.
  • insignis: remarkable, distinguished, marked.
  • insititius: grafted.
  • intactus: intact, untouched.
  • integer: entire.
  • integerrimus: very entire.
  • integrifolius: entire-leaved.
  • interjectus: interjected, put between.
  • intermedius: intermediate.
  • interruptus: interrupted.
  • intertextus: interwoven, intertwined.
  • intricatus: intricate, entangled.
  • introrsus: introrse, turned inward.
  • intumescens: swollen, puffed up, tumid.
  • intybaceus: pertaining to chicory (Intybus).
  • inversus: inverse, turned over, upside down.
  • invisus: unseen, overlooked.
  • involucratus: involucred, with an involucre.
  • involutus: involute, rolled inward.
  • ionanthus: with flowers like the violet.
  • ionopterus: with wings like the violet.
  • iridescens: iridescent.
  • iridiflorus: iris-flowered.
  • irregularis: irregular.
  • isandrus: with equal stamens.
  • isopetalus: equal-petaled.
  • isophyllus: equal-leaved.
  • italicus: Italian.

J

  • jamaicensis: of Jamaica.
  • japonicus: Japanese, of Japan.
  • jasmineus: jasmine-like.
  • jasminiflorus: jasmine-flowered.
  • javanicus: Javan, of Java.
  • Jubatus: crested, with a mane.
  • jucundus: agreeable, pleasing.
  • jugosus: joined, yoked.
  • junceus: Juncus-like, rush-like.

K

  • kashmirianus: of Cashmere or Kashmere.
  • kewensis: belonging to Kew (Kew Gardens, England).
  • koraianus: of Corea; also coreanus.

L

  • labiatus: labiate, lipped.
  • labiosus: lipped.
  • lachryma: a tear.
  • laciniatus: laciniate, torn, cut or slashed into narrow lobes.
  • laciniosus: laciniose, laciniate.
  • lactatus: milky.
  • lacteus: milk-white.
  • lacticolor: milk-coloured.
  • lactifera: milk-bearing, milky-juiced.
  • lactiflorus: flowers milk-coloured.
  • lacunosus: witn holes or pits.
  • lacustris: pertaining to lakes.
  • ladanifera: ladanum-bearing.
  • laetevirens: light green, vivid green.
  • laetus: bright, vivid.
  • laevicaulis: smooth-stemmed.
  • laevigatus: smooth.
  • laevipes: smooth-footed, smooth-stalked.
  • laevis: smooth.
  • laeviusculus: smoothish, somewhat smooth.
  • lanatus: woolly.
  • lanceolatus: lanceolate.
  • lanceus: lance-like.
  • lancifolius: lance-leaved.
  • lanigera: wool-bearing.
  • lanuginosus: woolly, downy.
  • lappaceus: pertaining to a globular hooked bur; Lappa-like.
  • lapponicus: of Lapland.
  • laricifolius: larch-leaved.
  • laricinus: Larix-like, larch-like.
  • lasiocarpus: rough-fruited, rough-hairy.
  • lasiopetalus: with petals rough-hairy.
  • lateriflorus: lateral-flowered, with flowers on the side.
  • lateritius: brick-red.
  • latifolius: broad-leaved.
  • latifrons: broad-fronded, broad-herbaged, broad-leaved.
  • latimaculatus: broad-spotted.
  • latipes: broad-footed, broad-stalked.
  • latissimus: broadest, very broad.
  • latus: broad, wide.
  • laurifolius: laurel-leaved.
  • laurinus: laurel-like.
  • lavandulaceus: lavender-like.
  • laxiflorus: loose-flowered.
  • laxifolius: loose-leaved.
  • laxus: lax, open, loose.
  • leianthus: smooth-flowered.
  • leiocarpus: smooth-fruited.
  • leiophyllus: smooth-leaved.
  • lenticularis: lenticular, lens-shaped.
  • lentus: pliant, tenacious, tough.
  • leontoglossus: lion-tongued or -throated.
  • leopardinus: leopard-spotted.
  • lepidophyllus: scaly-leaved.
  • leprosus: of leprosy, scurfy.
  • leptocaulis: thin-stemmed, slender-stemmed.
  • leptocladus: thin-stemmed or -branched.
  • leptolepis: thin-scaled.
  • leptophyllus: thin-or slender-leaved.
  • leptosepalus: thin-sepaled.
  • leptopus: thin- or slender-stalked.
  • leucanthus: white-flowered.
  • leucobotrys: with white clusters.
  • leucocephalus: white-headed.
  • leuconeurus: white-nerved.
  • leucophyllus: white-leaved.
  • leucorhizus: white-rooted.
  • liburnicus: of Liburnia (west of Adriatic).
  • lignosus: woody.
  • ligularis: ligulate, strap-shaped.
  • lilacinus: lilac.
  • liliiflorus: lily-flowered.
  • limbatus: bordered.
  • limosus: of muddy or marshy places.
  • linariifolius: linaria-leaved.
  • linearifolius: linear-leaved.
  • linearilobus: linear-lobed.
  • linearis: linear.
  • lineatus: lined, with lines or stripes.
  • lingulatus: tongue-shaped.
  • linifolius: linum-leaved, flax-leaved.
  • linophyllus: flax-leaved.
  • lithospermus: with seeds stone-like.
  • littorulis: of the seashore.
  • lividus: livid, bluish.
  • lobatus: lobed.
  • lobularis: lobed.
  • loliaceus: Lolium-like (Lolium comprises the rye-grasses).
  • longebracteatus: long-bracted.
  • longepedunculatus: long-pedunculate.
  • longicaudatus: long-tailed.
  • longiflorus: long-flowered.
  • longifolius: long-leaved.
  • longihamatus: long-hooked.
  • longilaminatus: with long laminae or plates.
  • longilobus: long-lobed.
  • longimucronatus: long-mucronate.
  • 1ongipes: long-footed, long-stalked.
  • longipetalus: long-petaled.
  • longipinnatus: long-pinnate.
  • longiracemosus: long-racemed.
  • longiscapus: long-scaped.
  • longisepalus: long-sepaled.
  • longispathus: long-spathed.
  • longispinus: long-spined.
  • longissimus: longest, very long.
  • longistylus: long-stalked.
  • longus: long.
  • lorifolius: strap-leaved.
  • lucidus: lucid, bright, shining, clear.
  • ludovicianus: of Louisiana.
  • lugdunensis: belonging to the region of Lyons.
  • lunatus: lunate, moon-shaped, moon-like, crescent-shaped.
  • lunulatus: somewhat moon-shaped.
  • lupulinus: Lupulus-like, hop-like.
  • luridus: lurid, wan, sallow, pale yellow.
  • luteolus: yellowish.
  • lutescens: yellowish, becoming yellow.
  • luteas: yellow.
  • luxunans: luxuriant, thrifty.
  • lyratus: lyrate, pinnatifid with large terminal lobe.

