Difference between revisions of "List of herbs and spices"
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| − | + | This is a list of [[culinary]] [[herb]]s and [[spice]]s. Specifically these are food or drink additives of mostly [[botanical]] origin used in nutritionally insignificant quantities for flavoring or coloring. As such, this list does not contain [[salt]], which is a [[mineral]], herbs or spices that are purely [[medicinal]] such as [[valerian]], [[fictional]] plants such as [[aglaophotis]], or [[recreational drugs]] such as [[cannabis (drug)|marijuana]]. For medicinal herbs see [[list of medicinal herbs]]. | |
| − | [[ | + | |
| + | See the list of [[#Spice_mixtures|spice mixtures]] below for common spice blends. | ||
| + | |||
| + | __NOTOC__ | ||
==A== | ==A== | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> | |
| − | + | * [[Ajwain]] (''Trachyspermum ammi'') | |
| − | * [[Ajwain]] | + | * [[Alkanet]] (''Anchusa arvensis''), mostly used as a natural coloring |
| − | + | * [[Allspice]] (''Pimenta dioica'') | |
| − | + | * [[Almond]] | |
| − | * [[Alkanet]] | + | * [[Alpinia galanga]] |
| − | * [[Allspice]] | + | * [[Mango|Amchur]] - mango powder (''Mangifera'') |
| − | * [[ | ||
| − | * [[ | ||
| − | * [[Amchur]] | ||
| − | |||
* [[Angelica]] (''Angelica archangelica'') | * [[Angelica]] (''Angelica archangelica'') | ||
| − | * [[Anise]] | + | * [[Anise]] (''Pimpinella anisum'') |
* [[Aniseed myrtle]] (''Syzygium anisatum'') | * [[Aniseed myrtle]] (''Syzygium anisatum'') | ||
| − | * [[Annatto]] | + | * [[Annatto]] (''Bixa orellana L.'') |
| − | * [[Apple mint]] | + | * [[Apple mint]] (''Mentha suaveolens'') |
| − | + | * [[Artemisia vulgaris|Mugwort]] (''Artemisia vulgaris'') | |
| − | * [[Artemisia vulgaris]] | + | * [[Asafoetida]] (''Ferula assafoetida'') |
| − | + | </div> | |
| − | * [[Asafoetida]] | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
==B== | ==B== | ||
| − | + | <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> | |
| − | + | * [[Berberis]] | |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | * [[ | ||
* [[Banana]] | * [[Banana]] | ||
* [[Basil (herb)|Basil]] (''Ocimum basilicum'') | * [[Basil (herb)|Basil]] (''Ocimum basilicum'') | ||
| − | |||
* [[Bay leaf|Bay leaves]] | * [[Bay leaf|Bay leaves]] | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
* [[Black cardamom]] | * [[Black cardamom]] | ||
| − | |||
* [[Black cumin]] | * [[Black cumin]] | ||
| − | * [[ | + | * [[Blackcurrant]] |
| − | * [[ | + | * [[Black lime]], lime fruit boiled in salt and dried |
| − | * [[ | + | * [[Bladder wrack]] (''Fucus vesiculosus'') |
| − | * Blue-leaved | + | * Blue-leaved mallee (''[[Eucalyptus polybractea]]'') |
| − | * [[Bog Labrador | + | * [[Bog Labrador tea]] (''Rhododendron groenlandicum'') |
| − | * [[Boldo]] | + | * [[Boldo]] (''Peumus boldus'') |
* [[Bolivian Coriander]] (''Porophyllum ruderale'') | * [[Bolivian Coriander]] (''Porophyllum ruderale'') | ||
| − | |||
* [[Borage]] (''Borago officinalis'') | * [[Borage]] (''Borago officinalis'') | ||
| − | + | </div> | |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
==C== | ==C== | ||
| − | + | <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> | |
* [[Calendula]] | * [[Calendula]] | ||
| − | * [[Calumba]] | + | * [[Calumba]] (''Jateorhiza calumba'') |
| − | * [[ | + | * [[Ylang-ylang|Cananga]] Also known as 'Kenanga' in Malaysia. |
| + | * [[Chamomile]] | ||
* [[Candle nut]] | * [[Candle nut]] | ||
| − | |||
* [[Caper]] (''Capparis spinosa'') | * [[Caper]] (''Capparis spinosa'') | ||
* [[Caraway]] | * [[Caraway]] | ||
| Line 84: | Line 58: | ||
* [[Catsear]] | * [[Catsear]] | ||
* [[Cayenne pepper]] | * [[Cayenne pepper]] | ||
| − | * [[Celastrus | + | * ''[[Celastrus paniculatus]]'' (peng) |
* [[Celery|Celery salt]] | * [[Celery|Celery salt]] | ||
* [[Celery|Celery seed]] | * [[Celery|Celery seed]] | ||
