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| | [[Image:Split Aloe.jpg|thumb|150px|Succulent plants, such as this ''[[Aloe]]'', store water in their fleshy leaves]] | | [[Image:Split Aloe.jpg|thumb|150px|Succulent plants, such as this ''[[Aloe]]'', store water in their fleshy leaves]] |
| − | '''Succulent plants''', also known as '''succulents''' or '''fat plants''', are [[water]]-retaining [[plant]]s adapted to [[Xerophile|xerophilic]] climatic or [[soil]] conditions. Succulent plants store water in their [[leaf|leaves]], [[Plant stem|stems]] and/or [[root]]s. The storage of water often gives succulent plants a more swollen or fleshy appearance than other plants, also known as succulence. In addition to succulence, succulent plants variously have other water-saving features. These may include: | + | '''Succulents''' are plants which are juicy; fleshy; soft and thickened in texture.{{SCH}} |
| | | | |
| − | * [[Crassulacean acid metabolism|CAM metabolism]] to minimise water loss
| + | ==Gallery== |
| − | * Absent, reduced, or cylindrical to spherical leaves
| + | <gallery> |
| − | * reduction in the number of [[stomata]]
| + | image:LithopsJulii.jpg|Aizoaceae:''Lithops julii'', leaf succulent |
| − | * stems, rather than leaves, as the main site of photosynthesis
| + | image:Bottle-tree.jpg|Apocynaceae:''Pachypodium lealii'', stem succulent |
| − | * a compact, reduced, cushion-like, columnar or spherical growth form
| + | image:Hayworthia arachnoidea - cobweb aloe.jpg|Asphodelaceae:''Haworthia arachnoidea'', leaf succulent |
| − | * ribs enabling rapid increases in plant volume and decreasing surface area exposed to the sun
| + | image:Rebutia muscula.JPG|Cactaceae:''Rebutia muscula'', stem succulent |
| − | * waxy, hairy or spiny outer surface to reduce water loss via the creation of a humid microhabitat around the plant and a reduction in air movement near the surface of the plant.
| + | Image:Crassula_ovata_700.jpg|Crassulaceae:''Crassula ovata'', stem and leaf succulent |
| | + | image:E obesa symmetrica ies.jpg|Euphorbiaceae:''Euphorbia obesa ssp. symmetrica'', stem succulent |
| | + | image:Moringa-ovalifolia.jpg|Moringaceae:''Moringa ovalifolia'', stem succulent |
| | + | image:Pataelefante.jpg|Nolinaceae:''Beaucarnea recurvata'', stem succulent |
| | + | image:Dragon tree.jpg|Ruscaceae:''Dracaena draco'', stem succulent |
| | + | </gallery> |
| | | | |
| − | Many succulents come from the dry areas of the [[tropics]] and [[subtropics]], such as [[steppes]], [[semi-desert]] and [[desert]]. High temperatures and low [[precipitation]] force plants to collect and store water in order to survive long dry periods. Succulents also occur as [[Epiphytic|epiphytes]], as such they have limited or no contact with the ground, and are dependent on their ability to store water. Succulents also occur as inhabitants of [[sea]] [[coasts]], or [[salt pans]] which are exposed to high levels of dissolved minerals.
| + | {{glossary}} |
| − | | |
| − | The best known succulents are [[cactus|cacti]] ([[family (biology)|family]]: [[Cactaceae]]). Virtually all cacti are succulents, but many succulents are not cacti.