M

  • macilentus: lean, meager.
  • macrandrus: with large anthers.
  • macranthus: large-flowered.
  • macrobotrys: large-clustered.
  • macrocarpus: large-fruited.
  • macrocephalus: large-headed.
  • macrodactylus: large-fingered.
  • macrodontus: large-toothed.
  • macropetalus: with large petals.
  • macrophyllus: large-leaved.
  • macroplectron: large-spurred.
  • macropodus: large-footed or -stalked.
  • macropterus: large-winged.
  • macrospadix: with large spadix.
  • macrostachyus: large-spiked.
  • macrostegius: large-decked.
  • macrostemus: with large filaments.
  • macrostylus: large-styled.
  • macrourus: large-tailed.
  • maculatus: spotted.
  • maculosus: spotted.
  • maesiacus: of Moesia, ancient name of Bulgaria and Servia.
  • magellanicus: Straits of Magellan region.
  • magnificus: magnificent, eminent, distinguished.
  • majalis: of May, Maytime.
  • majesticus: majestic.
  • major, majus: greater, larger.
  • malabaricus: of Malabar (in British India).
  • maliformis: apple-formed.
  • malvaceus: Malva-like, mallow-like.
  • mammosus: breasted, with breasts.
  • manicatus: manicate, long-sleeved, covered densely as with thick hairs so that the covering can be removed as such.
  • marcescens: withering but not falling.
  • marcidus: withering but not falling off.
  • margaritaceus: pearly, of pearls.
  • marginalis: marginal, marked in some way along the margins or edges.
  • marginatus: margined.
  • marginellus: somewhat margined.
  • marilandicus: of the Maryland region; also written marylandicus.
  • maritimus: maritime, of the sea.
  • marmoratus: marbled, mottled.
  • marmoreus: marbled.
  • marmorophyllus: leaves marbled.
  • maroccanus: of Morocco.
  • mas: male.
  • masculatus: masculine.
  • masculus: male, masculine.
  • matronalis: pertaining to matrons.
  • mauritanicus: of Mauretania (N. Africa).
  • maxillaris: maxillary, of the jaw.
  • maximus: largest.
  • mediterraneus: of the Mediterranean region.
  • medius: medium, intermediate.
  • medullaris: of the marrow or center or pith.
  • megalanthus: large-flowered.
  • megaphyllus: large-leaved.
  • megapotamicus: of the large river.
  • megarrhizus: large-rooted.
  • megaspermus: large-seeded.
  • megastachyus: large-spiked.
  • megastigmus: with large stigma.
  • melananthus: black-flowered.
  • melancholicus: melancholy, hanging or drooping.
  • melanocaulon: black-stemmed.
  • melanococcus: black-berried.
  • melanoleucus: black-and-white.
  • melanoxylon: bluck-wooded.
  • meleagris: like a guinea-fowl, speckled.
  • melleus: pertaining to honey.
  • meliffera: honey-bearing.
  • meloformis: melon-shaped.
  • membranaceus: membranaceous, membranous, thin and more or less translucent.
  • meniscifolius: crescent-leaved.
  • mesoleucus: mixed with white.
  • metallicus: metallic (colour or lustre).
  • mexicanus: Mexican, of Mexico.
  • micans: glittering, sparkling, mica- like.
  • micranthus: small-flowered.
  • microcarpus: small-fruited.
  • microdon: email-toothed.
  • microglossus: small-tougued.
  • microlepis: small-scaled.
  • micromeris: small-numbered, of small number of parts.
  • micropetalus: small-petaled.
  • microphyllus: small-leaved.
  • micropterus: small-winged.
  • microsepalus: small-sepaled.
  • microstemus: of small filaments or stemlets.
  • militaris: military.
  • millefoliatus: thousand-leaved.
  • millefolius: thousand-leaved, leaves or parts very many.
  • mimus: mimic.
  • minax: threatening, forbidding.
  • miniatus: cinnabar-red.
  • minimus: least, smallest.
  • minor, minus: smaller.
  • minutissimus: very or most minute.
  • minutus: minute, very small.
  • mirabilis: marvellous, extraordinary, wonderful.
  • mistassinicus: of Lake Mistassini, (Quebec).
  • mitis: mild, gentle.
  • mitratus: turbaned.
  • mixtus: mixed.
  • modestus: modest.
  • moldavicus: of Moldavia (in Rumania).
  • mollis: soft, soft-hairy.
  • mollissimus: very soft-hairy.
  • moluccanus: of the Moluccas (East Indies).
  • monadelphus: in one group or bundle.
  • mongolicus: of Mongolia.
  • monilifera: bearing a necklace.
  • monacanthus: one-spined.
  • monocephalus: single-headed.
  • monogynus: of one pistil.
  • monoicus: monoecious.
  • monopetalus: one-petaled.
  • monophyllus: one-leaved.
  • monopterus: one-winged.
  • monopyrenus: bearing one stone or pyrene.
  • monosepalus: one-sepaled.
  • monospermus: one-seeded.
  • monostachyus: single-spiked.
  • monspeliensis: of Montpelier.
  • monspessulanus: of Montpelier.
  • monstrosus: monstrous, wholly abnormal or deformed, teratological.
  • montanus: pertaining to mountains or mountainous regions.
  • montevidensis: of Montevideo (Uruguay).
  • monticolus: native of mountains.
  • moschatus: musky, musk-scented.
  • mucronatus: mucronato, tipped with a short sharp point or mucro.
  • mucronulatus: with a small mucro or point.
  • multibracteatus: many-bracted.
  • multicaulis: many-stemmed, with numerous stems.
  • multiceps: many-headed, many branched.
  • multicolor: many-coloured.
  • multifidus: multifid, many times parted.
  • multiflorus: many-flowered.
  • multifurcatus: much-forked, many times forked.
  • multijugus: many in a yoke, many times joined.
  • multinervis: many-nerved.
  • multiplex: many-folded.
  • multiradiatus: many-radiate, with numerous rays.
  • multisectus: many times cut, much cut or dissected.
  • mundulus: trim, neat.
  • munitus: defended, fortified.
  • muralis: of walls, growing on walls.
  • muricatus: muricate, roughed by means of hard points.
  • muscipula: a mouse-trap.
  • mutabilis: changeable, variable, mutant.
  • mutatus: changeable.
  • muticus: blunt, pointless.
  • mutilatus: mutilated.
  • myriacanthus: numberless spined, very many-spined.
  • myriocarpus: very many-fruited.
  • myrmecophilus: ant-loving.
  • myrtifolius: myrtle-leaved.