| Line 90: | Line 64: | ||
* [[Chervil]] (''Anthriscus cerefolium'') | * [[Chervil]] (''Anthriscus cerefolium'') | ||
* [[Chickweed]] | * [[Chickweed]] | ||
| − | * [[Chicory]] | + | * [[Chicory]] (''Cichorium |
| − | * [[ | + | * [[Chilli pepper]] |
| − | * [[ | + | * [[Chipotle]] |
| − | |||
* [[Chives]] (''Allium schoenoprasum'') | * [[Chives]] (''Allium schoenoprasum'') | ||
* [[Cicely]] (''Myrrhis odorata'') | * [[Cicely]] (''Myrrhis odorata'') | ||
* [[Cilantro]] (see [[Coriander]]) (''Coriandrum sativum'') | * [[Cilantro]] (see [[Coriander]]) (''Coriandrum sativum'') | ||
| + | * [[Cinchona]] (''Cinchona'') | ||
* [[Cinnamon]] (and [[Cassia]]) | * [[Cinnamon]] (and [[Cassia]]) | ||
* [[Cinnamon Myrtle]] (''Backhousia myrtifolia'') | * [[Cinnamon Myrtle]] (''Backhousia myrtifolia'') | ||
| − | * [[Salvia sclarea | + | * Clary ([[Salvia sclarea]]) |
* [[Cleavers]] | * [[Cleavers]] | ||
* [[Clover]] | * [[Clover]] | ||
* [[Cloves]] | * [[Cloves]] | ||
* [[Coffee]] | * [[Coffee]] | ||
| − | |||
* [[Comfrey]] | * [[Comfrey]] | ||
* [[Common Rue]] | * [[Common Rue]] | ||
| Line 110: | Line 83: | ||
* [[Coptis]] | * [[Coptis]] | ||
* [[Coriander (spice)|Coriander]] | * [[Coriander (spice)|Coriander]] | ||
| − | * | + | * Costmary (''[[Tanacetum balsamita]]'') |
* [[Couchgrass]] | * [[Couchgrass]] | ||
| − | * [[Cow Parsley]] | + | * [[Cow Parsley]] (''Anthriscus sylvestris'') |
| − | * [[Cowslip]] | + | * [[Cowslip]] (''Primula veris'') |
| − | * [[Cramp Bark]] | + | * [[Cramp Bark]] (''Viburnum opulus'') |
* [[Cress]] | * [[Cress]] | ||
* [[Cuban Oregano]] (''[[Plectranthus amboinicus]]'') | * [[Cuban Oregano]] (''[[Plectranthus amboinicus]]'') | ||
| + | * [[Cubeb]] pepper (''Piper cubeba'') | ||
* [[Cudweed]] | * [[Cudweed]] | ||
| + | * [[Culantro]] (''Eryngium foetidum'') | ||
* [[Cumin]] | * [[Cumin]] | ||
| − | |||
* [[Curry tree|Curry leaf]] (''Murraya koenigii'') | * [[Curry tree|Curry leaf]] (''Murraya koenigii'') | ||
| + | </div> | ||
==D== | ==D== | ||
| + | <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> | ||
* [[Damiana]] (''Turnera aphrodisiaca'', ''T. diffusa'') | * [[Damiana]] (''Turnera aphrodisiaca'', ''T. diffusa'') | ||
* [[Dandelion]] (''Taraxacum officinale'') | * [[Dandelion]] (''Taraxacum officinale'') | ||
| Line 130: | Line 106: | ||
* [[Dill]] (''Anethum graveolens'') | * [[Dill]] (''Anethum graveolens'') | ||
* [[Dorrigo Pepper]] (''Tasmannia stipitata'') | * [[Dorrigo Pepper]] (''Tasmannia stipitata'') | ||
| + | </div> | ||
==E== | ==E== | ||
| + | <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> | ||
* [[Echinacea]] - | * [[Echinacea]] - | ||
| − | * [[Echinopanax | + | * ''[[Echinopanax elatum]]'' |
* [[Edelweiss]] | * [[Edelweiss]] | ||
* [[Elderberry]] | * [[Elderberry]] | ||
* [[Elderflower]] | * [[Elderflower]] | ||
* [[Elecampane]] | * [[Elecampane]] | ||
| − | * [[Eleutherococcus senticosus]] | + | * ''[[Eleutherococcus senticosus]]'' |
* [[Emmenagogue]] | * [[Emmenagogue]] | ||
* [[Epazote]] (''Chenopodium ambrosioides'') | * [[Epazote]] (''Chenopodium ambrosioides'') | ||
* [[Ephedra]] - | * [[Ephedra]] - | ||
| − | * [[Eryngium foetidum]] | + | * ''[[Eryngium foetidum]]'' |
* [[Eucalyptus]] | * [[Eucalyptus]] | ||
* [[Eyebright]] | * [[Eyebright]] | ||
| + | </div> | ||
==F== | ==F== | ||
| + | <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> | ||
* [[Fennel]] (''Foeniculum vulgare'') | * [[Fennel]] (''Foeniculum vulgare'') | ||
* [[Fenugreek]] | * [[Fenugreek]] | ||
| Line 152: | Line 132: | ||
* [[Figwort]] | * [[Figwort]] | ||
* [[Filé powder]] | * [[Filé powder]] | ||
| − | * [[ | + | * [[Fingerroot]] (''Boesenbergia rotunda'') |
* [[Fo-ti-tieng]] | * [[Fo-ti-tieng]] | ||
| + | * [[French sorrel]] (''Rumex scutatus'') | ||
* [[Fumitory]] | * [[Fumitory]] | ||
| + | </div> | ||
==G== | ==G== | ||
