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| − | [[Image:Mature sporangium of a Mucor sp. fungus PHIL 3960 lores.jpg|thumb|200px|Mature sporangium of a ''[[Mucor]]'' mold]] | + | [[Image:Upload.png|thumb|[[Special:Upload|Upload image!]]]] |
| − | [[Image:XN Polytrichum spec.jpg|thumb|200px|Moss sporangia (capsules)]] | + | A [[spore]]-case; a sac or body bearing spores.{{SCH}} |
| − | [[Image:Fern Sori.JPG|thumb|200px|Sporangia (sori) on a fern leaf]]
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| − | [[Image:Equisetum arvense sporangia.jpg|thumb|200px|''Equisetum arvense'' [[strobilus]] cut open to reveal sporangia]]
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| − | A '''sporangium''' (pl., '''sporangia''') is a [[plant]] or [[fungus|fungal]] structure producing and containing [[spore]]s. Sporangia occur on [[Flowering plant|angiosperms]], [[gymnosperm]]s, [[fern]]s, [[fern allies]], [[moss]]es, [[Algae|alga]]e, and [[Fungus|fungi]].
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| − | '''Microsporangia''' are the structures on the stamens of [[flower]]s called [[anther]]s, and the pollen-producing structures on the '''microsporophylls''' of male [[Conifer cone|conifer cone]]s.
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| − | '''Megasporangia''' are the comparable "female" structures on these plants, associated with the flower [[carpel]] and the megasporangial cone.
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| − | On [[fern]]s, the mature plant is a sporophyte that develops sporangia, tiny, stalked sacs which contain '''''[[spore|meiospores]]''''', on all or just certain leaves (called '''sporophylls''' if sporangia are present).
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| − | In mosses, the little case that rises above the vegetative growth on a thin '''stalk''' is a sporangium often called a ''capsule'' that, as in ferns, produces meiospores. This [[sporophyte|sporophytic]] ([[diploid]]) growth arises out of the [[gametophyte|gametophytic]] ([[haploid]]) [[archegonium]] after the ovum is fertilized. The sporophyte initially has some [[chlorophyll]], but later turns brown and becomes dependent upon the gametophyte for nutrition, which is absorbed through the '''foot''' (base of the stalk), embedded in the archegonial tissues.
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| − | Categorized based on developmental sequence, '''''eusporangia''''' and '''''leptosporangia''''' are differentiated in the vascular plants. In a leptosporangium, found only in ferns, development involves a single initial cell that becomes the stalk, wall, and spores within the sporangium. There are around 64 spores in a leptosporangium. In a eusporangium, characteristic of all other vascular plants and some primitive ferns, the initials are in a layer (i.e., more than one). A eusporangium is larger (hence contain more spores), and its wall is multi-layered. Although the wall may be stretched and damaged, resulting in only one cell-layer remaining.
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| − | A cluster of sporangia that have become fused in development is called a '''synangium'''. This structure is most prominent in ''[[Psilotum]]'' and [[Marattiaceae]] such as ''[[Christensenia]]'', ''[[Danaea]]'' and ''[[Marattia]]''.
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| − | ==See also==
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| − | *[[archegonium]]
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| − | *[[antheridium]]
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| − | *For [[bacterium|bacteria]]-related information see [[endospore]]
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| − | [[Category:Plant anatomy]]
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| − | [[Category:Fungal morphology and anatomy]]
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