Difference between revisions of "Solanum mauritianum"

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{{Taxobox
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{{SPlantbox
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| color = lightgreen
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|familia=Solanaceae
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| name = ''Solanum mauritianum''
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|genus=Solanum
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| image = Woollynightshade.jpg
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|species=mauritianum
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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|common_name=Tree tobacco, Wild tobacco
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| divisio = [[flowering plants|Tracheobionta]]
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|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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| classis = [[dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]]
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|habit=shrub
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| subclassis = [[Asteridae]]
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|habit_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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| ordo = [[Solanales]]
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|Min ht box=6
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| familia = [[Solanaceae]]
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|Min ht metric=ft
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| genus = ''[[Solanum]]''
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|Max ht box=10
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| species = '''''S. mauritianum'''''
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|Max ht metric=ft
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| binomial = ''Solanum mauritianum''
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|height_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|Min wd box=6
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|Min wd metric=ft
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|Max wd box=10
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|Max wd metric=ft
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|width_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|poisonous=All parts
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|lifespan=perennial
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|life_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|exposure=sun
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|sun_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|features=flowers, naturalizes, invasive, foliage
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|flowers=blue, purple
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|Temp Metric=°F
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|min_zone=10
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|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|max_zone=12
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|image=Solanum mauritianum.jpg
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|image_width=200
 
}}
 
}}
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'''''Solanum mauritianum''''' is a small [[tree]] or [[shrub]] native to [[South America]], including Northern [[Argentina]], Southern [[Brazil]], [[Paraguay]] and [[Uruguay]].<ref name=Olckersa>Olckersa, T., Zimmermann, H.G., "Biological control of silverleaf nightshade, Solanum elaegnifolium, and bugweed, Solanum mauritianum, (Solanaceae) in South Africa", ''[[Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment]]'',
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Vol. 37, Issues 1-3, October 1991, Pages 137-155[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T3Y-48XKS8M-H9&_user=10&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_searchStrId=994810849&_rerunOrigin=google&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=61f7f8a61437859ad366194b754b58b3]</ref> It has become a widespread invasive [[weed]] in many countries.<ref name=Database>''Solanum Mauritianum'' Weed Profile, Global Invasive Species Database[http://www.issg.org/database/species/ecology.asp?si=209&fr=1&sts=〈=EN]</ref> Its common names include '''Woolly Nightshade''', '''Ear-leaved Nightshade''' (or "earleaf nightshade"), '''Flannel Weed''', '''Bugweed''', '''Tobacco Weed''', '''Tobacco Bush''', '''Wild Tobacco''' and '''Kerosene Plant'''.
  
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'''''Solanum mauritianum''''' is a small [[tree]] or [[shrub]] native to [[South America]] and an [[invasive weed]] in some other places, whose common names include '''woolly nightshade''', '''earleaf nightshade''', '''flannel weed''', '''bugweed''', '''tobacco weed''', and '''kerosene plant'''.
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The plant has a life of up to thirty years, and can grow up to {{convert|10|m|ft|abbr=on}} tall.  Its large oval leaves are grey-green in color and covered with felt-like hairs. The flower is purple with a yellow center. The plant can [[flower]] year round but fruiting occurs in late spring to early summer. It is tolerant of many [[soil]] types and quickly becomes established around [[plantation]]s, forest margins, scrub and open land.
  
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The plant has a life of up to thirty years, and can grow up to 10 m tall.  Its large oval leaves are grey-green in color and covered with felt-like hairs. The flower is purple with a yellow center. The plant can [[flower]] year round but fruiting occurs in late spring to early summer. It is tolerant of many [[soil]] types and quickly becomes established around plantations, forest margins, scrub and open land.
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==Cultivation==
  
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In its native habitat, this is a favoured food plant of the [[African Olive Pigeon]],''Columba arquatrix''.
 
  
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Woolly nightshade has become highly invasive in [[New Zealand]].  It arrived there by [[1880]], and is now well established from [[Taupo]] northward. Woolly nightshade is poisonous and handling the plants can cause irritation and [[nausea]]. The dust from the plant can cause respiratory problems if exposure is prolonged. Because of its ability to affect human health and because of its aggressive and fast growing character it is illegal in some areas of New Zealand to sell, propagate, or distribute any part of the plant.
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===Propagation===
  
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This plant has also become an invasive weed in [[Australia]], particularly on the east coast, and is known colloquially as wild tobacco, although Australia possesses many plants of the [[Nicotiana]] genus which are more correctly known as wild tobaccos.
 
  
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The main toxic compound in ''S. mauritianum'' is the [[steroid]] [[alkaloid]] [[solasodine]].
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===Pests and diseases===
  
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== References ==
 
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* Gibbs, Barnes and Cox, ''Pigeons and Doves'' (Pica Press 2001) ISBN 1-873403-60-7
 
  
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[[Category:Solanum]]
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==Varieties==
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==Gallery==
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<gallery perrow=5>
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File:Solanum mauritianum, flowers, fruits.jpg| photo 1
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File:Solanum mauritianum (Flower).jpg| photo 2
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
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</gallery>
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==References==
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<references/>
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
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==External links==
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*{{wplink}}
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{{stub}}
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__NOTOC__

Latest revision as of 16:12, 2 June 2010


Solanum mauritianum.jpg


Plant Characteristics
Habit   shrub

Height: ⇕ 6 ft"ft" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 6. to 10 ft"ft" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 10.
Width: ⇔ 6 ft"ft" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 6. to 10 ft"ft" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 10.
Lifespan: ⌛ perennial
Poisonous: ☠ All parts
Cultivation
Exposure: ☼ sun
Features: ✓ flowers, naturalizes, invasive, foliage
USDA Zones: 10 to 12
Flower features: ❀ blue, purple
Scientific Names

Solanaceae >

Solanum >

mauritianum >


Solanum mauritianum is a small tree or shrub native to South America, including Northern Argentina, Southern Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.[1] It has become a widespread invasive weed in many countries.[2] Its common names include Woolly Nightshade, Ear-leaved Nightshade (or "earleaf nightshade"), Flannel Weed, Bugweed, Tobacco Weed, Tobacco Bush, Wild Tobacco and Kerosene Plant.

The plant has a life of up to thirty years, and can grow up to 10 m ft tall. Its large oval leaves are grey-green in color and covered with felt-like hairs. The flower is purple with a yellow center. The plant can flower year round but fruiting occurs in late spring to early summer. It is tolerant of many soil types and quickly becomes established around plantations, forest margins, scrub and open land.

Cultivation

Propagation

Pests and diseases

Varieties

Gallery

  • photo 1

  • photo 2

  • photo 3

References

  1. ↑ Olckersa, T., Zimmermann, H.G., "Biological control of silverleaf nightshade, Solanum elaegnifolium, and bugweed, Solanum mauritianum, (Solanaceae) in South Africa", Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, Vol. 37, Issues 1-3, October 1991, Pages 137-155[1]
  2. ↑ Solanum Mauritianum Weed Profile, Global Invasive Species Database[2]

External links


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