| + | <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> | ||
* [[Galangal]] | * [[Galangal]] | ||
| − | * [[ | + | * [[Galingale]] |
* [[Garden cress]] | * [[Garden cress]] | ||
* [[Garlic chives]] | * [[Garlic chives]] | ||
* [[Garlic]] | * [[Garlic]] | ||
| − | * [[Ginger]] | + | * [[Ginger]] (''Zingiber officinale'') |
* [[Ginkgo biloba]] | * [[Ginkgo biloba]] | ||
* [[Ginseng]] | * [[Ginseng]] | ||
* [[Siberian ginseng|Ginseng, Siberian]] (''[[Eleutherococcus senticosus]]'') | * [[Siberian ginseng|Ginseng, Siberian]] (''[[Eleutherococcus senticosus]]'') | ||
| − | * [[Goat's | + | * [[Goat's rue]] (''Galega officinalis'') |
* [[Goada masala]] | * [[Goada masala]] | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
* [[Gotu Kola]] | * [[Gotu Kola]] | ||
| − | * [[Grains of paradise]] | + | * [[Grains of paradise]] (''Aframomum melegueta'') |
| + | * [[Grains of Selim]] (''Xylopia aethiopica'') | ||
* [[Grape seed extract]] | * [[Grape seed extract]] | ||
* [[Green tea]] | * [[Green tea]] | ||
| − | * [[Ground | + | * [[Ground ivy]] (''Glechoma hederacea'') |
* [[Guaco]] | * [[Guaco]] | ||
| − | * [[Gypsywort]] | + | * [[Gypsywort]] (''Lycopus europaeus'') |
| + | </div> | ||
==H== | ==H== | ||
| − | * | + | <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> |
| − | + | * Hawthorn (''[[Crataegus]]'') | |
| − | |||
* [[Herbes de Provence]] | * [[Herbes de Provence]] | ||
* [[Hibiscus]] | * [[Hibiscus]] | ||
| − | * [[Holly]] | + | * [[Holly]] (''Ilex'') |
* [[Holy Thistle]] | * [[Holy Thistle]] | ||
| − | * [[Hops]] | + | * [[Hops]], the female flower cones of hop (''[[Humulus lupulus]]'') |
| + | * [[Horehound]] | ||
* [[Horseradish]] | * [[Horseradish]] | ||
* [[Horsetail]] (''Equisetum telmateia'') | * [[Horsetail]] (''Equisetum telmateia'') | ||
* [[Hyssop]] (''Hyssopus officinalis'') | * [[Hyssop]] (''Hyssopus officinalis'') | ||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==I== | ||
| + | <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> | ||
| + | * [[Tamarind|Imli]] (Tamarind) | ||
| + | </div> | ||
==J== | ==J== | ||
| + | <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> | ||
* [[Jalap]] | * [[Jalap]] | ||
| − | |||
* [[Jasmine]] | * [[Jasmine]] | ||
* [[Jiaogulan]] (''Gynostemma pentaphyllum'') | * [[Jiaogulan]] (''Gynostemma pentaphyllum'') | ||
| + | * [[Joe Pye weed]] (Gravelroot) | ||
* [[John the Conqueror]] | * [[John the Conqueror]] | ||
* [[Juniper]] | * [[Juniper]] | ||
| + | </div> | ||
==K== | ==K== | ||
| − | * [[Kaffir lime|Kaffir Lime Leaves]] (''Citrus hystrix, C. papedia'') | + | <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> |
| + | * [[Kaffir lime|Kaffir Lime Leaves]] (''Citrus hystrix'', ''C. papedia'') | ||
* [[Kaala masala]] | * [[Kaala masala]] | ||
| − | * [[Knotweed]] | + | * [[Knotweed]] (''Polygonum'') |
* [[Garcinia indica|Kokam]] | * [[Garcinia indica|Kokam]] | ||
| + | </div> | ||
==L== | ==L== | ||
| + | <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> | ||
* [[Labrador tea]] | * [[Labrador tea]] | ||
| − | * [[Lady's Bedstraw]] | + | * [[Lady's Bedstraw]] (''Galium verum'') |
| − | * [[Lady's Mantle]] | + | * [[Lady's Mantle]] (''Alchemilla'') |
* [[Land cress]] | * [[Land cress]] | ||
* [[Lavender]] (''Lavandula spp.'') | * [[Lavender]] (''Lavandula spp.'') | ||
* [[Ledum]] | * [[Ledum]] | ||
| − | * [[Lemon Balm | + | * [[Lemon Balm]] (''Melissa officinalis'') |
* [[Lemon basil]] | * [[Lemon basil]] | ||
| − | * [[Cymbopogon| Lemongrass]] (''Cymbopogon citratus, C. flexuosus'', and other species) | + | * [[Cymbopogon|Lemongrass]] (''Cymbopogon citratus'', ''C. flexuosus'', and other species) |
* Lemon Ironbark (''[[Eucalyptus staigeriana]]'') | * Lemon Ironbark (''[[Eucalyptus staigeriana]]'') | ||
* [[Lemon mint]] | * [[Lemon mint]] | ||
| Line 222: | Line 216: | ||
* [[Licorice]] - adaptogen | * [[Licorice]] - adaptogen | ||
