Difference between revisions of "Plumeria"

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{{Taxobox
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{{SPlantbox
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| color = lightgreen
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|familia=Apocynaceae
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| name = ''Plumeria''
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|genus=Plumeria
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| image = Plumeria alba flowers.jpg
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|common_name=Plumeria, Frangipani
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| image_width = 240px
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|habit=tree
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| image_caption = ''Plumeria alba'' (White Frangipani)
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|Min ht box=4
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| regnum = [[Plantae]]
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|Min ht metric=m
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| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
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|Max ht box=8
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| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
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|Max ht metric=m
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| ordo = [[Gentianales]]
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|origin=tropical and subtropical Americas
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| familia = [[Apocynaceae]]
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|poisonous=sap
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| genus = '''''Plumeria'''''
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|lifespan=perennial
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| genus_authority = [[Joseph Pitton de Tournefort|Tourn.]] ex [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
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|exposure=sun
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| subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
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|water=moderate
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| subdivision =  
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|features=flowers, fragrance
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7-8 species including:
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|Temp Metric=°F
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* ''[[Plumeria alba]]''
+
|sunset_zones=vary by species
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* ''[[Plumeria inodora]]''
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|image=Fruit Salad Plumeria-6001.jpg
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* ''[[Plumeria obtusa]]''
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|image_width=240
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* ''[[Plumeria pudica]]''
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|image_caption=Plumeria 'Fruit Salad'
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* ''[[Plumeria rubra]]'' (Also known as ''Plumeria acuminata'' and ''Plumeria acutifolia'')
 
−
* ''[[Plumeria stenopetala]]''
 
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* ''[[Plumeria stenophylla]]''
 
 
}}
 
}}
 +
'''''Plumeria''''' is a genus which is known by the common name '''Frangipani''' in some places.
 +
During warm periods, the plants will give strongly perfumed flowers, used in Hawaii to make leis. 
  
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'''''Plumeria''''' (common name '''Frangipani'''; [[syn.]] ''Himatanthus'' [[Willd.]] ex [[Roem.]] & [[Schult.]]) is a small genus of 7-8 species native to tropical and subtropical [[Americas]]. The genus consists of mainly deciduous shrubs and trees. ''P. rubra'' (Common Frangipani, Red Frangipani), native to [[Mexico]], [[Central America]],  and [[Venezuela]], produces flowers ranging from yellow to pink depending on form or cultivar. From Mexico and Central America, ''Plumeria'' has spread to all tropical areas of the world, especially [[Hawaii]], where it grows so abundantly that many people think that it is indigenous there.
+
{{Inc|
 +
Plumeria (Charles Plumier, 1646-1706, distinguished French botanist). Also spelled Plumiera and Plumieria. ApocynaceaeTropical trees grown for their showy and very fragrant flowers.
  
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==Plant==
+
Leaves alternate, penninerved, the primary veins joined to a nerve running parallel with the margin: fls. in terminal 2-3-chotomous cymes: bracts usually large and covering the young buds but deciduous long before anthesis; corolla-tube cylindrical throughout; stamens included, near the base of the tube; disk wanting or fleshy and covering the tube of the calyx; ovules in many series: follicles 2.—About 50 species, all Troc. American, of which 2 kinds at present are offered in s. Calif, and 2 in S. Fla. The species are much confused and imperfectly understood.
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''Plumeria'' is related to the Oleander, ''[[Oleander|Nerium oleander]]'', and both possess poisonous, milky sap, rather similar to that of ''[[Euphorbia]]''. Each of the separate species of ''Plumeria'' bears differently shaped leaves and their form and growth habits are also distinct. The leaves of ''P. alba'' are quite narrow and corrugated, while leaves of ''P. pudica'' have an  elongated oak shape and glossy, dark green color. ''P. pudica'' is one of the everblooming types with non-deciduous, evergreen leaves. Another species that retains leaves and flowers in winter is ''P. obtusa''; though its common name is "Singapore", it is originally from [[Colombia]].
 
