Difference between revisions of "Acacia melanoxylon"

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Blackwood - ''Acacia melanoxylon'' is a common tree in South-eastern Australia, It is named for the dark heartwood of the tree which produces a timber much favoured in furniture making.
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{{SPlantbox
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|familia=Fabaceae
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|genus=Acacia
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|species=melanoxylon
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|common_name=Australian Blackwood, Sally Wattle, Lightwood, Hickory, Mudgerabah
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|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|habit=tree
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|habit_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|Max ht box=100
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|Max ht metric=ft
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|height_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|Max wd box=20
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|Max wd metric=ft
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|width_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|origin=E Australia
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|lifespan=perennial
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|life_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|exposure=sun
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|sun_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|features=flowers
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|flower_season=early spring, mid spring, late spring, early winter, mid winter, late winter
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|flower_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|flowers=orange, yellow
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|Min Temp Num=-8
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|Temp Metric=°C
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|min_zone=8
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|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|max_zone=11
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|image=Acacia melanoxylon.jpg
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|image_width=200
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|image_caption=Flowering twigs of ''Acacia melanoxylon''
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}}
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The '''Australian Blackwood''' (''Acacia melanoxylon (Leguminosae)'') is an [[Acacia]] [[species]] native in eastern [[Australia]]. The species is also known as '''Sally Wattle''', '''Lightwood''', '''Hickory''', '''Mudgerabah''', '''Tasmanian Blackwood''' or '''Black Wattle'''. This tree species grows fast and tall, up to 45 m height. It has a wide ecological tolerance, occurring over an extensive range of soils and climatic conditions, but develops better in colder climates. Control of its invasion of natural vegetation, commercial timber plantations and farmland in several host counties incur considerable costs, but its timber value and nursing of natural forest succession provides a positive contribution.
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''Acacia melanoxylon (Leguminosae)'' grows as an unarmed, evergreen tree 8-15 (sometimes up to 45) m high, with a straight trunk and dense and pyramidal to cylindrical  crown , sometimes with heavy spreading branches. The leaves are [[bipinnate]] (feathery) on seedlings and coppice shoots turn into [[phyllode]]s. Phyllodes are 7-10 cm long, greyish turning dark dull-green, straight to slightly curved, with 3-7 prominent longitudinal veins and fine net-veins between; often bipinnate on young plants and coppice shoots. Pale yellow, globular flower heads are followed by Reddish-brown pods, narrower than phyllodes, slightly constricted, twisted; flat roundish shiny black seeds 2-3 mm long, seeds almost encircled by pinkish-red seed stalks (aril)" (Henderson, 1995. In PIER, 2002). It has a shallow root system with dense, surface feeder roots.
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Blackwood (''Acacia melanoxylon'') is a common tree in South-eastern Australia, It is named for the dark heartwood of the tree which produces a timber much favoured in furniture making.
  
 
The tree can grow to 30m in height and has very dense dark green foliage. As a young tree it shows typical Acacia foliage, with bipinnate leaves, but these are quickly replaced by expanded leaf stalks known as phyllodes that resemble simple parallel-veined leaves.
 
The tree can grow to 30m in height and has very dense dark green foliage. As a young tree it shows typical Acacia foliage, with bipinnate leaves, but these are quickly replaced by expanded leaf stalks known as phyllodes that resemble simple parallel-veined leaves.
  
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[[Image:Acacia melanoxylon.png]]
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{{Inc|
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Acacia melanoxylon, R. Br. Blackwood Acacia. Fig. 72. A good - sized evergreen tree of pyramidal form and dense foliage: phyll. oblanceolate to lanceolate, usually one edge straight, the other curved, 2 1/2 - 4 1/2in. long (average 3 1/2 in. long by 3/4in. wide), 3-6 parallel nerves, reticulately veined between; gland 1/6in. from base: fls. cream-color, 40-50 in a head, with peduncles over 1/2in. long, and in short racemes of 3-5 heads: pod reddish brown, with nerve-like margins, more or less twisted into shape of letter C or S, 3-5 in. long, 3/8in. wide; seed longitudinal, 1/8in. in length, encircled in double fold by a long red funicle which is very characteristic of the species, the seed hanging on the trees thus for months; pods ripe July-Nov. Fls. late Feb. and March. B.M. 16.59.—Its wood is but little inferior to black walnut for furniture-making and grillwork; it makes a good street tree in Calif, and as a fuel it is equal to hickory.
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:''More information about this species can be found on the [[Acacia|genus page]].''
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==Cultivation==
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{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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===Propagation===
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{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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===Pests and diseases===
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{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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==Varieties==
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==Gallery==
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<gallery>
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Image:Acacia melanoxylon a.jpg| Juvenile tree
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Image:Acacia melanoxylon b.jpg| Juvenile leaf
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Image:Acacia melanoxylon c.jpg| Transitional leaf
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Image:Acacia melanoxylon d.jpg| Adult foliage (phyllodes)
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Image:Acacia melanoxylon e.jpg| Pods and seeds on tree
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Image:Acacia melanoxylon f.jpg| Pods and seeds
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</gallery>
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==References==
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
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==External links==
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*{{wplink}}
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{{stub}}
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__NOTOC__