| |
| − | | |
| − | == Families and genera ==
| |
| − | [[image:LithopsJulii.jpg|thumb|150px|Aizoaceae:''Lithops julii'', leaf succulent]]
| |
| − | [[image:Bottle-tree.jpg|thumb|150px|Apocynaceae:''Pachypodium lealii'', stem succulent]]
| |
| − | [[image:Hayworthia arachnoidea - cobweb aloe.jpg|thumb|150px|Asphodelaceae:''Haworthia arachnoidea'', leaf succulent]]
| |
| − | [[image:Adansonia gregorii.jpg|thumb|150px|Bombaceae:''Adansonia gregorii'', stem succulent]]
| |
| − | [[image:Rebutia muscula.JPG|thumb|150px|Cactaceae:''Rebutia muscula'', stem succulent]]
| |
| − | [[Image:Crassula_ovata_700.jpg|thumb|150px|Crassulaceae:''Crassula ovata'', stem and leaf succulent]]
| |
| − | [[image:E obesa symmetrica ies.jpg|thumb|150px|Euphorbiaceae:''Euphorbia obesa ssp. symmetrica'', stem succulent]]
| |
| − | [[image:Moringa-ovalifolia.jpg|thumb|150px|Moringaceae:''Moringa ovalifolia'', stem succulent]]
| |
| − | [[image:Pataelefante.jpg|thumb|150px|Nolinaceae:''Beaucarnea recurvata'', stem succulent]]
| |
| − | [[image:Dragon tree.jpg|thumb|150px|Ruscaceae:''Dracaena draco'', stem succulent]]
| |
| − | Plant families and genera in which succulent species occur are listed below.
| |
| − | * '''[[Agavaceae]]''': ''[[Agave]]'', ''[[Beschorneria]]'', ''[[Chlorophytum]]'', ''[[Furcraea]]'', ''[[Hesperaloe]]'', ''[[Hesperoyucca]]'', ''[[Yucca]]''
| |
| − | * '''[[Aizoaceae]]''': ''[[Acrodon]]'', ''[[Aloinopsis]]'', ''[[Amoebophyllum]]'', ''[[Amphibolia]]'', ''[[Antegibbaeum]]'', ''[[Apatesia]]'', ''[[Aptenia]]'', ''[[Arenifera]]'', ''[[Argyroderma]]'', ''[[Aridaria]]'', ''[[Astridia]]'', ''[[Bergeranthus]]'', ''[[Berrisfordia]]'', ''[[Braunsia]]'', ''[[Brownanthus]]'', ''[[Calamophyllum]]'', ''[[Carpobrotus]]'', ''[[Carruanthus]]'', ''[[Caryotophora]]'', ''[[Cephalophyllum]]'', ''[[Cerochlamys]]'', ''[[Chasmatophyllum]]'', ''[[Cheiridopsis]]'', ''[[Conicosia]]'', ''[[Conophytum]]'', ''[[Cylindrophyllum]]'', ''[[Dactylopsis]]'', ''[[Delosperma]]'', ''[[Dicrocaulon]]'', ''[[Dinteranthus]]'', ''[[Dorotheanthus]]'', ''[[Dracophilus]]'', ''[[Drosanthemum]]'', ''[[Eberlanzia]]'', ''[[Ebracteola]]'', ''[[Ectotropis]]'', ''[[Enarganthe]]'', ''[[Erepsia]]'', ''[[Esterhuysenia]]'', ''[[Eurystigma]]'', ''[[Faucaria]]'', ''[[Fenestraria]]'', ''[[Frithia]]'', ''[[Gibbaeum]]'', ''[[Glottiphyllum]]'', ''[[Halenbergia]]'', ''[[Hereroa]]'', ''[[Herrea]]'', ''[[Herreanthus]]'', ''[[Hydrodea]]'', ''[[Hymenogyne]]'', ''[[Imitaria]]'', ''[[Jacobsenia]]'', ''[[Juttadinteria]]'', ''[[Kensitia]]'', ''[[Khadia]]'', ''[[Lampranthus]]'', ''[[Lapidaria]]'', ''[[Leipoldtia]]'', ''[[Lithops]]'', ''[[Machairophyllum]]'', ''[[Malephora]]'', ''[[Maughaniella]]'', ''[[Mesembryanthemum]]'', ''[[Mestoklama]]'', ''[[Meyerophytum]]'', ''[[Micropterum]]'', ''[[Mimetophytum]]'', ''[[Mitrophyllum]]'', ''[[Monilaria]]'', ''[[Muiria]]'', ''[[Namaquanthus]]'', ''[[Namibia]]'', ''[[Nanathus]]'', ''[[Nelia]]'', ''[[Neohenricia]]'', ''[[Neorhine]]'', ''[[Nycteranthus]]'', ''[[Octopoma]]'', ''[[Odontophorus]]'', ''[[Oophytum]]'', ''[[Ophthalmophyllum]]'', ''[[Orthopterum]]'', ''[[Oscularia]]'', ''[[Ottosonderia]]'', ''[[Pherelobus]]'', ''[[Platythyra]]'', ''[[Pleiospilos]]'', ''[[Polymita]]'', ''[[Prenia]]'', ''[[Psammophora]]'', ''[[Psicaulon]]'', ''[[Rabiea]]'', ''[[Rhinephyllum]]'', ''[[Rhombophyllum]]'', ''[[Ruschia]]'', ''[[Ruschianthemum]]'', ''[[Ruschianthus]]'', ''[[Saphesia]]'', ''[[Sceletium]]'', ''[[Schwantesia]]'', ''[[Scopologena]]'', ''[[Semnanthe]]'', ''[[Skiatophytum]]'', ''[[Smicrostigma]]'', ''[[Sphalmanthus]]'', ''[[Stayneria]]'', ''[[Stomatium]]'', ''[[Synaptophyllum]]'', ''[[Titanopsis]]'', ''[[Trichodiadema]]'', ''[[Vanheerea]]'', ''[[Vanzijlia]]'', ''[[Wooleya]]'', ''[[Zeuktophyllum]]''
