Difference between revisions of "Koelreuteria paniculata"

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{{Taxobox
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{{SPlantbox
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| color = lightgreen
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|familia=Sapindaceae
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| name = ''Koelreuteria paniculata''
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|genus=Koelreuteria
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| image = KoelreuteriaPaniculata5.jpg
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|species=paniculata
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| image_width = 260px
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|taxo_author=Laxm.
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| image_caption = Foliage and flowers of var. ''apiculata''
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|common_name=Goldenrain tree
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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|name_ref=Complete Landscaping - ISBN 9780376009272
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| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
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|habit=tree
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| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
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|habit_ref=Complete Landscaping - ISBN 9780376009272
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| ordo = [[Sapindales]]
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|Min ht box=30
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| familia = [[Sapindaceae]]
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|Min ht metric=ft
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| genus = ''[[Koelreuteria]]''
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|Max ht box=40
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| species = '''''K. paniculata'''''
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|Max ht metric=ft
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| binomial = ''Koelreuteria paniculata''
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|height_ref=Complete Landscaping - ISBN 9780376009272
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| binomial_authority = [[Erich Laxmann|Laxm.]]
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|lifespan=perennial
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|life_ref=Complete Landscaping - ISBN 9780376009272
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|exposure=sun
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|water=moist, moderate
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|water_ref=Complete Landscaping - ISBN 9780376009272
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|features=deciduous, flowers, fragrance, invasive
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|flower_season=early summer, mid summer
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|flower_ref=Complete Landscaping - ISBN 9780376009272
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|flowers=yellow
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|Temp Metric=°F
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|min_zone=5
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|usda_ref=Complete Landscaping - ISBN 9780376009272
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|max_zone=9.5
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|image=KoelreuteriaPaniculata5.jpg
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|image_width=240
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|image_caption=Foliage and flowers of var. ''apiculata''
 
}}
 
}}
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'''''Koelreuteria paniculata''''' ('''Goldenrain tree''', '''Pride of India''', or '''China tree''') is a species of ''[[Koelreuteria]]'' native to eastern [[Asia]], in [[China]] and [[Korea]].
 
'''''Koelreuteria paniculata''''' ('''Goldenrain tree''', '''Pride of India''', or '''China tree''') is a species of ''[[Koelreuteria]]'' native to eastern [[Asia]], in [[China]] and [[Korea]].
  
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[[Image:Leafage of Koelreuteria paniculata.JPG|left|thumb|Leaf of var. ''paniculata'']]
 
 
It is a small to medium-sized [[deciduous]] [[tree]] growing to 17 m tall, with a broad, dome-shaped crown.  
 
It is a small to medium-sized [[deciduous]] [[tree]] growing to 17 m tall, with a broad, dome-shaped crown.  
  
 
The [[leaf|leaves]] are pinnate, 15-40 cm (rarely to 50 cm) long, with 7-15 leaflets 3-8 cm long, with a deeply serrated margin; the larger leaflets at the mid-point of the leaf are sometimes themselves pinnate but the leaves are not consistently fully bipinnate as in the related ''[[Koelreuteria bipinnata]]''.  
 
The [[leaf|leaves]] are pinnate, 15-40 cm (rarely to 50 cm) long, with 7-15 leaflets 3-8 cm long, with a deeply serrated margin; the larger leaflets at the mid-point of the leaf are sometimes themselves pinnate but the leaves are not consistently fully bipinnate as in the related ''[[Koelreuteria bipinnata]]''.  
  
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The [[flower]]s are yellow, with four petals, growing in large terminal [[panicle]]s 20-40 cm long. The [[fruit]] is a three-parted inflated bladderlike pod 3-6 cm long and 2-4 cm broad, green ripening orange to pink in autumn, containing several dark brown to black [[seed]]s 5-8 mm diameter. <br clear = left>
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The [[flower]]s are yellow, with four petals, growing in large terminal [[panicle]]s 20-40 cm long. The [[fruit]] is a three-parted inflated bladderlike pod 3-6 cm long and 2-4 cm broad, green ripening orange to pink in autumn, containing several dark brown to black [[seed]]s 5-8 mm diameter.
  
 
There are two [[variety (biology)|varieties]]:
 
There are two [[variety (biology)|varieties]]:
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*''Koelreuteria paniculata'' var. ''apiculata'' (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) Rehder (syn. ''K. apiculata''). Western China ([[Sichuan]]), intergrading with var. ''paniculata'' in central China. Leaves with larger leaflets commonly bipinnate.
 
*''Koelreuteria paniculata'' var. ''apiculata'' (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) Rehder (syn. ''K. apiculata''). Western China ([[Sichuan]]), intergrading with var. ''paniculata'' in central China. Leaves with larger leaflets commonly bipinnate.
  
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[[Image:Fruits of Koelreuteria paniculata.jpg|thumb|left|''K. paniculata'' fruits]]
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{{Inc|
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Koelreuteria paniculata, Laxm. (Sapindus chinensis, Linn.). Tree, to 30 ft.: lvs. pinnate or sometimes bipinnate, to 14 in. long; lfts. 7-15, ovate to oblong- ovate, coarsely and irregularly crenate-serrate, at the base often incisely lobed, glabrous above, pubescent on the veins below or nearly glabrous, 1-3 ½ in. long: fls. yellow, ½ in. long, in broad panicles to 18 in. long; filaments hairy: caps, ovate-oblong, gradually narrowed into the pointed apex, 1 ½ -2 in. long. July, Aug.; fr. in Sept. China, Korea, Japan. — It is often cult, in the Cent. W., Kans., Mo., and southward, as an ornamental tree, as it stands drought and hot winds well. It is there popularly known as "pride of India" or "China tree," but the first name belongs properly to Melia Azedarach and the second to Sapindus; it is also sometimes called "varnish tree," but the true varnish tree is Rhus verniciflua.—K. japonica, Sieb., is scarcely different; it is said to differ in its more deeply serrate lvs. and smaller fr.
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}}
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==Cultivation==
 
==Cultivation==
 
It is popularly grown as an [[ornamental plant|ornamental tree]] in [[temperate]] regions all across the world because of the aesthetic appeal of its flowers, leaves and seed pods. Several [[cultivar]]s have been selected for garden planting, including 'Fastigiata' with a narrow crown, and 'September Gold', flowering in late summer.
 
