Difference between revisions of "Calycanthus"

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{{Taxobox
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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
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| color = lightgreen
 
 
| name = ''Calycanthus''
 
| name = ''Calycanthus''
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| common_names = sweetshrub, spicebush, strawberry-bush
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| growth_habit = ?  <!--- tree, shrub, herbaceous, vine, etc -->
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| high = ?  <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
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| wide =    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
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| origin = ?  <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
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| poisonous =    <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
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| lifespan =    <!--- perennial, annual, etc -->
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| exposure = ?  <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
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| water = ?  <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
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| features =    <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
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| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
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| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
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| usda_zones = ?  <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
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| sunset_zones =    <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
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| color = IndianRed
 
| image = Floridus1f.UME.jpg
 
| image = Floridus1f.UME.jpg
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| image_width = 240px
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| image_width = 180px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
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| image_caption = ''Calycanthus floridus''
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| image_caption = Calycanthus floridus
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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| regnum = Plantae
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| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
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| divisio = Magnoliophyta
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| classis = [[Dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]]
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| classis = Magnoliopsida
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| ordo = [[Laurales]]
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| ordo = Laurales
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| familia = [[Calycanthaceae]]
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| familia = Calycanthaceae
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| genus = '''''Calycanthus'''''
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| genus = Calycanthus
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| genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
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| species =  
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| subdivision_ranks = Species
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| subspecies =  
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| subdivision = See text
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| cultivar =  
 
}}
 
}}
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{{Inc|
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Calycanthus (Kalyx and anthos, flower; the calyx is large and conspicuous). Syn. Butneria. Calycanthaceae. Carolina Allspice. Sweet-scented Shrub. Ornamental shrubs, cultivated chiefly for their fragrant flowers.
  
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'''''Calycanthus''''' ('''sweetshrub''', '''spicebush''' or '''strawberry-bush''') is a genus of [[flowering plant]]s in the family [[Calycanthaceae]], [[endemic (ecology)|endemic]] to [[North America]]. The genus includes two to four species depending on taxonomic interpretation; two are accepted by the ''Flora of North America''.
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Winter-buds small, without bud-scales, hidden by the base of petiole before the lvs. fall: lvs. opposite, petioled, entire: fls. with numerous imbricate sepals and no distinct petals; stamens many, short with innate anthers; pistils many, inclosed in a hollow receptacle: fr. caps.- like, formed like the rose-hip by the calyx-tube and containing numerous achenes.—Four species in N. Amer.
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These are deciduous shrubs of aromatic fragrance, with opposite rather large leaves usually rough above and brown or brownish usually fragrant flowers, terminal on leafy branchlets followed by a large capsule- like dry fruit. Except C. occidentalis, the species are hardy or nearly hardy North. They grow in almost any well-drained and somewhat rich soil, and succeed as well in shady as in sunny positions. Propagated by seeds sown in spring; also increased by layers put down in summer, and by suckers or division of older plants.
  
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This is a protected plant and must not be dug up in the wild under penalty.{{Fact|date=April 2007}}
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C. Mohrii, Small. Shrub, 2-6 ft.: lvs. ovate to oblong-ovate at the base, rounded to subcordate or broadly cuneate, densely pubescent beneath, 2-7 in. long: fls. purple, fragrant, more than 2 in. across. Tenn. and Als. Little-known species, very similar to C. floridus var. ovatus, but the fr. campanulate and not contracted at the mouth. It has proved hardy at the Arnold Arboretum.—C. praecox. Linn.~Meratia praecox. Alfred rehdee.{{SCH}}
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}}
  
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They are [[deciduous]] [[shrub]]s growing to 2-4 m tall. The [[leaf|leaves]] are opposite, entire, 5-15 cm long and 2-6 cm broad. The [[flower]]s are produced in early summer after the leaves, 4-7 cm broad, with numerous spirally-arranged narrow dark red [[tepal]]s (resembling a small [[magnolia]] flower); they are strongly scented. The [[fruit]] is an elliptic dry [[capsule (fruit)|capsule]] 5-7 cm long, containing numerous [[seed]]s.
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==Cultivation==
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{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
  
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;Species
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===Propagation===
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{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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===Pests and diseases===
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{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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==Species==
 
*''Calycanthus floridus'' ('''Carolina Sweetshrub'''). [[Pennsylvania]] and [[Ohio]] south to [[Mississippi]] and northern [[Florida]].
 