| |
| − | * '''[[Amaranthaceae]]''': ''[[Arthraerva]]'', ''[[Salicornia]]''
| |
| − | * '''[[Amaryllidaceae]]''': ''[[Boophane]]'', ''[[Brunsvigia]]'', ''[[Cyrtanthus]]'', ''[[Haemanthus]]'', ''[[Rauhia]]''
| |
| − | * '''[[Anacardiaceae]]''': ''[[Operculicaria]]'', ''[[Pachycormus]]''
| |
| − | * '''[[Apiaceae]]''': ''[[Steganotaenia]]''
| |
| − | * '''[[Apocynaceae]]''': ''[[Adenium]]'', ''[[Mandevilla]]'', ''[[Pachypodium]]'', ''[[Plumeria]]''
| |
| − | ** subfamily '''[[Asclepiadoideae]]''' (syn. [[Asclepiadaceae]]): ''[[Absolmsia]]'', ''[[Asclepias]]'', ''[[Aspidoglossum]]'', ''[[Aspidonepsis]]'', ''[[Baynesia]]'', ''[[Brachystelma]]'', ''[[Caralluma]]'', ''[[Ceropegia]]'', ''[[Cibirhiza]]'', ''[[Cynanchum]]'', ''[[Dischidia]]'', ''[[Dischidiopsis]]'', ''[[Duvalia]]'', ''[[Duvaliandra]]'', ''[[Echidnopsis]]'', ''[[Edithcolea]]'', ''[[Fanninia]]'', ''[[Fockea]]'', ''[[Glossostelma]]'', ''[[Hoodia]]'', ''[[Hoya]]'', ''[[Huernia]]'', ''[[Huerniopsis]]'', ''[[Ischnolepis]]'', ''[[Larryleachia]]'', ''[[Lavrania]]'', ''[[Madangia]]'', ''[[Marsdenia]]'', ''[[Matelea]]'', ''[[Micholitzia]]'', ''[[Miraglossum]]'', ''[[Notechidnopsis]]'', ''[[Odontostelma]]'', ''[[Ophionella]]'', ''[[Orbea (Asclepiadaceae)|Orbea]]'', ''[[Orbeanthus]]'', ''[[Pachycarpus]]'', ''[[Pectinaria]]'', ''[[Petopentia]]'', ''[[Piaranthus]]'', ''[[Pseudolithos]]'', ''[[Quaqua]]'', ''[[Raphionacme]]'', ''[[Rhytidocaulon]]'', ''[[Riocreuxia]]'', ''[[Sarcorrhiza]]'', ''[[Sarcostemma]]'', ''[[Schizoglossum]]'', ''[[Schlechterella]]'', ''[[Stapelia]]'', ''[[Stapelianthus]]'', ''[[Stapeliopsis]]'', ''[[Stathmostelma]]'', ''[[Stenostelma]]'', ''[[Stomatostemma]]'', ''[[Tavaresia]]'', ''[[Trachycalymma]]'', ''[[Tridentea]]'', ''[[Tromotriche]]'', ''[[White-sloanea]]'', ''[[Xysmalobium]]''
| |
| − | * '''[[Araceae]]''': ''[[Zamioculcas]]''
| |
| − | * '''[[Araliaceae]]''': ''[[Cussonia]]''
| |
| − | * '''[[Asparagaceae]]''': ''[[Myrsiphyllum]]''
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| − | * '''[[Asphodelaceae]]''': ''[[Aloe]]'', ''[[Astroloba]]'', ''[[Bulbine]]'', ''[[Chortolirion]]'', ''[[Gasteria]]'', ''[[Haworthia]]'', ''[[Poellnitzia]]'', [[Trachyandra]]''
| |
| − | * '''[[Asteraceae]]''': ''[[Baeriopsis]]'', ''[[Coulterella]]'', ''[[Crassocephalum]]'', ''[[Didelta]]'', ''[[Gynura]]'', ''[[Osteospermum]]'', ''[[Othonna]]'', ''[[Polyachyrus]]'', ''[[Pteronia]]'', ''[[Senecio]]''
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| − | * '''[[Balsaminaceae]]''': ''[[Impatiens]]''
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| − | * '''[[Basellaceae]]''': ''[[Anredera]]'', ''[[Basella]]''
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| − | * '''[[Begoniaceae]]''': ''[[Begonia]]''
