Difference between revisions of "African violet"

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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
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{{SPlantbox
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| name = ''Saintpaulia''\
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|familia=Gesneriaceae
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| common_names = African Violet
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|genus=Saintpaulia
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| growth_habit = herbaceous
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|common_name=African Violet
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| high = up to 15 cm (6 in.)
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|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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| wide =     <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
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|habit=herbaceous
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| origin = E tropical Africa
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|Max ht box=15
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| poisonous =    <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
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|Max ht metric=cm
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| lifespan = perennial
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|origin=E tropical Africa
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| exposure = bright indirect/filtered
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|lifespan=perennial
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| water =     <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
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|life_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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| features = flowers
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|exposure=part-sun
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| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
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|features=flowers, houseplant
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| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
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|Temp Metric=°F
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| usda_zones = indoors
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|image=Purple_African_Violet_Top.JPG
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| sunset_zones = indoors
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|image_width=240
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| color = IndianRed
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|image_caption=a ''Saintpaulia ionantha'' cultivar
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| image = Purple_African_Violet_Top.JPG
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}}
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| image_width = 240px
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Saintpaulias are widely cultivated as [[house plant]]s. Hairy often stemless perennial herbs, used for greenhouse flowering, the blossoms providing an attractive blue, violet, purple, white, pink and even green.  Flowers can be single or double, solid or striped. "Wasp" type flowers have the upper two flower petals independently fused forming a tube. There are also compound leaves on some, that are called "bustled".  Over 2,000 cultivars have been selected, with a very wide variety of flower and leaf colors, shapes, sizes, patterns and textures. Cultivars are classified as Large, Standard, Trailing, Semi-mini, Mini, and Micro with Micro being the smallest.
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| image_caption = a ''Saintpaulia ionantha'' cultivar
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| regnum = Plantae
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Leaves long-petioled, ovate: peduncles radical (or axillary in the caulescent species), 1-5 in. high, bearing several (or 1) fls. in a loose cyme: calyx small, deeply 5-lobed; corolla wide-campanulate, tube short, the lobes elliptic, blue; perfect stamens 2; ovary hairy: caps, oblong, locuhcidally 2-valved; seeds small, ellipsoid.
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| divisio = Magnoliophyta
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| classis = Magnoliopsida
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{{Inc|
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| ordo = Lamiales
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Saintpaulia (from the discoverer of the plant, Baron Walter von Saint Paul). Gesneriaceae. Hairy often stemless perennial herbs, used for greenhouse flowering, the blossoms providing an attractive blue.
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| familia = Gesneriaceae
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| genus = Saintpaulia
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Leaves long-petioled, ovate: peduncles radical (or axillary in the caulescent species), 1-5 in. high, bearing several (or 1) fls. in a loose cyme: calyx small, deeply 5-lobed; corolla wide-campanulate, tube short, the lobes elliptic, blue; perfect stamens 2; ovary hairy: caps, oblong, loculicidally 2-valved; seeds small, ellipsoid.—Four species, Trop. Afr.
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| species =
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| subspecies =
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The end of March is a good time to propagate saintpaulias, when the ripened leaves should be cut off with about an inch of the stalk attached, and inserted in the sand-bed, covering only a small part of the leaf-blade. The sand should not be kept too wet during the process of rooting. Their propagation from seed and general culture is similar to that of gloxinia. The plants may be flowered the entire year or given a period of rest by partly withholding water.
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| cultivar =
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S. pusilla, and S. Goetzeana, of East Africa, appear not to be in cult.
 
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Hairy often stemless perennial herbs, used for greenhouse flowering, the blossoms providing an attractive blue. Leaves long-petioled, ovate: peduncles radical (or axillary in the caulescent species), 1-5 in. high, bearing several (or 1) fls. in a loose cyme: calyx small, deeply 5-lobed; corolla wide-campanulate, tube short, the lobes elliptic, blue; perfect stamens 2; ovary hairy: caps, oblong, locuhcidally 2-valved; seeds small, ellipsoid.
 
  
 
==Cultivation==
 
==Cultivation==
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African violets prefer a constant temperature between 20-25 °C (68-77 °F) with high humidity, and thrive best planted in well-drained humus or coir compost.  Most nurseries and garden shops sell African Violet potting soil in ready-to-go bags. The plants may be flowered the entire year or given a period of rest by partly withholding water. Saintpaulias should be watered from underneath, and misting should be avoided, as water coming in contact with the leaves can cause damage.
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| color = IndianRed
 
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| name = <!--- type name of plant just to the right of the equal sign on the left -->
 
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African violets prefer a constant temperature between 20-25 °C (68-77 °F) with high humidity, and thrive best planted in well-drained humus or coir compost.
 