  
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''Plumeria'' flowers are most fragrant at night in order to lure [[sphinx moths]] to pollinate them. The flowers have no [[nectar]], and simply dupe their pollinators. The moths inadvertently pollinate them by transferring pollen from flower to flower in their fruitless search for nectar.
+
Plumerias are amongst the most fragrant of tropical flowers, vying in this respect with the jessamine. Cape jasmine, and tuberose. They have large waxy funnel- shaped flowers with 5 spreading lobes of white, yellow, rose-purple, or combinations of the three colors. Choice specimens have been known to bear clusters 9 inches across, composed of more than twenty flowers each 3 1/2 inches across. They are considerably cultivated in all tropical lands. In the Pacific islands, P. acutifolia is frequent in graveyards. The word frangipani is supposed to be from the French, franchipanier, coagulated milk, referring to the tenacious white juice which exudes plentifully from the wounded plant. Other accounts suppose it to have come from an Italian noble- man of that name who in the Middle Ages compounded a perfume of many ingrediente and which the odor of these flowers resembled. All species are likely to be called frangipani. Plumerias are essentially summer-growing plants. Keep rather dry in winter. Propagation is by cuttings in February or March.
  
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''Plumeria'' species are easily [[Plant propagation|propagated]] by taking a cutting of leafless stem tips in [[Spring (season)|spring]] and allowing them to dry at the base before inserting them into soil. They are also propagated via tissue culture both from cuttings of freshly elongated stems and via aseptically germinated [[seed]].
+
The following species have been intro. and more or less cult, abroad: P. bicolort Ruiz & Pav. Tree, up to 40 ft. high: lvs. oblong, acuminate, margins revolute: fls. white, yellow at throat. Peru.—P. Jamemnii, Hook. Four feet high: lvs. mostly at tips of branches: as. yellow, deeply tinged with red. Ecuador.—P. Lambertiana., Lindl. Ten feet high: lvs. oblong, acuminate, flat: fls. white, yellow-throated, with broad- rhomboid obtuse segms. May to Aug. Mex. B.R. 1378.—P. lutea, Ruiz & Pav. Ten to 20 feet high: lvs. crowded at ends of branches, 8-18 in. long, oblong-ovate: fls. white, flushed very pale pink with a broad pale golden yellow center. Peru. —P. tricolor, Ruiz A Pav. (P. Kerii, Don). Fifteen feet high: lvs. obovate-oblong, tapering at both ends: fls. with a yellow throat, white above the yellow and bright rose around the segm. margin. July-Oct. Peru.—P. tuberculata, Lodd. Six feet high: branches tuberculate: lvs. coriaceous, narrow- oblong, tapering into the petioles: fis. white, scentless. Aug. Santo Domingo
 +
{{SCH}}
 +
}}
  
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== Etymology and common names ==
+
==Cultivation==
−
[[Image:Plumeria-0-KayEss-1.jpeg|thumb|left|150px|''[[Plumeria rubra]]'']]
+
Fertilize plumeria with 10-30-10 every three to four months (in frost-free areas) at about 1 lb per inch of trunk diameter, distributing the fertilizer around the the plant to 2 feet beyond the foliage line. Feeding late in year will cause soft growth, which is vulnerable to the lightest frosts, so in frost-prone areas, only fertilize during early to mid-growing season.
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The genus, originally spelled ''Plumiera'', is named in honor of the seventeenth-century French botanist [[Charles Plumier]], who traveled to the New World documenting many plant and animal species. The common name "Frangipani" comes from an [[Italy|Italian]] [[Frangipani family|noble family]], a sixteenth-century [[marquess]] of which invented a plumeria-scented [[perfume]].  
 