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| − | * '''[[Bombaceae]]''': ''[[Adansonia]]'', ''[[Cavanillesia]]'', ''[[Ceiba]]'', ''[[Pseudobombax]]''
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| − | * '''[[Brassicaceae]]''': ''[[Heliophila]]'', ''[[Lepidium]]''
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| − | * '''[[Bromeliaceae]]''': ''[[Abromeitiella]]''
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| − | * '''[[Burseraceae]]''': ''[[Beiselia]]'', ''[[Bursea]]'', ''[[Commiphora]]''
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| − | * '''[[Cactaceae]]''': ''[[Acanthocalycium]]'', ''[[Acanthocereus]]'', ''[[Ariocarpus]]'', ''[[Armatocereus]]'', ''[[Arrojadoa]]'', ''[[Arthrocereus]]'', ''[[Astrophytum]]'', ''[[Austrocactus]]'', ''[[Aztekium]]'', ''[[Bergerocactus]]'', ''[[Blossfeldia]]'', ''[[Brachycereus]]'', ''[[Browningia]]'', ''[[Brasilicereus]]'', ''[[Calymmanthium]]'', ''[[Carnegiea]]'', ''[[Cephalocereus]]'', ''[[Cephalocleistocactus]]'', ''[[Cereus]]'', ''[[Cintia]]'', ''[[Cipocereus]]'', ''[[Cleistocactus]]'', ''[[Coleocephalocereus]]'', ''[[Copiapoa]]'', ''[[Corryocactus]]'', ''[[Coryphantha]]'', ''[[Dendrocereus]]'', ''[[Denmoza]]'', ''[[Discocactus]]'', ''[[Disocactus]]'', ''[[Echinocactus]]'', ''[[Echinocereus]]'', ''[[Echinopsis]]'', ''[[Epiphyllum]]'', ''[[Epithelantha]]'', ''[[Eriosyce]]'', ''[[Escobaria]]'', ''[[Escontria]]'', ''[[Espostoa]]'', ''[[Espostoopsis]]'', ''[[Eulychnia]]'', ''[[Facheiroa]]'', ''[[Ferocactus]]'', ''[[Frailea]]'', ''[[Geohintonia]]'', ''[[Gymnocalycium]]'', ''[[Haageocereus]]'', ''[[Harrisia]]'', ''[[Hatiora]]'', ''[[Hylocereus]]'', ''[[Jasminocereus]]'', ''[[Lasiocereus]]'', ''[[Leocereus]]'', ''[[Lepismium]]'', ''[[Leptocereus]]'', ''[[Leuchtenbergia]]'', ''[[Lophophora]]'', ''[[Maihuenia]]'', ''[[Malacocarpus]]'', ''[[Mammillaria]]'', ''[[Mammilloydia]]'', ''[[Matucana]]'', ''[[Melocactus]]'', ''[[Micranthocereus]]'', ''[[Mila]]'', ''[[Monvillea]]'', ''[[Myrtillocactus]]'', ''[[Neobuxbaumia]]'', ''[[Neolloydia]]'', ''[[Neoraimondia]]'', ''[[Neowerdermannia]]'', ''[[Obregonia]]'', ''[[Opuntia]]'', ''[[Oreocereus]]'', ''[[Oroya]]'', ''[[Ortegocactus]]'', ''[[Pachycereus]]'', ''[[Parodia]]'', ''[[Pediocactus]]'', ''[[Pelecyphora]]'', ''[[Peniocereus]]'', ''[[Pereskia]]'', ''[[Pereskiopsis]]'', ''[[Pilosocereus]]'', ''[[Polaskia]]'', ''[[Praecereus]]'', ''[[Pseudoacanthocereus]]'', ''[[Pseudorhipsalis]]'', ''[[Pterocactus]]'', ''[[Pygmaeocereus]]'', ''[[Quiabentia]]'', ''[[Rauhocereus]]'', ''[[Rebutia]]'', ''[[Rhipsalis]]'', ''[[Samaipaticereus]]'', ''[[Schlumbergera]]'', ''[[Sclerocactus]]'', ''[[Selenicereus]]'', ''[[Stenocactus]]'', ''[[Stenocereus]]'', ''[[Stephanocereus]]'', ''[[Stetsonia]]'', ''[[Strombocactus]]'', ''[[Tacinga]]'', ''[[Thelocactus]]'', ''[[Turbinicarpus]]'', ''[[Uebelmannia]]'', ''[[Weberbauerocereus]]'', ''[[Weberocereus]]'', ''[[Yungasocereus]]''
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| − | * '''[[Campanulaceae]]''': ''[[Brighamia]]''
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| − | * '''[[Capparidaceae]]''': ''[[Maerua]]''
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| − | * '''[[Caricaceae]]''': ''[[Carica]]'', ''[[Jacarathia]]''
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| − | * '''[[Chenopodiaceae]]'''