* [[Lime Flower]] | * [[Lime Flower]] | ||
| − | * [[Limnophila aromatica]] | + | * ''[[Limnophila aromatica]]'' |
* [[Lingzhi]] | * [[Lingzhi]] | ||
* [[Linseed]] | * [[Linseed]] | ||
| Line 229: | Line 223: | ||
* [[Lovage]] (''Levisticum officinale'') | * [[Lovage]] (''Levisticum officinale'') | ||
* [[Siraitia grosvenorii|Luohanguo]] | * [[Siraitia grosvenorii|Luohanguo]] | ||
| + | </div> | ||
==M== | ==M== | ||
| + | <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> | ||
* [[Mace (spice)|Mace]] | * [[Mace (spice)|Mace]] | ||
* [[Mahlab]] | * [[Mahlab]] | ||
* [[Malabathrum]] | * [[Malabathrum]] | ||
* [[Manchurian Thorn Tree]] (''Aralia manchurica'')]] | * [[Manchurian Thorn Tree]] (''Aralia manchurica'')]] | ||
| − | |||
* [[Marjoram]] (''Origanum majorana'') | * [[Marjoram]] (''Origanum majorana'') | ||
| − | * [[Marrubium vulgare]] | + | * ''[[Marrubium vulgare]]'' (white horehound) |
* [[Marsh Labrador Tea]] | * [[Marsh Labrador Tea]] | ||
| − | * [[Marshmallow]] | + | * [[Althaea (genus)|Marshmallow]] |
* [[Mastic]] | * [[Mastic]] | ||
| − | * [[Meadowsweet]] | + | * [[Meadowsweet]] (''Filipendula vulgaris'') |
* [[Mei Yen]] | * [[Mei Yen]] | ||
| + | * [[Melegueta pepper]] ( ''Aframomum melegueta'') | ||
| + | * [[Mexican pepperleaf]] (''Piper auritum'') | ||
* [[Mentha|Mint]] (''Mentha spp.'') | * [[Mentha|Mint]] (''Mentha spp.'') | ||
* [[Milk thistle]] (''Silybum'') | * [[Milk thistle]] (''Silybum'') | ||
| Line 248: | Line 245: | ||
* [[Motherwort]] | * [[Motherwort]] | ||
* [[Mountain Skullcap]] | * [[Mountain Skullcap]] | ||
| − | * [[ | + | * [[Mullein]] (''Verbascum thapsus'') |
* [[Mustard plant|Mustard]] | * [[Mustard plant|Mustard]] | ||
* [[Mustard seed]] | * [[Mustard seed]] | ||
| + | </div> | ||
==N== | ==N== | ||
| − | * [[Nashia inaguensis]] | + | <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> |
| + | * ''[[Nashia inaguensis]]'' | ||
* [[Neem]] | * [[Neem]] | ||
| − | * [[Nepeta]] | + | * ''[[Nepeta]]'' (catmint) |
| − | * [[Nettle]] | + | * [[Nettle]] (''Urtica'') |
| − | * [[Nigella sativa]] | + | * ''[[Nigella sativa]]'' (Kalonji, Black caraway) |
| − | |||
* [[Noni]] | * [[Noni]] | ||
* [[Nutmeg]] (and Mace) | * [[Nutmeg]] (and Mace) | ||
| + | </div> | ||
==O== | ==O== | ||
| − | * [[ | + | <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> |
| + | * [[Oenothera]] (''Oenothera biennis'' et al) | ||
| + | * [[Oilseed]] | ||
* Olida (''[[Eucalyptus olida]]'') | * Olida (''[[Eucalyptus olida]]'') | ||
* [[Oregano]] (''Origanum vulgare, O. heracleoticum'', and other species) | * [[Oregano]] (''Origanum vulgare, O. heracleoticum'', and other species) | ||
* [[Orris root]] | * [[Orris root]] | ||
| − | * [[Osmorhiza]] | + | * ''[[Osmorhiza]]'' |
| − | |||
* Olive Leaf (used in tea and as herbal supplement) | * Olive Leaf (used in tea and as herbal supplement) | ||
| + | </div> | ||
==P== | ==P== | ||
| − | + | <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> | |
* [[Pandan leaf]] | * [[Pandan leaf]] | ||
* [[Paprika]] | * [[Paprika]] | ||
| + | * [[Paracress]] | ||
* [[Parsley]] (''Petroselinum crispum'') | * [[Parsley]] (''Petroselinum crispum'') | ||
| − | * [[Passion Flower]] | + | * [[Passion Flower]] (''Passiflora'') |
* [[Patchouli]] | * [[Patchouli]] | ||
| − | * [[Pennyroyal]] | + | * [[Pennyroyal]] (''Mentha pulegoides'') |
* [[Black pepper|Pepper]] (black, white, and green) | * [[Black pepper|Pepper]] (black, white, and green) | ||
| − | * [[Peppermint]] | + | * Peng (''[[Celastrus paniculatus]]'') |
| + | * [[Peppermint]] (''Mentha piperata'') | ||
* Peppermint Gum (''[[Eucalyptus dives]]'') | * Peppermint Gum (''[[Eucalyptus dives]]'') | ||
* [[Perilla]] | * [[Perilla]] | ||
| Line 287: | Line 290: | ||
* [[Panch Phoran|Ponch phoran]] | * [[Panch Phoran|Ponch phoran]] | ||
* [[Poppy]] seed | * [[Poppy]] seed | ||