N

  • nanus: dwarf.
  • mapiformis: turnip-shaped.
  • narbonensis: of Narbonne (ancient region or province of S. France).
  • natans: floating, swimming.
  • navicularis: pertaining to a ship.
  • neapolitanus: Neapolitan.
  • nebulosus: nebulous, clouded, indefinite, obscure.
  • neglectus: neglected, overlooked.
  • nemoralis: of groves or woods.
  • nemorosus: of groves or woods and shady places.
  • nepalensis: of Nepal (Himalayan region).
  • neriifolius: nerium-leaved, oleander-leaved.
  • nervosus: nerved.
  • nevadensis: of the Sierra Nevadas (in Spain or N. America).
  • nictitans: blinking, moving.
  • nidus: nest.
  • niger: black.
  • nigratus: blackish.
  • nigrescens: blackish, becoming black.
  • nigricans: black.
  • nigricornis: black-horned.
  • nigripes: black-footed or -atalked.
  • nilotica: of the Nile.
  • nitens: shining.
  • nitidus: shining.
  • nivalis: snowy, pertaining to snow.
  • niveus: snowy.
  • nivosus: snowy, full of snow.
  • nnbilior: more noble.
  • nobilis: noble, famous, renowned.
  • nobilissimus: most or very noble.
  • nodidflorus: with flowers at nodes.
  • nodosus: with nodes, jointed.
  • nonscriptus: undescribed.
  • nootkatensis: of Nootka (Nootka Sound is by Vancouver Island).
  • notatus: marked.
  • novae-angliae: of New England.
  • novae-caesareae: of New Jersey.
  • novae-zealandiae: of New Zealand.
  • noveboracensis: of New York.
  • novi-belgii: of New Belgium or New Netherlands (i. e., New York).
  • nubicolus: dwelling among clouds.
  • nucifera: nut-bearing.
  • nudatus: nude, stripped.
  • nudicaulis: naked-stemmed.
  • nudiflorus: naked-flowered.
  • nudus: nude, naked.
  • numismatus: pertaining to money, coin-like.
  • nutans: nodding.
  • nycticalus: night-blooming.

O

  • obconicus: inversely conical.
  • obcordatus: obcordate, inversely cordate.
  • obesus: obese, fat.
  • obfuscatus: clouded, confused.
  • obliquus: oblique, unequal and slanting.
  • obliteratus: obliterated, erased, not apparent.
  • oblongatus: oblong.
  • oblongifo1ius: oblong-leaved.
  • oblungus: oblong.
  • obovatus: obovate, inverted ovate.
  • obscurus: obscure, hidden.
  • obsoletus: obsolete, rudimentary.
  • obtusatus: obtuse, blunt.
  • obtusifolius: blunt-leaved.
  • obtusilobus: blunt-lobed.
  • obtusus: obtuse, blunt, rounded.
  • occidentalis: occidental, western.
  • oceanicus: oceanic; perhaps of Oceanica.
  • ocellatus: eyeleted, with small eyes.
  • ochreatus: with an ochrea or boot-sheath.
  • ochroleucus: yellowish white.
  • octandrus: with eight anthers.
  • octopetalus: eight-petaled.
  • octophyllus: eight-leaved.
  • oculatus: eyed, with eye-like marks.
  • odontites: tooth.
  • odontochilus: with toothed lip or margin.
  • odoratissimus: most or very odorous, very fragrant.
  • odoratus: odorous, fragrant.
  • odorus: odorous, fragrant.
  • officinalis: officinal, medicinal, recognized in the pharmacopea.
  • officinarum: of the apothecaries.
  • oleaefolius: Olea- or olive-leaved.
  • oleifera: oil-bearing.
  • oleraceus: oleraceous, vegetable-garden herb used in cooking.
  • oliganthus: few-flowered.
  • oligocarpus: few-fruited.
  • oligosperrnus: few-seeded.
  • olitorius: pertaining to vegetable-gardens or -gardeners.
  • olivaceus: olive-like, olive-coloured.
  • olivaeformis: olive-shaped.
  • olympicus: of Olympus or Mt. Olympus (in Greece).
  • omnivorus: omnivorous, of all kinds of food.
  • opacus: opaque, shaded.
  • operculatus: with a lid.
  • oppositiflorus: opposite-flowered.
  • oppositifolius: opposite-leaved.
  • opuliflorus: flowers of Opulus (a Viburnum).
  • orbicularis: round.
  • orbiculatus: round.
  • orchideus: orchid-like.
  • orchioides: orchid-like.
  • oreganus: of Oregon.
  • orgyalis: length of the arms extended, about 6 feet.
  • orientalis: oriental, eastern.
  • ornatissimus: most showy or ornate.
  • ornatus: ornate, adorned.
  • ornithocephalus: like a bird's head.
  • ornithopodus: like a bird's foot.
  • ornithorhynchus: shaped like a bird's beak.
  • orthocarpus: straight-fruited.
  • orthochilus: straight-lipped.
  • orthopterus: straight-winged.
  • ovalifolius: oval-leaved.
  • ovalis: oval.
  • ovatifolius: ovate-leaved.
  • ovatus: ovate.
  • ovifera: egg-bearing.
  • ovigera: egg-bearing.
  • ovinus: pertaining to sheep.
  • oxyacanthus: sharp-thorned or -spined.
  • oxygonus: sharp-angled.
  • oxyphyllus: sharp-leaved.
  • oxysepalus: with sharp sepals.