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| − | * '''[[Cochlospermaceae]]'''
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| − | * '''[[Commelinaceae]]''': ''[[Aneilema]]'', ''[[Callisia]]'', ''[[Cyanotis]]'', ''[[Tradescantia]]'', ''[[Tripogandra]]''
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| − | * '''[[Convolvulaceae]]''': ''[[Ipomea]]'', ''[[Sictocardia]]'', ''[[Turbina]]''
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| − | * '''[[Crassulaceae]]''': ''[[Adromischus]]'', ''[[Aeonium]]'', ''[[Afrovivella]]'', ''[[Aichryson]]'', ''[[Cotyledon]]'', ''[[Crassula]]'', ''[[Cremnophila]]'', ''[[Cremnosedum]]'', ''[[Dudleya]]'', ''[[Echeveria]]'', ''[[Graptopetalum]]'', ''[[Hylotelephium]]'', ''[[Hypagophytum]]'', ''[[Kalanchoe]]'', ''[[Lenophyllum]]'', ''[[Meterostachys]]'', ''[[Monanthes]]'', ''[[Orostachys]]'', ''[[Pachyphytum]]'', ''[[Perrierosedum]]'', ''[[Phedimus]]'', ''[[Pistorinia]]'', ''[[Prometheum]]'', ''[[Pseudosedum]]'', ''[[Rhodiola]]'', ''[[Rosularia]]'', ''[[Sedella]]'', ''[[Sedum]]'', ''[[Sempervivum]]'', ''[[Sinocrassula]]'', ''[[Thompsonella]]'', ''[[Tylecodon]]'', ''[[Umbilicus (genus)|Umbilicus]]'', ''[[Villadia]]''
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| − | * '''[[Cucurbitaceae]]''': ''[[Apodanthera]]'', ''[[Brandegea]]'', ''[[Cephalopentandra]]'', ''[[Ceratosanthes]]'', ''[[Citrullus]]'', ''[[Coccinia]]'', ''[[Corallocarpus]]'', ''[[Cucumella]]'', ''[[Cucumis]]'', ''[[Cucurbita]]'', ''[[Cyclantheropsis]]'', ''[[Dendrosicyos]]'', ''[[Doyera]]'', ''[[Eureindra]]'', ''[[Fevillea]]'', ''[[Gerrandanthus]]'', ''[[Gynostemma]]'', ''[[Halosicyos]]'', ''[[Ibervilla]]'', ''[[Kedostris]]'', ''[[Marah (plant)|Marah]]'', ''[[Momordica]]'', ''[[Neoalsomitra]]'', ''[[Odosicyos]]'', ''[[Parasicyos]]'', ''[[Syrigia]]'', ''[[Telfairia]]'', ''[[Trochomeria]]'', ''[[Trochomeriopsis]]'', ''[[Tumamoca]]'', ''[[Xerosicyos]]'', ''[[Zehneria]]'', ''[[Zygosicyos]]''
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| − | * '''[[Didiereaceae]]''': ''[[Alluaudia]]'', ''[[Alluaudiopsis]]'', ''[[Decaria]]'', ''[[Didierea]]''
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| − | * '''[[Dioscoreaceae]]''': ''[[Dioscorea]]''
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| − | * '''[[Doryanthaceae]]''': ''[[Doryanthes]]''
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| − | * '''[[Ericaceae]]''': ''[[Sphyrospermum]]''
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| − | * '''[[Eriospermaceae]]''': ''[[Eriospermum]]''
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| − | * '''[[Euphorbiaceae]]''': ''[[Cnidoscolus]]'', ''[[Euphorbia]]'', ''[[Jatropha]]''
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| − | * '''[[Fabaceae]]''': ''[[Delonix]]'', ''[[Dolichos]]'', ''[[Erythrina]]'', ''[[Neorautanenia]]'', ''[[Pachyrhizus]]'', ''[[Tylosema]]''
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| − | * '''[[Fouquieriaceae]]''': ''[[Fouquieria]]''
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| − | * '''[[Geraniaceae]]''': ''[[Monsonia]]'', ''[[Pelargonium]]''
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| − | * '''[[Gesneriaceae]]''': ''[[Aeschynanthus]]'', ''[[Alsobia]]'', ''[[Chirita]]'', ''[[Codonanthe]]'', ''[[Columnea]]'', ''[[Nematanthus]]'', ''[[Sinningia]]'', ''[[Streptocarpus]]''