| − | * [[Primula|Primrose]] (''Primula'') | + | * [[Primula|Primrose]] (''Primula vulgaris'') |
* [[Psyllium]] | * [[Psyllium]] | ||
* [[Portulaca oleracea|Purslane]] | * [[Portulaca oleracea|Purslane]] | ||
| + | </div> | ||
==Q== | ==Q== | ||
| + | <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> | ||
* [[Quassia]] | * [[Quassia]] | ||
| − | + | </div> | |
==R== | ==R== | ||
| − | * [[Ramsons]] | + | <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> |
| + | * [[Ramsons]] (wood garlic, ''Allium ursinum'') | ||
* [[Ras el hanout|Ras el-hanout]] | * [[Ras el hanout|Ras el-hanout]] | ||
* [[Raspberry]] (leaves) | * [[Raspberry]] (leaves) | ||
* [[Reishi]] | * [[Reishi]] | ||
| − | * [[Restharrow]] | + | * [[Restharrow]] (''Ononis'') |
| − | * [[Rhodiola | + | * ''[[Rhodiola rosea]]'' |
* [[Riberry]] (''Syzygium luehmannii'') | * [[Riberry]] (''Syzygium luehmannii'') | ||
| + | * [[Eruca sativa|Rocket/Arugula]] | ||
* [[Roman chamomile]] | * [[Roman chamomile]] | ||
* [[Rooibos]] | * [[Rooibos]] | ||
* [[Rosehip]]s | * [[Rosehip]]s | ||
* [[Rosemary]] (''Rosmarinus officinalis'') | * [[Rosemary]] (''Rosmarinus officinalis'') | ||
| − | * [[Rowan]] | + | * [[Rowan]] berries (''Sorbus aucuparia'') |
| − | * [[Rue]] | + | * [[Rue]] (''Ruta'') |
| + | </div> | ||
==S== | ==S== | ||
| − | + | <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> | |
* [[Safflower]] | * [[Safflower]] | ||
* [[Saffron]] | * [[Saffron]] | ||
| − | * [[Sage]] | + | * [[Common sage|Sage]] (''Salvia officinalis'') |
* [[Saigon Cinnamon]] | * [[Saigon Cinnamon]] | ||
| − | * [[St John's Wort]] | + | * [[St John's Wort]] (''Hypericum'') |
| − | * [[Salad Burnet]] (''Sanguisorba minor | + | * [[Salad Burnet]] (''Sanguisorba minor'') |
| − | * [[Salvia]] | + | * ''[[Salvia]]'' (clary and sage) |
| − | |||
* [[Sassafras]] | * [[Sassafras]] | ||
| − | * [[Savory (herb)|Savory]] (''Satureja hortensis, S. montana'') | + | * [[Savory (herb)|Savory]] (Summer savory, ''Satureja hortensis'', and winter savory, ''S. montana'') |
| − | * [[Schisandra]] | + | * ''[[Schisandra]] chinensis'' |
| − | * [[Scutellaria costaricana]] | + | * ''[[Scutellaria costaricana]]'' (skullcap) |
* [[Senna (herb)]] | * [[Senna (herb)]] | ||
| − | * [[Senna obtusifolia]] | + | * ''[[Senna obtusifolia]]'' |
* [[Sesame seed]] | * [[Sesame seed]] | ||
| − | * [[ | + | * Sheep's sorrel (''[[Rumex acetosella]]'') |
* [[Shepherd's Purse]] | * [[Shepherd's Purse]] | ||
* [[Sialagogue]] | * [[Sialagogue]] | ||
* [[Siberian Chaga]] | * [[Siberian Chaga]] | ||
* [[Siberian ginseng]] (''[[Eleutherococcus senticosus]]'') | * [[Siberian ginseng]] (''[[Eleutherococcus senticosus]]'') | ||
| − | * [[Siraitia grosvenorii | + | * [[Sichuan pepper]] (''Xanthoxylum piperitum'') |
| − | * [[Skullcap]] | + | * ''[[Siraitia grosvenorii]]'' (luohanguo)]] |
| − | * [[Sloe]] | + | * [[Skullcap]] (''Scutellaria'') |
| + | * [[Sloe]] berries (''Prunus spinosus'') | ||
* [[Smudge Stick]] | * [[Smudge Stick]] | ||
| − | * [[Sonchus]] | + | * ''[[Sonchus]]'' (sow-thistle) |
| − | * [[ | + | * Sorrel (''[[Rumex]] acetosa'', ''R. acetosella'', ''R. scutatus'') |
* [[Southernwood]] | * [[Southernwood]] | ||
* [[Spearmint]] | * [[Spearmint]] | ||
* [[Speedwell]] | * [[Speedwell]] | ||
| − | * [[Squill]] | + | * [[Squill]] (''Scilla'') |
* [[Star anise]] | * [[Star anise]] | ||
* [[Stevia]] | * [[Stevia]] | ||
| − | * [[Strawberry]] | + | * [[Strawberry]] leaves (''Fragaria'') |
* [[Pfaffia paniculata|Suma (Pfaffia paniculata)]] | * [[Pfaffia paniculata|Suma (Pfaffia paniculata)]] | ||
* [[Sumac]] | * [[Sumac]] | ||
| − | * [[Summer savory]] | + | * [[Summer savory]] (''Satureja hortensis'') |
* [[Sutherlandia frutescens]] | * [[Sutherlandia frutescens]] | ||
* [[Sweet grass]] | * [[Sweet grass]] | ||
* [[Cicely|Sweet cicely]] (''Myrrhis odorata'') | * [[Cicely|Sweet cicely]] (''Myrrhis odorata'') | ||