P

  • pachyanthus: thick-flowered.
  • pachyneurus: thick-nerved.
  • pachypterus: thick-winged.
  • pacificus: of the Pacific, of regions bordering the Pacific Ocean.
  • palaestinus: of Palestine.
  • paleaceus: with palea (bracts in grass flowers), or palea-like, chaffy.
  • pallens: pale.
  • pallescens: palish, becoming pale
  • palliatus: palliated, cloaked.
  • pallidiflorus: pale-flowered.
  • pallidifolius: pale-leaved.
  • pallidispinus: pale-spined.
  • pallidus: pale.
  • palliflavens: pale yellow.
  • palmatifidus: polmately cut.
  • palmatus: palmate, divided or lobed like the hand.
  • paludosus: of marshes, marsh-loving.
  • palustris: marsh-loving.
  • panduratus: fiddle-shaped.
  • paniculitus: paniculate.
  • paniculigera: panicle-bearing.
  • pannonicus: of Pannonia (Roman province on the Danube, now western Hungary).
  • pannosus: ragged, tattered.
  • papaveraceus: Papaver-like, poppy-like.
  • papilionaceus: butterfly-like, the form of the pea flower.
  • papillosus: papillate, with minute nipple-like projections or protuberances.
  • papyraceus: papery.
  • papyrifera: paper-bearing.
  • paradisiacus: of parku or gardens.
  • paradoxus: paradoxical, strange.
  • parasiticus: parasitical, of a parasite.
  • pardalinus: leopard-like, spotted.
  • pardinus: leopard-spotted.
  • partitus: parted.
  • parviflorus: small-flowered.
  • parvifolius: small-leaved.
  • parvissimus: smallest, very small.
  • parvulus: very small, very slight.
  • parvus: small.
  • patagonicus: of Patagonia.
  • patellaris: circular, disk-shaped, like a knee-pan.
  • patens: spreading.
  • patulus: spreading.
  • pauciflorus: few-flowered.
  • paucifoliue: few-leaved.
  • pauperculus: poor.
  • pavoninus: peacock-like.
  • pectinaceus: pectinate.
  • pectinatus: pectinate, comb-like, pin-natifid with very narrow close divisions or parts.
  • pectinifera: comb-bearing.
  • pectoralis: shaped like a breast-bone
  • pedatus: footed, of the foot or feet; also pedate, like a bird's foot, being palmately divided and the side parts 2-cleft.
  • pedemontanus: of Piedmont (northern Italy).
  • peduncularis: peduncled, stalked.
  • pedunculatus: peduncled.
  • pedunculosus: with many peduncles.
  • pellucidus: pellucid, with translucent dots.
  • peltatus: peltate.
  • peltifolius: peltate-leaved.
  • pelviformis: pelvis-shaped.
  • penduliflorus: pendulous-flowered.
  • pendulinus: somewhat pendulous.
  • pendulus: pendulous, hanging.
  • penicillatus: hair penciled, like a little brush; pinnate.
  • pennatus: feathered, as the veins or lobes standing off at right angles from a midrib; pinnate.
  • penninervis: feather-veined.
  • pennsylvanicus: of Pennsylvania.
  • pentagonus: five-angled.
  • pentagynus: of five pistils.
  • pentandrus: of five stamens.
  • pentanthus: five-flowered.
  • pentaphyllus: five-leaved.
  • perbellus: very beautiful.
  • peregrinus: exotic, foreign, from a strange country.
  • perennans: perennial.
  • perennis: perennial, living three or more years.
  • perfoliatus: perfoliate, with leaf surrounding the stem.
  • perforatus: perforated, with holes.
  • permixtus: much mixed or confused.
  • persicaefolius: peach-leaved.
  • persicus: of Persia; also the peach.
  • perspicuus: clear, transparent.
  • pertusus: thrust through, forced through, perforated.
  • peruvianus: Peruvian, of Peru.
  • petaloideus: petal-like.
  • petiolaris: petioled, with a leaf-stalk.
  • petiolatus: petioled.
  • petraeus: rock-loving.
  • phlogiflorus: flame-flowered.
  • phoeniceus: purple-red.
  • phrygius: of Phrygia (in Asia-Minor).
  • phyllomaniacus: running wildly to leaves, leafy.
  • picturatus: painted-leaved, pictured, variegated.
  • pictus: painted.
  • pilifera: bearing soft hairs.
  • pilosiusculus: somewhat or slightly pilose.
  • pilosus: pilose, shaggy, with soft hairs.
  • pilulifera: globule-bearing.
  • pinetorum: of pine forests.
  • pineus: of the pine.
  • pinifolius: pine-leaved.
  • pinnatifidus: pinnatifid, pinnately cleft.
  • pinnatifrons: pinnate-fronded or -foliaged.
  • pinnatinervis: pinnate-nerved.
  • pinnatus: pinnate, with leaflets on the sides of a main leaf axis.
  • pisifera: Pisum-bearing, pea-bearing.
  • pisocarpus: pea-fruited.
  • placatus: quiet, calm.
  • planiflorus: plane-flowered, flat-flowered.
  • planifolius: flat-leaved.
  • plantagineus: plantain-like.
  • planus: plane, flat.
  • platanoides: Platanus-like, plane-tree-like.
  • platycanthus: broad-spined.
  • platycarpus: broad-fruited.
  • platycladus: broad-branched.
  • platyglossus: broad-tongued.
  • platyphyllus: broad-leaved.
  • plenissimus: very full or double.
  • plenus: full, used to designate doubleness in flowers (as in flore-pleno).
  • pleurostachys: side-spiked.
  • plicatus: plicate, plaited, folded lengthwise.
  • plumarius: plumed.
  • plumatus: plumed.
  • plumbeus: of lead.
  • plumosus: feathery.
  • poculiformis: deep cup-shaped.
  • podocarpus: with stalked fruit.
  • poeticus: pertaining to poets
  • polifolius: Polium-leaved, white-leaved.
  • politus: polished.
  • polyacanthus: many-spined.
  • polyandrus: of many stamens.
  • polyanthus: many-flowered.
  • polycephalus: many-headed.
  • polydactylus: many-fingered.
  • polygamus: polygamous, having both perfect and imperfect flowers.
  • polymorphus: of many forms, variable.
  • polypetalus: many-petaled.
  • polyphyllus: many-leaved.
  • polyspermus: many-seeded.
  • polystachyus: many-spiked.
  • polystictus: many-dotted.
  • pomaceus: pome-like, resembling the apple or pear.
  • pomeridianus: afternoon.
  • ponderosus: ponderous, heavy, weighty.
  • ponticus: of Pontus (in Asia Minor).
  • populifolius: populus-leaved, poplar-leaved.
  • populneus: pertaining to poplars.
  • porcinus: pertaining to swine.
  • porrifolius: Porrum- or leek-leaved.
  • praealtus: very tall.
  • praecox: precocious, premature, very early.
  • praestans: distinguished, excelling.
  • praetextus: bordered.
  • prasinatus: greenish.
  • prasinus: grass-green.
  • pratensis: of meadows.
  • precatorius: praying, prayerful.
  • primulinus: primrose-like.
  • princeps: princely, first.
  • prismaticus: prismatic, prism-shaped.
  • proboscideus: proboscis-like.
  • procerus: tall.
  • prucumbens: procumbent, lying on the ground.
  • procurrens: extended.
  • productus: produced, lengthened.
  • profusus: profuse.
  • prolifera: producing offshoots, bearing abnormal supernumerary parts.
  • prolificus: prolific, fruitful.
  • propendens: hanging down.
  • propinquus: related, near to.
  • prostratus: prostrate, lying flat.
  • protrusus: protruding.
  • provincialis: provincial; or of Provence, southern France.
  • pruinatus: pruinose.
  • pruinosus: pruinose, with a hoary or frost-like bloom.
  • prunifolius: plum-leaved.
  • pruriens: itching.
  • pseud- pseudo-: in combinations means false, not genuine, not the true or the typical, as Pseudotsuga, false tsuga.
  • psittacinus: of the parrot.
  • pubens: downy.
  • puberulus: puberulous, somewhat pubescent.
  • pubescens: pubescent, downy.
  • pudicus: bashful, retiring, shrinking.
  • pulchellus: pretty, beautiful.
  • pulcher: handsome, beautiful.
  • pulcherrimus: very handsome.
  • pullus: dark, dusky, almost black.
  • pulverulentus: powdered, dust-covered.
  • pulvinatus: cushioned, cushion-like.
  • pumilus: dwarf.
  • punctatissimus: most spotted, very spotted.
  • punctatus: punctate, dotted.
  • pungens: piercing, sharp-pointed.
  • puniceus: reddish purple.
  • purpuraceus: purple.
  • purpurascens: purplish, becoming purple.
  • purpuratus: purple.
  • purpureus: purple.
  • pusillus: very small, insignificant.
  • pycnacanthus: densely spined.
  • pycnanthus: densely flowered.
  • pygmaeus: pigmy.
  • pyramidalis: pyramidal.
  • pyrenaicus: of the Pyrenees.
  • pyrifolius: pear-leaved.
  • pyriformis: Pyrus-formed, pear-shaped.