  
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In Mexico, the [[Nahuatl]] (Aztec language) name for this plant is "cacalloxochitl" which means "crow flower." It was used for many medicinal purposes such as salves and ointments.
+
Pruning is easiest in winter, after leaf drop, but pruning heavily will reduce the spring bloom. Shriveled and bent stems are infested with the plumeria stem borer, cut these back to their joint with a main branch (or lower if there you can see internal discoloration), then destroy these infested branches. Many old trees respond well to a pruning practice known as pollarding. Pollarding is a system in which a framework of branches is created with yearly pruning back on each branch to a point called the pollard head. The pollard head develops many growing points due to the annual pruning, and produces a fresh batch of shoots each year. In plumeria, if you pollard while the plant is dormant, the new shoots might develop flowers late in the year. Summer growing season pollarding produces a set of short branches that will go dormant in the fall rather than produce a flower head, then grow out as longer branches the following growing season, then many of these will flower in late summer.
  
−
Depending on location, many other common names exist: "Kembang Kamboja" in [[Indonesia]], "Temple Tree" or "Champa" in [[India]], "Kalachuchi" in the [[Philippines]], "Araliya" or "Pansal Mal" in [[Sri Lanka]], "Champa" in [[Laos]], "Lantom" or "Lilarwadee" in [[Thai]] and "Dead man's fingers". Many English speakers also simply use the generic name "plumeria".
+
Plumerias grown for commercial flower production are planted 10 ft apart in rows 12–15 ft apart, and pruned to produce a low canopy, encourage branching, which makes flower harvesting easier. Branched cuttings are selected for propagating, and the branch axil is set low to the ground to result in a shorter-statured plant. Once established in the ground, a plumeria can reach 10–12 feet in 6 years, given adequate fertilizer and moisture.
  
−
== In culture ==
+
===Propagation===
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They are now common [[Naturalisation (biology)|naturalised]] plants in southern and southeastern [[Asia]], and in local folk beliefs provide shelter to ghosts and demons. The scent of the ''Plumeria'' has been associated with a vampire in Malay folklore, the [[Pontianak (folklore)|pontianak]]. They are associated with temples in both [[Hindu]] and [[Buddhist]] cultures, though Hindus do not use the flowers in their temple offerings.
+
''Plumeria'' species are easily [[Plant propagation|propagated]] by taking a cutting of the end of a branch (about 20-30cm long) and allowing it to dry at the base before inserting into well draining soil. They are also propagated via tissue culture both from cuttings of freshly elongated stems and via aseptically germinated [[seed]]. It is important to avoid contact with the poisonous sap, which can cause serious skin burns in some people.
  
−
In several Pacific islands, such as [[Tahiti]], Hawaii and [[Tonga]], Plumeria is used for making [[Lei (Hawaii)|leis]].  In modern Polynesian culture, it can be worn by women to indicate their relationship status - over the right ear if seeking a relationship, and over the left if taken.
+
Cuttings may be taken at any time of the year, however, rooting appears to be most successful in spring and early summer. Plumeria cuttings may be stored in a warm and dry location for many months, but the best results are when the cuttings are allowed to root and grow within a few weeks of their separation from the donor plant.
  
−
''P. alba'' is the national flower of [[Nicaragua]] and [[Laos]], where it is known under the local name "Sacuanjoche" (Nicaragua) and "Champa" (Laos).
+
When taking cuttings, choose healthy, robust limb tips. The tips with two or more growing points may make more compact plants for container growth, but branches with only one tip will also do fine. Plumeria cuttings are likely to be best if made 30-40 cm in length and include a bit of gray barked wood. Shorter cuttings often have more difficulty in striking root and will generally take longer to reach blooming size. Larger cuttings will root very well but are occasionally difficult to stabilize during the rooting process. Cuttings can be taken from any ''Plumeria'' plant having limb(s) meeting the above length criteria. Cuts should be made at an oblique angle to the limb being cut. This gives the cutting more root callus formation area and avoids water collection on cut surface of the donor plant. Use a very sharp knife, pruners, or a saw to make the cuts.
  