  
 
===Propagation===
 
===Propagation===
 
Saintpaulias can be propagated by leaf cuttings (essential for propagating named cultivars) or seed (from which new cultivars are selected).
 
Saintpaulias can be propagated by leaf cuttings (essential for propagating named cultivars) or seed (from which new cultivars are selected).
  
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The end of March is a good time to propagate saintpaulias, when the ripened leaves should be cut off with about an inch of the stalk attached, and inserted in the sand-bed, covering only a small part of the leaf-blade. The sand should not be kept too wet during the process of rooting. Their propagation from seed and general culture is similar to that of gloxinia. The plants may be flowered the entire year or given a period of rest by partly withholding water.
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The end of March is a good time to propagate saintpaulias, when the ripened leaves should be cut off with about an inch of the stalk attached, and inserted in the sand-bed, covering only a small part of the leaf-blade. The sand should not be kept too wet during the process of rooting. Their propagation from seed and general culture is similar to that of gloxinia.
  
 
===Pests and diseases===
 
===Pests and diseases===
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*''[[Saintpaulia inconspicua]]''
 
*''[[Saintpaulia inconspicua]]''
 
*''[[Saintpaulia goetzeana]]''
 
*''[[Saintpaulia goetzeana]]''
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*''[[Saintpaulia ionantha]]''
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*''Saintpaulia ionantha'' (syn. ''S. kewensis'')
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**''Saintpaulia ionantha'' ssp. ''grandifolia'' (syn. S. grandifolia)
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**''Saintpaulia ionantha'' ssp. ''grotei'' (syn. S. amaniensis, S. confusa, S. difficilis, S. grotei, S. magungensis, S. magungensis var. minima)
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**''Saintpaulia ionantha'' ssp. ''ionantha'' var ''diplotricha'' (syn. S. diplotricha)
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**''Saintpaulia ionantha'' ssp. ''ionantha'' var ''ionantha'' (syn. S. tongwensis)
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**''Saintpaulia ionantha'' ssp. ''nitida'' (syn. S. nitida)
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**''Saintpaulia ionantha'' ssp. ''occidentalis'' (syn. S. magungensis var. occidentalis)
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**''Saintpaulia ionantha'' ssp. ''orbicularis'' (syn. S. orbicularis)
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**''Saintpaulia ionantha'' ssp. ''pendula'' (syn. S. intermedia, S. pendula, S. pendula var. kizarae)
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**''Saintpaulia ionantha'' ssp. ''rupicola'' (syn. S. rupicola)
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**''Saintpaulia ionantha'' ssp. ''velutina'' (syn. S. brevipilosa, S. velutina)
 
*''[[Saintpaulia pusilla]]''
 
*''[[Saintpaulia pusilla]]''
 
*''[[Saintpaulia shumensis]]''
 
*''[[Saintpaulia shumensis]]''
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*[http://gesneriads.ca/saintart.htm Gesneriad Reference Web Saintpaulia article]
 
*[http://gesneriads.ca/saintart.htm Gesneriad Reference Web Saintpaulia article]
  
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[[Category:Categorize]]
 
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Latest revision as of 01:37, 7 May 2010


a Saintpaulia ionantha cultivar


Plant Characteristics
Habit   herbaceous

Height: ⇕ 15 cm"cm" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 15.
Lifespan: ⌛ perennial
Origin: ✈ E tropical Africa
Cultivation
Exposure: ☼ part-sun
Features: ✓ flowers, houseplant
Scientific Names

Gesneriaceae >

Saintpaulia >


Saintpaulias are widely cultivated as house plants. Hairy often stemless perennial herbs, used for greenhouse flowering, the blossoms providing an attractive blue, violet, purple, white, pink and even green. Flowers can be single or double, solid or striped. "Wasp" type flowers have the upper two flower petals independently fused forming a tube. There are also compound leaves on some, that are called "bustled". Over 2,000 cultivars have been selected, with a very wide variety of flower and leaf colors, shapes, sizes, patterns and textures. Cultivars are classified as Large, Standard, Trailing, Semi-mini, Mini, and Micro with Micro being the smallest.