Q

  • quadrangularis: quadrangular, four-angled.
  • quadrangulatus: four-angled.
  • quadratus: in four or fours, squared.
  • quartricolor: of four colours.
  • quartridentatus: four-toothed.
  • quadrifidus: four-cut.
  • quadrifolius: four-leaved.
  • quadripartitus: four-parted.
  • quadrivalvis: four-valved.
  • quercifolius: Quercus-leaved, oak-leaved.
  • quercinus: of Quercus the oak.
  • quinatus: quinate, in fives.
  • quinquecolor: five-coloured.
  • quinqueflorus: five-flowered.
  • quinquefolius: five-leaved.
  • quinquelocularis: five-loculed, of five cells or compartments.
  • quinquenervis: five-nerved.
  • quinquepunctatus: five-spotted.

R

  • racemiflorus: raceme-flowered.
  • racemosus: racemose, flowers in racemes.
  • radiatus: radiate, rayed.
  • radicans: rooting.
  • radicosus: many-rooted.
  • radicum: of roots.
  • radiosus: radiate, with many rays.
  • ramentaceus: bearing a hair-like covering.
  • ramiflorus: with branching inflorescence.
  • ramosissimus: most- or much- branched.
  • ramosus: branched.
  • ranifera: bearing frogs.
  • rapaceus: pertaining to rape or turnips.
  • rariflorus: scattered-flowered, with flowers loose or few.
  • rarus: rare, uncommon.
  • raucus: hoarse, raw.
  • reclinatus: reclined, bent back.
  • rectus: straight, upright.
  • recurvatus: recurved.
  • recurvifolius: recurved-leaved.
  • recurvus: recurved, curved back.
  • redivivus: restored, brought to life.
  • reduplicatus: duplicated again, doubled again, redoubled.
  • reflexus: reflexed, bent back.
  • refractus: broken, broken in pieces.
  • refulgens: brightly shining, reflecting light.
  • regalis: regal, royal.
  • regina: queen.
  • regius: regal, royal, kingly, pertaining to a king.
  • religiosus: used for religious purposes, venerated.
  • remotus: remote, with parts distant.
  • reniformis: reniform, kidney-shaped.
  • repandus: repand, with margin wavy.
  • repens: repent, creeping.
  • reptans: creeping.
  • resectus: cut off, curtailed, pruned.
  • resinosus: resin-bearing, full of resin.
  • reticulatus: reticulate, netted, net- veined.
  • retortus: twisted back.
  • retroflexus: reflexed.
  • retusus: retuse, notched slightly at a rounded apex.
  • reversus: reversed, end-for-end.
  • revolutus: revolute, rolled backward from the margins.
  • rex: king.
  • rhamnifolius: Rhamnus-leaved, buckthorn-leaved.
  • rhizophyllus: root-leaved, acaulescent.
  • rhodanthus: rose-flowered.
  • rhodochilus: rose-lipped or -margined.
  • rhodocinctus: rose-girdled.
  • rhodoneurus: red-nerved.
  • rhomboideus: rhomboidal.
  • ricinifolius: Ricinus-leaved, with leaves of castor-oil plant.
  • rigidulus: somewhat stiff or rigid.
  • rigidus: rigid, stiff.
  • ringens: ringent, gaping, open-mouthed.
  • riparius: of river banks.
  • rivalis: pertaining to brooks.
  • rivularis: brook-loving.
  • robustus: robust, stout.
  • rosaceus: rose-like.
  • rosaeflorus: rose-flowered.
  • roseus: rose, rosy.
  • rostratus: rostrate, beaked.
  • rosularis: rosulate, in rosettes.
  • rotatus: rotate, wheel-shaped.
  • rotundifolius: round-leaved.
  • rotundus: rotund, round.
  • rubellus: reddish.
  • rubens: red, ruddy.
  • ruber: red, ruddy.
  • ruberrimus: very red.
  • rubescens: reddish, becoming red.
  • rubiaefolius: rubus- or bramble-leaved.
  • rubicundus: rubicund, red.
  • rubiginosus: rusty.
  • rubricaulis: red-stemmed.
  • rubrifolius: red-leaved.
  • rubronervis: red-veined.
  • rufescens: reddish, becoming red.
  • rufinervis: red-nerved.
  • rufus: red, reddish.
  • rugosus: rugose, wrinkled.
  • runcinatus: runcinate, retrorsely or backwardly incised or toothed.
  • rupestris: rock-loving.
  • rupicolus: growing on cliffs or ledges.
  • rusticus: rustic, belonging to the country.
  • ruthenicus: Ruthenian, Russian.
  • rutilans: red, becoming red.