−
In the book "[[A Varanda do Frangipani]]" by [[Mozambique|Mozambican]] author, [[Mia Couto]], the shedding of the tree's flowers serves to mark the passage of time, and the conclusion sees the protagonists submerging into the tree's roots as the ultimate solution to fix their shattered world.
+
Once the cutting is removed from the donor plant, remove all but the tiniest leaves to reduce moisture loss. Set the cutting aside in a warm and dry location to allow the cut surface to dry and seal itself for at least three days (one week is better). Before planting, dip the cut end in root hormone with fungicide. Plant it shallow in sand or perlite (potting soil, etc.) excellent drainage is necessary. Stake the cutting for support or allow it to rest against side of container. Water very sparingly but keep the soil moist. Place the newly planted cutting in strong or full sunlight. Bottom heat helps promote root formation and growth and can be achieved by placing the container on sun-baked concrete. Watch for new leaf growth as the sign that roots have formed (usually 6-8 weeks). New plants may bloom the first year.
  
−
In [[Culture of Bangladesh|Bangladeshi culture]] most white flowers, and particularly plumeria ([[Bengali language|Bengali]]: চম্পা ''chômpa'' or চাঁপা ''chãpa''), are associated with funerals and death.
+
Alternative method[http://www.theplumeriasociety.org/spps/ahpg.cfm?spgid=43]:
 +
{{cquote|Last summer, some fellow members told me that they make cuttings in November, lay the cuttings out on newspaper in a protected area until the leaves fall off. When the leaves have fallen off, they dip the cut end into water then RooTone and pot them up into 1 gallon containers. The potted cuttings are watered in well then stored for the winter. No more water is given until spring. When spring arrives, the cuttings have rooted and are well on their way much sooner than cuttings taken even in very early spring.}}
  
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== In Fiction ==
+
===Pests and diseases===
 +
Mealybugs are a problem.
  
−
* [[Tagore]] story 'The Champa Flower' from the collection [[Crescent Moon]] [http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/tagore/cresmoon/cm17.htm]
+
==Species==
 +
7-8 species including:
 +
* ''[[Plumeria alba]]'' - White Frangipani - Sunset zones 23, 24. Shrub to 4 m. Leaves are narrow, lance shaped and corrugated/puckered, to 30 cm long.  Flowers 4-6 cm wide, yellow with white center.
 +
* ''[[Plumeria inodora]]''
 +
* ''[[Plumeria obovata]]''
 +
* ''[[Plumeria obtusa]]'' - Sunset zones 24, 25. Shrub to 8 m. Retains dark green, glossy leaves and 5-7 cm flowers in winter.  From Columbia, but common name is "Singapore".
 +
* ''[[Plumeria pudica]]'' - Shrub to 4 m. Leaves have an elongated oak shape and glossy, dark green color. Everblooming type with non-deciduous, evergreen leaves.
 +
* ''[[Plumeria rubra]]'' - Known as Plumeria or Frangipani; syn. ''Plumeria acuminata'' and ''Plumeria acutifolia''.  Sunset zones 12, 13, 19, 21-25, 27. Shrub to 7 m. The thick leaves are 20-40 cm long. Red flowers appear in clusters, and are 6-10 cm wide. White, pink, yellow blossoms exist.
 +
* ''[[Plumeria stenopetala]]''
 +
* ''[[Plumeria stenophylla]]''
  
−
* Under the Frangipani by Mia Couto
+
==References==
 +
*American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432
 +
*Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608
 +
*[http://www.theplumeriasociety.org/spps/ahpg.cfm?spgid=43 Plumeria Society]
 +
*http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plumeria
  
