Difference between revisions of "Eulophia"

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{{Taxobox
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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
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| color = lightgreen
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| latin_name = ''Eulophia''
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| name = ''Eulophia''
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| common_names =    <!--- if multiple, list all, if none, leave blank -->
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| growth_habit = ?  <!--- tree, shrub, herbaceous, vine, etc -->
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| high = ?  <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
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| wide =    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
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| origin = ?  <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
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| poisonous =    <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
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| lifespan =    <!--- perennial, annual, etc -->
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| exposure = ?  <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
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| water = ?  <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
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| features =    <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
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| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
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| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
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| usda_zones = ?  <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
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| sunset_zones =    <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
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| color = IndianRed
 
| image = Eulophia-euglossa.jpg
 
| image = Eulophia-euglossa.jpg
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| image_width = 250px
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| image_width = 180px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
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| image_caption = ''Eulophia euglossa''
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| image_caption = Eulophia euglossa
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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| familia = Orchidaceae
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| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
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| subfamilia = Epidendroideae
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| classis = [[Liliopsida]]
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| tribus = Cymbidieae
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| ordo = [[Asparagales]]
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| subtribus = Cyrtopodiinae
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| familia = [[Orchidaceae]]
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| genus = Eulophia
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| subfamilia = [[Epidendroideae]]
 
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| tribus = [[Cymbidieae]]
 
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| subtribus = [[Cyrtopodiinae]]
 
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| genus = '''''Eulophia'''''
 
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| genus_authority = [[Robert Brown (botanist)|R.Br.]]
 
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| subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
 
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| subdivision =
 
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See [[Eulophia#Species|Species]]
 
 
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}}
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{{Inc|
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Eulophia (Greek, handsome crest). Orchidaceae. Terrestrial orchids, requiring warmhouse conditions.
  
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The genus '''''Eulophia''''' includes 210 species of [[orchid]]s, subfamily [[Vandoideae]], tribe [[Cymbidieae]], subtribe [[Cyrtopodiinae]].  
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Rather small plants with membranaceous Lvs. and conspicuous pseudobulbs: scape basal, several-fld.; sepals and petals spreading, similar, ascending; labellum 3-lobed; pollinia 2.—About 50-60 species, in the tropics of both hemispheres. The cult. of Calanthe will apply to this genus.
  
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The genus was first described by [[John Lindley]] in 1821. The name "Eulophia" was derived from the Greek words "eu" (well) and "lophos" (plume), referring to the crested ridges of the [[labellum]] (lip) in most species.
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E. Coleae, Rolfe. A slender-growing species with aloe-like lvs. — E. Lubbersiana, Laurent & Th. Dur. Allied to E. maculata: lvs. dark green, marbled with white. Afr. — E. nuda, Lindl. Scape about 2 ft. tall, many-fld. ; fls. ranging from rose-purple to pink, or yellow- lib green; lip nearly entire, recurved. India and China. B.M. 8057. — E. paniculata, Rolfe. Pseudobulbs tufted, bearing 2 strap- shaped Lvs.: fls. numerous; petals and lip yellowish green dotted with purple. Madagascar. — E. undulata, Rolfe. Scape about 1 ft. high, of slender growth; petals and lip pale green, the latter with 3 prominent keels on the disk. Rhodesia. — E. Woodfordii, Rolfe. With tall many-fld, infl.; IK green with dull claret-purple lip. Old Calabar.
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{{SCH}}
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These are usually [[terrestrial plant|terrestrial]] or ground orchids, although some are [[epiphyte]]s, and rarely, [[lithophyte]]s. They  are distributed in shady rainforests or in open scrub or woodland in the tropics and subtropics of [[Africa]], [[India]], [[Asia]], [[Queensland]] (Australia), and the [[Americas]], although most are found in Africa. Many can survive the dry season through their large bulbous ‘corms’.
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}}
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Some species, such as ''Eulophia petersii'', have adapted to very arid environments and are among the few orchids to have truly evolved [[desert]] living species. In the frost-free, semi-arid areas of Southern California, many ''Eulophia'' species, such as ''E. macra'', ''E. petersii'', ''E. plantaginea'', and ''E. speciosa'', can be grown outdoors year-round in well-drained pots with cactus/succulent potting mix (although E. speciosa prefers being grown in pure white sand), as long as they are given ample light through the winter and a drier winter resting period. Warmer growers, such as ''E. pulchra'', ''E. keithii'', and possibly even the extremely rare and difficult ''E. cucullata'' (the foxglove orchid), can probably be grown outdoors in the warmer areas of Florida and Hawaii, also.  
 