S

  • saccatus: saccate, bag-like.
  • saccharatus: containing sugar, sweet.
  • saccharifera: sugar-bearing.
  • saccharinus: saccharine.
  • saccharum: sugar.
  • saccifera: bag-bearing.
  • sachalinensis: of Saghalien Isl. (N. Japan).
  • sagittalis: of the arrow, sagittate.
  • sagittatus: sagittate, arrow-like.
  • sagittifolius: arrow-leaved.
  • salicifolius: salix-leaved, willow-leaved.
  • salicinus: willow-like.
  • salignus: of the willow.
  • sailnus: salty.
  • sambucinus: sambucus- or elder-like.
  • sanctus: holy.
  • sandwicensis: of the Sandwich or Hawaiian Isls.
  • sanguineus: bloody, blood-red.
  • sapidus: savory, pleasing to taste.
  • sapientum: of the wise men or authors.
  • saponaceus: soapy.
  • sarcodes: flesh-like.
  • sarmaticus: of Sarmatia (an ancient territory in S. Russia and Poland).
  • sarmentosus: sarmentose, bearing runners.
  • sativus: cultivated.
  • saurocephalus: lizard-headed.
  • saxatilis: found among rocks.
  • saxicolus: growing among rocks.
  • saxosus: full of rocks.
  • scaber: scabrous, rough.
  • scabrellus: somewhat scabrous.
  • scandens: scandent, climbing.
  • scaposus: with scapes.
  • sceptrum: of a scepter.
  • schizoneurus: cut-nerved.
  • schizopetalus: cut-petaled.
  • schizohyllus: cut-leaved.
  • scholaris: pertaining to a school.
  • sclerocarpus: hard-fruited.
  • sclerophyllus: hard-leaved.
  • scotica: Scottish, of Scotland.
  • sculptus: carved.
  • scutellaris: salver- or dish-shaped.
  • scutum: a shield.
  • sebifera: tallow-bearing.
  • sebosus: full of tallow or grease.
  • sechellarus: of the Seychelles (Indian Ocean).
  • secundus: secund, side-flowering.
  • securigera: axe-bearing.
  • segetum: of cornfields.
  • semialatus: semi-winged, half or somewhat winged.
  • semicaudatus: semi- or partially tailed.
  • semicylindricus: semi- or somewhat cylindrical.
  • semipinnatus: half or imperfectly pinnate.
  • semperflorens: ever flowering.
  • sempervirens: ever green.
  • senilis: senile, old, white-haired.
  • sensibilis: endowed with feeling, sensitive.
  • sensitivus: sensitive.
  • sepiarius: pertaining to hedges.
  • sepium: of hedges or fences.
  • septangularis: seven-angled.
  • septumlobus: seven-lobed.
  • septempunctatus: seven-spotted.
  • septentrionalis: northern, belonging to the North.
  • sepultus: sepulchered, interred.
  • sericeus: silky.
  • serotinus: late, late-flowering or late-ripening.
  • serpens: creeping, crawling.
  • serpentinus: of snakes, serpentine, looping or waving.
  • serratifolius: serrate-leaved, saw-edge-leaved.
  • serratus: serrate, saw-toothed.
  • serrulatus: serrulate, somewhat serrate.
  • sesquipedalis: one foot and a half long or high.
  • sessiflorus: sessile-flowered, without pedicel.
  • sessifolius: sessile-leaved, without petiole.
  • sessilifolius: sessile-leaved.
  • sessilis: sessile, stalkless, sitting.
  • setaceus: setaceous, bristle-like.
  • setigera: bristly, bristle-bearing.
  • setosus: setose, full of bristles.
  • setulosus: full of small bristles.
  • sibiricus: of Siberia.
  • signatus: marked, designated, attested.
  • sikkimensis: of Sikhim or Sikkim (N. India).
  • siliceus: pertaining to or growing in sand.
  • siliculosus: bearing silicles.
  • silvaticus: pertaining to woods, sylvan; sometimes sylvalictus.
  • silvestris: pertaining to woods.
  • simplex: simple, unbranched.
  • simplicicaulis: simple-stemmed.
  • simplicifolius: simple-leaved.
  • simplicissimus: simplest, very unbranched.
  • simulans: similar to, resembling.
  • sinensis: Chinese, of China.
  • sinicus: Chinese.
  • sinuatus: sinuate, wavy-margined.
  • sinuosus: sinuate.
  • sitchensis: belonging to Sitka, Alaskan.
  • smaragdinus: of emerald.
  • smilacinus: of smilax.
  • sobolifera: bearing creeping rooting stems or shoots.
  • socialis: sociable, companionable.
  • socotranus: of the Island of Socotra (south of Arabia).
  • solaris: solar, of the sun.
  • solidus: solid, dense, not hollow.
  • somnifera: sleep-producing.
  • sordidus: dirty, unclean, foul.
  • spadiceus: with a spadix.
  • sparsiflorus: sparsely or few-flowered.
  • sparsifolius: sparsely or few-leaved.
  • sparsus: sparse, scattered, few.
  • sparteus: pertaining to the broom.
  • spathaceus: with a spathe.
  • spathulatus: spatulate, spoon-shaped, narrowed toward the base from a rounded top.
  • speciosissimus: very showy.
  • speciosus: showy, good-looking.
  • spectabilis: spectacular, worth seeing, remarkable, showy.
  • spectandus: showy.
  • spectrum: an image, apparition.
  • sphacelatus: dead, withered, diseased.
  • sphaericus: spherical.
  • sphaerocarpus: spherical-fruited.
  • sphaerocephalus: spherical-headed.
  • sphaeroideus: sphere-like.
  • sphaerostachyus: spherical-spiked.
  • spicatus: spicate, with spikes.
  • spicigera: spike-bearing.
  • spinosissimus: most or very spiny.
  • spinosus: full of spines.
  • spinulifera: bearing small spines.
  • spinulosus: somewhat or weakly spiny.
  • spiralis: spiral.
  • spirellus: a spiral, little spiral.
  • splendens: splendid.
  • splendidissimus: very splendid.
  • splendidus: splendid.
  • spumarius: frothing, of froth or spume.
  • spurius: spurious, false, bastard.
  • squalens: daubed, filthy.
  • squalidus: squalid, filthy.
  • squamatus: squamate, with squamae or small scale-like leaves or bracts.
  • squamosus: squamate, full of scales.
  • squarrosus: squarrose, with parts spreading or even recurved at ends.
  • stamineus: bearing prominent stamens.
  • stans: standing, erect, upright.
  • stauracanthus: with spines cross-shaped.
  • stellaris: starry.
  • stellatus: stellate, starry.
  • stellulatus: of little stars.
  • stenocephalus: narrow-headed.
  • stenogynus: with a narrow stigma.
  • stenopetalus: narrow-petaled.
  • stenophyllus: narrow-leaved.
  • stenopterus: narrow-winged.
  • sterilis: sterile, infertile.
  • stigmaticus: marked, of stigmas.
  • stigmosus: much marked, pertaining to stigmas.
  • stipulaceus: stipuled, with stipules.
  • stipularis: stipuled.
  • stipulatus: stipuled.
  • stolonifera: bearing stolons or runners that take root.
  • stramineus: straw-coloured.
  • strangulatus: strangled, constricted.
  • streptocarpus: twisted-fruited.
  • streptopetalus: with petals twisted.
  • streptophyllus: twisted-leaved.
  • streptosepalus: with sepals twisted.
  • striatulus: somewhat or faintly striped.
  • striatus: striated, striped.
  • strictiflorus: strict- or stiff-flowered.
  • strictus: strict, upright, erect.
  • strigillosus: somewhat strigose.
  • strigosus: strigose, covered with sharp straight appressed hairs.
  • strigulosus: beset with small or weak appressed hairs.
  • striolatus: striolate, somewhat or faintly striped.
  • strobilifera: cone-bearing.
  • strumarius: of tumors or ulcers.
  • strumatus: with tumors or ulcers.
  • stylosus: with style or styles prominent.
  • styracifluus: flowing with storax or gum.
  • suaveolens: sweet-scented.
  • suavis: sweet, agreeable.
  • suavissimus: sweetest, very sweet-scented.
  • subacaulis: somewhat stemmed, nearly stemless.
  • subalpinus: subalpine, nearly alpine.
  • subauriculatus: somewhat or rather auricled or eared.
  • subcarnosus: nearly or rather fleshy.
  • subcordatus: partially or imperfectly or somewhat cordate.
  • subedentatus: nearly toothless.
  • suberculatus: of cork, corky.
  • suberectus: somewhat or rather erect.
  • suberosus: cork-barked, full of cork.
  • subfalcatus: somewhat falcate.
  • subglaucus: somewhat or to some degree glaucous.
  • subhirtellus: somewhat hairy.
  • sublunatus: somewhat lunate or crescent-shaped.
  • submersus: submerged, under water.
  • subperennis: imperfectly or nearly perennial.
  • subpetiolatus: somewhat or partially petioled.
  • subsessilis: nearly sessile, not completely sessile.
  • suhsinuatus: somewhat sinuate or wav>r-margined.
  • subterraneus: subterranean, underground.
  • subulatus: subulate, awl-shaped.
  • subumbellatus: somewhat or incompletely umbellate.
  • subvillosus: somewhat villose or soft-hairy.
  • subvolubilis: somewhat twining.
  • succulentus: succulent, fleshy.
  • suecicus: Swedish, of Sweden.
  • suffrutescens: slightly shrubby, becoming somewhat shrubby.
  • suffruticosus: slightly shrubby.
  • sulcatus: silicate, furrowed.
  • sulphureus: sulfur-coloured.
  • sumatranus: of the island of Sumatra.
  • superbiens: superb, proud.
  • superbus: superb, proud.
  • superciliaris: eyebrow-like.
  • superfluus: superfluous, redundant.
  • surculosus: producing suckers.
  • surinamensis: belonging to Surinam (Dutch Guiana).
  • susianus: of the province of Susiana (Persia).
  • suspensus: suspended, hung.
  • sylvaticus: sylvan, forest-loving (also written silvaticus).
  • sylvestris: of woods or forests.
  • sylvicolus: growing in woods
  • syphiliticus: syphilitic.
  • syriacus: Syrian, of Syria.
  • systylus: with styles joined.