It is popularly grown as an [[ornamental plant|ornamental tree]] in [[temperate]] regions all across the world because of the aesthetic appeal of its flowers, leaves and seed pods. Several [[cultivar]]s have been selected for garden planting, including 'Fastigiata' with a narrow crown, and 'September Gold', flowering in late summer.
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In some areas, notably the eastern [[United States]] and particularly in [[Florida]], it is considered an [[invasive species]].
 
In some areas, notably the eastern [[United States]] and particularly in [[Florida]], it is considered an [[invasive species]].
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===Propagation===
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===Pests and diseases===
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==Varieties==
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==Gallery==
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<gallery perrow=5>
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Image:Leafage of Koelreuteria paniculata.JPG|Leaf of var. ''paniculata''
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Image:Fruits of Koelreuteria paniculata.jpg|''K. paniculata'' fruits
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
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</gallery>
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
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<references/>
 
*[http://www.pfaf.org/database/plants.php?Koelreuteria+paniculata Plants for a Future: ''Koelreuteria paniculata'']
 
*[http://www.pfaf.org/database/plants.php?Koelreuteria+paniculata Plants for a Future: ''Koelreuteria paniculata'']
 
*[http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/species/frame/kopa.htm ''Koelreuteria paniculata'' images at bioimages.vanderbilt.edu]
 
*[http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/species/frame/kopa.htm ''Koelreuteria paniculata'' images at bioimages.vanderbilt.edu]
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
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==External links==
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*{{wplink}}
  
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[[Category:Invasive plant species]]
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{{stub}}
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__NOTOC__

Latest revision as of 19:04, 8 May 2011


Foliage and flowers of var. apiculata


Plant Characteristics
Habit   tree

Height: ⇕ 30 ft"ft" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 30. to 40 ft"ft" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 40.
Lifespan: ⌛ perennial
Bloom: ❀ early summer, mid summer
Cultivation
Exposure: ☼ sun
Water: ◍ moist, moderate
Features: ✓ deciduous, flowers, fragrance, invasive
USDA Zones: 5 to 9.5
Flower features: ❀ yellow
Scientific Names

Sapindaceae >

Koelreuteria >

paniculata >

Laxm. >


Koelreuteria paniculata (Goldenrain tree, Pride of India, or China tree) is a species of Koelreuteria native to eastern Asia, in China and Korea.

It is a small to medium-sized deciduous tree growing to 17 m tall, with a broad, dome-shaped crown.

The leaves are pinnate, 15-40 cm (rarely to 50 cm) long, with 7-15 leaflets 3-8 cm long, with a deeply serrated margin; the larger leaflets at the mid-point of the leaf are sometimes themselves pinnate but the leaves are not consistently fully bipinnate as in the related Koelreuteria bipinnata.

The flowers are yellow, with four petals, growing in large terminal panicles 20-40 cm long. The fruit is a three-parted inflated bladderlike pod 3-6 cm long and 2-4 cm broad, green ripening orange to pink in autumn, containing several dark brown to black seeds 5-8 mm diameter.

There are two varieties:

  • Koelreuteria paniculata var. paniculata. Northern China and Korea. Leaves single-pinnate.
  • Koelreuteria paniculata var. apiculata (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) Rehder (syn. K. apiculata). Western China (Sichuan), intergrading with var. paniculata in central China. Leaves with larger leaflets commonly bipinnate.


Read about Koelreuteria paniculata in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Koelreuteria paniculata, Laxm. (Sapindus chinensis, Linn.). Tree, to 30 ft.: lvs. pinnate or sometimes bipinnate, to 14 in. long; lfts. 7-15, ovate to oblong- ovate, coarsely and irregularly crenate-serrate, at the base often incisely lobed, glabrous above, pubescent on the veins below or nearly glabrous, 1-3 ½ in. long: fls. yellow, ½ in. long, in broad panicles to 18 in. long; filaments hairy: caps, ovate-oblong, gradually narrowed into the pointed apex, 1 ½ -2 in. long. July, Aug.; fr. in Sept. China, Korea, Japan. — It is often cult, in the Cent. W., Kans., Mo., and southward, as an ornamental tree, as it stands drought and hot winds well. It is there popularly known as "pride of India" or "China tree," but the first name belongs properly to Melia Azedarach and the second to Sapindus; it is also sometimes called "varnish tree," but the true varnish tree is Rhus verniciflua.—K. japonica, Sieb., is scarcely different; it is said to differ in its more deeply serrate lvs. and smaller fr.


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

It is popularly grown as an ornamental tree in temperate regions all across the world because of the aesthetic appeal of its flowers, leaves and seed pods. Several cultivars have been selected for garden planting, including 'Fastigiata' with a narrow crown, and 'September Gold', flowering in late summer.

The seeds are edible when roasted, but not commonly consumed.

In some areas, notably the eastern United States and particularly in Florida, it is considered an invasive species.

Propagation

Pests and diseases

Varieties

Gallery

  • Leaf of var. paniculata

  • K. paniculata fruits

  • photo 1

  • photo 2

  • photo 3

References

External links


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