−
==Plumeria obtusa Gallery==
+
==Gallery==
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
−
Image:Fruit_&_flower_I_IMG_4181.jpg|Fruit & flower in [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]].
+
Image:Plumeria alba flowers.jpg|''Plumeria alba'' (White Frangipani)
−
Image:Flower_I_IMG_8330.jpg|Flower in [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]].
+
Image:Fruit_&_flower_I_IMG_4181.jpg|Fruit & flower
−
Image:Bark_I_IMG_4179.jpg|Bark in [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]].
+
Image:Flower_I_IMG_8330.jpg|Flower
−
Image:Leaves_I_IMG_8331.jpg|Leaves in [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]].
+
Image:Bark_I_IMG_4179.jpg|Bark
 +
Image:Leaves_I_IMG_8331.jpg|Leaves
 +
Image:White Plumeria-5963.jpg
 +
Image:Pink Frangipani-8583.jpg
 +
Image:MG 2095-549.jpg
 +
Image:Fallen plumeria-2521.jpg
 +
Image:Golden Pagoda Rare Plumeria Flowers-3877.jpg
 +
Image:A Very Lucky Flower Photo Day-8536.jpg
 +
Image:Pink frangipani flowers with rain drops-3097.jpg
 +
Image:Plumerias-2162.jpg
 +
Image:Plumeria rubra cultivars -Frangipani--7931.jpg
 +
Image:Frangipani(cropped)-984.jpg
 +
Image:Frangipani Bunch-830.jpg
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
 +
 +
==See also==
  
 
==External links==
 
==External links==
−
* [http://lakecounty.typepad.com/life_in_lake_county/2006/11/frangipani_plum.html Frangipani, Plumeria, Lonely Hearts Posts and New Books to Read!] - Informative but non-scholarly essay on Plumeria.
+
* [http://www.theplumeriasociety.org The Plumeria Society]
−
* {{pt icon}} [http://florabrasiliensis.cria.org.br/search?taxon_id=764 Flora Brasiliensis: ''Plumeria'']
+
 
−
* {{fr icon}} [http://www.amphonesinh.info/champa/ Dok Champa Muang Lao: Plumeria Flowers, fleurs des frangipaniers, fleurs du Laos. Présentation de toutes les méthodes de multiplications : par bouture, semis, greffe ou encore marcottage.]
+
__NOTOC__
−
* {{nl icon}} [http://www.plumeria.nl plumeria's in nederland kweken ]
 
−
* Bali Plumeria [http://www.balifrangipani.com]
 

Latest revision as of 04:54, 6 November 2009


Plumeria 'Fruit Salad'


Plant Characteristics
Habit   tree

Height: ⇕ 4 m"m" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 4. to 8 m"m" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 8.
Lifespan: ⌛ perennial
Origin: ✈ tropical and subtropical Americas
Poisonous: ☠ sap
Cultivation
Exposure: ☼ sun
Water: ◍ moderate
Features: ✓ flowers, fragrance
Sunset Zones: vary by species
Scientific Names

Apocynaceae >

Plumeria >


Plumeria is a genus which is known by the common name Frangipani in some places. During warm periods, the plants will give strongly perfumed flowers, used in Hawaii to make leis.


Read about Plumeria in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Plumeria (Charles Plumier, 1646-1706, distinguished French botanist). Also spelled Plumiera and Plumieria. ApocynaceaeTropical trees grown for their showy and very fragrant flowers.

Leaves alternate, penninerved, the primary veins joined to a nerve running parallel with the margin: fls. in terminal 2-3-chotomous cymes: bracts usually large and covering the young buds but deciduous long before anthesis; corolla-tube cylindrical throughout; stamens included, near the base of the tube; disk wanting or fleshy and covering the tube of the calyx; ovules in many series: follicles 2.—About 50 species, all Troc. American, of which 2 kinds at present are offered in s. Calif, and 2 in S. Fla. The species are much confused and imperfectly understood.