* [[Sweet woodruff]] | * [[Sweet woodruff]] | ||
| − | + | </div> | |
==T== | ==T== | ||
| + | <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> | ||
* [[Tacamahac]] | * [[Tacamahac]] | ||
* [[Tamarind]] | * [[Tamarind]] | ||
| Line 360: | Line 369: | ||
* [[Tansy]] | * [[Tansy]] | ||
* [[Tarragon]] (''Artemisia dracunculus'') | * [[Tarragon]] (''Artemisia dracunculus'') | ||
| − | * [[Tea]] | + | * [[Tea]] (''Camellia sinensis'') |
| − | * [[Teucrium polium]] | + | * ''[[Teucrium polium]]'' |
* [[Thai basil]] | * [[Thai basil]] | ||
* [[Thistle]] | * [[Thistle]] | ||
* [[Thyme]] | * [[Thyme]] | ||
* [[Toor Dall]] | * [[Toor Dall]] | ||
| − | * [[Tormentil]] | + | * [[Tormentil]] (''Potentilla erecta'') |
| − | * [[Tribulus terrestris]] | + | * ''[[Tribulus terrestris]]'' |
| − | * [[Tulsi]] (Ocimum tenuiflorum) | + | * [[Tulsi]] (''Ocimum tenuiflorum'') |
| − | * [[Turmeric]] | + | * [[Turmeric]] (''Curcuma longa'') |
| + | * [[Twinleaf onion]] | ||
| + | </div> | ||
==U== | ==U== | ||
| − | * [[Uva | + | <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> |
| + | * ''[[Uva ursi]]'' (bearberry) | ||
| + | </div> | ||
==V== | ==V== | ||
| − | + | <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> | |
* [[Vanilla]] (''Vanilla planifolia'') | * [[Vanilla]] (''Vanilla planifolia'') | ||
* [[Vasaka]] | * [[Vasaka]] | ||
* [[Vervain]] | * [[Vervain]] | ||
* [[Vetiver]] | * [[Vetiver]] | ||
| − | * [[Vietnamese Coriander]] | + | * [[Vietnamese Coriander]] (''Persicaria odorata'') |
| + | </div> | ||
==W== | ==W== | ||
| − | * [[Wasabi]] | + | <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> |
| − | * [[Watercress]] | + | * [[Wasabi]] (''Wasabia japonica'') |
| + | * [[Watercress]] (''Rorippa nasturtium-aquatica'') | ||
* [[Wattleseed]] | * [[Wattleseed]] | ||
* [[Wild ginger]] | * [[Wild ginger]] | ||
* [[Wild Lettuce]] | * [[Wild Lettuce]] | ||
* [[Wild thyme]] | * [[Wild thyme]] | ||
| − | * [[Winter savory]] | + | * [[Winter savory]] (''Satureja montana'') |
| − | + | * [[Witch Hazel]] (''Hamamelis'') | |
| − | * [[Witch Hazel]] | ||
* [[Wolfberry]] | * [[Wolfberry]] | ||
| + | * [[Wood Avens]] | ||
* [[Wood Betony]] | * [[Wood Betony]] | ||
* [[Woodruff]] | * [[Woodruff]] | ||
| − | * [[Wormwood]] | + | * [[Absinth Wormwood|Wormwood]] |
| + | </div> | ||
==Y== | ==Y== | ||
| − | * [[Yarrow]] | + | <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> |
| + | * [[Yarrow]], (''Alchemilla millefolium'') | ||
* [[Yerba Buena]] | * [[Yerba Buena]] | ||
* [[Yohimbe]] | * [[Yohimbe]] | ||
| + | * [[Yomogi]] | ||
| + | </div> | ||
==Z== | ==Z== | ||
| + | <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> | ||
| + | * [[Zedoary]] root | ||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Spice mixtures== | ||
| + | * [[Berbere]] | ||
| + | * [[Curry powder]] | ||
| + | * [[Five-spice powder]] or Chinese five-spice | ||
| + | * [[Garam masala]] | ||
| + | * [[Herbes de Provence]] | ||
| + | * [[Khmeli Suneli]] | ||
| + | * [[Quatre épices]], a blend of ground pepper, cloves, nutmeg and ginger | ||
| + | * [[Ras el hanout]], a [[Morocco|Moroccan]] spice blend that includes cinnamon and cumin among other spices | ||
| + | * [[Tandoori masala]] | ||
* [[Za'atar]] | * [[Za'atar]] | ||
| − | |||
| − | [[ | + | ==See also== |
| + | *[[Herb]] | ||
| + | *[[List of medicinal herbs]] | ||
Latest revision as of 21:03, 30 September 2008
This is a list of culinary herbs and spices. Specifically these are food or drink additives of mostly botanical origin used in nutritionally insignificant quantities for flavoring or coloring. As such, this list does not contain salt, which is a mineral, herbs or spices that are purely medicinal such as valerian, fictional plants such as aglaophotis, or recreational drugs such as marijuana. For medicinal herbs see list of medicinal herbs.