T

  • tabularis: pertaining to tablets.
  • tabuliformis: tablet-formed.
  • taedigera: torch-bearing, resin-bearing.
  • taraxicifolius: Taraxicum- or dandelion-leaved.
  • tardiflorus: late-flowered.
  • tardivus: tardy, late.
  • tataricus: of Tartary (old name for Central Asia).
  • taureus: of oxen.
  • tauricus: Taurian, Crimean.
  • taurinus: bull-like.
  • taxifolius: Taxus-leaved, yew-leaved.
  • tectorum: of roofs or houses.
  • tectus: concealed.
  • temulentus: drunken.
  • tenacissimus: most tenacious.
  • tenax: tenacious, strong.
  • tenebrosus: of dark or shaded places.
  • tenellus: slender, tender, soft.
  • tener: slender, tender, soft.
  • tentaculatus: with tentacles or short projecting parts.
  • tenuicaulis: slender-stemmed.
  • tenuiflorus: slender-flowered.
  • tenuifolius: slender-leaved.
  • tenuilobus: slender-lobed.
  • tenuior: more slender.
  • tenuis: slender, thin.
  • tenuissimus: very slender, very thin.
  • terebinthinus: of turpentine.
  • teres: terete, circular in cross-section.
  • teretifolius: terete-leaved.
  • terminalis: terminal, at the end of a stem or branch.
  • ternatus: in threes, ternate.
  • ternifolius: with leaves in threes.
  • terrestris: of the earth, terrestrial.
  • tessellatus: tessellate, laid off in squares or in dice-like pattern.
  • testaceus: light brown, brick-coloured; also testaceous, bearing a prominent testa or outer seed-coat.
  • testiculatus: testiculated, testicled.
  • testudinarius: like a tortoise-shell.
  • tetracanthus: four-spined.
  • tetragonus: four-angled.
  • tetrandrus: four-anthered.
  • tetranthus: four-flowered.
  • tetraphyllus: four-leaved.
  • tetrapterus: four-winged.
  • tetraquetrus: four-cornered.
  • texanus, texen sis: of Texas, belonging to Texas.
  • theifera: tea-bearing.
  • thermalis: warm, of warm springs.
  • thuyoides: like Thuja or arbor-vitae.
  • thyrsiflorus: Thyrse-flowered.
  • thyrsoideus: thyrse-like.
  • tibicinis: of a flute player.
  • tigrinus: tiger-striped.
  • tinctorius: belonging to dyers, of dyes.
  • tinctus: dyed.
  • tipuliformis: of the shape of a daddy-long-legs.
  • tomentosus: tomentose, matted-pubescent.
  • torminalis: useful against colic.
  • torosus: torose, cylindrical with contractions at certain places or at intervals.
  • tortilis: twisted.
  • tortuosus: much twisted.
  • tortus: twisted.
  • torulosus: somewhat torose.
  • toxicarius: poisonous.
  • toxicus: poisonous.
  • toxifera: poison-producing.
  • transparens: transparent.
  • trapeziformis: trapezium-formed, a four-sided figure of which no two sides are alike.
  • trapezioides: trapezium-like.
  • tremuloides: like Tremulus, the trembling poplar.
  • tremulus: quivering, trembling.
  • triacanthus: three-spined.
  • triandrus: with three anthers or stamens
  • triangularis: three-angled.
  • triangulatus: three-angled.
  • triangulus: three-angular.
  • tricaudatus: three-tailed.
  • trichophyllus: hairy-leaved.
  • trichosanthus: hairy-flowered.
  • trichospe mus: hairy-seeded.
  • trichotomus: thrice branched or forked.
  • tricolor: three-coloured.
  • tricornis: three-horned.
  • tricuspidatus: three-cusped, three-pointed.
  • tridactylus: three-fingered.
  • tridens: with three teeth.
  • tridentatus: three-toothed.
  • trifasciatus: three-banded.
  • trifidus: three-parted.
  • triflorus: three-flowered.
  • trifoliatus: three-leaved.
  • trifoliolatus: three-leafleted.
  • trifolius: three-leaved.
  • trifurcatus: trifurcate, thrice-forked.
  • trilineatus: three-lined.
  • trilobatus: three-lobed.
  • trilobus: three-lobed.
  • trimestris: of three months.
  • trinervis: three-nerved.
  • trinotatus: three-marked or -spotted.
  • tripartitus: three-parted.
  • tripetalus: three-petaled.
  • triphyllus: three-leaved.
  • tripteris: three-winged.
  • tripunctatus: three-spotted.
  • triquetrus: three-cornered.
  • tristis: sad, bitter, dull.
  • triternatus: triternate, thrice in threes.
  • triumphans: triumphant.
  • trivialis: common, ordinary, very frequent, found everywhere.
  • tropicus: of the tropics.
  • truncatulus: somewhat or partially truncate.
  • truncatus: truncate, cut off square.
  • tuberculatus: tuberculate, with tubercles or small tubers.
  • tuberculosus: tubercled, knotted.
  • tuberosus: tuberous.
  • tubiflorus: tube-flowered, trumpet-flowered.
  • tubispathus: tube-spathed.
  • tubulosus: tubulose, with tubes.
  • tulipifera: tulip-bearing.
  • tumidus: swollen.
  • turbinatus: turbinate, top-shaped.
  • turgidus: turgid, inflated, full.
  • typhinus: smoky or dull; perhaps pertaining to fever.
  • typicus: typical, conforming to the standard or norm.