Latest revision as of 01:17, 21 July 2010


Flowering twigs of Acacia melanoxylon


Plant Characteristics
Habit   tree

Height: ⇕ 100 ft"ft" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 100.
Width: ⇔ 20 ft"ft" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 20.
Lifespan: ⌛ perennial
Origin: ✈ E Australia
Bloom: ❀ early spring, mid spring, late spring, early winter, mid winter, late winter
Cultivation
Exposure: ☼ sun
Features: ✓ flowers
Minimum Temp: ☃ -8°C17.6 °F <br />265.15 K <br />477.27 °R <br />
USDA Zones: 8 to 11
Flower features: ❀ orange, yellow
Scientific Names

Fabaceae >

Acacia >

melanoxylon >


The Australian Blackwood (Acacia melanoxylon (Leguminosae)) is an Acacia species native in eastern Australia. The species is also known as Sally Wattle, Lightwood, Hickory, Mudgerabah, Tasmanian Blackwood or Black Wattle. This tree species grows fast and tall, up to 45 m height. It has a wide ecological tolerance, occurring over an extensive range of soils and climatic conditions, but develops better in colder climates. Control of its invasion of natural vegetation, commercial timber plantations and farmland in several host counties incur considerable costs, but its timber value and nursing of natural forest succession provides a positive contribution.

Acacia melanoxylon (Leguminosae) grows as an unarmed, evergreen tree 8-15 (sometimes up to 45) m high, with a straight trunk and dense and pyramidal to cylindrical crown , sometimes with heavy spreading branches. The leaves are bipinnate (feathery) on seedlings and coppice shoots turn into phyllodes. Phyllodes are 7-10 cm long, greyish turning dark dull-green, straight to slightly curved, with 3-7 prominent longitudinal veins and fine net-veins between; often bipinnate on young plants and coppice shoots. Pale yellow, globular flower heads are followed by Reddish-brown pods, narrower than phyllodes, slightly constricted, twisted; flat roundish shiny black seeds 2-3 mm long, seeds almost encircled by pinkish-red seed stalks (aril)" (Henderson, 1995. In PIER, 2002). It has a shallow root system with dense, surface feeder roots.

Blackwood (Acacia melanoxylon) is a common tree in South-eastern Australia, It is named for the dark heartwood of the tree which produces a timber much favoured in furniture making.

The tree can grow to 30m in height and has very dense dark green foliage. As a young tree it shows typical Acacia foliage, with bipinnate leaves, but these are quickly replaced by expanded leaf stalks known as phyllodes that resemble simple parallel-veined leaves.


Read about Acacia melanoxylon in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Acacia melanoxylon, R. Br. Blackwood Acacia. Fig. 72. A good - sized evergreen tree of pyramidal form and dense foliage: phyll. oblanceolate to lanceolate, usually one edge straight, the other curved, 2 1/2 - 4 1/2in. long (average 3 1/2 in. long by 3/4in. wide), 3-6 parallel nerves, reticulately veined between; gland 1/6in. from base: fls. cream-color, 40-50 in a head, with peduncles over 1/2in. long, and in short racemes of 3-5 heads: pod reddish brown, with nerve-like margins, more or less twisted into shape of letter C or S, 3-5 in. long, 3/8in. wide; seed longitudinal, 1/8in. in length, encircled in double fold by a long red funicle which is very characteristic of the species, the seed hanging on the trees thus for months; pods ripe July-Nov. Fls. late Feb. and March. B.M. 16.59.—Its wood is but little inferior to black walnut for furniture-making and grillwork; it makes a good street tree in Calif, and as a fuel it is equal to hickory.


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


More information about this species can be found on the genus page.

Cultivation

Do you have cultivation info on this plant? Edit this section!

Propagation

Do you have propagation info on this plant? Edit this section!

Pests and diseases

Do you have pest and disease info on this plant? Edit this section!

Varieties

Gallery

  • Juvenile tree

  • Juvenile leaf

  • Transitional leaf

  • Adult foliage (phyllodes)

  • Pods and seeds on tree

  • Pods and seeds

References

External links


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