See the list of spice mixtures below for common spice blends.
A
- Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi)
- Alkanet (Anchusa arvensis), mostly used as a natural coloring
- Allspice (Pimenta dioica)
- Almond
- Alpinia galanga
- Amchur - mango powder (Mangifera)
- Angelica (Angelica archangelica)
- Anise (Pimpinella anisum)
- Aniseed myrtle (Syzygium anisatum)
- Annatto (Bixa orellana L.)
- Apple mint (Mentha suaveolens)
- Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris)
- Asafoetida (Ferula assafoetida)
B
- Berberis
- Banana
- Basil (Ocimum basilicum)
- Bay leaves
- Black cardamom
- Black cumin
- Blackcurrant
- Black lime, lime fruit boiled in salt and dried
- Bladder wrack (Fucus vesiculosus)
- Blue-leaved mallee (Eucalyptus polybractea)
- Bog Labrador tea (Rhododendron groenlandicum)
- Boldo (Peumus boldus)
- Bolivian Coriander (Porophyllum ruderale)
- Borage (Borago officinalis)
C
- Calendula
- Calumba (Jateorhiza calumba)
- Cananga Also known as 'Kenanga' in Malaysia.
- Chamomile
- Candle nut
- Caper (Capparis spinosa)
- Caraway
- Cardamom
- Carob Pod
- Cassia
- Casuarina
- Catnip
- Cat's Claw
- Catsear
- Cayenne pepper
- Celastrus paniculatus (peng)
- Celery salt
- Celery seed
- Centaury
- Chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium)
- Chickweed
- Chicory (Cichorium
- Chilli pepper
- Chipotle
- Chives (Allium schoenoprasum)
- Cicely (Myrrhis odorata)
- Cilantro (see Coriander) (Coriandrum sativum)
- Cinchona (Cinchona)
- Cinnamon (and Cassia)
- Cinnamon Myrtle (Backhousia myrtifolia)
- Clary (Salvia sclarea)
- Cleavers
- Clover
- Cloves
- Coffee
- Comfrey
- Common Rue
- Condurango
- Coptis
- Coriander
- Costmary (Tanacetum balsamita)
- Couchgrass
- Cow Parsley (Anthriscus sylvestris)
- Cowslip (Primula veris)
- Cramp Bark (Viburnum opulus)
- Cress
- Cuban Oregano (Plectranthus amboinicus)
- Cubeb pepper (Piper cubeba)
- Cudweed
- Culantro (Eryngium foetidum)
- Cumin
- Curry leaf (Murraya koenigii)
D
- Damiana (Turnera aphrodisiaca, T. diffusa)
- Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale)
- Demulcent
- Devil's claw (Harpagophytum procumbens)
- Dill seed
- Dill (Anethum graveolens)
- Dorrigo Pepper (Tasmannia stipitata)
E
- Echinacea -
- Echinopanax elatum
- Edelweiss
- Elderberry
- Elderflower
- Elecampane
- Eleutherococcus senticosus
- Emmenagogue
- Epazote (Chenopodium ambrosioides)
- Ephedra -
- Eryngium foetidum
- Eucalyptus
- Eyebright
F
- Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare)
- Fenugreek
- Feverfew
- Figwort
- Filé powder
- Fingerroot (Boesenbergia rotunda)
- Fo-ti-tieng
- French sorrel (Rumex scutatus)
- Fumitory
G
- Galangal
- Galingale
- Garden cress
- Garlic chives
- Garlic
- Ginger (Zingiber officinale)
- Ginkgo biloba
- Ginseng
- Ginseng, Siberian (Eleutherococcus senticosus)
- Goat's rue (Galega officinalis)
- Goada masala
- Gotu Kola
- Grains of paradise (Aframomum melegueta)
- Grains of Selim (Xylopia aethiopica)
- Grape seed extract
- Green tea
- Ground ivy (Glechoma hederacea)
- Guaco
- Gypsywort (Lycopus europaeus)
H
- Hawthorn (Crataegus)
- Herbes de Provence
- Hibiscus
- Holly (Ilex)
- Holy Thistle
- Hops, the female flower cones of hop (Humulus lupulus)
- Horehound
- Horseradish
- Horsetail (Equisetum telmateia)
- Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis)
I
- Imli (Tamarind)
J
- Jalap
- Jasmine
- Jiaogulan (Gynostemma pentaphyllum)
- Joe Pye weed (Gravelroot)
- John the Conqueror
- Juniper
K
- Kaffir Lime Leaves (Citrus hystrix, C. papedia)
- Kaala masala
- Knotweed (Polygonum)
- Kokam
L
- Labrador tea
- Lady's Bedstraw (Galium verum)
- Lady's Mantle (Alchemilla)
- Land cress
- Lavender (Lavandula spp.)