  
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The [[deciduous]] or [[evergreen]] leaves are usually pleated, with longitudinal veins. They are green and sheathed at the base. But in some species, the leaves may be reduced or have become brown scales. Some are leafless [[myco-heterotrophs]].
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==Cultivation==
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{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
  
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The generally large, underground, fleshy [[rhizome]] indicates a [[sympodial]] growth habit, and this makes Eulophias fairly easy to divide and propagate, provided the grower is gentle.
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===Propagation===
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{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
  
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The [[inflorescence]] arises from the base. It grows into a [[raceme]]. It is sometimes branched, as in the cases of ''E. macra'' and ''E. petersii''. The inflorescences on the species with non-brancing spikes can support as many as 50 flowers; but in species with branching inflorescences, up to 150 blooms can occur per spike. While most ''Eulophia'' flowers rarely exceed 2" in width, this is often made up for by the sheer abundance of interesting blooms they produce. The [[sepals]] and the [[petals]] are alike. The [[labellum|lip]] usually has three lobes. As for all orchids, there are two [[pollinia]] for each flower. Eulophias (in bloom) can reach a height of 1.6m (6ft.). In any case, the ease of cultivation and reliability of blooming that many Eulophia species and hybrids demonstrate in captivity, in addition to their unique growth habits, makes them generally excellent orchids for amateur orchid collectors and people who like to grow plants with interesting flowers.
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===Pests and diseases===
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{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
  
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== Species ==<!-- This section is linked from [[Eulophia]] -->
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== Species ==
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List{{wp}}:
 
*''[[Eulophia abyssinica]]'' (Northeast tropical [[Africa]])
 
*''[[Eulophia abyssinica]]'' (Northeast tropical [[Africa]])
 
*''[[Eulophia aculeata]]'' (southern Africa)
 
*''[[Eulophia aculeata]]'' (southern Africa)
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*''[[Eulophia albobrunnea]]'' ([[Ethiopia]]).
 
*''[[Eulophia albobrunnea]]'' ([[Ethiopia]]).
 
*''[[Eulophia aloifolia]]'' ([[Angola]])
 
*''[[Eulophia aloifolia]]'' ([[Angola]])
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*''[[Eulophia
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*''[[Eulophia alta]]'' - wild coco (tropical Africa, South [[Florida]], [[Mexico]] to tropical [[Americas|America]])  
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alta]]'' - wild coco (tropical Africa, South [[Florida]], [[Mexico]] to tropical [[Americas|America]])  
 
 
**''Eulophia alta var. alba'' (Central and West [[Brazil]])
 
**''Eulophia alta var. alba'' (Central and West [[Brazil]])
 
*''[[Eulophia amblyosepala]]'' ([[Uganda]])
 
*''[[Eulophia amblyosepala]]'' ([[Uganda]])
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*''Eulophia × pholelana'' ( =  E. ovalis var. bainesii × E. zeyheriana) (S. Africa)
 
*''Eulophia × pholelana'' ( =  E. ovalis var. bainesii × E. zeyheriana) (S. Africa)
  
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[[Category:Orchid genera]]
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==Gallery==
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{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->
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<gallery>
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
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</gallery>
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==References==
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
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==External links==
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*{{wplink}}
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Categorize]]
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<!--  in order to add all the proper categories, go to http://www.plants.am/wiki/Plant_Categories and copy/paste the contents of the page here, and then follow the easy instructions!    -->

Latest revision as of 21:21, 27 September 2009


Eulophia euglossa


Plant Characteristics
Origin: ✈ ?
Cultivation
Exposure: ☼ ?"?" is not in the list (sun, part-sun, shade, unknown) of allowed values for the "Exposure" property.
Water: ◍ ?"?" is not in the list (wet, moist, moderate, dry, less when dormant) of allowed values for the "Water" property.
Scientific Names

Orchidaceae >

Eulophia >



Read about Eulophia in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Eulophia (Greek, handsome crest). Orchidaceae. Terrestrial orchids, requiring warmhouse conditions.

Rather small plants with membranaceous Lvs. and conspicuous pseudobulbs: scape basal, several-fld.; sepals and petals spreading, similar, ascending; labellum 3-lobed; pollinia 2.—About 50-60 species, in the tropics of both hemispheres. The cult. of Calanthe will apply to this genus.

E. Coleae, Rolfe. A slender-growing species with aloe-like lvs. — E. Lubbersiana, Laurent & Th. Dur. Allied to E. maculata: lvs. dark green, marbled with white. Afr. — E. nuda, Lindl. Scape about 2 ft. tall, many-fld. ; fls. ranging from rose-purple to pink, or yellow- lib green; lip nearly entire, recurved. India and China. B.M. 8057. — E. paniculata, Rolfe. Pseudobulbs tufted, bearing 2 strap- shaped Lvs.: fls. numerous; petals and lip yellowish green dotted with purple. Madagascar. — E. undulata, Rolfe. Scape about 1 ft. high, of slender growth; petals and lip pale green, the latter with 3 prominent keels on the disk. Rhodesia. — E. Woodfordii, Rolfe. With tall many-fld, infl.; IK green with dull claret-purple lip. Old Calabar. CH


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

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Propagation

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Pests and diseases

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Species

Listwp:

Eulophia guieensis
Eulophia guineensis - habit

Hybrids

  • Eulophia × burundiensis ( = E. cucullata × E. flavopurpurea) (Burundi)..
  • Eulophia × pholelana ( = E. ovalis var. bainesii × E. zeyheriana) (S. Africa)

Gallery

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  • photo 1

  • photo 2

  • photo 3

References

External links


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