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| − | * '''[[Hyacinthaceae]]''': ''[[Albuca]]'', ''[[Bowiea]]'', ''[[Dipcadi]]'', ''[[Drimia]]'', ''[[Hyacinth (flower)|Hyacinthus]]'', ''[[Lachenalia]]'', ''[[Ledebouria]]'', ''[[Litanthus]]'', ''[[Massonia]]'', ''[[Ornithogalum]]'', ''[[Rhadamanthus]]'', ''[[Rhodocodon]]'', ''[[Schizobasis]]'', ''[[Urginea]]'', ''[[Whiteheadia]]''
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| − | * '''[[Icacinaceae]]''': ''[[Pyrenacantha]]''
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| − | * '''[[Lamiaceae]]''': ''[[Aeollanthus]]'', ''[[Dauphinea]]'', ''[[Perrierastrum]]'', ''[[Plectranthus]]'', ''[[Solenostemon]]'', ''[[Tetradenia]]'', ''[[Thorncroftia]]''
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| − | * '''[[Lentibulariaceae]]'''
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| − | * '''[[Loasaceae]]''': ''[[Schismocarpus]]''
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| − | * '''[[Loranthaceae]]''': ''[[Tapinanthus]]''
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| − | * '''[[Melastomataceae]]''': ''[[Medinilla]]''
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| − | * '''[[Meliaceae]]''': ''[[Entandrophragma]]''
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| − | * '''[[Menispermaceae]]''': ''[[Chasmanthera]]'', ''[[Stephania]]'', ''[[Tinospora]]''
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| − | * '''[[Moraceae]]''': ''[[Dorstenia]]'', ''[[Ficus]]''
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| − | * '''[[Moringaceae]]''': ''[[Moringa]]''
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| − | * '''[[Nolanaceae]]''': ''[[Nolana]]''
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| − | * '''[[Nolinaceae]]''': ''[[Beaucarnea]]'', ''[[Calibanus]]'', ''[[Dasylirion]]'', ''[[Nolina]]''
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| − | * '''[[Orchidaceae]]''' subfamily '' [[Epidendroideae]]'' ''[[Phalaenopsis]]''
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| − | * '''[[Oxalidaceae]]''': ''[[Oxalis]]''
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| − | * '''[[Passifloraceae]]''': ''[[Adenia]]''
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| − | * '''[[Pedaliaceae]]''': ''[[Pterodiscus]]'', ''[[Sesamothamnus]]'', ''[[Uncarina]]''
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| − | * '''[[Phyllanthaceae]]''': ''[[Phyllanthus]]''
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| − | * '''[[Phytolaccaceae]]''': [[Phytolacca]]
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| − | * '''[[Piperaceae]]''': ''[[Peperomia]]''
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| − | * '''[[Portulacaceae]]''': ''[[Amphipetalum]]'', ''[[Anacampseros]]'', ''[[Avonia]]'', ''[[Calyptrotheca]]'', ''[[Ceraria]]'', ''[[Cistanthe]]'', ''[[Dendroportulaca]]'', ''[[Grahamia]]'', ''[[Lewisia]]'', ''[[Parakeelya]]'', ''[[Portulaca]]'', ''[[Portulacaria]]'', ''[[Schreiteria]]'', ''[[Talinella]]'', ''[[Talinum]]''
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| − | * '''[[Rubiaceae]]''': ''[[Anthorrhiza]]'', ''[[Hydnophythum]]'', ''[[Hydrophylax]]'', ''[[Myrmecodia]]'', ''[[Myrmephythum]]'', ''[[Phylohydrax]]'', ''[[Squamellaria]]''