Plumerias are amongst the most fragrant of tropical flowers, vying in this respect with the jessamine. Cape jasmine, and tuberose. They have large waxy funnel- shaped flowers with 5 spreading lobes of white, yellow, rose-purple, or combinations of the three colors. Choice specimens have been known to bear clusters 9 inches across, composed of more than twenty flowers each 3 1/2 inches across. They are considerably cultivated in all tropical lands. In the Pacific islands, P. acutifolia is frequent in graveyards. The word frangipani is supposed to be from the French, franchipanier, coagulated milk, referring to the tenacious white juice which exudes plentifully from the wounded plant. Other accounts suppose it to have come from an Italian noble- man of that name who in the Middle Ages compounded a perfume of many ingrediente and which the odor of these flowers resembled. All species are likely to be called frangipani. Plumerias are essentially summer-growing plants. Keep rather dry in winter. Propagation is by cuttings in February or March.

The following species have been intro. and more or less cult, abroad: P. bicolort Ruiz & Pav. Tree, up to 40 ft. high: lvs. oblong, acuminate, margins revolute: fls. white, yellow at throat. Peru.—P. Jamemnii, Hook. Four feet high: lvs. mostly at tips of branches: as. yellow, deeply tinged with red. Ecuador.—P. Lambertiana., Lindl. Ten feet high: lvs. oblong, acuminate, flat: fls. white, yellow-throated, with broad- rhomboid obtuse segms. May to Aug. Mex. B.R. 1378.—P. lutea, Ruiz & Pav. Ten to 20 feet high: lvs. crowded at ends of branches, 8-18 in. long, oblong-ovate: fls. white, flushed very pale pink with a broad pale golden yellow center. Peru. —P. tricolor, Ruiz A Pav. (P. Kerii, Don). Fifteen feet high: lvs. obovate-oblong, tapering at both ends: fls. with a yellow throat, white above the yellow and bright rose around the segm. margin. July-Oct. Peru.—P. tuberculata, Lodd. Six feet high: branches tuberculate: lvs. coriaceous, narrow- oblong, tapering into the petioles: fis. white, scentless. Aug. Santo Domingo CH


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

Fertilize plumeria with 10-30-10 every three to four months (in frost-free areas) at about 1 lb per inch of trunk diameter, distributing the fertilizer around the the plant to 2 feet beyond the foliage line. Feeding late in year will cause soft growth, which is vulnerable to the lightest frosts, so in frost-prone areas, only fertilize during early to mid-growing season.

Pruning is easiest in winter, after leaf drop, but pruning heavily will reduce the spring bloom. Shriveled and bent stems are infested with the plumeria stem borer, cut these back to their joint with a main branch (or lower if there you can see internal discoloration), then destroy these infested branches. Many old trees respond well to a pruning practice known as pollarding. Pollarding is a system in which a framework of branches is created with yearly pruning back on each branch to a point called the pollard head. The pollard head develops many growing points due to the annual pruning, and produces a fresh batch of shoots each year. In plumeria, if you pollard while the plant is dormant, the new shoots might develop flowers late in the year. Summer growing season pollarding produces a set of short branches that will go dormant in the fall rather than produce a flower head, then grow out as longer branches the following growing season, then many of these will flower in late summer.

Plumerias grown for commercial flower production are planted 10 ft apart in rows 12–15 ft apart, and pruned to produce a low canopy, encourage branching, which makes flower harvesting easier. Branched cuttings are selected for propagating, and the branch axil is set low to the ground to result in a shorter-statured plant. Once established in the ground, a plumeria can reach 10–12 feet in 6 years, given adequate fertilizer and moisture.

Propagation

Plumeria species are easily propagated by taking a cutting of the end of a branch (about 20-30cm long) and allowing it to dry at the base before inserting into well draining soil. They are also propagated via tissue culture both from cuttings of freshly elongated stems and via aseptically germinated seed. It is important to avoid contact with the poisonous sap, which can cause serious skin burns in some people.