Leaves long-petioled, ovate: peduncles radical (or axillary in the caulescent species), 1-5 in. high, bearing several (or 1) fls. in a loose cyme: calyx small, deeply 5-lobed; corolla wide-campanulate, tube short, the lobes elliptic, blue; perfect stamens 2; ovary hairy: caps, oblong, locuhcidally 2-valved; seeds small, ellipsoid.


Read about African violet in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Saintpaulia (from the discoverer of the plant, Baron Walter von Saint Paul). Gesneriaceae. Hairy often stemless perennial herbs, used for greenhouse flowering, the blossoms providing an attractive blue.

Leaves long-petioled, ovate: peduncles radical (or axillary in the caulescent species), 1-5 in. high, bearing several (or 1) fls. in a loose cyme: calyx small, deeply 5-lobed; corolla wide-campanulate, tube short, the lobes elliptic, blue; perfect stamens 2; ovary hairy: caps, oblong, loculicidally 2-valved; seeds small, ellipsoid.—Four species, Trop. Afr.

The end of March is a good time to propagate saintpaulias, when the ripened leaves should be cut off with about an inch of the stalk attached, and inserted in the sand-bed, covering only a small part of the leaf-blade. The sand should not be kept too wet during the process of rooting. Their propagation from seed and general culture is similar to that of gloxinia. The plants may be flowered the entire year or given a period of rest by partly withholding water.

S. pusilla, and S. Goetzeana, of East Africa, appear not to be in cult.


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

African violets prefer a constant temperature between 20-25 °C (68-77 °F) with high humidity, and thrive best planted in well-drained humus or coir compost. Most nurseries and garden shops sell African Violet potting soil in ready-to-go bags. The plants may be flowered the entire year or given a period of rest by partly withholding water. Saintpaulias should be watered from underneath, and misting should be avoided, as water coming in contact with the leaves can cause damage.

Propagation

Saintpaulias can be propagated by leaf cuttings (essential for propagating named cultivars) or seed (from which new cultivars are selected).

The end of March is a good time to propagate saintpaulias, when the ripened leaves should be cut off with about an inch of the stalk attached, and inserted in the sand-bed, covering only a small part of the leaf-blade. The sand should not be kept too wet during the process of rooting. Their propagation from seed and general culture is similar to that of gloxinia.

Pests and diseases

Do you have pest and disease info on this plant? Edit this section!

Species

On the basis of recent studies that showed most of the species to be very poorly differentiated, both genetically and morphologically, the number of species has been reduced to 6, with the majority of former species reduced to subspecies under S. ionantha, in a recent floristic treatment (Darbyshire 2006).wp

  • Saintpaulia inconspicua
  • Saintpaulia goetzeana
  • Saintpaulia ionantha (syn. S. kewensis)
    • Saintpaulia ionantha ssp. grandifolia (syn. S. grandifolia)
    • Saintpaulia ionantha ssp. grotei (syn. S. amaniensis, S. confusa, S. difficilis, S. grotei, S. magungensis, S. magungensis var. minima)
    • Saintpaulia ionantha ssp. ionantha var diplotricha (syn. S. diplotricha)
    • Saintpaulia ionantha ssp. ionantha var ionantha (syn. S. tongwensis)
    • Saintpaulia ionantha ssp. nitida (syn. S. nitida)
    • Saintpaulia ionantha ssp. occidentalis (syn. S. magungensis var. occidentalis)
    • Saintpaulia ionantha ssp. orbicularis (syn. S. orbicularis)
    • Saintpaulia ionantha ssp. pendula (syn. S. intermedia, S. pendula, S. pendula var. kizarae)
    • Saintpaulia ionantha ssp. rupicola (syn. S. rupicola)
    • Saintpaulia ionantha ssp. velutina (syn. S. brevipilosa, S. velutina)
  • Saintpaulia pusilla
  • Saintpaulia shumensis
  • Saintpaulia teitensis

Gallery

  • Paola-2955.jpg
  • Loui says this is the best photo-5598.jpg
  • African violet-8046.jpg
  • Acariciar la luz-4667.jpg
  • African violet (23)-6615.jpg
  • African violet (9)-1731.jpg
  • African violet (8)-2572.jpg
  • African Violets Rooting-6113.jpg
  • P1000676.JPG-4186.jpg
  • IMG 0138.JPG-8821.jpg
  • IMG 0145.JPG-1520.jpg
  • IMG 0141.JPG-869.jpg

References

External links


Retrieved from "http://gardenology.mywikis.net/w/index.php?title=African_violet&oldid=127903"