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| − | * '''[[Ruscaceae]]''': ''[[Cordyline]]'', ''[[Dracaena (plant)|Dracaena]]'', ''[[Sansevieria]]''
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| − | * '''[[Sapindaceae]]''': ''[[Erythrophysa]]''
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| − | * '''[[Saxifragaceae]]'''
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| − | * '''[[Sterculiaceae]]''': ''[[Brachychiton]]'', ''[[Sterculia]]''
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| − | * '''[[Urticaceae]]''': ''[[Laportea]]'', ''[[Obertia]]'', ''[[Pilea]]'', ''[[Sarcopilea]]''
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| − | * '''[[Viscaceae]]''': ''[[Viscum]]''
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| − | * '''[[Vitaceae]]''': ''[[Cissus]]'', ''[[Cyphostemma]]''
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| − | * '''[[Xanthorrhoeaceae]]''': ''[[Xanthorrhoea]]''
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| − | * '''[[Zygophyllaceae]]'''
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| − | | |
| − | For some families, most members are succulent; for example the [[Cactus|Cactaceae]], [[Agavaceae]], [[Aizoaceae]], and [[Crassulaceae]].
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| − | | |
| − | The table below shows the number of succulent species found in some families:
| |
| − | | |
| − | {|class="wikitable" | |
| − | ! Family !! Succulent # !! Modified parts !! Distribution
| |
| − | |--------------------------------------------------------------
| |
| − | | [[Agavaceae]] || 300 || Leaf || North and Central America
| |
| − | |--------------------------------------------------------------
| |
| − | | [[Cactus|Cactaceae]] || 1600 || Stem (root, leaf) || The Americas
| |
| − | |--------------------------------------------------------------
| |
| − | | [[Crassulaceae]] || 1300 || Leaf (root) || Worldwide
| |
| − | |--------------------------------------------------------------
| |
| − | | [[Aizoaceae]] || 2000 || Leaf || Southern Africa
| |
| − | |-------------
| |
| − | -------------------------------------------------
| |
| − | | [[Apocynaceae]] || 500 || Stem || Africa, Arabia, India
| |
| − | |--------------------------------------------------------------
| |
| − | | [[Didiereaceae]] || 11 || Stem || Madagascar ([[endemic (ecology)|endemic]])
| |
| − | |--------------------------------------------------------------
| |
| − | | [[Euphorbiaceae]] || > 1000 || Stem and/or leaf and/or root|| Africa, Madagascar, Asia, the Americas, Europe, Australia
| |
| − | |--------------------------------------------------------------
| |
| − | | [[Asphodelaceae]] || 500 || Leaf || Africa, Madagascar
| |
| − | |--------------------------------------------------------------
| |
| − | | [[Portulacaceae]] || ? || Leaf and stem || The Americas
| |
| − | |--------------------------------------------------------------
| |
| − | |}
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| − | | |
| − | [[Category:Plants]]
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| − | [[Category:Plant morphology]]
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