U

  • ulicinus: like the gorse or furze (Ulex).
  • uliginosus: of wet or marshy places.
  • ulmifolius: Ulmus-leaved, elm-leaved.
  • umbeliatus: with umbels.
  • umbellulatus: with umbellets.
  • umbonatus: bossed, bearing at center an umbo or stout projection.
  • umbraculifera: umbrella-bearing, shade-producing.
  • umbrosus: shaded, shade-loving.
  • uncinatus: hooked at the point.
  • unditus: waved.
  • undecimpunctatus: eleven-spotted.
  • undulatifolius: undulate-leaved.
  • undulatus: undulated, wavy.
  • unguicularis: clawed, narrowed to a petiole-like base.
  • unguiculatus: unguiculate, clawed.
  • unguipetalus: petals clawed.
  • unicolor: one-coloured.
  • unicornis: one-horned.
  • unidentatus: one-toothed.
  • uniflorus: one-flowered.
  • unilateralis: one-sided.
  • univittatus: one-striped.
  • urceolatus: urn-shaped.
  • urens: burning, stinging.
  • urentissimus: very burning, very stinging.
  • urophyllus: tail-leaved.
  • urustachyus: tail-spiked.
  • ursinus: pertaining to bears.
  • urticifolius: nettle-leaved (Urtica).
  • usitatissimus: most useful.
  • ustulatus: burnt, sere.
  • utilis: useful.
  • utilissimus: most useful.
  • utriculatus: utriculate, with a utricle or small bladdery one-seeded fruit.
  • utriculosus: utricled.
  • uvifera: grape-bearing.

V

  • vagans: wandering, vagabondish.
  • vaginalis: vaginate, sheathed.
  • vaginatus: sheathed.
  • valdivianus, valdiviensis: Valdivian, of province of Valdivia (Chile).
  • valentinus: Valentian, of Valentia (in Spain).
  • validus: strong.
  • variabilis: variable, of many forms.
  • varians: variable.
  • variatus: variable.
  • variegatus: variegated.
  • vaiiiformis: of variable or many forms.
  • varius: various, diverse.
  • vastator (feminine vastatrix): ravaging, devastating.
  • vegetatus: full of growth, vigorous.
  • vegetus: vigorous.
  • velaris: pertaining to curtains or veils.
  • velutinus: velvety.
  • venenatus: poisonous.
  • venosus: veiny.
  • ventricosus: ventricose, swelling or inflated on one side or unevenly.
  • venustus: handsome, charming.
  • verecundus: modest, blushing.
  • vermiculatus: worm-like, or like worm-tracks.
  • vernalis: vernal.
  • vernicifera: varnish-bearing.
  • vernus: of spring, vernal.
  • verrucosus: verrucose, warted.
  • versicolor: variously coloured.
  • verticillaris: verticillate.
  • verticillatus: verticillate, whorled, arranged in a circle about the stem.
  • verus: the true or genuine or standard.
  • vescus: weak, thin, feeble.
  • vesiculosus: with little bladders
  • vespertinus: of the evening, western.
  • vestitus: covered, clothed, as with hairs or pubescence.
  • vexans: puzzling, vexatious.
  • vexillarius: of the standard petal (as of pea-like flowers), with a standard.
  • villosus: villous, soft-hairy.
  • viminalis: of osiers, of basket willows.
  • vimineus: of osiers or wicker-work.
  • vinifera: wine-bearing.
  • vinosus: full of wine.
  • violaceus: violet.
  • violescens: somewhat violet-coloured or becoming so.
  • virens: green.
  • virescens: greenish, becoming green.
  • virgatus: twiggy.
  • virginalis: virgin.
  • virgineus: virgin.
  • virginicus, virginien sis: Virginian, of Virginia.
  • viridiflorus: green-flowered.
  • viridifolius: green-leaved.
  • viridis: green.
  • viridissimus: greenest, very green.
  • viridulus: greenish.
  • viscidulus: somewhat viscid.
  • viscidus: viscid, sticky.
  • viscosissimus: very sticky.
  • viscosus: viscid.
  • vitellinus: dull yellow approaching red.
  • vitifolius: Vitis-leaved, grape-leaved.
  • vittatus: striped.
  • vittigera: bearing stripes.
  • viviparus: viviparous, producing the young alive (rather-than oviparous).
  • volgaricus: of the Volga River region (also written wolgaricus).
  • volubilis: twining.
  • voluptas: pleasure, delight.
  • volurus: rolled-leaved.
  • vulgaris: vulgar, common.
  • vulgatus: common.
  • vulpinus: of the fox.

W

  • wolgaricus: Volga River (see volgaricus).

X

  • xanthacanthus: yellow-spined.
  • xanthinus: yellow.
  • xanthocarpus: yellow-fruited.
  • xantholeucus: yellow-white.
  • xanthophyllus: yellow-leaved.

Y

  • yedoensis: of Yedo or Yeddo (Japan).
  • yunnanensis: of Province of Yunnan, China.

Z

  • zebrinus: zebra-striped.
  • zeylanicus: Ceylonian, of Ceylon; Cingalese; same as ceylanicus.
  • zonilis: zonal, zoned.
  • zonatus: zoned, banded.

More information on species names

The species-adjective is made to agree with its genus in gender: thus the Latin adjective aureus (golden) takes the regular masculine termination in Calochortus aureus, because Calochortus is masculine; the feminine termination in Albuca aurea; the neuter in Acrostichum aureum; in Sorbus it is feminine (S. aurea) even though the generic name is masculine in form, because most trees are feminine whatever the termination of the name. In the following list, for convenience most of the adjectives are printed in the masculine form. The leading exceptions are those that terminate in -fer and -ger, meaning "bearuig," these being given in the feminine form.

The above examples illustrate prevailing terminations of species-words. Other adjectives have other forms, as niger; nigra, nigrum (black); asper, aspera, asperum (rough); acaulis, acaule (stemless); the termination -ensis (belonging to, citizen of), as in canadensis, canadense (not -um). Commemorative personal species-names may be in the genitive or in the form of an adjective; as Stanhopea Lindleyi. Lindley's stanhopea; Selenipedium Lindleyanum, Lindleyan selenipedium. If the person's name ends in a hard consonant, the termination (under the recent Vienna code) is in double ii, as Canna Lambertii. If for a woman, the termination is feminine, as Acacia Wayae. Substantive names in apposition hold their own termination, and the word in such cases should begin with a capital letter, if it is a proper name or an old generic name, as Hibiscus Sabdariffa, Artemisia Absinthium, Begonia Rex. Such words are usually old generic names or prominent vernacular substantives, and they commonly record some historical connection of the plant.

Very many names are compounded from generic or subgeneric names, representing similarity or likeness to. These the reader will be able to recognize at once, and they need not be entered in this list. Examples are: achilleaefolius, achillea-leaved; achilleoides, achillea-like; acrostichoides, acrostichum-like; bellidiflorus, bellis-flowered; lamiifolius, lamium-leaved; xiphioides, xiphium-like; tremuliformis, tremula-formed or -shaped; cacaliopsis, cacalia-like; atriplicis, atriplex-like; scillaris, scilla-like.