Cuttings may be taken at any time of the year, however, rooting appears to be most successful in spring and early summer. Plumeria cuttings may be stored in a warm and dry location for many months, but the best results are when the cuttings are allowed to root and grow within a few weeks of their separation from the donor plant.

When taking cuttings, choose healthy, robust limb tips. The tips with two or more growing points may make more compact plants for container growth, but branches with only one tip will also do fine. Plumeria cuttings are likely to be best if made 30-40 cm in length and include a bit of gray barked wood. Shorter cuttings often have more difficulty in striking root and will generally take longer to reach blooming size. Larger cuttings will root very well but are occasionally difficult to stabilize during the rooting process. Cuttings can be taken from any Plumeria plant having limb(s) meeting the above length criteria. Cuts should be made at an oblique angle to the limb being cut. This gives the cutting more root callus formation area and avoids water collection on cut surface of the donor plant. Use a very sharp knife, pruners, or a saw to make the cuts.

Once the cutting is removed from the donor plant, remove all but the tiniest leaves to reduce moisture loss. Set the cutting aside in a warm and dry location to allow the cut surface to dry and seal itself for at least three days (one week is better). Before planting, dip the cut end in root hormone with fungicide. Plant it shallow in sand or perlite (potting soil, etc.) excellent drainage is necessary. Stake the cutting for support or allow it to rest against side of container. Water very sparingly but keep the soil moist. Place the newly planted cutting in strong or full sunlight. Bottom heat helps promote root formation and growth and can be achieved by placing the container on sun-baked concrete. Watch for new leaf growth as the sign that roots have formed (usually 6-8 weeks). New plants may bloom the first year.

Alternative method[1]:

“ Last summer, some fellow members told me that they make cuttings in November, lay the cuttings out on newspaper in a protected area until the leaves fall off. When the leaves have fallen off, they dip the cut end into water then RooTone and pot them up into 1 gallon containers. The potted cuttings are watered in well then stored for the winter. No more water is given until spring. When spring arrives, the cuttings have rooted and are well on their way much sooner than cuttings taken even in very early spring. ”

Pests and diseases

Mealybugs are a problem.

Species

7-8 species including:

  • Plumeria alba - White Frangipani - Sunset zones 23, 24. Shrub to 4 m. Leaves are narrow, lance shaped and corrugated/puckered, to 30 cm long. Flowers 4-6 cm wide, yellow with white center.
  • Plumeria inodora
  • Plumeria obovata
  • Plumeria obtusa - Sunset zones 24, 25. Shrub to 8 m. Retains dark green, glossy leaves and 5-7 cm flowers in winter. From Columbia, but common name is "Singapore".
  • Plumeria pudica - Shrub to 4 m. Leaves have an elongated oak shape and glossy, dark green color. Everblooming type with non-deciduous, evergreen leaves.
  • Plumeria rubra - Known as Plumeria or Frangipani; syn. Plumeria acuminata and Plumeria acutifolia. Sunset zones 12, 13, 19, 21-25, 27. Shrub to 7 m. The thick leaves are 20-40 cm long. Red flowers appear in clusters, and are 6-10 cm wide. White, pink, yellow blossoms exist.
  • Plumeria stenopetala
  • Plumeria stenophylla

References

Gallery

  • Plumeria alba (White Frangipani)

  • Fruit & flower

  • Flower

  • Bark

  • Leaves

  • White Plumeria-5963.jpg
  • Pink Frangipani-8583.jpg
  • MG 2095-549.jpg
  • Fallen plumeria-2521.jpg
  • Golden Pagoda Rare Plumeria Flowers-3877.jpg
  • A Very Lucky Flower Photo Day-8536.jpg
  • Pink frangipani flowers with rain drops-3097.jpg
  • Plumerias-2162.jpg
  • Plumeria rubra cultivars -Frangipani--7931.jpg
  • Frangipani(cropped)-984.jpg
  • Frangipani Bunch-830.jpg

See also

External links


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