*''Calycanthus floridus'' ('''Carolina Sweetshrub'''). [[Pennsylvania]] and [[Ohio]] south to [[Mississippi]] and northern [[Florida]].
 
**''Calycanthus floridus'' var. ''floridus'' ([[synonymy|syn.]] ''C. mohrii''). Twigs pubescent.
 
**''Calycanthus floridus'' var. ''floridus'' ([[synonymy|syn.]] ''C. mohrii''). Twigs pubescent.
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*''Calycanthus occidentalis'' ('''California Sweetshrub'''). [[California]] (widespread), [[Washington]] (local, [[Seattle, Washington|Seattle]] area).
 
*''Calycanthus occidentalis'' ('''California Sweetshrub'''). [[California]] (widespread), [[Washington]] (local, [[Seattle, Washington|Seattle]] area).
  
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==Related or potentially confused species==
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==Gallery==
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{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->
  
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The common name "spicebush" more often refers to shrubs of the [[Lindera]] genus (in another family of the [[Laurales]]), especially [[Lindera benzoin]].
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<gallery>
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
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</gallery>
  
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==See also==
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==References==
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*[[Psychedelic plants]]
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
  
 
==External links==
 
==External links==
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*[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=105270 ''Flora of North America'': ''Calycanthus'']
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*{{wplink}}
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*[http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/species/frame/cafl22.htm ''Calycanthus floridus'' images at bioimages.vanderbilt.edu]
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[[Category:Laurales]]
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Categorize]]
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<!--  in order to add all the proper categories, go to http://www.plants.am/wiki/Plant_Categories and copy/paste the contents of the page here, and then follow the easy instructions!    -->

Latest revision as of 18:18, 22 May 2009


Calycanthus floridus


Plant Characteristics
Origin: ✈ ?
Cultivation
Exposure: ☼ ?"?" is not in the list (sun, part-sun, shade, unknown) of allowed values for the "Exposure" property.
Water: ◍ ?"?" is not in the list (wet, moist, moderate, dry, less when dormant) of allowed values for the "Water" property.
Scientific Names

Calycanthaceae >

Calycanthus >



Read about Calycanthus in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Calycanthus (Kalyx and anthos, flower; the calyx is large and conspicuous). Syn. Butneria. Calycanthaceae. Carolina Allspice. Sweet-scented Shrub. Ornamental shrubs, cultivated chiefly for their fragrant flowers.

Winter-buds small, without bud-scales, hidden by the base of petiole before the lvs. fall: lvs. opposite, petioled, entire: fls. with numerous imbricate sepals and no distinct petals; stamens many, short with innate anthers; pistils many, inclosed in a hollow receptacle: fr. caps.- like, formed like the rose-hip by the calyx-tube and containing numerous achenes.—Four species in N. Amer. These are deciduous shrubs of aromatic fragrance, with opposite rather large leaves usually rough above and brown or brownish usually fragrant flowers, terminal on leafy branchlets followed by a large capsule- like dry fruit. Except C. occidentalis, the species are hardy or nearly hardy North. They grow in almost any well-drained and somewhat rich soil, and succeed as well in shady as in sunny positions. Propagated by seeds sown in spring; also increased by layers put down in summer, and by suckers or division of older plants.

C. Mohrii, Small. Shrub, 2-6 ft.: lvs. ovate to oblong-ovate at the base, rounded to subcordate or broadly cuneate, densely pubescent beneath, 2-7 in. long: fls. purple, fragrant, more than 2 in. across. Tenn. and Als. Little-known species, very similar to C. floridus var. ovatus, but the fr. campanulate and not contracted at the mouth. It has proved hardy at the Arnold Arboretum.—C. praecox. Linn.~Meratia praecox. Alfred rehdee.CH


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

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Propagation

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Pests and diseases

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Species

  • Calycanthus floridus (Carolina Sweetshrub). Pennsylvania and Ohio south to Mississippi and northern Florida.
    • Calycanthus floridus var. floridus (syn. C. mohrii). Twigs pubescent.
    • Calycanthus floridus var. glaucus (syn. C. fertilis). Twigs glabrous.
  • Calycanthus occidentalis (California Sweetshrub). California (widespread), Washington (local, Seattle area).

Gallery

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  • photo 1

  • photo 2

  • photo 3

References

External links


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