- Ledum
- Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis)
- Lemon basil
- Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus, C. flexuosus, and other species)
- Lemon Ironbark (Eucalyptus staigeriana)
- Lemon mint
- Lemon Myrtle (Backhousia citriodora)
- Lemon Thyme
- Lemon verbena (Lippia citriodora)
- Licorice - adaptogen
- Lime Flower
- Limnophila aromatica
- Lingzhi
- Linseed
- Liquorice
- Long pepper
- Lovage (Levisticum officinale)
- Luohanguo
M
- Mace
- Mahlab
- Malabathrum
- Manchurian Thorn Tree (Aralia manchurica)]]
- Marjoram (Origanum majorana)
- Marrubium vulgare (white horehound)
- Marsh Labrador Tea
- Marshmallow
- Mastic
- Meadowsweet (Filipendula vulgaris)
- Mei Yen
- Melegueta pepper ( Aframomum melegueta)
- Mexican pepperleaf (Piper auritum)
- Mint (Mentha spp.)
- Milk thistle (Silybum)
- Bergamot (Monarda didyma)
- Motherwort
- Mountain Skullcap
- Mullein (Verbascum thapsus)
- Mustard
- Mustard seed
N
- Nashia inaguensis
- Neem
- Nepeta (catmint)
- Nettle (Urtica)
- Nigella sativa (Kalonji, Black caraway)
- Noni
- Nutmeg (and Mace)
O
- Oenothera (Oenothera biennis et al)
- Oilseed
- Olida (Eucalyptus olida)
- Oregano (Origanum vulgare, O. heracleoticum, and other species)
- Orris root
- Osmorhiza
- Olive Leaf (used in tea and as herbal supplement)
P
- Pandan leaf
- Paprika
- Paracress
- Parsley (Petroselinum crispum)
- Passion Flower (Passiflora)
- Patchouli
- Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegoides)
- Pepper (black, white, and green)
- Peng (Celastrus paniculatus)
- Peppermint (Mentha piperata)
- Peppermint Gum (Eucalyptus dives)
- Perilla
- Plantain
- Pomegranate
- Ponch phoran
- Poppy seed
- Primrose (Primula vulgaris)
- Psyllium
- Purslane
Q
R
- Ramsons (wood garlic, Allium ursinum)
- Ras el-hanout
- Raspberry (leaves)
- Reishi
- Restharrow (Ononis)
- Rhodiola rosea
- Riberry (Syzygium luehmannii)
- Rocket/Arugula
- Roman chamomile
- Rooibos
- Rosehips
- Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)
- Rowan berries (Sorbus aucuparia)
- Rue (Ruta)
S
- Safflower
- Saffron
- Sage (Salvia officinalis)
- Saigon Cinnamon
- St John's Wort (Hypericum)
- Salad Burnet (Sanguisorba minor)
- Salvia (clary and sage)
- Sassafras
- Savory (Summer savory, Satureja hortensis, and winter savory, S. montana)
- Schisandra chinensis
- Scutellaria costaricana (skullcap)
- Senna (herb)
- Senna obtusifolia
- Sesame seed
- Sheep's sorrel (Rumex acetosella)
- Shepherd's Purse
- Sialagogue
- Siberian Chaga
- Siberian ginseng (Eleutherococcus senticosus)
- Sichuan pepper (Xanthoxylum piperitum)
- Siraitia grosvenorii (luohanguo)]]
- Skullcap (Scutellaria)
- Sloe berries (Prunus spinosus)
- Smudge Stick
- Sonchus (sow-thistle)
- Sorrel (Rumex acetosa, R. acetosella, R. scutatus)
- Southernwood
- Spearmint
- Speedwell
- Squill (Scilla)
- Star anise
- Stevia
- Strawberry leaves (Fragaria)
- Suma (Pfaffia paniculata)
- Sumac
- Summer savory (Satureja hortensis)
- Sutherlandia frutescens
- Sweet grass
- Sweet cicely (Myrrhis odorata)
- Sweet woodruff
T
- Tacamahac
- Tamarind
- Tandoori masala
- Tansy
- Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus)
- Tea (Camellia sinensis)
- Teucrium polium
- Thai basil
- Thistle
- Thyme
- Toor Dall
- Tormentil (Potentilla erecta)
- Tribulus terrestris
- Tulsi (Ocimum tenuiflorum)
- Turmeric (Curcuma longa)
- Twinleaf onion
U
- Uva ursi (bearberry)
V
- Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia)
- Vasaka
- Vervain
- Vetiver
- Vietnamese Coriander (Persicaria odorata)
W
- Wasabi (Wasabia japonica)
- Watercress (Rorippa nasturtium-aquatica)
- Wattleseed
- Wild ginger
- Wild Lettuce
- Wild thyme
- Winter savory (Satureja montana)
- Witch Hazel (Hamamelis)
- Wolfberry
- Wood Avens
- Wood Betony
- Woodruff
- Wormwood
Y
- Yarrow, (Alchemilla millefolium)
- Yerba Buena
- Yohimbe
- Yomogi
Z
- Zedoary root
Spice mixtures
- Berbere
- Curry powder
- Five-spice powder or Chinese five-spice
- Garam masala
- Herbes de Provence
- Khmeli Suneli
- Quatre épices, a blend of ground pepper, cloves, nutmeg and ginger
- Ras el hanout, a Moroccan spice blend that includes cinnamon and cumin among other spices
- Tandoori masala
- Za'atar
